CN204537561U - A kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument - Google Patents
A kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN204537561U CN204537561U CN201520082770.5U CN201520082770U CN204537561U CN 204537561 U CN204537561 U CN 204537561U CN 201520082770 U CN201520082770 U CN 201520082770U CN 204537561 U CN204537561 U CN 204537561U
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- slide block
- swing ball
- experiment instrument
- groove
- friction force
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument, comprise simple pendulum, slide block and slide rail, simple pendulum comprises support and swing ball, and swing ball hangs on support; Slide rail level fixedly mounts, and slide rail is provided with groove, and slide block is positioned in groove, and clashes into described slide block by swing ball in zero degree swash angle position and promote slide block in groove and move; Slide block is provided with removable balancing weight, bottom is provided with removable contact bottom layer; Groove floor is provided with removable contact top layer.Friction force inquiry experiment instrument of the present utility model, multipotency is complete, can represent comprehensive for the many factors affecting friction force, and experiment effect is directly perceived, easily understands.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to experimental teaching equipment technical field, is specifically related to a kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument.
Background technology
Friction force refers to when one object relative motion on the surface of another object (or having the trend of relative motion), the power of the obstruction relative motion (or hindering relative motion trend) be subject to.But also have many doubt for during this concept of the firm contact friction force of middle and elementary school student, this is because affect friction force many factors, as: the pressure of surface in contact, surface in contact roughness, direction of motion are relevant with surface of contact size and surface of contact material composition etc.In order to allow student more deeply understand the factor affecting friction force, friction force is probed into apparatus for demonstrating and is arisen at the historic moment.
As shown in Figure 1, from existing friction experiment device, main employing spring balance (2) pulls a thing block (1) to move with uniform velocity on a flat board (3), by changing the flat board (3) of different degree of roughness, measure the pulling force that this thing block (2) is required at the same speed, thus draw the factor affecting friction force.It seems mainly there is following problem from existing experimental provision: 1. measure accurate not, because friction force is less, the lower directly impact of spring balance precision is measured.2. human factor is more, as: the motion of object should be kept in measuring process at the uniform velocity, and no matter pull be difficult to accomplish uniform motion with manpower or weights, pulley.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is: for above-mentioned existing friction experiment device Problems existing, and provide a kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument, measuring accuracy is high, and experiment effect is directly perceived, easily understands.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
A kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument, comprise simple pendulum, slide block and slide rail, simple pendulum comprises support and swing ball, and swing ball hangs on support; Slide rail level fixedly mounts, and slide rail is provided with groove, and slide block is positioned in groove, and clashes into described slide block by swing ball in zero degree swash angle position and promote slide block in groove and move;
Slide block is provided with removable balancing weight, bottom is provided with removable contact bottom layer; Groove floor is provided with removable contact top layer.
Preferably, described simple pendulum also comprises fork, and swing ball hangs on support by fork, is fixedly installed the weighted spherical ball of the mass body barycenter regulating fork and swing ball to form bottom swing ball.
Preferably, described fork adopts high-carbon steel to make.
Preferably, support and slide rail are provided with some level meters.
Preferably, the slide rail of groove side is provided with rule.
Preferably, described contact top layer adopts some rotatable contact rollers to form.
Preferably, described contact bottom layer with contact top layer and all adopt air cushion.
Preferably, described simple pendulum also comprises cycloid, and swing ball is hung on support by cycloid.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
A kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument of the present utility model, single pendulum is utilized to clash into slide block, slide block slides on slide rail, measure the coasting distance of slide block, and by contrasting the slide block coasting distance of the different surface of contact of roughness, the slide block of Different Weight and different contact forms, the impact of the factor such as friction factor, normal pressure on friction force can be drawn respectively, and can friction factor be accurately measured, experimental result is accurate, experimentation is simple and clear, allow student be easier to understand, and impact is deep, interest is better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the friction experiment device structural representation of prior art.
Fig. 2 is inquiry experiment instrument using state figure of the present utility model
Fig. 3 is simple pendulum structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the another kind of embodiment of simple pendulum of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is slide block structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is rail structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the another kind of embodiment of slide rail of the present utility model.
Mark in figure: 1-thing block, 2-spring balance, 3-is dull and stereotyped, 4-simple pendulum, 41-support, 42-fork, 42 '-cycloid, 43-swing ball, 44-weighted spherical ball, 5-slide rail, 51-groove, 52,52 '-contact top layer, 53-rule, 54-adjusting knob, 6-slide block, 61-balancing weight, 62-contact bottom layer, 7-support rim, 81,82,83,84,85-level meter.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 2-7, a kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument, comprises simple pendulum 4, slide block 6 and slide rail 5, and simple pendulum 4 comprises support 41 and swing ball 43, and swing ball 43 hangs on support 41.Slide rail 5 level is fixedly mounted on support rim 7, slide rail 5 is provided with groove 51, and slide block 6 is positioned in groove 51, and is clashed into described slide block 6 by swing ball 43 in zero degree swash angle position and promote slide block 6 and move in groove 51.Support rim 7 can select the support rim 7 of proper height according to the position of swing ball 43 and slide block 6, just in time strike slide block 6, i.e. the point of impingement a of swing ball 43 and the point of impingement a ' laminating of slide block 6 when guaranteeing that swing ball 43 swings to zero degree swash angle position.
With reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, slide block 6 is provided with removable balancing weight 61, bottom is provided with removable contact bottom layer 62.Groove 51 bottom surface is provided with removable contact top layer 52,52 '.Contact bottom layer 62 with contact top layer 52,52 ' and different materials, even different structure can be changed, such as smooth surface, rough surface or be with magnetic material, roller etc. when testing according to different experiment purposes, experimental project.
With reference to Fig. 3, described simple pendulum 4 also comprises fork 42, and swing ball 43 hangs on support 41 by fork 42, is fixedly installed the weighted spherical ball 44 of the mass body barycenter regulating fork 42 and swing ball 43 to form bottom swing ball 43.Fork 42 adopts high-carbon steel material to make, and adopt fork 42 as the sprung parts of swing ball 43, make swing ball 43 can just in time clash into slide block 6 in zero degree swash angle position, error is less.But after adopting fork 42 to hang swing ball 43, the barycenter completing the mass body of shock there occurs skew, therefore must ensureing the centroid position regulating the mass body be made up of fork 42 and swing ball 43, by arranging weighted spherical ball 44 below swing ball 43, this barycenter can be readjusted the center of swing ball 43.During experiment, swing ball 43 must be pulled up to 90 ° of swash angle position, the kinetic energy that guarantee slide block 6 obtains at every turn is all identical, thus can not affect the accuracy of experiment.
With reference to Fig. 4, in described simple pendulum 4, swing ball 43 hangs, and cycloid 42 ' can also be adopted to realize, and swing ball 43 is hung on support 41 by cycloid 42 '.Due to the lighter weight of cycloid 42 ', therefore when experimental calculation, only can consider the quality of swing ball 43, the quality of line can be ignored, and does not also need weighted spherical ball 44 to regulate barycenter.
In order to make whole inquiry experiment instrument install steadily, support 41 and slide rail 5 are provided with some level meters 81,82,83,84,85.Can ensure that support 41 can level fixedly mount by level meter 81,82,83, can guarantee that slide rail 5 level fixedly mounts by level meter 84,85.Slide rail 5 is provided with some adjusting knobs 54, regulates adjusting knob 54 by level meter 84,85, ensure that slide rail 5 is installed steadily.
In order to measure slide block 6 sliding distance more accurately, the slide rail 5 of groove 51 side is provided with rule 53.
The principle of work of inquiry experiment instrument: utilize single pendulum shock slide block 6 to make it obtain and with single pendulum, there is identical kinetic energy (size is equal with the initial potential energy of single pendulum), i.e. m
1gh=Fs=μm
2gs, obtains μ=m
1h/m
2s, the distance s that record different conditions sliding block 6 moves, thus compare and draw the impact of the factor such as normal pressure, material surface on friction force.
Experimentation:
One, in order to the impact of research material surface on friction force, slide block 6 quality m is chosen
2with the mass body m of swing ball 43
1identical, i.e. m
1=m
2then coefficientoffrictionμ=h/s:
1) use the aluminum of polishing and surface sand-blasting to contact top layer 52 as the contact bottom layer 62 of slide block 6 and slide rail 5 respectively, compare the change of slide block 6 sliding distance s;
2) spill solia particle on the contact top layer 52 of slide rail 5, as emery etc., compare the change of its s;
By the change of above different surface of contact material, can draw different materials surface, the distance s that slide block 6 slides also is not identical, and therefore coefficientoffrictionμ is different, and friction force is also different.Material is more coarse, and the sliding distance s of slide block 6 is little, and coefficientoffrictionμ is larger, and friction force is also larger; Material is more smooth, and the sliding distance s of slide block 6 is large, and coefficientoffrictionμ is less, and friction force is also less.
Two, in order to study the impact of normal pressure on friction force:
1) ensure contact bottom layer 62 and the slide rail 5 of slide block 6 contact top layer 52 material constant when, by the balancing weight 61 on adjusting slider 6, the relatively slide block 6 of different quality, namely when different normal pressure, the situation of change of slide block 6 sliding distance s, thus draw the impact of normal pressure on friction force.Experimental result, normal pressure is larger, and s is less for slide block 6 sliding distance, and friction force is larger; Normal pressure is less, and s is larger for slide block 6 sliding distance, and friction force is less.
2) contact bottom layer 62 of slide block 6 adopts magnetic material and general material respectively with the top layer 52 that contacts of slide rail 5, compares and is being magnetic with in non-magnetic situation, the situation of change of slide block 6 sliding distance s.Experimental result, when having same magnetic, two like magnetic poles repel each other, causes normal pressure to reduce, and s is larger for slide block 6 sliding distance, and friction force is also little; When having different magnetic, two like magnetic poles attract each other, causes normal pressure to increase, and s is less for slide block 6 sliding distance, and friction force also increases.
Three, in order to study the impact of surface of contact on friction force:
The bottom of slide block 6 is changed the contact bottom layer 62 of different area size, compare when different contact area by experiment, the situation of change of the sliding distance s of slide block 6.From experimental result, when different surface of contact, the sliding distance s of slide block 6 is identical, so surface of contact does not affect friction force.
Four, in order to study the difference of sliding friction and rolling friction:
Roller is adopted to form with reference to the contact top layer 52 ' shown in Fig. 7, figure being slide rail 5.During experiment, adopt the slide rail 5 of Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 respectively, be namely respectively sliding friction and rolling friction, when other conditions are constant, compare the situation of change of slide block 6 sliding distance s.Rolling friction, slide block 6 sliding distance s is large, and friction force is little; Sliding friction, s is little for slide block 6 sliding distance, and friction force is large.
Five, in order to friction force between Study of Liquid:
Slide block 6 contact bottom layer 62 and slide rail 5 contact top layer 52 grease on figure respectively, when comparing at not grease and scribble grease, the situation of change of slide block 6 sliding distance s.When there being grease, slide block 6 sliding distance s is large, illustrates that friction force is little; When not having grease, s is little for slide block 6 sliding distance, friction is described energetically.
Six, in order to friction force between learning gas:
The contact bottom layer 62 of slide block 6 adopts air cushion respectively with the top layer 52 that contacts of slide rail 5, compares when not having air cushion and have air cushion, the situation of change of slide block 6 sliding distance s.When there being air cushion, slide block 6 sliding distance s is large, illustrates that friction force is little; When not having air cushion, s is little for slide block 6 sliding distance, friction is described energetically.
In sum, by the difference of above various different situations sliding block 6 sliding distance s, compare and show that various factors is on the impact of friction force size and relation thereof.
Claims (8)
1. a friction force inquiry experiment instrument, it is characterized in that, comprise simple pendulum (1), slide block (6) and slide rail (5), simple pendulum (1) comprises support (41) and swing ball (43), and swing ball (43) hangs on support (41); Slide rail (5) level fixedly mounts, slide rail (5) is provided with groove (51), slide block (6) is positioned in groove (51), and is clashed into described slide block (6) by swing ball (43) in zero degree swash angle position and promote slide block (6) in groove (51) and move;
Slide block (6) is provided with removable balancing weight (61), bottom is provided with removable contact bottom layer (62); Groove (51) bottom surface is provided with removable contact top layer (52,52 ').
2. inquiry experiment instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described simple pendulum (1) also comprises fork (42), swing ball (43) hangs on support (41) by fork (42), and swing ball (43) bottom is fixedly installed the weighted spherical ball (44) of the mass body barycenter regulating fork (42) and swing ball (43) to form.
3. inquiry experiment instrument according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described fork (42) adopts high-carbon steel to make.
4. inquiry experiment instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, support (41) and slide rail (5) are provided with some level meters (81,82,83,84,85).
5. inquiry experiment instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the slide rail (5) of groove (51) side is provided with rule (53).
6. inquiry experiment instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described contact top layer (52 ') adopts some rotatable contact rollers to form.
7. inquiry experiment instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described contact bottom layer (62) with contact top layer (52,52 ') and all adopt air cushion.
8. inquiry experiment instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described simple pendulum (1) also comprises cycloid (42 '), and swing ball (43) is hung on support (41) by cycloid (42 ').
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520082770.5U CN204537561U (en) | 2015-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | A kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520082770.5U CN204537561U (en) | 2015-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | A kind of friction force inquiry experiment instrument |
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| CN204537561U true CN204537561U (en) | 2015-08-05 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104658382A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-27 | 四川科业教学仪器设备有限责任公司 | Friction force exploration experimental instrument |
| CN106568594A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-04-19 | 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 | Sliding door smoothness detection method and apparatus |
| CN107976400A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-01 | 太原理工大学 | Geosynthetics drawing/staight scissors test device and test method |
| CN109100068A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Blade-casing touching under complicated contact condition is rubbed power testing experiment device |
| CN111610125A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-01 | 大连理工大学 | Device for rapidly measuring drag reduction effect of super-hydrophobic surface |
-
2015
- 2015-02-05 CN CN201520082770.5U patent/CN204537561U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104658382A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-27 | 四川科业教学仪器设备有限责任公司 | Friction force exploration experimental instrument |
| CN104658382B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2017-07-11 | 四川科业教学仪器设备有限责任公司 | A kind of frictional force inquiry experiment instrument |
| CN106568594A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-04-19 | 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 | Sliding door smoothness detection method and apparatus |
| CN107976400A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-01 | 太原理工大学 | Geosynthetics drawing/staight scissors test device and test method |
| CN107976400B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-11-22 | 太原理工大学 | Geosynthetics drawing/staight scissors test device and test method |
| CN109100068A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Blade-casing touching under complicated contact condition is rubbed power testing experiment device |
| CN109100068B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-10-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Blade-casing touching under complicated contact condition is rubbed power testing experiment device |
| CN111610125A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-01 | 大连理工大学 | Device for rapidly measuring drag reduction effect of super-hydrophobic surface |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C53 | Correction of patent for invention or patent application | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Mao Xiangyu Inventor after: Yang Xiaoning Inventor after: Wang Yexian Inventor after: Wang Qin Inventor before: Mao Xiangyu Inventor before: Yang Xiaolin Inventor before: Wang Qin |
|
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: MAO XIANGYU YANG XIAOLIN WANG QIN TO: MAO XIANGYU YANG XIAONING WANG YEXIAN WANG QIN |
|
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20150805 Effective date of abandoning: 20170711 |