CN204596429U - A kind of used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure - Google Patents
A kind of used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN204596429U CN204596429U CN201520312369.6U CN201520312369U CN204596429U CN 204596429 U CN204596429 U CN 204596429U CN 201520312369 U CN201520312369 U CN 201520312369U CN 204596429 U CN204596429 U CN 204596429U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure, comprise at least one group of biological shielding unit, described biological shielding unit comprises at least one deck biological shield and the biological shield stationary installation preventing fixed biologically screen layer from moving axially for fixed biologically screen layer, and described biological shield is the combination of any one or two kinds in boron screen layer, lead shield layer.The utility model adopts multilayer screen structural design, inside radiation source and nuclear power station island, boron material screen layer is adopted to absorb neutron at screen layer, reusable lead plate shields gamma-rays, so both can absorb neutron and also can shield gamma-rays, to reach good biological protection effect.Consider that actual installation is convenient, stereotype screen layer adopts Multi-layer design, to alleviate every one deck stereotype weight.This utility model is particularly suitable for the nuclear power station high to biological shielding requirement and uses.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure, and this design can meet the biological shielding at all kinds nuclear power station electrical penetration position.Biological shield boron screen layer of the present utility model and lead shield layer combined type design, and both can absorb neutron, and also can shield gamma-rays, to reach good protection effect.This shielding thickness calculates according to equivalent containment concrete thickness, with the shield effectiveness making the shield effectiveness of penetration piece installation site be not less than concrete walls.Consider easy for installation, stereotype screen layer adopts Multi-layer design, to alleviate every one deck stereotype weight (also can arrange screen layer in penetration piece inside according to actual conditions), but total shield effectiveness meets biological shielding thickness requirement with reference to concrete walls thickness.
Background technology
The protection of depth defense is adopted in the design of the nuclear power station of a new generation; multi-level protection is provided from equipment and measure; guarantee that the power of reactor can be controlled effectively, fuel assembly can fully be cooled, and launching material can contain effectively not to be revealed.The containment of nuclear power plant reactor can bear the various impacts such as earthquake, hurricane, airplane falling, is the patron saint of nuclear power station, and guarantees that the radiomaterial of nuclear reactor does not escape into surrounding enviroment.
Although say and construction of nuclear power station design can consider safety problem, all operations are all that people goes operation, and this just has certain hidden danger.Consider that nuclear power plant containment shell is provided with the equipment such as various mechanical penetration piece, electrical penetration inside and outside a lot of UNICOMs containment; for protection is in the safety of nuclear power station surrounding work personnel, nuclear power station biological shield generally needs to consider shielding gamma-rays and neutron two parts.
A lot of in order to shield gamma-ray material category.Conventional shielding material has lead, iron, concrete, water etc.At architectural widely used brick, sandstone, earth, the effect shielding a part of ray generally also can be played.These materials usually can be used to absorption portion and escape from next gamma-rays and the energy-producing shielding of neutron from core.Radiation shield in calculating usually use partly weaken thickness △ 1/2 and ten times and weaken thickness △ 1/10 and define the shielding thickness weakened by incident gamma ray (fluence rate or exposure rate etc.) needed for half or 1/10th.Although given radiation is not a constant at the △ 1/2 shielded in medium and △ 1/10 value, but slightly changes along with the increase weakening multiple.But after being radiated through certain thickness material layer, the △ 1/2 and the △ 1/10 that there is a balance are worth.Usually can with the approximate estimation of this value to the screening ability and shielding thickness that have the radiation beam of to a certain degree decaying.
For neutron shield, importantly consider the interaction between neutron and composition tissue element.In tissue, count by weight percentage, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen four kinds of elements account for more than 95% of whole human body weight; By atomicity, number of hydrogen atoms accounts for more than 60% of human body total atom number.
From neutron screening angle degree, neutron weakening in shielding material can be divided into two processes: be first fast neutron by inelastic scattering and elastic scattering with material, make moderation of neutrons become thermal neutron; Second step is that thermal neutron conductively-closed materials capture absorbs.During inelastic scattering, part energy scattering after excimer daughter nucleus of neutron, the atomic nucleus be excited gets back to ground state again after releasing gamma-rays.So the neutron portion of energy that inelastic scattering nuclear reaction occurs becomes γ radiation energy.
Thermal neutron can by various material absorbing, but after many material absorbing thermal neutrons, the γ often with high energy captures ray.So thermal neutron absorbing material should be selected thermal neutron absorption cross section large and capture those low materials of energy of γ ray.The thermal neutron absorption cross section of lithium (6Li) and boron (10B) is respectively about 940b and 3837b, and generation is (n, α) reaction, and the γ radiation that lithium is released after capturing neutron is little, negligible; Though boron releases the γ radiation of 0.47MeV in the capture event of 95%, this type of energy of γ ray is lower, than being easier to shielding.
At the inelastic scattering of fast neutron and thermal neutron by absorption process, all can produce secondary gamma radiation, because slowing down fast neutron has employed the material of more than many medium wts, these materials have often also been enough to weaken and shield to secondary gamma radiation.
In theory, uranium is effective to gamma ray shielding with lead, but uranium material price is high, and economy is bad, and also has certain toxicity.Lead is lower due to fusing point, can not be used for the occasion that temperature is higher.And plumbous hardness is low, extensibility is very strong, and the deformation of creep occurs stereotype easily change in time.Plumbous neutron weakens poor-performing, can send the gamma-rays that energy is 7.4 MeVs after capturing neutron.And the neutron-absorbing performance of boron is good, material availability might as well.The gamma-rays of iron and steel weakens ability and is in medium level, and the neutron of iron and steel weakens performance and is also in medium level, and ferrous materials easily obtain, with low cost.
Utility model content
For the problems referred to above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of nuclear power station biological shielding structure with good biological protection effect.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure, it is characterized in that, comprise at least one group of biological shielding unit, described biological shielding unit comprises at least one deck biological shield and the biological shield stationary installation preventing fixed biologically screen layer from moving axially for fixed biologically screen layer, and described biological shield is the combination of any one or two kinds in boron screen layer, lead shield layer.
Preferably, described biological shielding unit is located in nuclear power plant containment shell built-in pipe or is located in electrical penetration, boron screen layer and/or lead shield layer are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell of nuclear power plant containment shell built-in pipe or electrical penetration, biological shield stationary installation is welded in nuclear power plant containment shell built-in pipe or in electrical penetration, and biological shield stationary installation is fixedly connected with boron screen layer or lead shield layer.
Preferably, described boron screen layer and lead shield layer are arranged in order on source radiation direction or interval is arranged.
Preferably, described boron screen layer adopts clad type structure, comprises outer layer metal material layer and is coated on the boron material layer in outer layer metal material; Described lead shield layer adopts clad type structure, comprises outer layer metal material layer and is coated on the lead material layer in outer layer metal material.
Preferably, described lead shield layer and boron screen layer are provided with cable aperture.Described lead shield layer and boron screen layer are provided with screen layer unit assembly hole.
The utility model adopts multilayer screen structural design, inside radiation source and nuclear power station island, boron material screen layer is adopted to absorb neutron at screen layer, reusable lead plate shields gamma-rays, so both can absorb neutron and also can shield gamma-rays, to reach good biological protection effect.Consider that actual installation is convenient, stereotype screen layer adopts Multi-layer design, to alleviate every one deck stereotype weight.This screen layer both can be arranged on built-in pipe near island inner end positions, also can be arranged on penetration piece inside.This utility model is particularly suitable for the nuclear power station high to biological shielding requirement and uses.
The detailed description and obtaining that feature of the present utility model can consult the graphic and following better embodiment of this case is well understood to.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is biological shield unit front view.
Fig. 2 is biological shield cellular construction sectional view.
Fig. 3 is mounted in the used in nuclear power station biological shielding structural drawing in containment built-in pipe.
Fig. 4 is mounted in the used in nuclear power station biological shielding structural drawing in electrical penetration.
Wherein, 5-biological shielding unit; 12-the first cable aperture; 13-the second cable aperture; 14-screen layer unit assembly hole; 10-outer layer metal material layer; 11-boron/lead material layer; 14-screen layer unit assembly hole; 20-containment built-in pipe; 21-boron screen layer; 22-lead shield layer; 25-biological shield stationary installation; 30-electrical penetration.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the utility model, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, setting forth the utility model further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
See Fig. 1, a kind of used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure, comprise at least one group of biological shielding unit 5, described biological shielding unit 5 comprises at least one deck biological shield and the biological shield stationary installation preventing fixed biologically screen layer from moving axially for fixed biologically screen layer, and described biological shield is the combination of any one or two kinds in boron screen layer, lead shield layer.Lead shield layer and boron screen layer are provided with the first cable aperture 12, second cable aperture 13.Described lead shield layer and boron screen layer are provided with screen layer unit assembly hole 14.
See Fig. 2, boron (lead) screen layer adopts clad type structure, comprises outer layer metal material layer 10 and is coated on boron (lead) material layer 11 in outer layer metal material.
See Fig. 3, biological shielding unit is located in nuclear power plant containment shell built-in pipe, and biological shielding unit comprises one deck boron screen layer 21 and three layers of lead shield layer 22.Boron screen layer 21 is fixedly connected with nuclear power plant containment shell built-in pipe cylindrical shell with lead shield layer 22, and biological shield stationary installation 25 is welded in nuclear power plant containment shell built-in pipe, and biological shield stationary installation 25 is fixedly connected with lead shield layer 22.
See Fig. 4, biological shielding unit is located in nuclear power station electrical penetration, and biological shielding unit has two groups, is separately positioned on the both sides of electrical penetration.The one group of biological shielding unit in the right comprises two-layer boron screen layer 21 and one deck lead shield layer 22.One group, left side biological shielding unit comprises three layers of lead shield layer 22.Biological shield stationary installation 25 is welded in nuclear power station electrical penetration, and biological shield stationary installation 25 is fixedly connected with lead shield layer 22.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present utility model, principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technician of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; the just principle of the present utility model described in above-described embodiment and instructions; under the prerequisite not departing from the utility model spirit and scope, the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in claimed scope of the present utility model.The protection domain that the utility model requires is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure, it is characterized in that, comprise at least one group of biological shielding unit, described biological shielding unit comprises at least one deck biological shield and the biological shield stationary installation preventing fixed biologically screen layer from moving axially for fixed biologically screen layer, and described biological shield is the combination of any one or two kinds in boron screen layer, lead shield layer.
2. used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described biological shielding unit is located in nuclear power plant containment shell built-in pipe or is located in electrical penetration, boron screen layer and/or lead shield layer are fixedly connected with the cylindrical shell of nuclear power plant containment shell built-in pipe or electrical penetration, biological shield stationary installation is welded in nuclear power plant containment shell built-in pipe or in electrical penetration, and biological shield stationary installation is fixedly connected with boron screen layer or lead shield layer.
3. used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described boron screen layer and lead shield layer are arranged in order on source radiation direction or interval is arranged.
4. used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described boron screen layer adopts clad type structure, comprises outer layer metal material layer and is coated on the boron material layer in outer layer metal material; Described lead shield layer adopts clad type structure, comprises outer layer metal material layer and is coated on the lead material layer in outer layer metal material.
5. used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lead shield layer and boron screen layer are provided with cable aperture; Described lead shield layer and boron screen layer are provided with screen layer unit assembly hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520312369.6U CN204596429U (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2015-05-14 | A kind of used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure |
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| CN201520312369.6U CN204596429U (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2015-05-14 | A kind of used in nuclear power station biological shielding structure |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108010596A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-08 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of anti-radiation shield device suitable for strong nuclear radiation environment |
| CN109243654A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-18 | 镇江华核装备有限公司 | A kind of preparation process of nuclear leakage emergency screening clothing |
| CN110379530A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-25 | 中国人民大学 | A kind of effective interlayer of biological shielding wall, biological shielding wall and unit |
| CN110689972A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2020-01-14 | 劳斯莱斯有限公司 | Nuclear power plant |
-
2015
- 2015-05-14 CN CN201520312369.6U patent/CN204596429U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108010596A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-08 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of anti-radiation shield device suitable for strong nuclear radiation environment |
| CN110689972A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2020-01-14 | 劳斯莱斯有限公司 | Nuclear power plant |
| CN110689972B (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2024-03-26 | 劳斯莱斯Smr有限公司 | Nuclear power plant |
| CN109243654A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-18 | 镇江华核装备有限公司 | A kind of preparation process of nuclear leakage emergency screening clothing |
| CN109243654B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2022-10-18 | 镇江华核装备有限公司 | Preparation process of nuclear leakage emergency shielding clothes |
| CN110379530A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-25 | 中国人民大学 | A kind of effective interlayer of biological shielding wall, biological shielding wall and unit |
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