CN204517711U - A kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system - Google Patents
A kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204517711U CN204517711U CN201520053413.6U CN201520053413U CN204517711U CN 204517711 U CN204517711 U CN 204517711U CN 201520053413 U CN201520053413 U CN 201520053413U CN 204517711 U CN204517711 U CN 204517711U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system, comprise the photoelectric sensor, pulse shaping amplification circuit, the micro controller module that connect successively, and rotating speed display unit, drive circuit unit, key input unit and the power module to be connected with micro controller module, described micro controller module also comprises comparing unit and control unit, and described photoelectric sensor comprises infrared transmitter and infrared remote receiver.The utility model structure is simple, is widely used; Control precision is high, has very strong antijamming capability; Motor speed being converted to pulse frequency feeds back in single-chip microcomputer, realizes rotating ratio and obtains more accurately and test purpose.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Electrical Machinery Rotational Speed Testing System system, particularly relates to a kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system, belongs to motor speed control field.
Background technology
In different production and life process, the running status of motor will meet production requirement, and wherein the control of motor speed is occupying vital effect.In kinetic control system, motor speed controls to occupy vital effect, its control algolithm and means have a lot, simulation control of PID is one of control strategy grown up the earliest, define typical structure for a long time, and parameter tuning is convenient, the requirement of general control can be met, but due in simulation control of PID system, parameter is once after adjusting, all changeless in whole control procedure, and in practice, due to the system parameters at scene, the conditions such as temperature change, system is made to be difficult to reach best control effects, therefore analog pid controller is adopted to be difficult to obtain satisfied control effects.Along with the development of computer technology and Intelligent Control Theory, digital PID technique grows up gradually, and it can not only realize the control task that analog pid completes, and possess control algolithm flexibly, high reliability, application surface is more and more wider.
DC motor has excellent governor control characteristics, smooth speed control, convenience, and speed adjustable range is wide, and overload capacity is large, can bear impact load frequently, can realize stepless Fast starting, braking and reversion frequently; The various different special service requirement of Automation of Manufacturing Process system can be met, be widely used in speed governing or electric drive system field forward and reverse fast in many needs.
The rotational speed regulation of DC motor mainly contains three kinds of methods: regulate the voltage of armature supply, weaken magnetic flux and change armature circuit resistance.For three kinds of speed regulating methods, there is respective feature, also there is certain defect.Such as change armature circuit rheostatic speed regulation and can only realize step speed regulation, can stepless speed control although weaken magnetic flux, the speed adjustable range of this method is little, is all generally to coordinate variable voltage speed control to use.So in Direct Current Governor System, be all based on variable voltage speed control.Wherein, in voltage-changing speed regulating system, controlled rectification formula governing system and DC PWM Regulating Speed System Using two kinds can be divided into again substantially.DC PWM Regulating Speed System Using has following advantages compared with controlled rectification formula governing system: because the switching frequency of PWM governing system is higher, filter action only by armature inductance just can obtain stable direct current, and low-speed characteristic is good, steady speed precision is high, speed-regulating range width.Equally, because switching frequency is high, fast response characteristic is good, and dynamic antijamming capability is strong, can obtain very wide frequency band; Switching device is only operated on off state, and therefore main circuit loss is little, unit efficiency is high; When DC power supply adopts uncontrollable rectification, power factor of electric network is higher than phase controlled rectifier.Just because of DC PWM Regulating Speed System Using has above advantage, and improving constantly along with power electronic device switch performance, DC pulse width modulation (PWM) technology obtains development at full speed.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system for the deficiency of background technology.
The utility model is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
A kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system, comprise the photoelectric sensor, pulse shaping amplification circuit, the micro controller module that connect successively, and rotating speed display unit, drive circuit unit, key input unit and the power module to be connected with micro controller module, described micro controller module also comprises comparing unit and control unit, and described photoelectric sensor comprises infrared transmitter and infrared remote receiver; Described power module is used for providing electric energy needed for infrared transmitter, infrared remote receiver, micro controller module, display unit, drive circuit unit and key input unit;
Wherein, key input unit, for setting motor speed normal parameter threshold value;
Comparing unit, for contrasting according to actual speed and setting speed, if actual speed is greater than setting speed, then sends a signal to control unit;
Control unit, for the signal sent according to comparing unit, controls motor speed by drive circuit unit;
Display unit, for showing motor speed in real time.
As the further preferred version of a kind of DC motor speed of the utility model measurement and control system, described micro controller module adopts STC89C51 single-chip microcomputer.
As the further preferred version of a kind of DC motor speed of the utility model measurement and control system, described photoelectric sensor adopts correlation photoelectric sensor.
As the further preferred version of a kind of DC motor speed of the utility model measurement and control system, described display unit adopts 4 Digital sum tube displays.
As the further preferred version of a kind of DC motor speed of the utility model measurement and control system, described power module is chargeable storage.
The utility model adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technique effect:
1, the utility model structure is simple, is widely used;
2, the utility model control precision is high, has very strong antijamming capability;
3, motor speed is converted to pulse frequency and feeds back in single-chip microcomputer by the utility model, realizes rotating ratio and obtains more accurately and test purpose.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structure principle chart of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the basic peripheral circuit of main control chip STC89C52 of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is DC motor speed leak control and check drive circuit of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the shape and structure of DC motor speed chopper wheel of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is the drive circuit of display unit of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is the drive circuit of the utility model key input unit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail:
A kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system as shown in Figure 1, comprise the photoelectric sensor, pulse shaping amplification circuit, the micro controller module that connect successively, and rotating speed display unit, drive circuit unit, key input unit and the power module to be connected with micro controller module, described micro controller module also comprises comparing unit and control unit, and described photoelectric sensor comprises infrared transmitter and infrared remote receiver; Described power module is used for providing electric energy needed for infrared transmitter, infrared remote receiver, micro controller module, display unit, drive circuit unit and key input unit;
Wherein, key input unit, for setting motor speed normal parameter threshold value;
Comparing unit, for contrasting according to actual speed and setting speed, if actual speed is greater than setting speed, then sends a signal to control unit;
Control unit, for the signal sent according to comparing unit, controls motor speed by drive circuit unit;
Display unit, for showing motor speed in real time.
Wherein, described micro controller module adopts STC89C51 single-chip microcomputer, and described photoelectric sensor adopts correlation photoelectric sensor, and described display unit adopts 4 Digital sum tube displays, and described power module is chargeable storage.
The utility model mainly utilizes PID control technology to the control of DC motor speed.With STC89C51 single-chip microcomputer for control core, produce the control of pwm pulse realization to DC motor speed that duty ratio controls by pid algorithm.Utilize optoelectronic switch to convert motor speed to pulse frequency to feed back in single-chip microcomputer simultaneously.Adopt two piece of 4 Digital sum tube display as display unit in systems in which, the parameter of motor operation is set by matrix keyboard, after startup, understand the current rotating speed of motor and running time by display unit.
This system adopts STC89C51 as the control system of this use system.STC89C51 single-chip microcomputer arithmetical operation function is strong, and software programming is flexible, the degree of freedom is large, and available software programming realizes various algorithm and logic control.Its chip pin is few, is easy to realize at hardware.And it also have low in energy consumption, volume is little, technology maturation and low cost and other advantages, be widely used in every field.The data adopting STC89C51 input as controller process also control motor movement comparatively simply, can meet design requirement.Therefore the program is adopted in this design.
The utility model mainly controls the rotating speed of motor, therefore motor drive module is essential, adopt special motor drive ic, because its inside take into account the antijamming capability of circuit, safety, reliable rows, so we only need consider that when applying the problem such as signal wiring, driving force of chip is just passable, so the circuit design of this kind of scheme is simple, antijamming capability strong, good reliability.Designer does not need to consider a lot, can focus in algorithm realization and Software for Design, improve operating efficiency greatly to hardware circuit design.
The utility model is a closed-loop control system, needs setting and current actual speed to compare in adjustment process, and speed acquisition module designs for completing such function, adopts correlation photoelectric sensor.Its detection mode is: the mutual correlation of emitter and receiver is installed, and the light of reflector directly aims at recipient, and when surveying thing and blocking light beam, transducer exports and changes to indicate measured object to be detected.By step-by-step counting, speed is measured.
The utility model is in Motor Rotating Speed Control System, and system needs the display to parameter, working method and motor current operating conditions, and therefore must design a display module in the entire system, consideration scheme is: use two pieces of four seven segment digital tubes displays.Charactron has that brightness is high, operating voltage is low, power consumption is little, be easy to integrated, drive simple, shock-resistant and features such as stable performance, and it can adopt BCD to encode display numeral, and easily, hardware circuit debugging is simple in programming.
The utility model is in Motor Rotating Speed Control System, system needs button to carry out the control of the input of parameter, the setting of working method and motor start-stop, therefore keyboard is an indispensable part in the entire system, namely this uses matrix keyboard to adopt determinant keyboard, and the feature of this keyboard is line, alignment connects input line, output line respectively.Button is arranged on the crosspoint of row, column line, utilizes this matrix structure only to need m root line and n root alignment just can form the keyboard of a button.
As shown in Figure 2, P3.2 and the P3.3 mouth of single-chip microcomputer provides pwm pulse signal to direct current machine, being sent in direct current machine by PC817 driver module drives direct current machine to operate, send current for motor running speed back to single-chip microcomputer by P3.5 mouth by PID detection algorithm to process simultaneously, constantly motor present speed and setting speed are compared the leak control and check drive circuit of its rotating speed as shown in Figure 3, native system adopts 8 Digital sum pipe display speeds, front 4 display setting speed, rear 4 display motor present speeds, design time adopt single-chip microcomputer P0 and P1 port as 8 Digital sum pipes its circuit theory diagrams of link port as shown in Figure 5.Matrix keyboard for setting the operations such as motor speed, unlatching, stopping motor, takies its circuit theory diagrams of P2 mouth of single-chip microcomputer as shown in Figure 6 as man-machine interface.
In the present system owing to the speed of this sampling of motor and the speed of sampling last time will be compared, carry out PID arithmetic by deviation, therefore speed acquisition circuit is the indispensable part of whole system.Apply more common photoelectric velocity measurement method in this design to realize, its specific practice motor shaft will be fixed a disk, and its edge has 4 decile grooves as shown in Figure 4, a light-emitting diode is fixed in the side of disk, its position alignment groove, the position of opposite side and light-emitting diodes parallel light is fixed a phototriode here it should be noted that and replace this set of combination with light electric switch module, if when motor forwards groove to, light-emitting diode light shines on phototriode by gap, triode ON, otherwise triode ends, can show that from figure motor often turns around and will produce 4 low levels at the output of T1.So just can calculate motor now rotating speed according to low level quantity.Such as when motor runs with certain rotating speed, the low umber of pulse that a period of time t inner sensor exports if know is n, then motor speed v=r/s.
Claims (5)
1. a DC motor speed measurement and control system, it is characterized in that: comprise the photoelectric sensor, pulse shaping amplification circuit, the micro controller module that connect successively, and rotating speed display unit, drive circuit unit, key input unit and the power module to be connected with micro controller module, described micro controller module also comprises comparing unit and control unit, and described photoelectric sensor comprises infrared transmitter and infrared remote receiver; Described power module is used for providing electric energy needed for infrared transmitter, infrared remote receiver, micro controller module, display unit, drive circuit unit and key input unit;
Wherein, key input unit, for setting motor speed normal parameter threshold value;
Comparing unit, for contrasting according to actual speed and setting speed, if actual speed is greater than setting speed, then sends a signal to control unit;
Control unit, for the signal sent according to comparing unit, controls motor speed by drive circuit unit;
Display unit, for showing motor speed in real time.
2. a kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described micro controller module adopts STC89C51 single-chip microcomputer.
3. a kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described photoelectric sensor adopts correlation photoelectric sensor.
4. a kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described display unit adopts 4 Digital sum tube displays.
5. a kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described power module is chargeable storage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520053413.6U CN204517711U (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2015-01-26 | A kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520053413.6U CN204517711U (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2015-01-26 | A kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system |
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| CN204517711U true CN204517711U (en) | 2015-07-29 |
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| CN201520053413.6U Expired - Fee Related CN204517711U (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2015-01-26 | A kind of DC motor speed measurement and control system |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105181991A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 成都川睿科技有限公司 | Engine speed measurement system |
| WO2017036000A1 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-09 | 无锡伊佩克科技有限公司 | Rotating speed detection device based on power supply control and output pulse frequency |
| CN106597000A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-04-26 | 中山职业技术学院 | Vinyl record turntable speed measuring instrument |
| CN107769639A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-06 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of motor speed control device |
| CN107790013A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-13 | 广东新宝电器股份有限公司 | Constant-speed stirring method and device |
| CN109163897A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-08 | 陕西宏星电器有限责任公司 | Potentiometer trembles testing machine |
| CN109412475A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-01 | 攀枝花学院 | A kind of DC motor speed measuring and controlling and method |
| CN109965776A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2019-07-05 | 天佑电器（苏州）有限公司 | Driving device and burnisher |
-
2015
- 2015-01-26 CN CN201520053413.6U patent/CN204517711U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017036000A1 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-09 | 无锡伊佩克科技有限公司 | Rotating speed detection device based on power supply control and output pulse frequency |
| CN105181991A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 成都川睿科技有限公司 | Engine speed measurement system |
| CN107790013A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-13 | 广东新宝电器股份有限公司 | Constant-speed stirring method and device |
| CN106597000A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-04-26 | 中山职业技术学院 | Vinyl record turntable speed measuring instrument |
| CN106597000B (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2019-05-03 | 中山职业技术学院 | A kind of vinyl record turntable tachymeter |
| CN107769639A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-06 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of motor speed control device |
| CN109965776A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2019-07-05 | 天佑电器（苏州）有限公司 | Driving device and burnisher |
| CN109163897A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-08 | 陕西宏星电器有限责任公司 | Potentiometer trembles testing machine |
| CN109412475A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-01 | 攀枝花学院 | A kind of DC motor speed measuring and controlling and method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150729 Termination date: 20170126 |