CN204592172U - A kind of speed changer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model embodiment discloses a kind of speed changer, comprise casing and be supported on input shaft, transmission shaft, driving shaft, a driven axle, driven two axles on casing, wherein: input shaft, transmission shaft, driving shaft three are parallel, a driven axle and driving shaft are positioned at same straight line, and driven two axles are vertical with driving shaft; Input shaft is installed slippingly shifting gear to engage with shift spur gear hard-wired on driven shaft, a driven axle and driving shaft can the clutch earth's axis to connection; Can be connected by bevel gear pair to clutch between driven two axles and driving shaft, these driven two axles can realize rotating and reverse.The utility model improves engineering driller complete machine and subsystem thereof or parts, can realize compound drilling, optimization system structure, improve the performance of improving product in Safety performance etc.

Description

A kind of speed changer

Technical field

The utility model relates to rig, particularly relates to a kind of engineering driller, subsystem or parts.

Background technique

Engineering driller is the rig of constructing for the large-diameter bored pile of the engineerings such as tall building, harbour, harbour, dam, electric power, bridge.General engineering driller operationally only creeps into, when running into comparatively hard lithosphere, as hard rock stratum such as cobble, limestone, granite, orientation is crept in change of just having to, or another its hole of brill, equipment effect is lower, is thus necessary to design a kind of new Combined project drill.A lot of subsystem of existing rig or parts are difficult to be directly used in impact, revolution Combined project drill: such as, transmission function is single, can not realize multichannel Power output and clockwise and anticlockwise designing requirement well; For another example, turntable structure is comparatively complicated, and reliability aspect is not ideal enough; And for example, system for winding engine cable is easy to be intertwined, and stop control apparatus response is comparatively slow, and Security aspect exists shortcoming; Etc..Because existing engineering driller exists above-mentioned all many-sided deficiencies, be necessary to be improved engineering driller and subsystem thereof or parts.

Model utility content

For the defect that prior art exists, the object of the utility model embodiment is to provide engineering driller complete machine, subsystem or parts, so that the performance of improving product at least in one aspect.

For solving above technical problem, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of speed changer, being applicable to can the Combined project drill of percussion drilling and rotary drilling, this project rig realizes percussion drilling by the winch be installed on chassis, rotary drilling is realized by the turntable be installed on chassis, this speed changer is arranged in the power transmission system of engineering driller, this speed changer comprises casing and is supported on the input shaft on casing, transmission shaft, driving shaft, a driven axle, driven two axles, wherein: input shaft, transmission shaft, driving shaft three is parallel, a driven axle and driving shaft are positioned at same straight line, driven two axles are vertical with driving shaft, input shaft is installed slippingly shifting gear to engage with shift spur gear hard-wired on driven shaft, a driven axle and driving shaft can the clutch earth's axis to connection, can be connected by bevel gear pair to clutch between driven two axles and driving shaft, these driven two axles can realize rotating and reverse.

Compared with prior art, the utility model engineering driller integrates revolution, percussion drilling technique, is conducive to raising equipment effect, its compact structure, rationally distributed, convenient operating maintenance.Adapt to this Combined project drill requirement, subsystem of the present utility model and component capabilities are also improved: 1, speed changer has two axle outputting powers, and wherein a road can forward and reverse output speed, can meet impact, rotary drilling requirement simultaneously; 2, turntable drives drilling rod work by bevel gear pair, and the structure realizing rotary drilling is comparatively simple, and performance is very reliable; 3, the winch rope winding device after improving and rope press device can reduce the problem that steel cable unclamps or is intertwined, and stop control apparatus can respond instruction of stopping in emergency fast, and this contributes to reducing security incident probability.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model engineering driller;

Fig. 2 is the plan view of the utility model speed changer;

Fig. 3 is the right elevation of the utility model speed changer;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the utility model speed changer;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the utility model driving shaft;

Fig. 6 is A-A view in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is B-B view in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is C-C view in Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the utility model shifting gear;

Figure 10 is D-D view in Fig. 9;

Figure 11 is the sectional view of the utility model turntable;

Figure 12 is the right elevation of the utility model turntable;

Figure 13 is the plan view of the utility model turntable;

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the utility model rope winding device;

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the utility model rope press device;

Figure 16 is the electrical schematic diagram of the utility model stop control apparatus;

Figure 17 is the electrical connection graph of the utility model stop control apparatus limit switch.

Embodiment

In order to understand know-why and the working procedure of the utility model embodiment better, come to be described in detail the utility model further below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.

The structure of Fig. 1-Figure 17 to the utility model engineering driller, subsystem or parts indicates, and identical label is wherein expressed as same parts.

See Fig. 1, the complete machine structure of the utility model engineering driller is shown.This project rig is collection revolution, percussion drilling technique is in the multifunctional and composite type engineering driller of one, whole borer system is by chassis, boring tower, major-minor winch, impact winch, turntable, power transmission system, pneumatic system, the composition such as electrical system and tool system, Fig. 1 identifies chassis 1, speed changer 2, retarder 3, small pulley 4, motor 5, base frame 6, turntable (assembly) 7, slide unit 8, oil hydraulic cylinder 9, impact winch 10, secondary winch 11, main winch 12, elevator handle 13, boring tower 14, boring tower sheave block 15, the parts such as backplate 16 and large belt wheel 17, other parts do not indicated can adopt known prior art and not launch to describe.Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, engineering driller parts and system are described.

Chassis 1 is made up of slide unit 8, lower seat, hydraulic jack 9, orifice plates etc., and slide unit 8 is slidably mounted on lower seat, and base frame 6 is fixed on slide unit 8, and main winch 12, secondary winch 11, impact winch 10 are installed on slide unit 8 by base frame 6.The head end of boring tower 14 is articulated with the boring tower bearing on the seat of 1 time, chassis, and oil cylinder 9 one end is connected with the orifice plates of slide unit 8, and the other end is connected with the orifice plates of boring tower 14, moves the landing with boring tower after making oil cylinder 9 can be used for manipulation slide unit 8.

Boring tower 14 structural type is " n " type, can be used for hanging the lifting means such as travelling block, water tap and lifter, and rising and falling of boring tower 14 is completed by oil cylinder 9.Be provided with water tap guiding groove and kelly post suspending device in boring tower 14, wherein guiding groove is used for water tap guiding, and post suspending device does not land for kelly during changing-over drilling rod.

The boring tower sheave block 15 of boring tower 14 tail end walked around by main winch 12, secondary winch 11, impact winch 10 steel cable, promoted the drilling tool on drilling rod by folding and unfolding steel cable.This main winch 12, secondary winch 11 are planetary winch, and braking planet wheel can be relied on to realize the lifting of drilling tool, realize thus impacting enhanced feature.Main winch 12, secondary winch 11, impact winch 10 and be provided with elevator handle 13, kelly and drilling tool landing and braking can be controlled by operation elevator handle 13.

Turntable 7 is fixed on slide unit 8, for driving kelly and drilling tool revolution.This turntable 7 is one-level conical gear drive, drives drilling rod work, realize rotary drilling thus by auger tooth, turntable, large small bushing (female union).

Power transmission system is made up of the parts such as motor 5, small pulley 4, large belt wheel 17, speed changer 2 and retarder 3, and the critical piece of above-mentioned power transmission system is positioned at base frame 6, and the periphery of base frame 6 arranges backplate 16 and protects.Retarder 3 carries out two grades of speed changes by double-sliding gear, can reduce rotating speed further, improve moment of torsion.Speed changer 2, for there being two axle one-level speed changers of three gear speed changes, can operating triple gear slippage and realize speed change.Speed changer 2 realizes forward and backward by two-way jaw clutch, is realized and winch clutch by unidirectional jaw clutch.

The line shaft of the motor 5 of power transmission system connects the rotating shaft of small pulley 4, and large belt wheel 17 is connected with small pulley 4 by belt (v belt), and the rotating shaft of large belt wheel 17 is connected with the transmission input shaft of speed changer 2.This speed changer 2 is one-in-and-two-out structure, and make power that two-way can be divided to export: the first via is divided into two transmission lines, it reaches main winch 12 and secondary winch 11 once gear, its two through sprocket wheel reach impact winch 10 to impact lifting; Second tunnel reaches turntable 7 through retarder 3, cardan shaft, drives kelly and drilling tool rotary drilling.

The air compressor delivery pressure gas of pneumatic system, transports to Pneumatic controlled box by air rubber capsule, then controls through control valve, and point two-way reaches two air clutch impacting winch 10, completes to impact to promote and landing.About pneumatic system, existing engineering driller structure can be continued to use, no longer illustrate.

Electrical system comprises: stop control apparatus, can control motor 5 and starts and close; Power supply control apparatus, can be pneumatic system and provides power supply; Maneuver control device, can control manipulating box and perform deliberate action.The utility model emphasis is optimized design to stop control apparatus in electrical system, can improve the Safety performance of complete machine, and this aspects hereinafter will launch to introduce in detail.

In tool system, form rotary drilling tool system by drilling rod, weight, drag bit, fork etc. in travelling block, water tap, kelly, hole; Percussion drilling tool system is formed by drilling rod, impact scum pipe, drill hammer, aperture steering tool, fork etc. in travelling block, water tap, hole.Parts in the utility model tool system can continue to use existing structure, launch explanation no longer one by one.

Above-mentioned engineering driller integrates revolution, percussion drilling technique, can be used for the 4th century coating, can be used for the ground consisting of hard rock such as cobble, limestone, granite during percussion drilling when it creeps into rotation of rotary table.This project drill configuration is simple, compact, and various operating grip connection and reasonable arrangement, simple to operate, easy to use with maintenance.

Further; the utility model emphasis is to speed changer 2 and driving shaft thereof and shifting gear; the structure of rope winding device, rope press device and the stop control apparatus of turntable 7, elevator unit (main winch 12, secondary winch 11, impact winch 10) is optimized design, specifically refers to further describing hereafter.

See Fig. 2-Fig. 4, the structure of the utility model speed changer is shown.This speed changer 2 comprises casing and is supported on transmission input shaft (abbreviation input shaft) 210, variator axle (abbreviation transmission shaft) 220, transmission drive shaft (abbreviation driving shaft) 230, the driven axle of speed changer (being called for short a driven axle) 240, driven two axles of speed changer (being called for short driven two axles) 250 on casing, wherein: input shaft 210, transmission shaft 220, driving shaft 230 three are parallel, a driven axle 240 is positioned at same straight line with driving shaft 230, and driven two axles 250 are vertical with driving shaft 230; Be connected by shifting gear pair between input shaft 210 with driven shaft 220, be connected by driving gear pair between driven shaft 220 with driving shaft 230, axially connect between a driven axle 240 and driving shaft 230, connected by bevel gear pair between driven two axles 250 and driving shaft 230.Like this, by selecting the shifting gear of different gear secondary, a driven axle 240 and driven two axles 250 speed change relative to input shaft 210 can be realized.

Especially, input shaft 210 is installed slippingly shifting gear and engage with shift spur gear hard-wired on driven shaft 220, these shifting gears can form nest, so that simplified structure.The utility model embodiment comprises three shifting gears, be respectively spur gear 2171, spur gear 2172, spur gear 2173, the spur gear of three gears can make as a whole triple gear, as long as just can be realized the shift of speed changer by a shift operating handle 271 like this.

In addition, a driven axle 240 and driving shaft 230 can the clutch earth's axis to connection, unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch is specifically set between both spindle noses and realizes.Namely unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch active semiaxis 2391 is installed at the spindle nose of driving shaft 230, at the spindle nose of a driven axle 240, unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch driven half shaft 241 is installed, make two unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch semiaxis combine and be separated by principal and subordinate's clutch lever 273, thus to realize between a driven axle 240 and driving shaft 230 can the clutch earth's axis to connection.Especially, in order to keep reliably axially connecting between a driven axle 240 and driving shaft 230, unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch initiatively semiaxis 2391 install centering block 2392 additional, centering rod is set at the spindle nose of a driven axle 240 simultaneously, by being inserted into by centering rod in the registration holes of centering block 2392, a driven axle 240 and driving shaft 230 centering can be realized easily.

In addition, can be connected by bevel gear pair to clutch between driven two axles 240 and driving shaft 230, driven two axles 240 can realize rotating and reverse simultaneously.The bevel gear (driven two shaft bevel gears) 257 that specifically installation one is less on driven two axles 250, driving shaft 230 is installed opposite to each other a pair larger bevel gear, i.e. forward bevel gear (driving shaft bevel gear one) 2381, reverse bevel gear (driving shaft bevel gear two) 2382, two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390 is set between bevel gear 2381 and bevel gear 2382, by operating forward and reverse clutch lever 272, two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390 is combined (being separated with bevel gear 2382) with bevel gear 2381, or combine with bevel gear 2382 (being separated with forward bevel gear 2381), or with bevel gear 2381, bevel gear 2382 does not all combine (being separated with two bevel gears), the bevel gear 257 on driven two axles 250 is so just made optionally to realize and bevel gear 2381, bevel gear 2382 engages, make driven two axles 250 realize forward thus to export, reverse output or not output speed.

The speed changer 2 of the utility model embodiment has compact structure, accurate positioning, good airproof performance, the advantage such as easy to operate, further illustrates as follows.

As shown in figs 2-4, casing to comprise at the bottom of case 261 and case lid 262.At the bottom of case, 261 arrange some axial troughs and come location and installation input shaft 210, transmission shaft 220, driving shaft 230, a driven axle 240, driven two axles 250; After these axles installing respective gears, clutch or other annex, on the axial trough of positioning supports 261 sidewalls at the bottom of case, form transmissions body.Case lid 262 is arranged suspension ring 2671,2672 etc., mould assembling can be facilitated, by the bottom of case lid 262 and case 261 and after binding site locating stud 265 locates, then use cover parting bolt 268, clamping bolt 264 etc. by case lid 262 and 261 mould assembling at the bottom of case, form speed changer complete machine.Speed changer complete machine can be loaded on the place of needs, and a kind of means of fixation is: 261 will to be fixed on base frame or other fixed component at the bottom of case by stone bolt 263.

As shown in figs 2-4, at the bottom of case, 261 side bottom arrange lubricant oil fuel outlet, block at ordinary times, unclamp oil seal washer 292, plug cock 293 when draining the oil with oil seal washer 292, plug cock 293.At the bottom of case, 261 sides arrange lubricant oil inspection socket above lubricant oil fuel outlet, and usual usable oils scale 291 checks lubricant oil situation, to ensure that speed changer 2 has good lubrication state.The top of case lid 262 arranges breather 280, plays heat radiation decompression.Breather 280 is arranged peep hole 281, be convenient to the operation conditions checking speed changer 2.

In the utility model embodiment, shifting gear on operation input shaft 210 connects shift operating handle 271, two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390 on driving shaft 230 connects forward and reverse clutch lever 272, on a driven axle 240, unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch driven half shaft 241 connects principal and subordinate's clutch lever 273, and these operating handles all expose to the case lid 262 of speed changer 2.Stir these operating handles, correspondingly can realize the shift of speed changer 2, the Power output of forward and backward on the Power output of a driven axle 240 and driven two axles 250.Be understandable that, the positioning device on these operating handles is provided with Returnning spring, to avoid, because the reasons such as vibration make operating handle trip stop, specifically referring to known prior art, repeating no more.

In the utility model embodiment, realize speed changing function by input shaft 210, transmission shaft 220, driving shaft 230, a driven axle 240, driven two axles 250 and transmission part above.Obviously, the layout of each axle, the selection of transmission part and linkage structure are very crucial.Please simultaneously see Fig. 2-Fig. 4, to further describe the associated components on the mounting type of input shaft 210, transmission shaft 220, driving shaft 230, a driven axle 240, driven two axles 250 and each axle.

In the utility model embodiment, input shaft 210, transmission shaft 220, driving shaft 230 three are parallel, and a driven axle 240 is positioned at same straight line with driving shaft 230, and driven two axles 250 are vertical with driving shaft 230, each axle upper-part and mounting type as follows.

Input shaft 210 upper-part comprises axle sleeve 211, seal ring 212, bearing cap 2131,2132, adjustment pad 2141,2142, cylinder roller bearing 2151,2152, flinger ring 2161,2162, the spur gear 2171,2172,2173 of shift.The spur gear 2171,2172,2173 for shift is installed at the middle part of input shaft 210 slippingly, the speed change spur gear of these three gears is triple gear, after the shift fork of shift operating handle 271 is inserted into the inserted part of triple gear, triple gear can along the axial slip of input shaft 210; Input shaft 210 first end to be supported at the bottom of case on 261 sidewalls input axial troughs by bearing 2151, and bearing 2151 bearing cap 2131 comes axial limiting, shutoff, and at the bottom of bearing cap 2131 and case, between 261, relative position adjusts pad 2141 and adjusts; Input shaft 210 second end to be supported at the bottom of case on 261 sidewalls input axial troughs by bearing 2152, and bearing 2152 bearing cap 2132 comes axial limiting, shutoff, and at the bottom of bearing cap 2132 and case, between 261, relative position adjusts pad 2142 and adjusts.Stretch in casing 261 outside the first end of this input shaft 210 as power incoming end, large belt wheel or other power-transmitting unit can be connected; This input shaft 210 first end installs axle sleeve 211 between termination and bearing 2151, and one end of this axle sleeve 211 abuts bearing 2151, the locating stud axial limiting of the other end by inserting in input shaft 210 pin-and-hole.This structure of input shaft 210, parts are easy for installation, and location is reliable.In order to prevent leakage of oil, at the bottom of the location shaft shoulder of input shaft 210 first end and case, between 216 inwalls, flinger ring 2161 is set, second end of input shaft 210 is located at the bottom of the shaft shoulder and case and is arranged flinger ring 2162 between 261 inwalls, each flinger ring touch box inside wall, both effectively can prevent leakage of oil, also play position-limiting action simultaneously.In addition, axle sleeve 211 arranges seal ring 212, such good sealing effect with the junction plane of bearing cap 2131, is conducive to the superperformance keeping speed changer 2.

Transmission shaft 220 upper-part comprise bearing cap 2211,2212, adjustment pad 2221,2222, cylinder roller bearing 2231,2232, flinger ring 2241,2242, key 225, spur gear 2261,2262,2263,2264.The middle part fixed installation of transmission shaft 220 is used for the spur gear 2261,2262,2263 of shift, and they engage with the spur gear 2171,2172,2173 on input shaft with may correspond to, and realize rotating speed shift; The first end fixed installation of transmission shaft 220 is used for the spur gear 2264 of transmission, the rotating speed of input shaft 210 is driven to driving shaft 230.Transmission shaft 220 first end is supported on 261 sidewall transmission axial troughs at the bottom of case by bearing 2231, and bearing 2231 bearing cap 2211 comes axial limiting, shutoff, and at the bottom of bearing cap 2211 and case, between 261, relative position adjusts pad 2221 and adjusts; Transmission shaft 220 second end is supported on 261 sidewall transmission axial troughs at the bottom of case by bearing 2232, and bearing 2232 bearing cap 2212 comes axial limiting, shutoff, and at the bottom of bearing cap 2212 and case, between 261, relative position adjusts pad 2222 and adjusts; The position of transmission shaft 220 between adjacent gear is installed axle sleeve 2271,2272,2273 respectively and is carried out spacing; Like this, slippage can not be produced between spur gear 2261,2262,2263,2264.Transmission shaft 220 first end arranges flinger ring 2241 between bearing 2241 and spur gear 2264, transmission shaft 220 second end arranges flinger ring 2242 between bearing 2242 and the transmission shaft 220 second end shaft shoulder, each flinger ring touch box inside wall, while playing position-limiting action, effectively can also prevent leakage of oil.

Driving shaft 230 upper-part comprises bearing cap 231, adjustment pad 232, cylinder roller bearing 2330,2331, spherical roller bearing 2332,2333,2334,2335, flinger ring 234, key 225, spur gear 236, axle sleeve 2371,2372,2373,2374,2375,2376, bevel gear 2381,2382, two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390, unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch 2391 and unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch centering block 2392.Spur gear 236 is positioned the first end of driving shaft 230 by key 235 circumference, and this spur gear 236 engages with spur gear 2264 on transmission shaft 220; Bevel gear 2381 is installed on the middle part of driving shaft 230 by bearing 2332,2333, bevel gear 2382 is installed on the middle part of driving shaft 230 by bearing 2334,2335, wherein the flank of tooth of bevel gear 2381 and bevel gear 2382 is arranged in opposite directions, and two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390 installed slippingly by driving shaft 230 between bevel gear 2381 and bevel gear 2382, the clutch tooth of this two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390 can combine with the end face clutch tooth of the end face clutch tooth of bevel gear 2381 or bevel gear 2382.The first end of driving shaft 230 is supported in 261 sidewalls at the bottom of case initiatively on axial troughs by bearing 2331, and bearing 2231 bearing cap 231 comes axial limiting, shutoff, and at the bottom of bearing cap 231 and case, between 261, relative position adjusts pad 232 and adjusts; Second end of driving shaft 230 is supported on the driving shaft pedestal 2301 that is connected with 261 diapires at the bottom of case by bearing 2330, the termination of this driving shaft 230 second end fixedly mounts unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch initiatively semiaxis 2391, this unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch active semiaxis 2391 fixes centering block 2392, to facilitate the centering rod centering with driven axle 240 termination; Driving shaft 230 spur gear 2231, bearing 2332,2333, two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390, bearing 2334,2335,2230, unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch initiatively semiaxis 2391 adjacent between to arrange axle sleeve 2371,2372,2373,2374,2375,2376,2378 respectively spacing to carry out, such spur gear 236, between bevel gear 2381 and bevel gear 2382, can not slippage be produced.Driving shaft 230 first end arranges flinger ring 234 between bearing 2331 and spur gear 236, this flinger ring 234 touch box inside wall, playing position-limiting action to bearing 2331 and spur gear 236 simultaneously, the leakage of oil of driving shaft 230 support zone can be prevented preferably.

Driven axle 240 upper-part comprises unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch driven half shaft 241, flinger ring 242, cylinder roller bearing 2431,2432, axle sleeve 234, adjustment pad 235, bearing cap 246, seal ring 247.The middle part of a driven axle 240 is supported on driven two axial troughs of 261 sidewalls at the bottom of case by bearing 2431,2432 slippingly, bearing 2432 bearing cap 246 comes axial limiting, shutoff, and at the bottom of bearing cap 246 and case, between 261, relative position adjusts pad 245 and adjusts; Arranging axle sleeve 244 between bearing 2431,2432 carries out spacing, makes these two bearings to produce axial slip, and being supported on a driven axle 240 on bearing 2431,2432 then can slippage within the specific limits; The first end of a driven axle 240 arranges unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch driven half shaft 241, to be combined with the unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch active semiaxis 2391 of driving shaft 230 second end termination, this unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch active semiaxis 2391 arranges centering block 2392, to facilitate the centering rod successfully Intercalation of driven axle 240 termination; The casing of speed changer 2 is stretched in, so that outputting power outside second end of a driven axle 240.A driven axle 240 arranges seal ring 247 at the junction plane with bearing cap 246, to ensure good sealing effect.In addition, a driven axle 240 arranges flinger ring 234 between bearing 2432 and casing, and this flinger ring 234 touch box inside wall, to prevent a driven axle 240 support zone leakage of oil.

Driven two axle 250 upper-parts comprise bearing cap 252, seal ring 251, adjustment pad 253, cylinder roller bearing 2541 and 2542, flinger ring 255, key 256, bevel gear 257 and axle bumper plate 258.The middle part of driven two axles 240 is supported on driven two axial troughs of 261 sidewalls at the bottom of case by bearing 2541,2542, and bearing 2542 bearing cap 252 comes axial limiting, shutoff sidewall, and at the bottom of bearing cap 252 and case, between 261, relative position adjusts pad 253 and adjusts.The first end of driven two axles 250 is with 256 circumferential location and installation bevel gears 257, the shaft pertaining baffle plate 258 that the inner side of bevel gear 257 is anchored on driven two axle 250 first ends in order to screw 259 etc. carries out axially locating, this bevel gear 257, under the effect of clockwise and anticlockwise clutch lever 272, can engage with bevel gear 2381 on driving shaft 230 or bevel gear 2382; The casing of speed changer 2 is stretched in, so that outputting power outside second end of driven two axles 250.Driven two axles 250 arrange seal ring 251 at the junction plane with bearing cap 252, to ensure good sealing effect.In addition, driven two axles 250 arrange flinger ring 255 between bearing 2542 and bevel gear 257 end face, and this flinger ring 255 is fitted with cabinet wall connecting part, while playing position-limiting action, can prevent driven two axle 250 support zone leakage of oils.

The working method of above-mentioned speed changer 2 is: pull shift operating handle 271, to make on input shaft 210 shifting gear slide, to certain of input shaft 210 and transmission shaft 220 to the engagement of shifting gear pair; Pull principal and subordinate's clutch lever 273, unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch driven half shaft 241 is made to drive a driven axle 240 to slide, after unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch driven half shaft 241 and unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch active semiaxis 2391 are combined, a driven axle 240 is combined as a whole with driving shaft 230; Pull forward and reverse clutch lever 272, two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390 is engaged with bevel gear 2381 or bevel gear 2382, the bevel gear 257 on driven like this two axles 250 engages with the bevel gear 2381 on driving shaft 230 or bevel gear 2382.After motor start, the input shaft 210 that its power transports to speed changer 2 is somebody's turn to do, the rotating speed of input shaft 210 through shifting gear auxiliary driving to transmission shaft 220, the rotating speed of this transmission shaft 220 is spur gear 236 transmission on spur gear 2264 and driving shaft 230 on the driven shaft 220 of engagement, driving shaft 230 is rotated, a road rotating speed exports through a driven axle 240 thus, and another road rotating speed exports through driven two axles 250.

In the utility model embodiment, the torque that the driving shaft 230 of speed changer 2 bears, moment of flexure are maximum, are therefore optimized design to it, to adapt to the requirement of mechanical property preferably; Shifting gear 2171,2172,2173 is for forming triple gear, and structure comparison is compact.Below the structure of driving shaft 230 and triple gear is described.

Referring to Fig. 5 ~ Fig. 8, is the structural representation of the utility model driving shaft.This driving shaft 230 comprises successively: the first shaft part 230-1 installing support cylinder roller bearing 2331, second shaft part 230-2 of transmission spur gear 236 is installed, the three shaft part 230-3 of transmission with hammer gear 2381 is installed, 4th shaft part 230-4 of the two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390 of clutch is installed, 5th shaft part 230-5 of the isolation left and right parts shaft shoulder, the six shaft part 230-6 of transmission with hammer gear 2382 is installed, 7th shaft part 230-7 of support cylinder roller bearing 2330 is installed and the eight shaft part 230-8 of clutch with unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch active semiaxis 2391 is installed, wherein the first shaft part 230-1, second shaft part 230-2, 3rd shaft part 230-3, 4th shaft part 230-4, the external diameter of the 5th shaft part 230-4 increases successively, 5th shaft part 230-5, 6th shaft part 230-6, 7th shaft part 230-7, the external diameter of the 8th shaft part 230-8 reduces successively.The mechanical property of this driving shaft 230 in tensile strength, bending fatigue limit, fatigue limit for torsion, stress at rest allowable, fatigue stress allowable etc. is better, can meet the requirement of the utility model embodiment speed changer.

Especially, the second shaft part 230-2 offers a long-round-shape pin-and-hole 230-21, carry out axially locating spur gear 236 by key.8th shaft part 230-8 offers two long-round-shape pin-and-hole 230-81, carry out the unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch of axially locating initiatively semiaxis 2391 by double bond; 4th shaft part 230-4 offers chute 230-41, and in order to install two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390 slippingly, this two-way rectangle jaw clutch 2390 is combined with bevel gear 2381 or bevel gear 2382.Like this, this driving shaft can positioning transmission parts well.

Refer to Fig. 9 ~ Figure 10, the structure of the utility model embodiment shifting gear is shown.This triple gear comprises gear axis body 2177, this gear axis body 2177 outer circumferential face is formed the external tooth of three groups of specifications, as the shift spur gear 2172 of spur gear 2171, two gear of one gear and the spur gear 2173 of three gears; Gear axis body 2177 axially offers the gear shaft holes 2176 installing input shaft 210, gear shaft holes 2176 circumferential surface is evenly offered supporting with input shaft 210 outer circumferential face shape axis flower groove 21761, make this triple gear can along the slippage reposefully of input shaft 210 direction; Form the first gear axis body neck 2174 between spur gear 2171 and spur gear 2172, these the first gear axis body neck 2174 both sides have step surface 21741 and 21742; The second gear axis body neck 2175 is formed between spur gear 2172 and spur gear 2173; When shift operating handle 271 is inserted into the first gear axis body neck 2174 or the second gear axis body neck 2175, triple gear slippage can be made, engage with certain spur gear on driven shaft 220 thus, finally realize shift.

In addition, the utility model is also optimized design to the turntable 7 of engineering driller, more specifically described as follows.

Simultaneously see Figure 11-Figure 13, the structure of the utility model embodiment turntable is shown.This turntable 7 comprises rotating disk assembly 715, disk shell 713, rotating disk pedestal 725: rotating disk assembly 715 has hollow shaft, the card of rotating disk assembly 715 is installed in order to the large bushing 716 of jointed rod, small bushing 717 in the hollow shaft of rotating disk assembly 715 by bushing connecting plate 729, wherein large bushing 716 is installed on large bushing suspension ring 719, small bushing 717 and installs small bushing suspension ring 718; The disk shell 713 with rotating disk suspension ring 711 is linked into an integrated entity by fastening pieces such as connecting plate 722, connecting plate 723, bolts with rotating disk pedestal 725, is configured with the rotary table base of hollow cavity; The hollow shaft of rotating disk assembly 715 loads in the hollow cavity of rotary table base; Between rotating disk assembly 715 and disk shell 713, between rotating disk assembly 715 and rotating disk pedestal 725, ball bearing 721 is installed respectively, rotating disk assembly 715 under the lifting of disk shell 713, can be rotated in the hollow shaft of rotating disk pedestal 725.

As shown in figures 11-13, the rotating disk assembly 715 of the utility model embodiment carrys out transmission by bevel gear, specifically: the first end of rotating disk input shaft 73 connects speed changer, retarder or other power transmission system output shaft by coupling semiaxis 71, second end of rotating disk input shaft 73 installs bevel pinion (rotating disk input shaft bevel gear) 714, the hollow shaft of rotating disk assembly 715 is installed bevel gear wheel (rotating disk bevel gear) 720, this bevel gear wheel 720 is meshed with bevel pinion 714, when rotating disk input shaft 73 rotates, rotating disk assembly 715 is driven to rotate.

As shown in figures 11-13, the concrete mounting type of rotating disk input shaft 73 is: install a set of cups 78 in the rotating disk input shaft passage of disk shell 713, rotating disk input shaft 73 is supported on this set of cups 78 by selfaligning roller bearing 77 and selfaligning roller bearing 712; An end face of selfaligning roller bearing 77 abuts the location shaft shoulder of rotating disk input shaft 73, and another end face of selfaligning roller bearing 77 abuts the bearing cap (rotating disk bearing cover, input shaft) 76 that disk shell 713 is installed; An end face of selfaligning roller bearing 712 abuts the location shaft shoulder of rotating disk input shaft 73, another end face of selfaligning roller bearing 712 abuts the bevel pinion 714 that rotating disk input shaft 73 is installed, and this bevel pinion 714 is spacing with the spindle nose back-up ring that rotating disk input shaft 73 second end termination is installed (rotating disk input shaft spindle nose back-up ring) 72; Axle sleeve (rotating disk input shaft axle sleeve) 74 is installed between coupling semiaxis 71 coupling semiaxis 71 and selfaligning roller bearing 777, this axle sleeve 74 coordinates with the spindle nose back-up ring 72 on rotating disk input shaft 73 first end termination, carries out axial limiting to coupling semiaxis 71.

In the utility model embodiment, arrange between a set of cups 78 and disk shell and adjust pad 79, arrange between bearing cap 76 and a set of cups 78 and adjust pad 728 to adjust mounting point.The junction plane sealings such as seal ring 724,726 of disk shell 713 and rotating disk pedestal 725, seal ring 75 is set between bearing cap 76 and axle sleeve 74, seal ring 710 is set between a set of cups 78 and disk shell 713, makes whole turntable have good sealing effect like this.

The utility model is optimized design to elevator unit (comprise main winch 12, secondary winch 11, impact winch 10), mainly controls to be optimized further description to rope winding device, rope press device and arresting gear as follows.

Without loss of generality, be described for main winch 12 below.Secondary winch 11, impact winch 10 also can adopt similar structure.Do not launch to describe.

See Figure 14, the utility model rope winding device is shown.This rope winding device can be used for main winch 12, secondary winch 11, impact winch 10, concrete structure is, steel cable 122 is wound in the lifting drum 121 of main winch 12 by following manner, boring tower sheave block (static pulley group) 15 on boring tower 14 and drilling tool sheave block (running block) 18: the first end of steel cable 122 is around in the first end of lifting drum 121 and is fixed on the first pressure rope position 121a, second end of steel cable 122 is around in the second end of lifting drum 121 and is fixed on lifting drum 121 second pressure rope position 121d, steel cable 122 counterclockwise lays out from lifting drum 121 first conductor rope position 121b, walk around the first drilling tool pulley 181 successively counterclockwise, first boring tower pulley 151, second drilling tool pulley 182, second boring tower pulley 152, walk around the 3rd drilling tool pulley 183 successively clockwise again, 3rd boring tower pulley 153, after 4th boring tower pulley 184, another mistake hour hands wraparound lifting drum 121 second conductor rope position 121c.Steel cable 122 adopts this canoe, can reduce the probability of occurrence that steel cable was wound around, unclamped etc. bad phenomenon.

See Figure 15, the utility model rope press device is shown.This rope press device comprises steel cable pressing plate 123, the lower surface of steel cable pressing plate 123 arranges steel cable indent 1231, this steel cable pressing plate 111 is anchored in the screw 1212 of lifting drum body 121 by bolt 124, make steel cable 122 be reliably fixed on lifting drum 121 and can not deviate from, increase safety coefficient thus.Steel cable 122 after pressure rope can reel by the steel cable guide groove 1211 on lifting drum 121, steel cable 122 is wound around more orderly.

The utility model improves engineering driller electrical system; one of them may occur offside situation at upper limit for the major and minor winch of engineering driller and impact winch; improve efficiently the stop control apparatus of engineering driller, further illustrate as follows.

Simultaneously see Figure 16-Figure 17, the circuit structure of the utility model stop control apparatus is shown.This stop control apparatus can be used for engineering driller (as major and minor winch and impact winch), also can be used for the apparatus for controlling of lifting of other type, its electrical structure is: in the control loop of motor M 01, adds a contactor KM01 between motor protective circuit breaker QF01 and frequency variator VF01; Upper the next limit switch SQ01, SQ02 are connected in series in the control loop of this contactor KM01.Herein; the terminal 1-6 of motor protective circuit breaker QF01; A1, A2 (three groups of terminals 1,2) of contactor KM01; terminal R, S, T, V, W, PE of frequency variator VF01; the terminal 11,12 of limit switch SQ01, SQ02; and the terminal 13,14 of spacing unlock key knob SB01 is connected according to Figure 16 with Figure 17, no longer specifically launches explanation.

After limit switch SQ01 or SQ02 is triggered, directly cut off the coil power of contactor KM01, contactor KM01 discharges, and cuts off the power supply in frequency variator VF01 loop thus, thus stops the operation of motor M 01 fast; After this, can be unlocked by rotary stopper unlock key knob SB01.This control mode, decrease the medium tache of process limit signal, time fault is occurred, motor can stop at once, avoids the damage of equipment and the injures and deaths of personnel.

Although the utility model with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is not for limiting the utility model; any those skilled in the art are not departing from spirit and scope of the present utility model; can make possible variation and amendment, the scope that therefore protection domain of the present utility model should define with the utility model claim is as the criterion.

Claims (5)

1. a speed changer, being applicable to can the Combined project drill of percussion drilling and rotary drilling, this project rig realizes percussion drilling by the winch be installed on chassis, rotary drilling is realized by the turntable be installed on chassis, this speed changer is arranged in the power transmission system of engineering driller, it is characterized in that, this speed changer comprises casing and is supported on the input shaft on casing, transmission shaft, driving shaft, a driven axle, driven two axles, wherein: input shaft, transmission shaft, driving shaft three is parallel, a driven axle and driving shaft are positioned at same straight line, driven two axles are vertical with driving shaft, input shaft is installed slippingly shifting gear to engage with shift spur gear hard-wired on driven shaft, a driven axle and driving shaft can the clutch earth's axis to connection, can be connected by bevel gear pair to clutch between driven two axles and driving shaft, these driven two axles can realize rotating and reverse.

2. speed changer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, shifting gear comprises three shift spur gears, and the shift spur gear of three gears forms overall triple gear, and this triple gear realizes the shift of speed changer by operation shift operating handle.

3. speed changer as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the spindle nose of driving shaft installs unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch active semiaxis, the spindle nose of a driven axle installs unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch driven half shaft, makes two unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch semiaxis combine and be separated by principal and subordinate's clutch lever.

4. speed changer as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, driven two axles install driven shaft bevel gear, driving shaft installs driving shaft bevel gear one, driving shaft bevel gear two opposite to each other, two-way rectangle jaw clutch being set between driving shaft bevel gear one and driving shaft bevel gear two, making one in two-way rectangle jaw clutch driving shaft bevel gear one and driving shaft bevel gear two combine or all do not combine by operating forward and reverse clutch lever.

5. speed changer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, shift spur gear on input shaft connects shift operating handle, on a driven axle, unidirectional rectangle jaw clutch driven half shaft connects principal and subordinate's clutch lever, two-way rectangle jaw clutch on driving shaft connects forward and reverse clutch lever, and shift operating handle, principal and subordinate's clutch lever, forward and reverse clutch lever all expose to the case lid of speed changer.