CN204495540U - Plant protection unmanned plane sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform - Google Patents

Plant protection unmanned plane sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204495540U
CN204495540U CN201520070638.2U CN201520070638U CN204495540U CN 204495540 U CN204495540 U CN 204495540U CN 201520070638 U CN201520070638 U CN 201520070638U CN 204495540 U CN204495540 U CN 204495540U
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China
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unmanned plane
rotating shaft
plant protection
hollow rotating
phase flow
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CN201520070638.2U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
薛新宇
崔龙飞
周立新
秦维彩
张宋超
孙竹
孔伟
蔡晨
丁素明
张玲
金永奎
周良富
顾伟
王宝坤
徐竹凤
丁天航
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of plant protection unmanned plane and spray Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, comprise the detection of control desk, analog machine and Pcnten-1 yne-4 and/or wind field detection equipment etc.This analog testing platform is for simulating the low aerial work of plant protection unmanned plane, the indoor dispenser test of different type of machines unmanned plane at different work height, flying speed and different spray concentration can be carried out, be convenient to research unmanned plane low latitude spray medicine Two phase flow field and spray distribution, optimize unmanned plane job parameter, for unmanned plane plant protection operation specifies corresponding code.

Description

Plant protection unmanned plane sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform
Technical field
The utility model belongs to agriculture and forestry aviation machine technical field, is specifically related to a kind of simulation test equipment.
Background technology
In aerial sprays operation, the flying height of plant protection unmanned plane and flying speed are the key factors that quality is sprayed in impact.The corresponding different work parameter of different types, although field test is closer to actual conditions, the factor affecting mist droplet deposition distribution is uncontrollable in the wild.In the wild, the moment change of wind speed and direction can cause the change of flight attitude, and data are quite difficult accurately to make acquisition one, and these uncertainties make to there is sizable difference between revision test.In order to measure different application method or different type of machines shower nozzle to mist droplet deposition drift performance impact, need to design a kind of applicable laboratory testing method.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that proposing a kind of general plant protection unmanned plane sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, provide corresponding analog detection method simultaneously, for research plant protection unmanned plane pesticide spraying gas-liquid two-phase flow field and sprinkling distribution provide means of testing, to make aviation plant protection be able to scientific development.
The technical scheme that the utility model provides is:
A kind of plant protection unmanned plane sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, it is characterized in that, comprises control desk, analog machine and Pcnten-1 yne-4 and detects and/or wind field detection equipment;
Described analog machine be provided with the skyborne beam guideway of frame, along beam guideway movement guide rail electric car, be suspended in elevating mechanism, simulation of wind and spraying system below guide rail electric car and control the servo-control system that guide rail electric car, elevating mechanism, simulation of wind and spraying system run, described servo-control system is connected with console communication by wired or wireless mode;
Described elevating mechanism comprises expansion link and is suspended on the loading stand of expansion link bottom, and described simulation of wind and spraying system are arranged in described loading stand:
The simulation of wind module of simulation of wind and spraying system comprises rotor and rotor drive motor, and described rotor is arranged on a hollow rotating shaft, is positioned at below loading stand; Hollow rotating shaft upper end, through loading stand, is connected with the rotor drive motor in loading stand;
The spray module of simulation of wind and spraying system comprises medicine-chest, liquid pump system, spray boom, shower nozzle and a hollow pipe box, described medicine-chest, liquid pump system are fixed in described loading stand, the upper end of described hollow pipe box is fixedly connected with loading stand, pipe box bottom from described hollow rotating shaft central cavity through stretching out, spray boom is fixedly connected on hollow pipe box bottom, the output pipe of liquid pump system through being connected with spray boom, makes liquid spill from the shower nozzle be arranged on spray boom from hollow pipe box.
Further technical scheme also comprises:
The upper surface of described loading stand is provided with the bearing seat of fixing described hollow rotating shaft, described bearing seat comprises pedestal and is arranged on the rolling bearing in pedestal, hollow rotating shaft passes in the middle of this rolling bearing, be connected with this bearing inner race, hollow rotating shaft carries out power transmission from the upper end that this bearing stretches out by the power output shaft of gear and described rotor drive motor, the gear cap covering gear is fixed on the pedestal of described bearing seat, and the upper end of described hollow pipe box is then fixed in described gear cap.
The blade of described rotor is fixed on the side of hollow rotating shaft by mount pad, described mount pad comprises a mounting base, and hollow rotating shaft is provided with the mounting plane of connection base plate in the position of correspondence; Described mounting base has at least two concentric long arc-shaped holes, and be provided with and the stop screw of long arc-shaped holes adaptation or bolt pair, by the mounting plane locking by mounting base and hollow rotating shaft of stop screw or bolt pair.During use, regulate the Windward angle (propeller pitch angle) of rotor blade by rotating mount pad.
The bottom of described hollow rotating shaft is installed with a rectangle pipe box, and Rotor mount is fixedly connected on the mounting plane of described rectangle pipe box week side.
The joint face of described mounting base and hollow rotating shaft is provided with a central shaft, and mounting plane is provided with the center pit inserting described central shaft, and the center of circle of described long arc-shaped holes is dropped on the axle center of described central shaft.
The below of described loading stand is also provided with the rolling bearing of a fixation hollow rotating shaft, and hollow rotating shaft passes in the middle of this bearing, and be connected with this bearing inner race, this bearing is fixed on below loading stand by bearing sleeve.
The scissor type telescopic mechanism that described expansion link preferably adopts electric cylinder to drive, has higher stability and load-bearing capacity.
Described shower nozzle preferably adopts rotating sprinkler.
Single rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle for platform described above sprays Two phase flow field analog detection method, comprises the following steps:
One) powered on to analog machine servo-control system by control desk, fall loading stand, unmanned plane rotor to be measured is installed, the spacing of adjustment shower nozzle, inclination angle, debugging spray module;
Two) arrange that in indoor relevant position Pcnten-1 yne-4 detects and/or wind field detects equipment;
Three) loading stand is risen to specified altitude assignment by control desk;
Four) rotor drive motor is started by control desk, rotating speed rotor wing rotation being reached specify;
Five) travelled in orbit by control desk drive track electric car, after electric car reaches pre-set velocity, start spray module, in the wind field that shower nozzle is formed at rotor, complete sprinkling;
Six) detection of finishing analysis Pcnten-1 yne-4 and/or wind field detect the information of equipment collection or display, complete simulation and test.
In the unmanned plane that current agriculture and forestry use, single rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle quality is large, rotating speed is high, the single rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle of direct use is larger at shop experiment Hazard ratio, so devise above-mentioned platform to carry out lab simulation, and many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles quality is little, directly be fixed in loading stand by many rotors small-sized plant protection unmanned plane, the gas-liquid two-phase flow field can carrying out small-sized many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles is detected.
Many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles for platform described above spray Two phase flow field analog detection method, comprise the following steps:
One) powered on to servo-control system by control desk, fall loading stand, hollow stem sleeve pipe, spray boom are taken off, many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles to be measured are fixedly connected on below loading stand, adjust the spacing of many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles shower nozzle, inclination angle, debug many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles spraying system;
Two) arrange that in indoor relevant position Pcnten-1 yne-4 detects and/or wind field detects equipment;
Three) loading stand is risen to specified altitude assignment by control desk;
Four) start unmanned plane by the remote-control handle of many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles, make the rotating speed that its rotor reaches predetermined;
Five) travelled in orbit by control desk drive track electric car, after electric car reaches pre-set velocity, the spraying system being started many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles by remote-control handle is sprayed;
Six) detection of finishing analysis Pcnten-1 yne-4 and/or wind field detect the information of equipment collection or display, complete simulation and test.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
When plant protection unmanned plane is sprayed insecticide, revolve Ji produce eddy current Wind under screw by being directly subject to plant protection unmanned plane, the flying height of helicopter low (generally at below 10m) in the actual spraying operation of agricultural chemicals, downward wind field is large to pesticide spraying influential effect.The utility model analog testing platform is for simulating the low aerial work of plant protection unmanned plane, the indoor dispenser test of different type of machines unmanned plane at different work height, flying speed and different spray concentration can be carried out, be convenient to research unmanned plane low latitude spray medicine Two phase flow field and spray distribution, optimize unmanned plane job parameter, for unmanned plane plant protection operation specifies corresponding code.And owing to being in fixing position height, flying speed when analog machine works, metastable wind field can be formed, in revision test, can be stablized, believable test data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of the utility model platform;
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the rail electric car of the utility model list rotor wind field stimulation, elevating mechanism, rotor and spray boom;
Fig. 3 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the side-looking structural representation of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is the perspective view one of the utility model simulation of wind and spraying system;
Fig. 7 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is that Fig. 8 A-A is to cross-sectional view;
Figure 10 is the partial enlargement structural representation of Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is the perspective view two of the utility model simulation of wind and spraying system;
Figure 12 is Figure 11 partial enlargement structural representation;
Figure 13 is that Rotor mount looks up structural representation on mounting platform;
Figure 14 is the perspective view of mount pad and rectangle pipe box;
Figure 15 is the structural representation of the utility model many rotor winds field stimulation embodiment.
Embodiment
In order to find out technical purpose of the present utility model and technical scheme further, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described further.
As shown in Figures 1 to 10, a kind of plant protection unmanned plane sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, comprises the detection of control desk 4, analog machine and Pcnten-1 yne-4 and wind field detection equipment etc.
Described control desk 4 is provided with display and input media, be arranged on the position of the convenient manipulation of experiment indoor occupant, and pre-installation has corresponding function software.
Described analog machine is provided with beam guideway 3, guide rail electric car 1, elevating mechanism 2, simulation of wind and spraying system and controls the servo-control system of guide rail electric car 1, elevating mechanism 2, simulation of wind and spraying system 5 operation, described servo-control system is arranged on guide rail electric car 1 or elevating mechanism 2, communicated to connect by wired or wireless mode and control desk 4, reception control signal feedback data.
Described beam guideway 3 adopts I shape guide rail, is erected at laboratory in the air.Guide rail electric car 1 adopts AC servo motor 1-4 as power source, is slowed down power transmission to wheel side gear band motor car wheel 1-1 rolling by gear set 1-3.
Described elevating mechanism 2 comprises the loading stand 2-3 being fixed on stationary platen 2-1 below guide rail electric car 1 car body 1-2, installing the device such as simulation of wind and spraying system 5, and is connected and fixed the scissor type telescopic bar 2-2 of platen 2-1 and loading stand 2-3.
The simulation of wind module of simulation of wind and spraying system 5 comprises a secondary single rotor 5-1 and rotor drive motor 5-9.Described single rotor 5-1 is arranged at the below of loading stand 2-3, and rotor blade is fixed on the rectangle pipe box 5-20 of hollow rotating shaft 5-13 bottom by mount pad.Described rectangle pipe box 5-20 to be enclosed within hollow rotating shaft and to be welded and fixed, and is provided with the mounting plane of fixed mounting outside it.Described mount pad comprises a mounting base 5-17, described mounting base 5-17 is provided with two centrosymmetric long arc-shaped holes 5-18, as shown in figure 12, and be provided with and the stop screw of long arc-shaped holes 5-18 adaptation or bolt pair 5-19, the position of the corresponding long arc-shaped holes 5-18 of rectangle pipe box 5-20 is provided with circular screwhole or identical long arc-shaped holes; The medial surface that mounting base 5-17 contacts with rectangle pipe box 5-20 is provided with a rotary middle spindle, rectangle pipe box 5-20 mounting plane is provided with the center pit inserting described rotary middle spindle, and the symcenter of described long arc-shaped holes 5-18 drops on the axle center of described rotary middle spindle; The lateral surface of mounting base 5-17 is provided with the support of fixed blades.
When rotor is installed, adjust the relative angle (i.e. blade install angle) of mount pad and rectangle pipe box 5-20, the stop screw be connected with rectangle pipe box 5-20 through long arc-shaped holes 5-18 or bolt pair 5-19 are tightened, thus locking plane bottom plate 5-17 and rectangle pipe box 5-20.
Hollow rotating shaft 5-13 upper end is through loading stand 2-3, be fixed on platen by bearing seat 5-12, described bearing seat 5-12 comprises pedestal and is arranged on the rolling bearing in pedestal, described hollow rotating shaft 5-13 passes in the middle of this rolling bearing, be connected with this bearing inner race, hollow rotating shaft 5-13 carries out power transmission from the upper end that this bearing stretches out by the power output shaft of gear 5-8, gear 5-11 and described rotor drive motor 5-9.Cover gear 5-8, the gear cap 5-10 of gear 5-11 is fixed on the pedestal of described bearing seat 5-12.The below of described loading stand 2-3 is also provided with one and is stuck in angular contact ball bearing 5-15 on hollow rotating shaft, and hollow rotating shaft 5-13 passes in the middle of this bearing, and be connected with this bearing inner race, this bearing is fixed on below loading stand by a bearing sleeve 5-14.
The spray module of simulation of wind and spraying system 5 comprises medicine-chest 5-2, liquid pump system, spray boom 5-4, some rotating sprinkler 5-5 and a hollow pipe box 5-16.Described medicine-chest 5-2, liquid pump system is fixed on described loading stand 2-3, and the upper end of described hollow pipe box 5-16 is fixed on described gear cap 5-10 by flange arrangement, pipe box bottom from described hollow rotating shaft 5-13 central cavity through stretching out (not contacting with hollow rotating shaft), two spray boom 5-4 symmetries are fixedly connected on the left and right sides of hollow pipe box 5-16 bottom, the output pipe of liquid pump system and rotary nozzle circuit etc. all pass from hollow pipe box 5-16, the output pipe of liquid pump system is connected with spray boom 5-4, liquid is spilt from the shower nozzle 5-5 be arranged on spray boom 5-4.Described liquid pump system comprises vane pump 5-6, vane pump motor 5-7 and is arranged on the pressure regulator valve 5-3 on medicine-chest 5-2 and vane pump 5-6 connecting line.
Single rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle for above-mentioned platform sprays a Two phase flow field analog detection method, comprises the following steps:
One) servo-control system of analog machine is started by control desk 4, fall loading stand 2-3 to minimum point, the unmanned plane rotor to be measured connecting portion to hollow rotating shaft 5-13 is installed, the spacing of adjustment shower nozzle 5-5, inclination angle, add certain density liquid to medicine-chest 5-2, debug the whether normal operation such as shower nozzle 5-5 by control desk 4;
Two), after spray module normal operation, arrange that the Pcnten-1 yne-4 such as water sensitive paper, anemoscope tests the equipment used in indoor relevant position;
Three) operating console 4 control inerface, rises loading stand 2-3 (or simulation of wind and spraying system) to specified altitude assignment;
Four) start rotor drive motor 5-9, drive rotor 5-1 to rotate and reach the rotating speed of specifying;
Five) travelled in orbit by control desk 4 drive track electric car 1, regulate the travel speed of electric car by software interface control amplifier, after electric car reaches pre-set velocity, start spray module, in the wind field that shower nozzle 5-5 is formed at rotor 5-1, complete sprinkling;
Six) finishing analysis Pcnten-1 yne-4 detects the data message of equipment collection or display, completes simulation and test, adopts different testing tools, can carry out the 1. plant protection unmanned plane wind field test under indoor and outside weather conditions; 2. sprinkling system flushing liquor drops in aerial and ground spray distribution, deposition, drift performance test; 3. two-phase flow sprinkler performance test etc.
Many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles for platform described above spray a Two phase flow field analog detection method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
One) powered on to servo-control system by control desk 4, fall loading stand 2-3, hollow stem sleeve pipe 5-16, spray boom 5-4 are taken off, many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles 6 to be measured to be bolted or the mode of nylon rope binding is fixedly connected on the below of rectangle pipe box 5-20, adjust the spacing of many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle 6 shower nozzles, inclination angle, debug many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle 6 spraying systems;
Two) arrange that in indoor relevant position Pcnten-1 yne-4 detects and/or wind field detects equipment;
Three) loading stand 2-3 is risen to specified altitude assignment by control desk 4;
Four) start unmanned plane by the remote-control handle of many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles 6, make the rotating speed that its rotor reaches predetermined;
Five) travelled in orbit by control desk 4 drive track electric car 1, after electric car reaches pre-set velocity, the spraying system being started many rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles 6 by remote-control handle is sprayed;
Six) detection of finishing analysis Pcnten-1 yne-4 and/or wind field detect the information of equipment collection or display, complete simulation and dependence test.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present utility model, principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technician of the industry should understand, the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments, what describe in above-described embodiment and instructions just illustrates principle of the present utility model, and under the prerequisite not departing from the utility model spirit and scope, the utility model also has various changes and modifications.The claimed scope of the utility model is defined by appending claims, instructions and equivalent thereof.

Claims (8)

1. plant protection unmanned plane sprays a Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, it is characterized in that, comprises control desk (4), analog machine and Pcnten-1 yne-4 and detects and/or wind field detection equipment;
Described analog machine is provided with the skyborne beam guideway of frame (3), the guide rail electric car (1) along beam guideway (3) movement, the elevating mechanism (2) being suspended in guide rail electric car (1) below, simulation of wind and spraying system (5) and controls the servo-control system that guide rail electric car (1), elevating mechanism (2), simulation of wind and spraying system (5) run, and described servo-control system is communicated to connect by wired or wireless mode and control desk (4);
Described elevating mechanism (2) comprises expansion link (2-2) and is suspended on the loading stand (2-3) of expansion link (2-2) bottom, and it is upper that described simulation of wind and spraying system (5) are arranged on described loading stand (2-3):
The simulation of wind module of simulation of wind and spraying system (5) comprises rotor (5-1) and rotor drive motor (5-9), described rotor (5-1) is arranged on a hollow rotating shaft (5-13), is positioned at loading stand (2-3) below; Hollow rotating shaft (5-13) upper end, through loading stand (2-3), is connected with the rotor drive motor (5-9) in loading stand (2-3);
The spray module of simulation of wind and spraying system (5) comprises medicine-chest (5-2), liquid pump system, spray boom (5-4), shower nozzle (5-5) and a hollow pipe box (5-16), described medicine-chest (5-2), liquid pump system is fixed in described loading stand (2-3), the upper end of described hollow pipe box (5-16) is fixedly connected with loading stand (2-3), pipe box bottom from described hollow rotating shaft (5-13) central cavity through stretching out, spray boom (5-4) is fixedly connected on hollow pipe box (5-16) bottom, the output pipe of liquid pump system passes and is connected with spray boom (5-4) from hollow pipe box (5-16), liquid is sprayed from the shower nozzle (5-5) be arranged on spray boom (5-4).
2. a kind of plant protection unmanned plane according to claim 1 sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, it is characterized in that, the upper surface of described loading stand (2-3) is provided with the bearing seat (5-12) of fixation hollow rotating shaft (5-13), described bearing seat (5-12) comprises pedestal and is arranged on the rolling bearing in pedestal, described hollow rotating shaft (5-13) passes in the middle of this rolling bearing, be connected with this bearing inner race, hollow rotating shaft (5-13) carries out power transmission from the upper end that this bearing stretches out by the power output shaft of gear and described rotor drive motor (5-9), the gear cap (5-10) covering gear is fixed on the pedestal of described bearing seat (5-12), the upper end of described hollow pipe box (5-16) is then fixed in described gear cap (5-10).
3. a kind of plant protection unmanned plane according to claim 2 sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, it is characterized in that, the below of described loading stand (2-3) is also provided with the rolling bearing in a fixation hollow rotating shaft (5-13), hollow rotating shaft (5-13) passes in the middle of this bearing, be connected with this bearing inner race, this bearing is fixed on below loading stand by a bearing sleeve (5-14).
4. a kind of plant protection unmanned plane according to claim 1 sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, it is characterized in that, the blade of rotor (5-1) is fixed on the side of hollow rotating shaft (5-13) by mount pad, described mount pad comprises a mounting base (5-17), and hollow rotating shaft (5-13) is provided with the mounting plane of connection base plate (5-17) in the position of correspondence; Described mounting base (5-17) has at least two concentric long arc-shaped holes (5-18), and be provided with the stop screw adaptive with long arc-shaped holes (5-18) or bolt pair (5-19), by stop screw or bolt pair (5-19), the mounting plane of mounting base (5-17) and hollow rotating shaft is locked.
5. a kind of plant protection unmanned plane according to claim 4 sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described hollow rotating shaft (5-13) is installed with a rectangle pipe box (5-20), and described mount pad is fixedly connected on the mounting plane of all sides of described rectangle pipe box (5-20).
6. a kind of plant protection unmanned plane according to claim 4 or 5 sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, it is characterized in that, described mounting base (5-17) is provided with a central shaft with the joint face of hollow rotating shaft (5-13), mounting plane is provided with the center pit inserting described central shaft, and the center of circle of described long arc-shaped holes (5-18) is dropped on the axle center of described central shaft.
7. a kind of plant protection unmanned plane according to claim arbitrary in claim 1-5 sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, it is characterized in that, described expansion link (2-2) is the scissor type telescopic mechanism adopting electric cylinder to drive.
8. a kind of plant protection unmanned plane according to claim arbitrary in claim 1-5 sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform, and it is characterized in that, described shower nozzle is rotating sprinkler.
CN201520070638.2U 2015-01-30 2015-01-30 Plant protection unmanned plane sprays Two phase flow field lab simulation test platform Withdrawn - After Issue CN204495540U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104614150A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-13 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Indoor simulation testing platform and method for two-phase flow field of spraying of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle
CN105882999A (en) * 2016-05-20 2016-08-24 华南农业大学 Test platform for indoor unmanned aerial vehicle simulation operation
CN107063621A (en) * 2017-03-15 2017-08-18 华南农业大学 Wind field measurement platform and the Wind field measurement method using the platform below unmanned plane rotor
CN110836841A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-25 河南农业大学 Gantry crane type plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle fog drop test bench

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104614150A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-13 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Indoor simulation testing platform and method for two-phase flow field of spraying of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle
CN105882999A (en) * 2016-05-20 2016-08-24 华南农业大学 Test platform for indoor unmanned aerial vehicle simulation operation
CN107063621A (en) * 2017-03-15 2017-08-18 华南农业大学 Wind field measurement platform and the Wind field measurement method using the platform below unmanned plane rotor
CN110836841A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-25 河南农业大学 Gantry crane type plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle fog drop test bench

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Granted publication date: 20150722

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