CN204594655U - A kind of model test apparatus of simulated waves - Google Patents
A kind of model test apparatus of simulated waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN204594655U CN204594655U CN201520190901.1U CN201520190901U CN204594655U CN 204594655 U CN204594655 U CN 204594655U CN 201520190901 U CN201520190901 U CN 201520190901U CN 204594655 U CN204594655 U CN 204594655U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of model test apparatus of simulated waves, comprise model groove, motor, driving chain, driving gear, follower gear, make wave plate, energy dissipating slope, wave measurement instrument, wave speed measurement instrument, pass through driving chain, driving gear, the rotational energy of low frequency motor is sent to and makes wave plate by follower gear and transmission shaft, the water that the rotation of making wave plate is stirred in model groove produces wave, the frequency of wave is changed by the size changing driving gear, by making the elongation of wave plate and shortening the amplitude changing wave, the degree of tightness because changing the driving chain that driving gear produces is regulated by roll adjustment gear, wave measurement instrument is used to measure frequency and the amplitude of wave, wave speed measurement instrument is used to measure the flow velocity of wave, energy dissipating slope is used to eliminate wave, the Wave Response of dam slope is measured by the monitoring instrument be embedded in dam slope.This device can be connected multiple model groove, simulates multiple wave operating mode simultaneously, not only economy but also efficient.
Description
Technical field
The utility model provides a kind of model test apparatus of simulated waves, belongs to field of civil engineering.
Background technology
Reservoir dam during runing is in open physical environment, be subject to the percussive action of wave load for a long time, dam material physico-mechanical properties is decayed with the increase of service time, have a strong impact on the safe operation of dam body, belong to a key technical problem in hydraulic engineering, cause the enough attention of engineering circles at present, therefore, under research Wave Load, dam material strength retrogression rule has important practical significance for the prediction protection of caving in of dam body.
Experimental study is well-known for natural science applied importance, wherein, the results contrast that on-the-spot in-situ test draws tallies with the actual situation, but the on-the-spot in-situ test of the water retaining structure Wave Response such as reservoir dam is more difficult carries out, therefore, simulation laboratory test is a kind of practicable means.How producing wave is the problem that first shop experiment is considered, wave making machine is used in the test of current most of simulated waves, but wave making machine is expensive, uneconomical, and the same time can only simulate a kind of operating mode, efficiency is lower, and therefore, research and development one is economical and wave model test device is comparatively feasible efficiently.
Utility model content
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of model test apparatus and test method of simulated waves.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:
A kind of model test apparatus of simulated waves, comprise model groove, one end in described model groove is provided with dam, slope, the relative other end is provided with energy dissipating slope, and in model groove, be provided with wave measurement instrument for measuring wave frequencies and amplitude along the direction of water flow, for measuring the wave speed measurement instrument of wave flow velocity and making wave plate for generation of wave, described makes the rear end that wave plate is positioned at wave speed measurement instrument and wave measurement instrument, and make wave plate and rotate under the driving of drive unit, the water stirred in model groove by the rotation of making wave plate produces wave.
Further, described drive unit comprises a motor, described motor drives a driving gear to drive a follower gear by a driving chain, and the output shaft of described follower gear coaxially installs intermediate plate with it, and described intermediate plate is connected by coupling arrangement makes wave plate.
Further, the inner side of described driving chain is provided with roll adjustment gear.
Further, the size by changing described driving gear changes the frequency of wave.
Further, the amplitude of wave can be changed by adjusting the length making wave plate.
Further, the degree of tightness because changing the driving chain that driving gear produces is regulated by described roll adjustment gear.
Further, described model groove uses organic glass to make or use concreting to form, water is equipped with in inside, the size of model groove and water surface height all experimentally design proposal and determining, model groove can arrange multiple series connection side by side, and multiple model groove shares a motor, carries out different working condition tests simultaneously.
Further, described low frequency motor is arranged on outside model groove, provides power by gearing for manufacturing wave.
Further, described driving chain, roll adjustment gear, driving gear, follower gear are positioned at inside model groove, and three gears are on same perpendicular, are linked together by driving chain.
Further, described roll adjustment gear is fixed on bearing by key, and described bearing is fixed on roll adjustment axle by key and nut.
Further, described roll adjustment axle is fixed on model groove sidewall by nut through roll adjustment hole, and described nut respectively has one in both sides inside and outside model groove sidewall, the nut of inner side between roll adjustment gear and model groove sidewall, for fixing roll adjustment axle.
Further, described roll adjustment hole width should slightly larger than roll adjustment shaft diameter, and length is determined according to model groove size.
Further, described driving gear and follower gear to be separately fixed on two transmission shafts by key and to be fixed with nut, prevent it from moving along transmission shaft.
Further, described bearing is fixed on model groove sidewall.
Further, described wave plate material of making is rigid plastic or steel plate, and can experimentally require to elongate or shorten, its width should be less than model well width, and its length should be determined according to model groove depth and transmission shaft height and position.
Further, described sheet presss from both sides as steel are made, and is welded on transmission shaft.
Further, described nut is used for making wave plate and is fixed on sheet folder.
Further, described wave measurement instrument and wave speed measurement instrument are positioned at the inside of model groove, are spaced a distance with dam slope.
Further, described dam slope and energy dissipating slope lay respectively at the two ends of model groove, and the size of dam slope is determined according to test design, and its inside is embedded with corresponding monitoring instrument according to testing program, and the material on energy dissipating slope should be identical with model groove material.
The test method of said apparatus is as follows:
(1) the operating mode type determination series model groove determined according to testing program and the number of model assembly and kind, the diameter of driving gear and follower gear should be determined according to wave frequencies;
(2) all parts processed is arranged in described model groove;
(3) according to the gradient and the height of ratio of similitude determination dam body, then in model groove, fill dam body, and bury corresponding monitoring instrument underground in dam body inside;
(4) to water filling in model groove, water level height is determined by designing requirement, and current should be avoided during water filling directly to wash away dam slope;
(5) whether inspection model parts are installed correctly, if correctly, then forward step (6) to;
(6) low frequency motor is opened, use wave measurement instrument, wave speed measurement instrument to measure element of wave whether to meet design requirement, if do not meet design requirement, by changing motor frequency, more gear changing size, elongating or shortening the means making wave plate and regulate;
(7) after treating that element of wave regulates, make the wave action corresponding time according to designing requirement, period is measured by the monitoring instrument be embedded in dam slope and data needed for recording.
When carrying out for multiple wave operating mode, the driving gear between consecutive phantom groove and the diameter of follower gear should be determined by following formula simultaneously:
Wherein: d
1for driving gear diameter, d
2for follower gear diameter, T
1for the wave period in motor model groove, T
2for away from the wave period in motor model groove, n
driving gearfor driving gear rotating speed, n
follower gearfor follower gear rotating speed.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
The rotational energy of low frequency motor is sent to and makes wave plate by the utility model, the water that the rotation of making wave plate is stirred in model groove produces wave, the frequency of wave is changed by the size changing driving gear, by making the elongation of wave plate and shortening the amplitude changing wave, the degree of tightness because changing the driving chain that driving gear produces is regulated by roll adjustment gear, wave measurement instrument is used to measure frequency and the amplitude of wave, wave speed measurement instrument is used to measure the flow velocity of wave, energy dissipating slope is used to eliminate wave, the Wave Response of dam slope is measured by the monitoring instrument be embedded in dam slope.This device can be connected multiple model groove, simulates multiple wave operating mode simultaneously, not only economy but also efficient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is embodiments more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 model complete layout;
Fig. 2 gear partial schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 roll adjustment gear partial schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 transmission shaft and model groove sidewall contact place partial schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is (or driven) gear and bearing connection diagram initiatively;
Fig. 6 makes wave plate partial schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 dam slope and energy dissipating slope sectional view;
In figure: 1 dam slope, 2 model grooves, 3 low frequency motor, 4a, 4b nut, 5 driving chains, 6 roll adjustment gears, 7 roll adjustment axles, 8 driving gears, 9a, 9b transmission shaft, 10 roll adjustment holes, 11 follower gears, 12 nuts, 13 folders, 14 make wave plate, 15 energy dissipating slopes, 16 wave measurement instrument, 17 wave speed measurement instrument, 18 model groove sidewalls, 19a ~ d key, 20a, 20b bearing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, be the model test apparatus (can need according to operating condition of test multiple model groove of connecting) of the simulated waves after two model groove series connection, one of them model test apparatus comprises model groove 2, low frequency motor 3, nut 4a, driving chain 5, roll adjustment gear 6, roll adjustment axle 7, driving gear 8, transmission shaft 9a, 9b, follower gear 11, nut 12, sheet folder 13, make wave plate 14, energy dissipating slope 15, wave measurement instrument 16, wave speed measurement instrument 17, key 19 (a ~ d), bearing 20a, 20b, by driving chain 5, driving gear 8, follower gear 11 and transmission shaft 9a, the rotational energy of low frequency motor 3 is sent to and makes wave plate 14 by 9b, the water that the rotation of making wave plate 14 is stirred in model groove 2 produces wave, the frequency of wave is changed by the size changing driving gear 8, by making the elongation of wave plate 14 and shortening the amplitude changing wave, the degree of tightness because changing the driving chain 5 that driving gear 8 produces is regulated by roll adjustment gear 6, wave measurement instrument 16 is used to measure frequency and the amplitude of wave, wave speed measurement instrument 17 is used to measure the flow velocity of wave, use energy dissipating slope 15 to eliminate wave, measured the Wave Response of dam slope by the monitoring instrument be embedded in dam slope 1.
Another model test apparatus comprises model groove 2, nut 4a, 4b, driving chain 5, roll adjustment gear 6, roll adjustment axle 7, driving gear 8, transmission shaft 9b, follower gear 11, nut 12, sheet press from both sides 13, make wave plate 14, energy dissipating slope 15, wave measurement instrument 16, wave speed measurement instrument 17, key 19 (a ~ d), bearing 20a, 20b, this covering device shares a low frequency motor 3 with set of device above, and transmission shaft 9a is as the power input shaft of this covering device, remaining is the same with device above.
Model groove 2 can use organic glass to make or use concreting to form, water is equipped with in inside, the size of model groove 2 and water surface height all experimentally design proposal and determining, model groove 2 can also carry out multiple series connection on superincumbent basis again, carries out different working condition tests simultaneously.
Low frequency motor 3 is arranged on outside model groove, provides power by gearing for manufacturing wave.
Driving chain 5, roll adjustment gear 6, driving gear 8, follower gear 11 are positioned at inside model groove, and three gears are on same perpendicular, are linked together, as shown in Figure 2 by driving chain 5.
Roll adjustment gear 6 is fixed on bearing 20a by key 19a, and described bearing 20a is fixed on roll adjustment axle 7 by key 19b and nut, as shown in Figure 3.
Roll adjustment axle 7 is fixed on model groove sidewall 18 through roll adjustment hole 10 by nut 4a, and described nut 4a respectively has one in both sides inside and outside model groove sidewall, the nut of inner side between roll adjustment gear 6 and model groove sidewall 18, for fixing roll adjustment axle.
Roll adjustment hole 10 width should slightly larger than roll adjustment shaft diameter, and length is determined according to model groove size.
Driving gear 8 and follower gear 11 are separately fixed on transmission shaft 9a and 9b by key 19d, as shown in Figure 5, and are fixed with nut, prevent it from moving along transmission shaft 9a and 9b.
Bearing 20b is fixed on model groove sidewall 18.
Transmission shaft 9a and 9b is linked together by key 19c and bearing 20b, and as shown in Figure 4, the two ends of transmission shaft 9a and 9b are all fixed on bearing with nut, prevent it from moving horizontally.
Making wave plate 14 is fixed on sheet folder 13 by nut 12, making wave plate 14 material is rigid plastic or steel plate, and can experimentally require to elongate or shorten, its width should be less than model well width, its length should be determined according to model groove depth and transmission shaft height and position, as shown in Figure 6.
Sheet folder 13 is made for steel, is welded on transmission shaft 9b.
Nut 12 is fixed on sheet folder for making wave plate.
Wave measurement instrument 16 and wave speed measurement instrument 17 are positioned at the inside of model groove 2, are spaced a distance with dam slope.
Dam slope 1 and energy dissipating slope 15 lay respectively at the two ends of model groove 2, and as shown in Figure 7, the size of dam slope 1 is determined according to test design, and its inside is embedded with corresponding monitoring instrument according to testing program, and the material on energy dissipating slope 15 should be identical with model groove 2 material.
The test method of said apparatus is as follows:
(1) the operating mode type design series model groove determined according to testing program and the number of model assembly and kind, the diameter of driving gear and follower gear should be determined according to the wave frequencies designed.
When carrying out for multiple wave operating mode, the driving gear between consecutive phantom groove and the diameter of follower gear should be determined by following formula simultaneously:
Wherein: d
1for driving gear diameter, d
2for follower gear diameter, T
1for the wave period in motor model groove, T
2for away from the wave period in motor model groove, n
driving gearfor driving gear rotating speed, n
follower gearfor follower gear rotating speed.
(2) parts processed are mounted to model by technique scheme, as shown in Figure 1.
(3) according to the gradient and the height of ratio of similitude determination dam body, then in model groove, fill dam body, and bury corresponding monitoring instrument underground in dam body inside, as pore pressure gauge, dynamic stress sensor, undersized instrument should be used as far as possible.
(4) to water filling in model groove, water level height is determined by designing requirement, and current should be avoided during water filling directly to wash away dam slope.
(5) whether inspection model parts are installed correctly, mainly comprise: whether the hold-doun nut of transmission shaft and roll adjustment axle is tightened, whether driving gear, follower gear and roll adjustment gear be in the same vertical plane, whether driving chain is tightened, whether the hold-down nut making wave plate is tightened, whether the placement location of wave measurement instrument and wave speed measurement instrument is suitable, and whether the dam body size of filling meets the demands, and whether the instrumented site buried underground in dam body is suitable.
(6) low frequency motor is opened, use wave measurement instrument, wave speed measurement instrument to measure element of wave whether to meet design requirement, if do not meet design requirement, by changing motor frequency, more gear changing size, elongating or shortening means such as making wave plate and regulate, concrete operations mode is as follows:
If when the frequency of wave is very fast, velocity of wave is larger, the frequency of motor can be reduced, if operation inconvenience, first can unclamp the hold-doun nut of roll adjustment axle, be moved down by roll adjustment axle, driving chain is relaxed, active moving gear is replaced by the gear of small diameter, then goes up transposition and also fixed apart from axle, driving chain is tightened, measure frequency and the velocity of wave of wave again, till identical with designing requirement or close.
If when the frequency of wave is comparatively slow, velocity of wave is less, can the frequency of increasing motor, if operation inconvenience, first can unclamp the hold-doun nut of roll adjustment axle, be moved down by roll adjustment axle, driving chain is relaxed, active moving gear is replaced by larger-diameter gear, then goes up transposition and also fixed apart from axle, driving chain is tightened, measure frequency and the velocity of wave of wave again, till identical with designing requirement or close.
If the wave amplitude of wave and wavelength larger time, mode by above-mentioned reduction wave frequencies regulates, if frequency is fixing, can first unclamp the hold-down nut making wave plate, then will make wave plate to move inward, and shorten its length, then tighten hold-down nut, then the wave amplitude of wave is measured, till identical with designing requirement or close.
If the wave amplitude of wave and wavelength less time, regulate by the above-mentioned mode heightening wave frequencies, if frequency is fixing, can first unclamp the hold-down nut making wave plate, then will make wave plate outwards movement, and increase its length, then tighten hold-down nut, then the wave amplitude of wave is measured, till identical with designing requirement or close.
In the adjustment process of element of wave, should consider the size of ripple frequency, velocity of wave, wave amplitude and wavelength, because each to when wherein some key elements regulate, will affect the size of other key elements, the principle that should follow is: weigh comprehensively, coordinate change.
(7) after treating that element of wave regulates, make the wave action corresponding time according to designing requirement, period is measured by the monitoring instrument be embedded in dam slope and data needed for recording.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment of the present utility model is described although above-mentioned; but the restriction not to the utility model protection domain; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. the model test apparatus of a simulated waves, comprise model groove, it is characterized in that, one end in described model groove is provided with dam, slope, the relative other end is provided with energy dissipating slope, and in model groove, be provided with wave measurement instrument for measuring wave frequencies and amplitude along the direction of water flow, for measuring the wave speed measurement instrument of wave flow velocity and making wave plate for generation of wave, described makes the rear end that wave plate is positioned at wave speed measurement instrument and wave measurement instrument, and make wave plate and rotate under the driving of drive unit, the water stirred in model groove by the rotation of making wave plate produces wave.
2. the model test apparatus of simulated waves as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described drive unit comprises a motor, described motor drives a driving gear to drive a follower gear by a driving chain, the output shaft of described follower gear coaxially installs intermediate plate with it, and described intermediate plate is connected by coupling arrangement makes wave plate.
3. the model test apparatus of simulated waves as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the inner side of described driving chain is provided with roll adjustment gear, described driving chain, roll adjustment gear, driving gear, follower gear are positioned at inside model groove, three gears are on same perpendicular, are linked together by driving chain.
4. the model test apparatus of simulated waves as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described roll adjustment gear is fixed on bearing by key, described bearing is fixed on roll adjustment axle by key and nut; Described roll adjustment axle is fixed on model groove sidewall through roll adjustment hole by nut, and described nut respectively has one in both sides inside and outside model groove sidewall, and the nut of inner side is between roll adjustment gear and model groove sidewall.
5. the model test apparatus of simulated waves as claimed in claim 3, be is characterized in that: the frequency being changed wave by the size changing described driving gear.
6. the model test apparatus of simulated waves as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the amplitude that can change wave by adjusting the length making wave plate.
7. the model test apparatus of simulated waves as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: regulate the degree of tightness because changing the driving chain that driving gear produces by described roll adjustment gear.
8. the model test apparatus of simulated waves as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described model groove uses organic glass to make or use concreting to form, water is equipped with in inside, and model groove can arrange multiple series connection side by side, carries out different working condition tests simultaneously.
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| CN201520190901.1U CN204594655U (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | A kind of model test apparatus of simulated waves |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104697741A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-10 | 山东大学 | Wave simulating model testing device and method |
| CN106192870A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 河海大学 | A kind of wave simulating overflow device continuously |
| CN106248344A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-21 | 河海大学 | A kind of prototype experiment wave run-up analog |
| CN106314664A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 于光临 | Bicycle having braking kinetic energy recycling function |
| CN107727342A (en) * | 2017-11-11 | 2018-02-23 | 广州环保投资集团有限公司 | Wave load loading device and test method based on model groove |
| CN108978574A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-12-11 | 燕山大学 | It is a kind of to push away the wave maker for shaking combination |
| CN110411708A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-05 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of wave simulator and its operation method suitable for wave simulation test |
| CN114506883A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Performance evaluation equipment and evaluation method for offshore chemical leakage emergency disposal technology |
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2015
- 2015-03-31 CN CN201520190901.1U patent/CN204594655U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104697741A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-10 | 山东大学 | Wave simulating model testing device and method |
| CN106192870A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 河海大学 | A kind of wave simulating overflow device continuously |
| CN106248344A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-21 | 河海大学 | A kind of prototype experiment wave run-up analog |
| CN106314664A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 于光临 | Bicycle having braking kinetic energy recycling function |
| CN107727342A (en) * | 2017-11-11 | 2018-02-23 | 广州环保投资集团有限公司 | Wave load loading device and test method based on model groove |
| CN108978574A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-12-11 | 燕山大学 | It is a kind of to push away the wave maker for shaking combination |
| CN110411708A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-05 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of wave simulator and its operation method suitable for wave simulation test |
| CN110411708B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2024-03-08 | 安徽理工大学 | Wave generating device suitable for wave simulation test and operation method thereof |
| CN114506883A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Performance evaluation equipment and evaluation method for offshore chemical leakage emergency disposal technology |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150826 Termination date: 20160331 |