CN204495675U - A kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve - Google Patents
A kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve Download PDFInfo
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- CN204495675U CN204495675U CN201520195836.1U CN201520195836U CN204495675U CN 204495675 U CN204495675 U CN 204495675U CN 201520195836 U CN201520195836 U CN 201520195836U CN 204495675 U CN204495675 U CN 204495675U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve, comprise hydro-extractor, centrifuge tube, Water collecting tube, magnetostriction chi, surge drum, wherein: described hydro-extractor has rotating shaft, rotating disk and display screen; Described centrifuge tube is placed on hydro-extractor rotating disk, and inside has bottom and has apopore, and the pipe lid of described centrifuge tube has measured hole; Described Water collecting tube inside has catchment dividing plate and acrylic graduated cylinder, has view window bottom described Water collecting tube; Described magnetostriction chi is arranged on the Guan Gaichu of centrifuge tube, for measuring the decrement of pedotheque; Described surge drum is placed on hydro-extractor rotating disk, for ensureing the balance of hydro-extractor rotating disk.The utility model can calculate the unit weight of pedotheque according to pedotheque decrement and water discharge, the PF curve of pedotheque can be measured according to corresponding rotating speed, make result more accurate, and weigh and balancing again without the need to pouring out water after measuring at every turn, save surveying work amount and measuring process.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of measurement mechanism of soil characteristic curve, especially a kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve.
Background technology
Characteristic curve of soil moisture is generally also called soil characteristic curve or soil pF curve, and it describes the relation between soil water potential and soil water content.The requisite important parameter of research Soil Moisture Dynamics character, significant in production practices.
The method that method directly measures characteristic curve of soil moisture is by experiment called direct method.Have numerous laboratories and field method in direct method, as tensiometer method, pressure membrane method, centrifuge method, sand core funnel method, balance vapor pressure method etc., and front 3 kinds of application are the most general:
Tensiometer method---be that soil absorbs moisture by potter's clay cup and causes certain vacuum tightness or suction from tensiometer, when soil and the external world reach balance, measure soil matrix gesture, measure the soil moisture content around potter's clay cup again, continuous change soil moisture content also surveys corresponding suction, just can complete the mensuration of characteristic curve of soil moisture.Tensiometer method can be used for dehydration and water suction 2 processes, can measure the characteristic curve of disturbed soil and undisturbed soil, be for the important means of monitor on field soil water dynamics, be used widely in real work.But tensiometer only can measure the characteristic curve of bargain-hunting power scope 0 ~ 0.08Mpa.
Pressure membrane method---be that pressurization makes soil moisture flow out, causing soil matrix potential drop low until matric potential and added pressure equilibrium, measure soil moisture content now. the water cut progressively obtained under different pressures by changing pressure can obtain water characteristic curve.Pressure membrane method can be applicable to disturbed soil and undisturbed soil, and the characteristic curve that the shape of mensuration characteristic curve is intrinsic with soil conforms to, and can be applicable to Dynamic Simulation on Soil Moisture, but determination period is long, there is the problem of soil weight change.
Centrifuge method---water cut corresponding under measuring certain suction, principle is similar with pressure membrane method with experimentation, but the centrifugal force that its source pressure produces in hydro-extractor High Rotation Speed.Centrifuge method can be applicable to disturbed soil and undisturbed soil, and determination period is short.The characteristic curve that the relative shape of characteristic curve is intrinsic with soil conforms to, and can be used for Dynamic Simulation on Soil Moisture.But hydro-extractor only can measure dehydration, and the soil weight alters a great deal in mensuration process, if can correct the impact of unit weight, is expected higher accuracy of measurement.More than the departure degree Primary Study of the water cut of the prediction that Shao Mingan (1985) tests from soil evaporation and actual measurement 3 kinds of methods measure difference and the accuracy of soil matrix gesture, and result shows to consider that the centrifuge method of changing bulk density has higher accuracy.
The measuring process of current centrifuge method is: after cutting ring sample earth, be soaked in water saturated, be then put in centrifuge tube, under different centrifugal force, survey soil moisture content.Its shortcoming is that will take out centrifuge tube after each rotating speed has turned weighs, pour out centrifugal go out water, then put into hydro-extractor after balancing, thus process is loaded down with trivial details, complicated; The characteristic curve of centrifuge method survey simultaneously also can make the soil weight change, and the water content in soil sample error measured is comparatively large, and the soil characteristic curve of thus making is not accurate enough.
Utility model content
For solving above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve, comprises hydro-extractor, centrifuge tube, Water collecting tube, magnetostriction chi, balance pipe, wherein:
Described hydro-extractor inside has rotating shaft and rotating disk, and described hydro-extractor outside has the display screen of display rotating speed;
Described centrifuge tube is located on hydro-extractor rotating disk, comprise at the bottom of pipe shaft, Guan Gai and pipe, wherein said pipe shaft is cylindrical tubular structure, is provided with measured hole in the middle part of described pipe lid, at the bottom of described pipe, central authorities are provided with apopore, and described pipe shaft is inner is provided with near pipe bottom the filter plate matched with tube body diameter size;
Described Water collecting tube is sleeved on bottom centrifuge tube, described Water collecting tube inside is provided with funnel shaped, dismountable dividing plate that catchments, the bottom of the described dividing plate that catchments is provided with gully-hole, the bottom of described Water collecting tube is provided with transparent view window, the inside of described Water collecting tube is provided with the acrylic graduated cylinder be parallel to bottom Water collecting tube, described acrylic graduated cylinder is removably fixed on the view window place bottom Water collecting tube, described acrylic graduated cylinder has tube plug, described tube plug is provided with retaining valve, described retaining valve water side is stretched in acrylic graduated cylinder through tube plug, the flexible pipe that catchments is provided with in described Water collecting tube, described flexible pipe one end of catchmenting is connected to gully-hole, the other end connects the water inlet end of retaining valve, described tube plug is also provided with waterproof vent valve, the sidewall of described Water collecting tube is provided with pore, the outside of described Water collecting tube is provided with the flange of round rectangle integratedly, two straight flanges of described flange are perpendicular to the axis of acrylic graduated cylinder,
Described magnetostriction chi comprises stock, main body, position magnet, display instrument and wire, wherein said stock stretches into centrifuge tube inside by the measured hole in the middle part of the pipe lid of described centrifuge tube, the pipe that described main body is located at centrifuge tube covers, described position magnet to be enclosed within stock and to be located in centrifuge tube, and described display instrument is located at hydro-extractor rotating shaft top and is connected main body by wire;
Described balance pipe is located on the rotating disk of hydro-extractor, and symmetrical centered by hydro-extractor rotating shaft relative to centrifuge tube, causes vibration for avoiding rotating disk when centrifugal uneven.
Hinge structure, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1. the utility model adopts centrifugal force to provide pressure for pedotheque, the moisture of being discharged by pedotheque under setting speed imports in acrylic graduated cylinder by apopore, the dividing plate that catchments, the flexible pipe that catchments, namely the water discharge under corresponding rotating speed is calculated by acrylic measurement cylinder reading, weigh without the need to taking out pedotheque at every turn, greatly reduce surveying work amount;
2. the utility model is without the need to outwelling the moisture of discharging under each setting speed, therefore only needs a balancing, completely all will pour out moisture and balancing again, dramatically reduce measuring process without the need to measuring at every turn;
3. the utility model adopts retaining valve to prevent moisture from flowing backwards, and ensure that the accuracy of measurement result;
4. the utility model by arranging filter plate in centrifuge tube, can effectively prevent mud particles from being spun off by apopore and blocking the flexible pipe that catchments;
5. the utility model is at the flange of Water collecting tube outer setting round rectangle, and when can ensure that Water collecting tube keeps flat, acrylic graduated cylinder is perpendicular to ground, ensure that accuracy of reading, and operation is also very easy;
6. the utility model directly can read the soil compression amount under each setting speed by magnetostriction chi, then the unit weight of the pedotheque under corresponding rotating speed is calculated, and then the water cut of pedotheque is revised, ensure that the accuracy of measurement result, measuring process is very convenient simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall schematic of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of centrifuge tube described in the utility model, Water collecting tube and magnetostriction chi.
Fig. 3 is Water collecting tube bottom schematic view.
In figure: 1-hydro-extractor, 11-rotating shaft, 12-rotating disk, 13-display screen, 2-centrifuge tube, 21-pipe shaft, 22-pipe lid, at the bottom of 23-pipe, 24-measured hole, 25-apopore, 26-filter plate, 3-Water collecting tube, 31-catchments dividing plate, 32-gully-hole, 33-view window, 34-acrylic graduated cylinder, 35-tube plug, 36-retaining valve, 37-catchments flexible pipe, 30-flange, 4-magnetostriction chi, 41-stock, 42-main body, 43-position magnet, 44 display instruments, 45-wire, 5-balance pipe, 6-cutting ring, 7-pedotheque.
Embodiment
By reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiment the technical solution of the utility model is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure soil characteristic curve, comprises hydro-extractor 1, centrifuge tube 2, Water collecting tube 3, magnetostriction chi 4, balance pipe 5, wherein:
Described hydro-extractor inside has rotating shaft 11 and rotating disk 12, and described hydro-extractor 1 outside has the display screen 13 of display rotating speed; Described centrifuge tube 2 is located on the rotating disk 12 of hydro-extractor 1; Described balance pipe 5 is located on the rotating disk 12 of hydro-extractor 1, and with centrifuge tube 2 phase countershaft 11 centered by symmetrical, for ensureing that rotating disk 12 balance movement of hydro-extractor 1 shakes to avoid fuselage.
As shown in Figure 2, described centrifuge tube 2 to comprise at the bottom of pipe shaft 21, pipe lid 22 and pipe 23, wherein said pipe shaft 21 is cylindrical tubular structure, the measured hole 24 for measuring pedotheque decrement is provided with in the middle part of described pipe lid 22, the apopore 25 for draining is provided with in the middle part of 23 at the bottom of described pipe, at the bottom of the inner close pipe of described pipe shaft 21,23 places are provided with the filter plate 26 matched with pipe shaft 21 internal diameter size, and described filter plate 26 is for preventing soil particle by apopore 25;
As Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 3, described Water collecting tube 3 is sleeved on the bottom of centrifuge tube 2, there is in described Water collecting tube 3 the funnel shaped dividing plate 31 that catchments, gully-hole 32 is provided with bottom the described dividing plate 31 that catchments, the bottom of described Water collecting tube 3 is provided with transparent view window 33, described Water collecting tube 3 inside is provided with the acrylic graduated cylinder 34 be parallel to bottom Water collecting tube, described acrylic graduated cylinder 34 is removably fixed on view window 33 place bottom Water collecting tube, described acrylic graduated cylinder 34 has tube plug 35, described tube plug is provided with retaining valve 36, described retaining valve 36 water side is stretched in acrylic graduated cylinder 34 through tube plug 35, the flexible pipe 37 that catchments is provided with in described Water collecting tube 3, described flexible pipe 37 one end of catchmenting is connected to gully-hole 32, the other end connects the water inlet end of retaining valve 36, described tube plug 35 is also provided with waterproof vent valve 38, the sidewall of described Water collecting tube 3 is provided with pore 39, the flange 30 of round rectangle is provided with outside described Water collecting tube 3, two straight flanges of described flange 37 are perpendicular to the axis of acrylic graduated cylinder 34,
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, described magnetostriction chi 4 comprises stock 41, main body 42, position magnet 43, display instrument 44 and wire 45, it is inner that wherein said stock 41 stretches into centrifuge tube 2 by the measured hole 24 in the middle part of the pipe lid 22 of described centrifuge tube 2, described main body 42 is located on the pipe lid 22 of centrifuge tube 2, described position magnet 43 to be enclosed within stock 41 and to be located in centrifuge tube 2, and described display instrument 44 is located at the top of hydro-extractor rotating shaft 12 and is connected main body 42 by wire 45.
The utility model adopt acrylic graduated cylinder automatically to collect moisture that pedotheque under setting centrifuge speed discharges also can its volume of visual record, the decrement of pedotheque intuitively can be measured by magnetostriction chi, all to pour out moisture after avoiding in prior art each measurement to weigh and the problem of balancing again, greatly save surveying work amount and step, improve efficiency; Utilize pedotheque decrement to calculate unit weight to revise water cut simultaneously, ensure that the PF curve measured is more accurate.
Claims (1)
1. the device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve, it is characterized in that, comprise hydro-extractor (1), centrifuge tube (2), Water collecting tube (3), magnetostriction chi (4), balance pipe (5), wherein:
Described hydro-extractor (1) inside has rotating shaft (11) and rotating disk (12), and described hydro-extractor outside has display screen (13);
Described centrifuge tube (2) is located on the rotating disk (12) of hydro-extractor (1), comprise at the bottom of pipe shaft (21), pipe lid (22) and pipe (23), wherein said pipe shaft (21) is cylindrical tubular structure, described pipe lid (22) middle part is provided with measured hole (24), at the bottom of described pipe, (23) central authorities are provided with apopore (25), and at the bottom of the inner close pipe of described pipe shaft (21), (23) place is provided with the filter plate (26) matched with pipe shaft (21) internal diameter size;
Described Water collecting tube (3) is sleeved on centrifuge tube (2) bottom, wherein said Water collecting tube (3) inside is provided with infundibulate, dismountable dividing plate that catchments (31), the bottom of the described dividing plate that catchments (31) is provided with gully-hole (32), the bottom of described Water collecting tube (3) is provided with transparent view window (33), the inside of described Water collecting tube (3) is provided with the acrylic graduated cylinder (34) be parallel to bottom Water collecting tube, described acrylic graduated cylinder (34) is removably fixed on view window (34) place bottom Water collecting tube, described acrylic graduated cylinder (34) has tube plug (35), described tube plug (35) is provided with retaining valve (36), described retaining valve (36) water side is stretched in acrylic graduated cylinder (34) through tube plug (35), the flexible pipe that catchments (37) is provided with in described Water collecting tube (3), the described flexible pipe that catchments (37) one end connects gully-hole (32), the other end connects the water inlet end of retaining valve (36), described tube plug (35) is also provided with waterproof vent valve (38), the sidewall of described Water collecting tube (3) is provided with pore (39), the outside of described Water collecting tube (3) is provided with the flange (30) of round rectangle integratedly, two straight flanges of described flange (30) are perpendicular to the axis of acrylic graduated cylinder (34),
Described magnetostriction chi (4) comprises stock (41), main body (42), position magnet (43), display instrument (44) and wire (45), it is inner that wherein said stock (41) stretches into centrifuge tube (2) by described measured hole (24), described main body (42) is located on the pipe lid (24) of centrifuge tube (2), described position magnet (43) is enclosed within stock (41) and goes up and be located in centrifuge tube (2), described display instrument (44) is located at hydro-extractor rotating shaft (11) top and is connected main body (42) by wire (45),
Described balance pipe (5) is located on the rotating disk (12) of hydro-extractor (1), and symmetrical centered by hydro-extractor rotating shaft (11) relative to centrifuge tube (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520195836.1U CN204495675U (en) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | A kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520195836.1U CN204495675U (en) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | A kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204495675U true CN204495675U (en) | 2015-07-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520195836.1U Expired - Fee Related CN204495675U (en) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | A kind of device utilizing centrifuge method to measure P in soil F curve |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN204495675U (en) |
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2015
- 2015-04-02 CN CN201520195836.1U patent/CN204495675U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150722 Termination date: 20160402 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |