CN2045475U - Distometer of direct-aim shooting imitator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a distance measuring device of a direct-aim shooting simulator used for a contractible floor which is horizontal basically. The utility model comprises a supporting frame, a distance measuring box, a retarding mechanism, a cam mechanism, a driving mechanism, a driven mechanism, an optics telescope device, a distance signal output unit and a display device and can continuously measure the momentary cannon eye distance of remotely controlled objects whose speed and direction are continually changed on the contractible floor (including land and water surfaces). The utility model has the advantages of high precision, simple device, high precision, convenient operation and high reliability and can be matched with direct-aim shooting simulator which can simultaneously simulate the bending trajectory and flying time of cannon balls on the contractible floor.

Description

Distometer of direct-aim shooting imitator

The utility model relates to range unit, particularly a kind of range unit that dwindles the simulator of direct aiming shoot on the place that is used for basic horizontal.

Direct aiming shoot is direct fire, is the important means that cannon is eliminated (comprising terrestrial gun, recoilless gun, tank gun, coast gun, boat ship big gun) ground, surface moving target.If only adopt the ball firing training gunner, it is worth expensive, and tissue is complicated, and Gu Geguo generally adopts simulator of direct aiming shoot to replace ball firing training.Adopt the simulator of direct aiming shoot training can be divided on the actual range and dwindle on the place two kinds by its use occasion.When using on actual range, because the place is the same with ball firing big, organize more complicated, it is less to implement chance, and therefore, the training more than 98% is to carry out on the place that dwindles.

With the destroy enemy tanks is example, abroad dwindle carry out on the place direct aiming shoot simulated training all be at indoor laser to the shooting of the image of the tank in the screen, but this simulator involves great expense, and only is applicable to a small amount of training base and military school, can not be in army's large-scale popularization.

The domestic simulator of direct aiming shoot overwhelming majority of development voluntarily carries out simulated gunnery to the tank target that dwindles by same ratio dwindling on the place, wherein, the high trajectory and the flight time of analog cartridge simultaneously that simulated performance is best, promptly utilize one to change laser instrument or the semi-automatic rifle that carries out pitch rotation of controlling from (cannon range-to-go) by the big gun eye-distance, make laser or rifle bullet different big gun eye-distances from the point of impact all meet the point of impact of shell high trajectory, utilize a RC delay circuit of being controlled from variation by the big gun eye-distance simultaneously, to postpone the ejaculation time of laser or rifle bullet, make the time that arrives target from the percussion lock of percussion breech block to laser or bullet equal shell and fly this big gun eye-distance, to simulate different big gun eye-distances from the last different shell flight time from required time.

Realize the accurate simulation of above-mentioned two aspects, must be continuously to the simulator of direct aiming shoot input with target line and then the instantaneous big gun eye-distance that constantly changes from.Therefore, can be continuously, the big gun eye-distance of accurately measuring and import to simulator each moment is from being the precision of this simulator of direct aiming shoot of raising and the key of performance.

Up to the present, dwindle on the place measure and to above-mentioned simulator of direct aiming shoot import instantaneous big gun eye-distance from method have three kinds:

First kind is utilized a cover and the synchronous operated geometric modelling device of tank target, automatically the air line distance of tank target motion is converted into the big gun eye-distance from, input simulator.This input mode precision height, and be automatically, but it only allows the straightaway of tank target, and the track of advancing is fixed, and motion state is too stiff, differs very fortune with realism.

Second kind is earlier different big gun eye-distances to be set from sign on the place that dwindles, and hauls the motion of tank target by a gunner, simultaneously according to surface mark range estimation big gun eye-distance from, and pass to the other manipulation hand of simulator, again by handling the hand input simulator with telephone set.This input mode intermediate link is too much, input be not present range just, and be again the eye estimate distance, thereby error is too big.

The third is to adopt the radio tank target as moving target, be equipped with on the target by the certain hour buzzer of sounding at interval, according to sound pass on the simulator the receiver required time by computer calculate determine the big gun eye-distance from and input simulator synchronously.The advantage of this method is the transmission range automation, but its shortcoming is exactly a range accuracy does not just reach requirement theoretically, because sound propagation velocity is not a definite value, but to be subjected to the influence of temperature and wind direction, as calculated, only by temperature change under normal conditions the range error that sonic velocity change caused that (± 20 ℃) cause just reach range finding from 3.6%, the maximum that has surpassed the employed optical ranging machine of ball firing allows range error--the 2-3% that institute finds range and differs from.Here also do not comprise the influence of wind and the error that sound is accepted system and each device of simulator.In addition, simulator also is subject to other sound interference, causes simulator to produce misoperation.Facts have proved that this device of sound ranging that utilizes does not reach requirement, fall through at all on function.

The purpose of this utility model is: for the above-mentioned simulator of direct aiming shoot that dwindles on the place provide a kind of big gun eye-distance of the speed of a ship or plane, the changeable moving target in course accurately being measured its moment from and also can be at an easy rate with should moment the big gun eye-distance from synchronously continuously, the range unit of input simulator exactly.This range unit must be simple in structure, light and handy in addition, uses easy to operate, dependable performance, with low cost, be convenient to popularization.

Technical solution of the present utility model is: a kind of range unit that dwindles the simulator of direct aiming shoot on the place that is used for basic horizontal comprises:

One range finding box support, one can be installed in the range finding box at range finding box support top with horizontally rotating; Wherein, also comprise: one is installed in anterior reducing gear in the range finding box; One is installed in the driving mechanism of the outer and described reducing gear interlock of range finding box; One is installed in the synchronous output block of distance signal that the range finding box is outer and reducing gear links; One is installed in the distance display device that links with described reducing gear on the range finding box; One is installed in the cam mechanism of interior middle part of range finding box and the interlock of described reducing gear; One is installed in the follower of interior rear portion of range finding box and the interlock of described cam mechanism; One is installed in the optics telescopic system of the outer and described follower interlock of range finding box.

Adopt range unit of the present utility model, can basic horizontal dwindle on the place to the speed of a ship or plane, the changeable moving target (as the radio tank target that dwindles by same ratio) in course accurately measure its moment the big gun eye-distance from, and can also be easily with should moment the big gun eye-distance import simulator of direct aiming shoot continuously, exactly from synchronously, thereby solved this problem that never has fine solution for a long time satisfactorily.Other advantages of the present utility model are that this range unit structure is very simple, and are light and handy, and the range accuracy height uses easy to operately, and dependable performance is convenient in the training base, and military school particularly army promotes the use of.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe most preferred embodiment of the present utility model in detail.

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional schematic of cutting open along A-A line among Fig. 3, illustrative an embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic of cutting open along B-B line among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is that schematic diagram is looked on a left side embodiment illustrated in fig. 1;

Fig. 4 illustrative the variation of part-structure among Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional schematic of cutting open along C-C line among Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 illustrative another kind of reducing gear;

Fig. 7 illustrative another kind of cam mechanism and another kind of follower;

Fig. 8 illustrative the operation principle of range unit of the present utility model.

Referring to Fig. 1,2 and 3, a kind of range unit 1 that dwindles simulator of direct aiming shoot on the place comprises: a range finding box support 2, this support can utilize existing equipment--the calibration device tripod, tripod 2 tops have ball and socket base 3; One vertical pivot 4, the ball journal 5 of its underpart is fixed by ball and socket base 3 obvolvents, and vertical pivot 4 tops rotatably are with vertical pivot cover 7, and vertical pivot overlaps 7 left-external sides and fixes a handle 8, is convenient to promote vertical pivot cover 7 and does to horizontally rotate around vertical pivot 4, and vertical pivot overlaps 7 tops chain-wales 9; One range finding box 10, its lower wall 11 is screwed at vertical pivot and overlaps on the 7 top chain-wales 9; A worm screw 12 has rotatably vertically been installed on anterior right side in range finding box 10, worm screw 12 upper levels are installed a subsidy graduation ring 13, subsidy graduation ring 13 evenly is carved with subsidy range finding scale along the circumference side, and can observe by the window 14 that corresponding site on the range finding box 10 right walls 27 is opened, a subsidy graduation index 15 is fixed in center, window 14 lower edges, subsidy range finding scale with indication subsidy graduation ring 13, worm screw 12 upper ends stretch out range finding box 10 upper walls 17 with one synchronously an end 19 of the flexible axle 18 of output distance signal fixedly connected, worm screw 12 lower ends stretch out range finding box 10 lower walls 11 and a driving handwheel 21 is fixedlyed connected; One rotatably level be installed in the worm-wheel shaft 22 that front portions in the range finding box 10 are positioned at worm screw 12 rear sides, fix a worm gear 23 that is meshed with worm screw 12 at the right part of worm-wheel shaft 22, the left part of worm-wheel shaft 22 is with three energy successively and is freely rotating on the worm-wheel shaft 22 and fixable cam 24 on worm-wheel shaft 22,25,26, the right-hand member of worm-wheel shaft 22 stretches out range finding box 10 right walls 27 and is connected with a range scale ring 28, periphery along range scale ring 28 evenly is carved with a series of big gun eye-distances from this graduation, simultaneously, a range scale scale index 29 is fixed in appropriate location on the other range finding box 10 right walls 27 of range scale ring 28, with the big gun eye-distance on the indication range scale ring 28 from scale; One level is installed in the fork axle 30 at middle part in the range finding box 10, being with one at the left part of fork axle 30 can freely rotate on fork axle 30 but the axle sleeve 31 of axial location, the left end of axle sleeve 31 has one and makes the coaxial pinion 32 of one with axle sleeve 31, can move axially along this axle sleeve 31 and fixable fork 33 on this axle sleeve 31 being with one on the axle sleeve 31, the front end of fork 33 has rotatably been installed a roller 35, roller 35 can change and contacts with the contoured surface of an above-mentioned cam 24 or 25 or 26 with the axial location of fork 33 on axle sleeve 31, forms relation of following up; One rotatably level be installed in the elevating arc axle 37 at rear portions in the range finding box 10, elevating arc axle 37 left parts are fixed the big elevating arc 38 of a radius ratio pinion that is meshed with pinion 32 32, the left wall 40 that elevating arc axle 37 left ends stretch out range finding box 10 is fixedlyed connected with vertically upward an optical equipment support 41, and the optics that is carved with sight line in the mirror is installed in the top of optical equipment support 41 with looking in the distance equipment 42 front and back tilt adjustable; A spherical level(l)ing bubble 43 is fixed in the appropriate location of upper wall 17 outer surfaces at range finding box 10, is used to adjust the perpendicularity of vertical pivot 4.

For vertical pivot cover 7 is rotated flexibly around vertical pivot 4, can vertical pivot overlap 7 with vertical pivot 4 between a pair of radial ball bearing 6 is installed, reducing frictional force between the two, and the total weight that vertical pivot is overlapped more than 7 drops on the radial ball bearing 6.

The height of tripod 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

In design scope of the present utility model, the convenience for producing and using can change the part-structure of the foregoing description.

Referring to Figure 4 and 5, fixedly connected with the upper end 45 of a handwheel flexible axle 44 in the lower end that will stretch out the worm screw 12 of range finding box 10 lower walls 11, fixedly connected with an end of a hand wheel shaft 47 in the lower end 46 of handwheel flexible axle 44, hand wheel shaft 47 is rotatably installed in the top of tripod 2 by handwheel axle sleeve 48, the other end of hand wheel shaft 47 with drive handwheel 21 ' fixedly connected.Like this, operator's hand wall only need paste upper body and just can rotate handwheel 21 ' drive handwheel flexible axle 44 and worm screw 12 rotations more effortlessly.

Installing one on the vertical pivot 4 below the vertical pivot cover 7 can horizontally rotate and available thrust screw 51 is fixed on the collar 50 on the vertical pivot 4 around vertical pivot 4, one support plate 52 that fuses with the collar 50 is arranged on the collar 50 tops, have on the support plate 52 through hole 52 ', overlap 7 outsides and through hole 52 ' highly corresponding suitable position has been installed first steady pin 53 at vertical pivot, at the collar 50 top suitable positions second steady pin 54 has been installed, between first and second steady pins 53 and 54, has been fixedly mounted an extension spring 55; Utilize bicycle wire brake 56, fixedlyed connected with first steady pin 53 in through hole 52 ' back that brake 56 steel wire 57 passes on the support plate 52, and the end 59 of steel wire casing 58 is fixed on the support plate 52, with the support 61 of leader 60 and brake lever 61 ' fixing, be convenient to hold with a firm grip or loosen brake lever 61, like this, after the collar 50 is in position used thrust screw 51 tightenings, as long as hold with a firm grip or loosen brake lever 61, just can cooperate with spring 55, make vertical pivot cover 7 drive range finding box 10 and rotate the required enough level angles of range finding around vertical pivot 4, promptly convenient, steady again.

Above-mentioned worm gear 23, worm screw 12 reducing gears can replace with gear reduction.Referring to Fig. 6, the range finding box 10 in the front portion rotatably level one first gear shaft 70 has been installed, fix one first pinion 71 at its right part; One second gear shaft, 73 levels are installed in the rear side that range finding box 10 interior front portions are positioned at first gear shaft 70, be with one at the right part of second gear shaft 73 and can freely rotate on this but axial location and first gear 74 that be meshed with first pinion 71, first gear 74 sidebands have with it fixedly all-in-one-piece second pinion 75; One the 3rd gear shaft 76 rotatably level is installed in the rear side that range finding box 10 interior front portions are positioned at second gear shaft 73, has fixed a second largest gear 77 that is meshed with second pinion 75 at its right part.

Match with the gear reduction structure, the left wall 40 that first gear shaft, 70 left ends stretch out range finding box 10 and a subsidy graduation ring 13 ' after fixing again with flexible axle 18 ' an end 19 ' fixedly connected, correspondingly, appropriate location on the range finding box 10 left walls 40 of subsidy graduation ring 13 ' other fix a subsidy graduation index 15 ', with indication subsidy graduation ring 13 ' subsidy range finding scale; First gear shaft, 70 right-hand members stretch out range finding box 10 right walls 27 and handwheel flexible axle 44 ' upper end 45 ' be connected; The left part of the 3rd gear shaft 76 is with three energy successively at the cam 24,25,26 that freely rotates on the 3rd gear shaft 76 and can be fixed on the 3rd gear shaft 76, the 3rd gear shaft 76 left ends stretch out range finding box 10 left walls 40 and a range scale ring 28 ' fixedly connected, appropriate location on the range finding box 10 left walls 40 on range scale ring 28 ' side fix a range scale scale index 29 ', in order to indication range scale ring 28 ' on the big gun eye-distance from this graduation.

Range unit 1 range finding from demonstration, except available above-mentioned range scale ring 28, (28 ') and subsidy graduation ring 13, (13 ') show, also can adopt one to show (drawing among the figure) with the numbering machine of worm screw 12 or 70 interlocks of first gear shaft.

The cam mechanism of formations such as above-mentioned cam 24,25,26 and fork 33 can by cam 24 ', 25 ', the 26 ' form that cooperates with the tooth bar push rod replaces.Referring to Fig. 7, the pusher bar support 82 of a suitable height is fixed at the middle part in range finding box 10, mating holes 82 ' front and back that pusher bar support 82 tops are passed in one tooth bar push rod, 80 front portions are slidably mounted in the top of pusher bar support 82, tooth bar push rod 80 front ends rotatably installed roller 35 '; On the tooth bar push rod 80 of roller 35 ' rear side, fix a back-up ring 88, back-up ring 88 and pusher bar support 82 top mating holes 82 ' front end face between fix a compression spring 89 that is sleeved on tooth bar push rod 80 front portions; The rear portion downside of tooth bar push rod 80 has tooth bar 81; The left part of worm-wheel shaft 22 or the 3rd gear shaft 76 be with successively three energy freely rotate on the axle and can move axially and fixable on axle cam 24 ', 25 ', 26 ', by translating cam 24 ', 25 ', 26 ' axial location, can make cam 24 ', 25 ', 26 ' in some cams aim at tooth bar push rod 80, and make roller 35 ' contact with this cam contour face, form relation of following up, thus, constituted another kind of cam mechanism.

Match with the above-mentioned upward variation of wheel mechanism now, the aforesaid follower that is made of axle sleeve 31, pinion 32 and elevating arc 38 etc. is also done corresponding variation.Referring to Fig. 7, rear portion in range finding box 10, tooth bar 81 lower horizontal of tooth bar push rod 80 have been installed one the 4th gear shaft 83, being with one on the 4th gear shaft 83 can freely rotate on this but axial location, and the third-largest gear 84 that is meshed with tooth bar 81, the third-largest gear 84 sidebands have with it fixedly all-in-one-piece third pinion 85; One the 5th gear shaft 86 rotatably level is installed in the below of the 4th gear shaft 83, on the 5th gear shaft 86, fix one with and the fourth-largest gear 87 that is meshed of third pinion 85; The left end of the 5th gear shaft 86 stretches out range finding box 10 left walls 40 fixedlys connected with optical equipment support 41 vertically upward.

The optics that is carved with sight line in the mirror equipment 42 of looking in the distance can utilize the existing weaponry and equipment equipment--panoramic sight (being called for short all visors), can manufacture and design a special optical equipment especially so on the one hand, to reduce expenses, main is that all visors itself have optical axis pitch rotation mechanism, and the calibration range device is convenient in the requirement that the inclination angle is adjusted before and after can satisfying, and have the cross groove in all visor mirrors, can aim at target, in addition, all visors 42

Less ten fens suitable tame Uoo of multiplying power dwindle and observe on the place and aiming.

Three cam 24(24 '), function 26(26 ' 25(25 ')) is identical, just overall size is according to the operation principle of range unit 1, cooperate all visors 42 object lens 62 centers three kinds of different antenna height P and have any different, be convenient to according to using needs when selecting different P, can select different cams simultaneously for use, numerically mate with P, necessary words can be provided with a plurality of cams, are used with multiple antenna height P, and this can decide according to instructions for use.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, dwindling on the place simulation direct aiming shoot with basic horizontal, to bury gram be example, and the operation principle of range unit of the present utility model is described.

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 and Fig. 8, but on the basic horizontal place 90 that dwindles by a certain percentage, put all radio tank targets 91 of controlled change of a course that dwindles by same ratio and the speed of a ship or plane.The suitable distance of 90 nearly sides is set up cannon in the place, on cannon, set up simulator of direct aiming shoot 100, at other this range unit 1 that sets up of big gun, flexible axle 18(18 ') the other end 19 " be connected with the input 101 of simulator 100; according to instructions for use; adjust the height of range unit tripod 2; making the height on 90 ground, object lens 62 centre-to-centre spacing places of all visors 42 is a setting height P; select in the range unit and the corresponding cam of this setting height P; be made as 24(24 '), make itself and fork 33(or tooth bar push rod 80) position alignment, and make cam 24(24 ') contoured surface and roller 35(35 ') contact both interlocks after the tightening.

Carrying out the big gun eye-distance before measuring and exporting, to proofread and correct range unit 1 earlier, earlier by observing spherical level(l)ing bubble 43, adjust the fixed position of ball and socket base 3 and ball journal 5, to proofread and correct the perpendicularity of vertical pivot 4, adjust range finding cam 24(24 ' then) with roller 35(35 ') contact position, and according to the systematic error of several known distance correcting measurings on the place 90 and output distance; In addition, can be by adjusting the height of tripod 2, proofread and correct because of the actual height on 90 ground, object lens 62 centre-to-centre spacing places of all visors 42 and setting height P is not inconsistent and the caused systematic error of ground out-of-flatness.

Meanwhile, simulator of direct aiming shoot 100 also must be pressed known distance and proofread and correct, and then both is passed through flexible axle 18(18 ') connect.

To moving target big gun eye-distance from the measurement and the method for operating and the process of output as follows:

The eyepiece 63 of all visors 42 of range finding person's eye alignment is also by the radio tank target 91 in object lens 62 observations and the aiming movement.Range finding person's left hand is held with a firm grip or is loosened brake lever 61, make steel wire 57 cooperate to haul vertical pivot cover 7 to horizontally rotate around vertical pivot 4 together with range finding box 10 with spring 55, make all visor 42 constantly change horizontal angles, thereby make the central authorities that the cross hairs ordinate is aimed at tank target 91 all the time in the mirror of all visors 42; The continuous rotating drive handwheel 21 of range finding person's right hand ', thus drive handwheel flexible axle 44 and worm screw 12 and subsidy graduation ring 13, and worm screw 12 promotes worm gear 23 and drives cam 24, drives the range scale ring 28 in range finding box 10 right walls 27 outsides simultaneously; Cam 24 promotes fork 33 swings by the roller 35 that is in contact with it, pinion 32 is also along with fork 33 rotates certain degree angle, promote simultaneously to turn over an angle of dwindling by a certain percentage with the elevating arc 38 of its engagement, elevating arc 38 drives all visors 42 of a top of the trellis by elevating arc axle 37, optical equipment support 41, the inclination angle, front and back of all visors 42 is changed, thereby make the optical axis of all visor 42 object lens 62 produce pitch rotation, like this, the pitch rotation of all visor 42 object lens 62 optical axis and handwheel 21 ' rotation realized interaction relation.Thus, by rotating handwheel 21 ' just can the handle pitch rotation of the optical axis of all visor 42 object lens 62, make the horizontal line of the interior cross hairs of mirror of all visors 42 aim at tank target 91 and the contacted root in ground constantly, meanwhile, range scale ring 28 constantly demonstrate bury gram target 91 the big gun eye-distance from variation, subsidy graduation ring 13 then demonstrates more small big gun eye-distance from variation.Like this, realized to the speed of a ship or plane, course changing moving target big gun eye-distance from continuous measurement.

Continuous measurement moving target big gun eye-distance from, by the flexible axle 18 that is connected with worm screw 12 upper ends can be synchronously continuously, exactly with the big gun eye-distance of each moment input 101 from input simulator of direct aiming shoot 100, like this, realized to moving target big gun eye-distance from continuous output.

The big gun eye-distance of noticing the moving target that course, the speed of a ship or plane are constantly being changed is from measuring and output, only need range finding person to adjust the horizontal angle and the inclination angle, front and back of the optical axis of the object lens 62 of all visors 42, optical axis moment tracking aiming moving target is got final product, the big gun eye-distance from measurement with output in the tracking aiming process, finish automatically, non-distance measuring the person more move, as seen the operator to operate this range unit be very simple and easy to do, this also helps popularizing in military training.

Adopting cam mechanism in range unit 1 is an important characteristic of the present utility model.Notice range unit 1 be the active inclination angle that the changes all visor 42 object lens 62 optical axis big gun eye-distance of measuring moving target from, but during the distance interval that the target on the different distance is passed by identical, the inclination angle variable quantity of object lens 62 optical axis is different, promptly, the variation at the variation of distance and object lens 62 optical axis inclination angles does not meet linear relationship, and Fig. 8 clearly shows this situation.Referring to Fig. 8, tank target 91 is from d at a distance ₁△ d goes ahead ₁, correspondingly the inclination angle that turns over of object lens 62 optical axis is α ₁, when tank target 91 at closer distance d ₂△ d went ahead ₂Correspondingly the inclination angle that turns over of the optical axis is α ₂, △ d ₁With △ d ₂Equate, and α ₁But less than α ₂Illustrate that the variation of distance and the variation at object lens 62 optical axis inclination angles do not meet sexual intercourse.This means, when the tank target 91 on the different distance is passed by the same distance interval, the angle that the optical axis of all visors 42 object lens 62 of tracking target turns over is inequality, if all visors 42 and handwheel 21 ' would be linear interlock, then, all numbers of handwheel 21 ' rotation also must be inequality, thus, also inequality with angle or all numbers that the range scale ring 28 and the subsidy graduation ring 13 of handwheel 21 ' linearity interlock rotates, like this, the range finding scale on range scale ring 28 and the subsidy graduation ring 13 must be a uneven distribution; And the rotation week number of flexible axle 18 also is inequality, and like this, the big gun eye-distance of being exported by flexible axle 18 just is easy to cause confusion from signal.This shows, above-mentioned situation will certainly to the instantaneous big gun eye-distance of moving target from measurement and output bring many inconvenience, therefore, must on the function of range unit, guarantee, target range distance no matter, if the target mobile phase with distance at interval, handwheel 21 ' rotation week number must be identical, and the optical axis of the object lens 62 of all visors 42 tracking target constantly, this just requires the non-line interaction relation of panorama mirror 42 and handwheel 21 ' also be full of.Consider that cam mechanism has the drive connection between linear movement and nonlinear motion, thus cam mechanism adopted in the range unit of the present utility model 1, thus solved the problems referred to above satisfactorily.

In order to reduce cam 24(24 '), 25(25 '), 26(26 ') mismachining tolerance proportion in range error, should increase the poor of the maximum radius of cam contour and base radius as far as possible, but can increase fork 35 or tooth bar push rod 80 " stroke " like this, thereby influence gearratio, in order to keep suitable gearratio, obtain good operating characteristics, this device has adopted by pinion 32 with elevating arc 38 or by the third-largest gear 84, the follower with the relation of slowing down of formations such as third pinion 85 and the fourth-largest gear 87, so both improved precision, guaranteed suitable gearratio again, effect is satisfied.

It should be noted that range unit 1 of the present utility model just has very high precision theoretically.Range error formula according to the optical ranging machine can compare with the range error of general optical ranging machine.Formula as follows:

△d∝ (d ²)/(J·γ) （1）

Wherein: △ d=range error

The d=range finding from

J=range finder base length

γ=optical ranging machine enlargement ratio

Tank is carried out direct aiming shoot is example, if optical ranging machine actual measurement middle distance is 2000 meters, the J of optical ranging machine is about 1 meter, is made as J ₁, the height P on 90 ground, centre-to-centre spacing place of all visors 42 object lens 62 of this range unit is suitable with the J meaning in the formula (1).If dwindling on 25 times the place, range finding also equals 2000 from amplifying 25 times, and then effective J value of this survey device should be 25 times of actual P value, is made as J ₂If actual P value is 1.7 meters, then J ₂=P * 25=1.7 * 25=42.5 rice; Because the enlargement ratio of optical ranging machine 7 is suitable substantially with the enlargement ratio γ of all visors 42 of this device 1, then the ratio of both range errors is about the inverse ratio of both J values, promptly

(△d ₂)/(△d ₁) ＝ (J ₁)/(J ₂) （2）

Wherein: △ d ₂Be the range error of this device,

△ d ₁Be the range error of optical ranging machine,

Get △ d by formula (2) ₂/ △ d ₁=1/42.5, this shows that the theoretical range error of range unit of the present invention only for 1/tens of the theoretical range error of optical ranging machine, so its range accuracy is quite high, is enough to guarantee the simulation precision of simulator of direct aiming shoot.

The foregoing description of the present utility model and variation thereof only are that the part of doing in order to understand the utility model better specifically describes, obviously, and according to design of the present utility model.Can do many apparent changes to the foregoing description, these all will be included in the design scope of the present utility model.

Among above-mentioned each figure, identical label is represented identical part or structure.

Range unit 1 of the present utility model is applicable to that simulating various cannons on the place dwindling of basic horizontal comprises: terrestrial gun, recoilless gun, tank gun etc. are to ground moving object, supporting use when particularly the direct aiming shoot of tank, panzer etc. is trained, also be applicable in the pond that dwindles above-mentioned various cannons of simulation and coast gun, naval vessels big gun etc. to the aquatic sports target, supporting use during as the direct aiming shoot training of naval vessels.

Claims (7)

1, a kind ofly is used for dwindling of basic horizontal and directly takes aim at the range unit that hits simulator on the place, comprising: a range finding box support, a range finding box that can be installed in with horizontally rotating apart from the box support top; It is characterized in that also comprising: one is installed in anterior reducing gear in the range finding box; One is installed in the driving mechanism of the outer and described reducing gear interlock of range finding box; One is installed in the synchronous output block of distance signal that links with described reducing gear outside box; One is installed in the distance display device that links with described reducing gear on the survey box; One is installed in the cam mechanism of interior middle part of range finding box and the interlock of described reducing gear; One is installed in the follower of interior rear portion of range finding box and the interlock of described cam mechanism; One is installed in the optics telescopic system of the outer and described follower interlock of range finding box.

2, range unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described subtracting stated mechanism and comprise: one rotatably is vertically mounted on the worm screw on anterior right side in the range finding box, one rotatably level be installed in that the front portion is positioned at the worm-wheel shaft of worm screw rear side in the range finding box, one is fixed on the worm gear that the worm-wheel shaft right part is meshed with worm screw.

3, range unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described reducing gear comprises: one rotatably level be installed in the first anterior gear shaft in the range finding box, one is fixed on first pinion of the first gear shaft right part; One level is installed in second gear shaft that the interior front portion of range finding box is positioned at the first gear shaft rear side, be with one at the right part of second gear shaft and can freely rotate on this but axial location and first gear that be meshed with first pinion, first gear sideband has with it fixedly all-in-one-piece second pinion; One rotatably level be installed in that the front portion is positioned at the 3rd gear shaft of the second gear shaft rear side, a second largest gear that is fixed on the 3rd gear shaft right part and is meshed with second pinion in the range finding box.

4, as claim 2 or 3 described range units, it is characterized in that described cam mechanism comprises: three be enclosed within successively described worm-wheel shaft or the 3rd gear shaft left part, not only free to rotate but also can be fixed on cam on the axle; One level is installed in the fork axle at middle part in the range finding box, one is enclosed within fork axle left part also can freely rotate but the axle sleeve of axial location, one is enclosed within on the axle sleeve and can moves axially and fixable fork on axle sleeve along axle sleeve, and one is rotatably installed in the roller of fork front end.

5, as claim 2 or 3 described range units, it is characterized in that described cam mechanism comprises: three be enclosed within successively described worm-wheel shaft or the 3rd gear shaft left part, can freely rotate and can move axially and fixable cam on axle; One is fixed on the pusher bar support of suitable height at middle part in the range finding box, and the top that is slidably mounted in pusher bar support before and after the mating holes on pusher bar support top is passed in a tooth bar push rod front portion, and tooth bar push rod front end has rotatably been installed roller; On the tooth bar push rod of roller rear side, fix a back-up ring, between the front end face of back-up ring and pusher bar support top mating holes, fix a compression spring that is sleeved on tooth bar push rod front portion; The rear portion downside of tooth bar push rod has tooth bar.

6, range unit as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described follower comprises: a left end and a described axle sleeve formulation all-in-one-piece coaxial pinion at described axle sleeve; One rotatably level be installed in the elevating arc axle at rear portion in the range finding box, one is fixed on elevating arc axle left part and the elevating arc big with the radius ratio pinion of described pinion.

7, range unit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described follower comprises: a level is installed in the 4th gear shaft of the described tooth bar below of rear portion, described tooth bar push rod in the range finding box, be with one and can freely rotate on this but the third-largest gear axial location and that be meshed with described tooth bar on the 4th gear shaft, the third-largest gear sideband has with it fixedly all-in-one-piece third pinion; One the 5th gear shaft rotatably level is installed in the below of the 4th gear shaft, fixes a fourth-largest gear that is meshed with third pinion on the 5th gear shaft.

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