CN204481723U

CN204481723U - A kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer

Info

Publication number: CN204481723U
Application number: CN201520227087.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程军辉; 黄友锐; 唐超礼; 张超超; 莫文婷; 侯潇潇
Original assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2015-04-15
Filing date: 2015-04-15
Publication date: 2015-07-15
Anticipated expiration: 2025-04-15

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, and it comprises STM32 core controller module, motor real-time state monitoring module, rectification filtering module, three-phase inversion module, voltage reduction module, CAN communication module and light-coupled isolation module.It is characterized in that: described STM32 core controller module connects motor real-time state monitoring module respectively, voltage reduction module and light-coupled isolation module, for real-time data processing and the real-time control to motor, motor real-time state monitoring module connects STM32 core controller and DC brushless motor respectively, for gathering the real-time rotate speed of motor, position, the signal such as electric current and voltage, described three-phase inversion module is respectively at rectification filtering module, light-coupled isolation module and brshless DC motor are connected, with controller mating reaction, direct current is converted to the alternating current controlling brshless DC motor.The utility model can improve the control precision of brshless DC motor, response speed and stability.

Description

A kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer

Technical field

The utility model relates to electric and electronic technical field, is specifically related to a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer

Background technology

Brushless DC motor is a kind of novel motor grown up along with developing rapidly of power electronic technology in recent years, and it is modernization industrial equipment, one of electromechanical compo important in modern science and technology and military equipment.Traditional direct current machine all adopts brush to commutate to mechanically, therefore brings the weakness such as noise, spark, unlimited electrical interference and life-span be short.The commutator that brshless DC motor adopts power electronic device to form replaces traditional mechanical switching device.Therefore brshless DC motor has a series of features such as ac motor structure is simple, reliable, easy to maintenance, the operational efficiency simultaneously possessing again direct current machine is high, without the plurality of advantages such as excitation loss and good speed adjustment features, therefore nowadays brshless DC motor is obtained at Aero-Space, robot controlling, medicine equipment, instrument and meter and white goods industry and applies widely.

Along with the high speed development of science and technology, kind and the function of all kinds of high performance controller for Electric Machine Control are more and more abundanter, arithmetic speed there has also been qualitative leap, and price is more and more cheaper, the STM32F407 series that such as ST Microelectronics produces is specifically designed to Electric Machine Control singlechip chip, its inside has motor control unit, powerful, its work dominant frequency can reach 168MHz, on above-mentioned hardware foundation, the real time control algorithms of function admirable can be realized completely, and write perfect monitoring software.

Realizing in process of the present utility model, inventor finds at least to exist in prior art the defect such as volume is large, cost is high, reliability is low, use is inconvenient and installation difficulty is large.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide kind of an a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, by detecting motor operating state parameter in real time, and combines the actual parameter of electric machine, for brshless DC motor provide the most rationally, the most stable control.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:

Based on a brushless direct current motor controller for STM32 single-chip microcomputer, comprise STM32 core controller module, motor real-time state monitoring module, rectification filtering module, three-phase inversion module, voltage reduction module, CAN communication module and light-coupled isolation module.It is characterized in that: described STM32 core controller module connects motor real-time state monitoring module respectively, voltage reduction module and light-coupled isolation module, for real-time data processing and the real-time control to motor, motor real-time state monitoring module connects STM32 core controller and brshless DC motor respectively, for gathering the real-time rotate speed of motor, position, the signal such as electric current and voltage, described three-phase inversion module is respectively at rectification filtering module, light-coupled isolation module and brshless DC motor are connected, with controller mating reaction, direct current is converted to the alternating current controlling brshless DC motor.

Described a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, is characterized in that: the concrete model of described STM32 core controller is STM32F407VGT6.

Described a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, it is characterized in that: described motor real-time state monitoring module comprises rotating speed acquisition module, current collection circuit and voltage collection circuit, rotating speed acquisition module adopts E6A2-CW3C encoder.

Described a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, is characterized in that: described communication interface adopts CAN communication interface.

Described a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, is characterized in that: realize isolation by light-coupled isolation module between described STM32 core controller module and three-phase inversion module.

Described a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, is characterized in that: the optocoupler model that described light-coupled isolation module adopts is TLP521-1.

Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage of: the utility model adopts STM32F407VGT6 Single Chip MicrocomputerSpecialfor for Motor Control controller, greatly can improve control precision and the stability of brshless DC motor; As compared to adopting the brushless direct current motor controller of DSP with FPGA host, greatly can reduce the cost of controller; Meanwhile, native system adopts the double-closed-loop control of electric current loop and speed ring, and is applied to by fuzzy PI hybrid control algorithm in actual control system, substantially increases system robustness, reduces the torque pulsation of motor, has splendid application prospect.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the present utility model

Fig. 2 is STM32 core controller system block diagram of the present utility model

Fig. 3 is voltage collection circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model

Fig. 4 is current collection circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model

Fig. 5 is optical coupling isolation circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail, but preferred embodiment described herein only for instruction and explanation of the utility model, and is not used in restriction the utility model.

The general structure schematic diagram of the present embodiment system as shown in Figure 1, provide a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, comprise STM32 core controller module, motor real-time state monitoring module, rectification filtering module, three-phase inversion module, voltage reduction module, CAN communication module and light-coupled isolation module.For the 220V alternating current of system power supply becomes direct current after rectification filtering module, on the one hand through voltage reduction module for STM32 core controller provides stable 3.3V voltage, on the other hand STM2 core controller by the turn-on sequence of the switching tube of control three-phase inversion module by this DC inverter for brshless DC motor provides alternating current, wherein STM32 core controller is by isolating by light-coupled isolation module between light-coupled isolation module and three-phase inversion module, ensures the safety of system.STM32 core controller module is also connected with motor real-time state monitoring module, the real-time rotate speed of Real-Time Monitoring brshless DC motor, real time position, real-time current and real-time voltage.Meanwhile, STM32 core controller is also connected with CAN communication interface, is convenient to carry out real-time communication with other equipment, makes system have autgmentability.

The STM32 core controller system block diagram of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 2, STM32F407VGT6 is the concrete model of the kernel control chip that native system adopts, and its peripheral circuit comprises jtag interface, PWM wave form output interface, A/D translation interface, peripheral circuit, RAM/FLASH storage, reset circuit, clock circuit, power circuit and CAN telecommunication circuit.

As shown in Figure 3, shown schematic diagram is for one in three-phase, and other two-phases are identical with this phase, V for the voltage collection circuit schematic diagram of the present embodiment _mOTOfor the virtual voltage of brushless electric machine one phase, as the input voltage of voltage collection circuit, after R1, R3 dividing potential drop, be connected to single-chip microcomputer PA1 mouth after contact resistance R2, C1 is the decoupling capacitor of circuit, and wherein the resistance of R1 is 10K Ω, the resistance of R2 is the resistance of 68 Ω, R3 is 1K Ω.

As shown in Figure 4, shown schematic diagram is for one in three-phase, and other two-phases are identical with this phase, I for the current collection circuit schematic diagram of the present embodiment _sENSOR1be the voltage that a phase current is come through sampling resistor conversion, MCP6024 is integrated 4 operational amplifiers, is a wherein road shown in figure.Wherein R5 is 68 Ω, R7 be 1K Ω and R9 be 10K Ω, VREF is reference voltage.The output port of amplifier is connected to the PA2 port with AD conversion function.

The optical coupling isolation circuit schematic diagram of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 5, the light-coupled isolation chip adopted is TLP521-1, PB12 is that the PWM of single-chip microcomputer exports I/O port, be connected to 2 pins of optocoupler, it is be connected on the power supply of+5V after the resistance R11 of 2K Ω that 1 pin connects resistance, and it is connect VCC after the R12 of 15K Ω to realize pull-up that 4 pins connect resistance, R12 and R13 realizes dividing potential drop, 4 pins connect the G pole that VOUT, VOUT are connected to MOSFET power tube.

In sum, a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer of the utility model above-described embodiment, there is the advantage of conventional dedicated chip Brushless DC Motor Controller, namely special Electric Machine Control mechanism, user-programmable, extended capability is strong, powerful, overcome again their respective shortcoming simultaneously, as peripheral hardware and holder are integrated in chip, the area of printed circuit board (PCB) can be saved, the number of components and parts in reduction system, improve the ability of CPU deal with data and the reliability of whole system, secondly STM32 single-chip microcomputer cost is low, excellent performance, the cost of whole control system is reduced greatly, market prospects are vast.

It is last it is noted that the execution mode in describing above is only preferred implementation of the present utility model; be not limited to the utility model; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite not departing from the utility model structural principle; can also make some improvement and retouching, these improve and also should be considered as protection range of the present utility model with retouching.

Claims

1. the brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer, comprise STM32 core controller module, motor real-time state monitoring module, rectification filtering module, three-phase inversion module, voltage reduction module, CAN communication module and light-coupled isolation module, it is characterized in that: described STM32 core controller module connects motor real-time state monitoring module respectively, voltage reduction module and light-coupled isolation module, for real-time data processing and the real-time control to motor, motor real-time state monitoring module connects STM32 core controller and DC brushless motor respectively, for gathering the real-time rotate speed of motor, position, the signal such as electric current and voltage, described three-phase inversion module respectively with rectification filtering module, light-coupled isolation module and brshless DC motor are connected, with controller mating reaction, direct current is converted to the alternating current controlling brshless DC motor.

2. a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concrete model of described STM32 core controller is STM32F407VGT6.

3. a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motor real-time state monitoring module comprises rotating speed acquisition module, current collection circuit and voltage collection circuit, rotating speed acquisition module adopts E6A2-CW3C encoder.

4. a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described communication interface adopts CAN communication interface.

5. a kind of brushless direct current motor controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: realize isolation by light-coupled isolation module between described STM32 core controller module and three-phase inversion module.