CN204633078U - A vertical and horizontal two-way busbar and photovoltaic combiner box - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is a vertical and horizontal two-way bus bar and a photovoltaic combiner box. The bus bar is divided into two main directions of the X axis and the Y axis. The photovoltaic combiner box is equipped with lightning protectors, main confluence electrical components, and branch electrical components in a closed box. The branch electrical components are divided into two parts and arranged on both sides of the main confluence electrical components. Arranged on the upper side, the lightning arrester and its protective devices are also arranged on the upper side. The photovoltaic combiner box of the utility model effectively utilizes the space of the box body, reduces the overall volume and installation space of the combiner box; at the same time, this wiring method and the shape of the bus bar make the internal wiring of the combiner box more convenient, easy to protect, safe and reliable Sex is higher. The current path is shortened, and the electrical loss of the system is reduced; the different parts of the vertical and horizontal bidirectional busbars adopt unequal cross-sectional areas, which reduces the amount of metal materials and effectively reduces the production cost.

Description

A vertical and horizontal two-way busbar and photovoltaic combiner box

technical field

The technology relates to electrical components used in a solar photovoltaic power generation system, in particular to a busbar and a photovoltaic combiner box in the solar photovoltaic power generation system.

Background technique

At present, the problem of energy shortage is becoming more and more serious. Clean energy is the inevitable development direction of today's low-carbon and environmentally friendly life. Solar energy is the main energy source in the future. With the expansion of the solar power generation market, large-scale photovoltaic power stations have emerged.

In the string solar photovoltaic power generation system, it is generally composed of photovoltaic arrays, inverters, AC combiner boxes, and box transformers. In order to reduce the connection between the inverter and the box-type transformer, simplify the system structure, and improve the reliability and maintainability of the power generation system, a certain number of output cables of photovoltaic cell square arrays with the same specification can be connected in series to form several The photovoltaic array, and then the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the output line of the photovoltaic array, and the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the photovoltaic combiner box. After converging in the photovoltaic combiner box, it is output to the box transformer to form a photovoltaic power generation system.

In the current string photovoltaic power generation system, the AC photovoltaic combiner box plays the role of linking the past and the future. It is the link connecting the inverter and the box-type transformer, and is a device for converging small-current electric energy into large-current electric energy. The operation status of the AC photovoltaic combiner box directly affects the entire photovoltaic power generation system, so the photovoltaic combiner box is extremely important. The AC photovoltaic combiner box mainly includes: box body, mounting plate, branch electrical components, lightning protector, and main confluence electrical components. First, the output cable of the inverter is connected to the incoming line end of the branch electrical components. The branch electrical components generally use AC circuit breakers and are installed on the mounting board. Generally, there are 6 or 8 confluence methods, and 6 or 8 groups of inverters are connected. The devices are concatenated into a group. The AC combiner box provides a lightning protection device to complete the protection against lightning. After converging, output through the total converging electrical components.

In the existing scheme, the branch circuit electrical components are generally placed on one side of the main bus electrical components, and the upper and lower layers are arranged, and the flexible wire is connected to the bus bar. However, it must first go around through the lower side of the mounting plate and connect to the transfer Terminals, and then for customer wiring;

Above-mentioned technical scheme main problem and shortcoming are as follows:

1. The branch circuit is connected by a flexible wire, and must be detoured through the underside of the mounting plate, the process is complicated and the cost is high;

2. The circuit breaker cannot be directly connected to the customer, and must be connected to the terminal with a flexible wire;

3. The branch circuit breaker is arranged on one side of the main circuit breaker, the cross-sectional area of the current bus bar is large, the box volume is large, and the cost is high;

4. There are many wiring nodes. Each additional wiring node will increase a hazard source and reduce reliability. At the same time, the screw connection increases the contact resistance and increases the power consumption of the system.

Patent 201220592506.2 "Busbar Structure for Solar Photovoltaic Combiner Box" discloses a busbar for solar photovoltaic combiner box. The role of the teeth is for direct connection with other electrical components, and there is a round hole at one end of the busbar for connecting the main current electrical components.

Disadvantages of this scheme: only connect electrical components in one direction, the width is too wide, and the ratio of width to length is not optimized in space, so it is not suitable for use in occasions with width requirements; in addition, the busbar structure is of equal cross-section Because the function of the busbar itself determines that the current flowing through different parts of the busbar is not equal, but this equal cross-sectional structure does not match the current passing, there is a serious problem of waste of metal materials, which increases the Cost of production.

Patent 2011320830615.8 "Photovoltaic Smart Combiner Box Convergence Copper Bar" discloses a photovoltaic smart combiner box confluence copper bar for collecting fuses or circuit breakers. The other side of the surface of the copper bar is provided with several rectangular pins along the length direction, and these pins are used for electrical connection with the circuit breaker.

Disadvantages of the above-mentioned patents: electrical components are only connected in one direction; the width is too wide, and the ratio of width to length is not optimized in space, so it is not suitable for use in occasions with width requirements; in addition, the busbar is of equal cross-section Because the function of the busbar itself determines that the current flowing through different parts of the busbar is not equal, but this equal cross-sectional structure does not match the current passing, there is a serious problem of waste of metal materials, which increases the Cost of production. In addition, the round holes contained in the above-mentioned bus bar need to be connected with screws when connecting with other electrical components. This kind of connection is unstable, increases the internal resistance, and increases the system loss.

Patent 201111073388.4 "Comb-shaped Busbar Connection System, Comb-shaped Busbar and Implementation Method" discloses a comb-shaped busbar, which is composed of interconnected busbar bodies and comb teeth, and the comb teeth can be inserted into external circuit breakers The wire inlet port of the device, the busbar comb is in contact with the crimping end of the wire inlet port; wherein, the other side of the busbar corresponding to the comb teeth is in contact with the external power feed wire.

Disadvantages of the above-mentioned patents: electrical components are only connected in one direction; the width is too wide, and the ratio of width to length is not optimized in space, so it is not suitable for use in occasions with width requirements; in addition, this busbar is of equal cross-section Because the function of the busbar itself determines that the current flowing through different parts of the busbar is not equal, but this equal cross-sectional structure does not match the current passing, there is a serious problem of waste of metal materials, which increases the Cost of production.

Patent 201310673903.1 "A Combination Comb Used in a Photovoltaic Combiner Box" discloses a confluence output cable (1), a confluence comb and a plurality of confluence terminals. The confluence comb has a comb body (2) and a plurality of comb teeth (6 ), a plurality of comb teeth are arranged in parallel on one side of the comb body, and the entire confluence comb is in the shape of a comb punched on a copper plate; the confluence output cable is fixedly connected to the comb body of the confluence comb, and the multiple comb teeth of the confluence comb are respectively connected Multiple bus terminals.

Disadvantages of the above-mentioned patent scheme: only connect electrical components in one direction; the width is too wide, and the ratio of width to length is not optimized in space, so it is not suitable for use in occasions with width requirements; in addition, the busbar structure is equal to Cross-sectional structure, because the current flowing through different parts of the busbar is not equal, this equal cross-sectional structure does not match the passing current, there is a serious problem of waste of metal materials, which increases the production cost; at the same time, the scheme’s There is a problem with the confluence input, which causes the resistance of the main circuit to be large, the power consumption is high, and the operating cost is increased.

Patent 201220172837.0 "Busbar and Power Supply Unit" discloses that the cross-sectional area of a busbar varies from small to large along the length of the busbar. The power supply device includes a first bus bar, a second bus bar, a main bus bar, a plurality of electrical conductors and parallel power supply modules, and the first bus bar and the second bus bar are connected to the main bus bar , and connected to the parallel power module through the plurality of electrical conductors, the size of the cross-sectional area of the first bus bar and the second bus bar is along the direction of the first bus bar and the second bus bar The length of the rows varies from small to large, and has the largest cross-sectional area at the end connected to the general bus bar.

Disadvantages of the above-mentioned patent scheme: only connect electrical components in one direction; the width is too wide, and the ratio of width to length is not optimized in space, so it is not suitable for use in occasions with width requirements; in addition, although this busbar is based on Different cross-sectional areas are used in different parts for different currents on the busbar, which effectively reduces the amount of metal materials used and saves costs to a certain extent. However, due to confluence at one end, all branch currents must eventually be collected to the main bus through one side, which does not completely solve the problem of completely matching the current amount with the cross-sectional area. The resistance of the loop is large, the power consumption is high, and the operating cost is increased.

Patent 201420539536.6 "A Multifunctional Photovoltaic AC Combiner Box" discloses a photovoltaic AC combiner box belonging to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation auxiliary equipment. The combiner box includes a housing, a circuit board, a branch molded case circuit breaker, a fuse, a lightning arrester, a terminal, a grounding molded case circuit breaker, and a bus bar. The circuit board is installed in the housing through a terminal, and the There are multiple branch molded case circuit breakers, which are set on the circuit board and arranged in an array, and each branch molded case circuit breaker is connected to one end of the fuse by the bus bar after converging. , the other end of the fuse is connected to the outlet end, one end of the grounded molded case circuit breaker is connected to the lightning arrester, and the other end is connected to the bus bar through the connection bar. This scheme can adapt to the working environment of converging alternating current.

Disadvantages of the above-mentioned patented scheme: 1. The branch electrical components are all arranged horizontally, and the outgoing wires of the upper and lower electrical components overlap, making it difficult to arrange the wires. There is a lightning protection device below, which makes it more difficult for the wires to go out. Considering the electrical installation regulations and electrical standards Requirements, this figure shows three branch electrical components on the left and right, most of the current photovoltaic combiner boxes use 8-circuit electrical components, the space distance between the electrical components and the box body should leave enough space for the wire layout of the four electrical components, and the lower end electrical components must also be considered The safe distance can meet the safety standard. This will lead to problems such as difficulty in wire installation and bulky box body. 2. There is a problem of alternate interpenetration in busbar wiring. The protection is difficult and the safety factor is low. 3. The layout of lightning arresters and grounded molded case circuit breakers is unreasonable, which makes the overall structure untidy.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to design a vertical and horizontal two-way bus bar used in an AC photovoltaic combiner box and a small and simple combiner box extended therefrom. It can effectively solve the problem that the branch circuit in the past technology is connected by a flexible wire, and must be bypassed through the underside of the mounting plate, the process is complicated, and the problem of high cost is improved, and the protection of the internal connection of the box is improved to prevent the damage caused during operation and maintenance. security risks.

In order to realize the purpose of this utility model, propose following technical scheme:

A longitudinal and horizontal two-way busbar, the busbar includes a trunk 10, a front branch 12, a rear branch 11 and a total busbar 9, and the trunk 10 is connected to the front branch 12, the rear branch 11 and the total busbar 9; The main busbar 9 is perpendicular to the trunk 10 , the front branch 12 is horizontal to the trunk 10 , and the rear branch 11 is perpendicular to the trunk 10 .

The front branches 12 are arranged at both ends of the trunk 10, and the bus bar 9 is arranged in the middle of the trunk.

The trunk 10 has the largest cross-sectional area in the middle, and the cross-sectional area in the left and right directions decreases gradually with the carrying current.

The front branch 12 and the rear branch 11 connected to the main body 10, the connecting parts with electrical components have a variable cross-sectional shape with a wide head and a narrow body, and its cross-sectional area matches the passing current.

The bus bar is integral, and there are two ways to form it; one is to punch a whole piece of copper plate into a prototype of the part, and then bend it into shape;

Another molding method of the busbar is that the main part (10) of the busbar is formed separately, the rear branch (11), the front branch (12) and the connecting terminal parts are independently manufactured, and the vertical and horizontal two-way busbars are synthesized by welding. .

The utility model also proposes a photovoltaic combiner box using the vertical and horizontal two-way busbars, the busbars can be connected to electrical components horizontally and vertically, and the total busbar 9 is vertically connected to the total electrical components 6; The front branch 12 is connected to the branch electrical components 1 and 3 ; the rear branch 11 is perpendicular to the trunk 10 and connected to the branch electrical component 7 .

A branch electrical component is respectively connected to the front branches 12 at both ends of the trunk 10 .

Between the branch electrical components connected at both ends of the front branch 12, lightning arresters and protection devices are connected.

The utility model adopts the method of vertically and horizontally bidirectionally connecting electrical components, the wires do not interfere with each other, the installation is convenient, the safety is good, the space of the box body is fully utilized, it is very beneficial to use in occasions with width requirements, and the overall size of the combiner box is reduced. Volume and installation space; busbars converge to the middle through both sides, shortening the current path and reducing system power loss; different parts of vertical and horizontal bidirectional busbars use unequal cross-sectional areas, reducing the amount of metal materials and effectively reducing production. cost.

Beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme of the utility model

1. No secondary transfer, customers can directly fasten the incoming line to the circuit breaker, reducing secondary transfer, reducing connection points, reducing internal resistance, reducing power consumption, and saving costs;

2. The branches are directly converging, and there is no flexible wire structure, which reduces the connection points and internal resistance, is suitable for outdoor operation, and increases reliability;

3. Due to the vertical and horizontal two-way busbar structure, the electrical components can be arranged on both sides of the main isolating switch and arranged in two rows, which effectively utilizes the space, miniaturizes the combiner box, and reduces the installation space;

4. The vertical and horizontal two-way wiring method and the shape of the busbar make the internal wiring of the combiner box more convenient, easy to protect, higher in safety and reliability;

5. The difference in the cross-sectional area of the busbar matches the amount of current passing through it, which reduces the amount of metal materials and saves the cost of construction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the AC photovoltaic combiner box of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the vertical and horizontal two-way bus bars of the AC photovoltaic combiner box of the utility model.

Figure 3 is a comparison diagram of separate fabrication and separate fabrication of busbars.

Figure 4 Three-phase superposition layout in three-dimensional space.

Fig. 5 is an effect diagram of the overall structure of the AC photovoltaic combiner box of the present invention.

The structure of the utility model comprises box body 8, mounting plate 5, vertical and horizontal two-way bus bar 4, electrical components 1, 3, 7, isolating switch 6, lightning protection device 2.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The specific structure of the utility model is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2: the main structure of the longitudinal and horizontal two-way busbar is in the three-dimensional space, and has the characteristics that both the X-axis and the Y-axis can be connected. Basically, two sets of longitudinal branches are extended to connect electrical components in two directions. Therefore, the electrical components in the box can be arranged in two rows. The branch electrical components 1 are horizontally arranged at both ends of the upper part of the mounting plate. The terminal connection part of the bus bar has bolt holes for connecting the bus bar and electrical components, and the electrical components and the bus bar can be fixed with bolts. The electrical connection part of the bus bar 4 is not in the same plane as the main part of the bus bar body, and the longitudinal and horizontal two-way bus bar 4 is divided into three parts, namely A phase, B phase and C phase. Phase A is located on the uppermost layer, phase B is located on the middle layer, and phase C is on the lowermost layer. In this embodiment, the wiring positions of electrical components are all in the same horizontal plane, so the terminal connection parts of the three-phase busbars also need to be in the same horizontal plane. On the same plane, the height of the busbars of the three phases increases sequentially. As for the staggered distance in the middle, it can be determined according to the actual situation. As mentioned above, the height of the three-phase bus bar can be adjusted and is not limited to a certain value. Such layer upon layer arrangement of busbars reduces the longitudinal space distance.

The utility model relates to a vertical and horizontal two-way bus bar and a small and simple (AC) photovoltaic combiner box. The main structure of the longitudinal and horizontal two-way busbar is divided into two main directions of the X axis and the Y axis, that is, the busbar includes the longitudinal connection and the horizontal connection; It is distributed step by step; the photovoltaic combiner box can be divided into 9 groups of branch electrical components in the closed box 8, at least one lightning protection device 2, and at least one general confluence electrical component 6; the 6 groups of branch electrical components The component 7 is divided into two parts and arranged on both sides of the main confluence electrical component 6, the other two sets of branch electrical components 1 are arranged on the upper side, and the lightning arrester 2 and its protection device (circuit breaker or fuse) branch electrical components 3 are also arranged on the upper side. Connect the terminal connection parts of the vertical and horizontal two-way busbars 4 to the electrical components respectively, and fasten them with bolts. The vertical and horizontal two-way bus bars used in the photovoltaic combiner box of the utility model and the combiner box adopt vertical and horizontal two-way wiring, which effectively utilizes the space of the box body and reduces the overall volume and installation space of the combiner box; The confluence in the middle part shortens the current path and reduces the electrical loss of the system; the different parts of the vertical and horizontal bidirectional busbars use unequal cross-sectional areas, which reduces the amount of metal materials and effectively reduces production costs.

In Fig. 2, the vertical and horizontal two-way busbars include the connection part 9 of the conductor after the overall convergence, the trunk part 10 of the busbar, the connection parts 11 and 12 of the branch busbar conductors, the lightning protection device 2 and the branch electrical components (fuse or circuit breaker) device) 3 conductor connection part 12. The 9 parts connected to the overall converging electrical components, because it is the place where all the branches pass through after converging, the current is relatively large, and a matching cross-sectional area is required. According to the current of each branch, the required cross-sectional area after the final converging is calculated. The cross-sectional area of each branch and the main road after confluence is determined by the branch current and the number of branches. The electrical connection part of the vertical and horizontal two-way busbar and the electrical components is located in the Z-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, and the angle with the X and Y planes is an indeterminate value, which can be any value from 0° to 180°. In this embodiment, it is 90° to the X and Y planes, and the shape is designed to have a wide head and a narrow body. The head is wide to ensure the electrical contact area, and the body is narrow to ensure that it matches the current, saving metal materials and reducing costs.

There are two types of forming methods for the vertical and horizontal two-way busbars. One is to make it into an integral type. In the form of no seams, a whole piece of copper plate is used to stamp the prototype of the part, and then bend it into shape. In this way, it is made The integral busbar is adopted, so that welding or crimping is not required to form the terminal part of the electrical contact, and the integral structure reduces the contact resistance and reduces the power consumption of the system.

The second molding method is to make the busbar in two parts, the main part 10 is formed separately, and then the terminal parts of 11, 12, etc., which are connected to electrical appliances with a wide head and a narrow body, are made independently, because the connecting parts of the 9 groups of terminals have the same shape , The processing technology is also relatively simple, a pair of molds can be directly stamped, and finally the two parts are welded into a vertical and horizontal two-way busbar. This processing technology, in the molding process, has less waste material, increases the utilization rate of materials, and has a simple process and is easy to operate. Figure 3 is a comparison diagram of separate fabrication and separate fabrication of busbars.

Fig. 4 is a three-phase superposition layout diagram in three-dimensional space; Fig. 5 is an overall structural effect diagram of the AC photovoltaic combiner box of the utility model. The vertical and horizontal two-way busbars used in the AC photovoltaic combiner box, the branch 12 reserved in the busbar 4 is connected to the lightning arrester 2 and its protection device (fuse or circuit breaker) 3 . Connect the protection device 3 of the lightning arrester to the branch 12 of the vertical and horizontal two-way busbar, pass through the bolt holes contained in the busbar, and fix it with bolts, and then connect the lightning arrester through the copper bar using crimped wiring electrical connection with the protective device. In this way, the internal space of the combiner box is fully utilized, making the overall layout clear and tidy, and avoiding complicated wiring.

The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present utility model in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit In the present utility model, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a longitudinal and transverse reversible bus-bar, it is characterized in that, described bus-bar comprises trunk (10), front branch (12), rear branch (11) and total bus-bar (9), and described trunk (10) is upper connects front branch (12), rear branch (11) and total bus-bar (9); Described total bus-bar (9) is perpendicular to trunk (10), and described front branch (12) and trunk (10) level, described rear branch (11) is perpendicular to trunk (10).

2. bus-bar according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described front branch (12) is arranged at the two ends of trunk (10), and described total bus-bar (9) is arranged at the middle part of trunk.

3. bus-bar according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described trunk (10) amasss maximum in intermediate cross-section, turns left and reduces gradually with loaded current toward right direction sectional area.

4. bus-bar according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described in be connected to front branch (12) on trunk (10) and rear branch (11), the coupling part of itself and electric elements, for the variable cross-section shape that head breadth body is narrow, its sectional area with pass through currents match.

5., according to the bus-bar of claim 1-3 described in one of them, it is characterized in that: described in the molding mode that confluxes can have two kinds, integral seamless formula is shaping and substep punching welding type is shaping.

6. bus-bar according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described bus-bar can integral type shaping, strike out part blank with monoblock copper coin, then bending and molding.

7. bus-bar according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the main part (10) of described bus-bar is shaped separately, rear branch (11), front branch (12) and splicing ear part independently make, and synthesize longitudinal and transverse reversible bus-bar by welding manner.

8. one kind uses the photovoltaic combiner box of the longitudinal and transverse reversible bus-bar of claim 1-7 described in one of them, it is characterized in that: the bus-bar in described photovoltaic combiner box can horizontal and vertical connecting circuit element, described total bus-bar (9) longitudinally connects the electric elements (6) that always conflux; Described front branch (12) connects branch's electric elements (1), (3); Described rear branch (11) connects branch's electric elements (7) perpendicular to trunk (10).

9. photovoltaic combiner box according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the upper each connection branch's electric elements of the front branch (12) at the two ends of described trunk (10).

10. photovoltaic combiner box according to claim 9; it is characterized in that: between branch's electric elements that described front branch (12) two ends connect, be connected with lightning protection device (2) and the branch's electric elements (3) as its protective device.