CN204439658U - 旋转速度传感器 - Google Patents

旋转速度传感器 Download PDF

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CN204439658U
CN204439658U CN201420331560.0U CN201420331560U CN204439658U CN 204439658 U CN204439658 U CN 204439658U CN 201420331560 U CN201420331560 U CN 201420331560U CN 204439658 U CN204439658 U CN 204439658U
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rotation speed
speed sensor
input signal
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value
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F.拉斯博尼希
B.沙费尔
C.施罗尔斯
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Infineon Technologies AG
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/489Digital circuits therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/24471Error correction
    • G01D5/2448Correction of gain, threshold, offset or phase control
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/24471Error correction
    • G01D5/2449Error correction using hard-stored calibration data

Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种旋转速度传感器,其包括至少一个用于检测所述旋转速度传感器的磁输入信号的传感器元件、具有可编程的时间常数的时间监视器、和输出控制电路,其中当在等于所述时间监视器的被编程的时间常数的时间间隔内没有检测到所述旋转速度传感器的磁输入信号的最小值或最大值或输出切换事件时,所述时间监视器生成超时事件,并且其中当在所述时间间隔内检测到所述磁输入信号的最小值或最大值或输出切换事件并且所述磁输入信号的变化大于预定值时,所述输出控制电路将所述旋转速度传感器的输出信号从第一值改变为第二值。

Description

旋转速度传感器
技术领域
本实用新型涉及旋转速度传感器。
背景技术
目前,对基于霍尔技术或xMR技术的旋转速度传感器,存在关于大的磁气隙和相应的占空比(40-60%--例如7mA/14mA的输出信号的Ton与Toff之比)的客户要求以及对间接式胎压监控功能(iTMPF,indirect Tire Pressure Monitoring Functionality)的附加的低输出抖动应用要求。此外,还存在另一应用请求,即(例如针对上坡防退器功能)能够实现所谓的0Hz能力。
然而,迄今为此,没有一种旋转速度传感器能够在一个传感器产品中以合理的成本同时满足上述这三种要求。
实用新型内容
因此,本实用新型所基于的任务是,提供一种旋转速度传感器,其能够克服现有技术的上述缺陷,即同时以合理的成本满足上述三种客户和应用要求。
根据本实用新型,提供一种旋转速度传感器,该旋转速度传感器包括至少一个用于检测所述旋转速度传感器的磁输入信号的传感器元件、具有可编程的时间常数的时间监视器、和输出控制电路,其中当在等于所述时间监视器的被编程的时间常数的时间间隔内没有检测到所述旋转速度传感器的磁输入信号的最小值或最大值或输出切换事件时,所述时间监视器生成超时事件,并且其中当在所述时间间隔内检测到所述磁输入信号的最小值或最大值或输出切换事件并且所述磁输入信号的变化大于预定值时,所述输出控制电路将所述旋转速度传感器的输出信号从第一值改变为第二值。
根据本实用新型的一种优选的实施方式,所述旋转速度传感器此外包括模拟信号处理块,该模拟信号处理块包括模拟信号调节块和模拟比较器,其中至少一个传感器元件所检测的磁输入信号被输入到模拟信号调节块并经由模数转换器被传输给数字信号处理装置和所述时间监视器。
根据本实用新型的一种优选的实施方式,所述输出控制电路根据在所述时间监视器的最后的超时事件时所述磁输入信号的值确定所述磁输入信号的变化。
根据本实用新型的一种优选的实施方式,当所述时间监视器生成超时事件时,所述时间监视器的被编程的时间常数被重新编程为新时间常数。优选地,该新时间常数例如是时间监视器的被编程的时间常数的两倍或四倍等等。
根据本实用新型的一种优选的实施方式,当在所述时间间隔内检测到所述磁输入信号的最小值或最大值或输出切换事件并且所述磁输入信号的变化大于预定值时,所述时间监视器的时间常数被恢复为被编程的时间常数。
优选地,至少一个传感器元件是xMR传感器(例如异向性磁阻/巨磁电阻/隧道磁阻传感器)或霍尔传感器。
根据本实用新型的一种优选的实施方式,所述输出控制电路包括异步逻辑电路,用于接收所述模拟比较器的输出并且执行未被定时的信号处理,以便避免量化噪声。
例如,所述旋转速度传感器此外包括数字偏移控制装置,该数字偏移控制装置的输出经由偏移补偿数模转换器被反馈给所述模拟信号处理块。
例如,所述模拟信号调节块包括串联的放大器和低通滤波器。
本实用新型的核心是针对车辆的非常缓慢的车轮速度并且与此相应地旋转速度传感器的缓慢的输出信号能够实现时间监视器的时间常数的相应地必要的适配。
利用该产品构思,可以基于现有的旋转速度传感器实现所谓的0Hz功能并且与现有的旋转速度传感器相比特别是在典型的应用条件下获得根据规范的惯常的特性。利用该解决方案还确保相应传感器的典型的防抱死制动系统ABS特性被得到或保持兼容,使得关于标准应用例如不必在电子控制单元ECU之内进行适配(软件适配)。从顾客的角度来看,这可能将提供以相对低的附加的电路和数字算法花费来利用该功能(0Hz功能)的很大激励。
该解决方案的另一优点是,在非常缓慢的信号的情况下,甚至在存在(例如由传感器元件和/或电子分析电路引起的)大的偏移跳跃或车轮静止时,通过时间监视器将数字状态机复位并且与此关联地得到输出切换,由此不产生脉冲损耗,即能够实现上坡防退器功能。
附图说明
本实用新型的这些和其它特征和优点将通过以下参考附图的详细描述而变得明显,在附图中:
图1示出根据本实用新型的旋转速度传感器的原理的示意性框图,以及
图2示意性地示出根据本实用新型的旋转速度传感器中的时间监视器的特性的一个例子。
具体实施方式
现在将参考示出本实用新型的原理框图的附图在下文中更全面地描述本实用新型的实施例。然而,本实用新型可以以许多不同的形式来具体实施并且不应该被解释为受限于本文所阐述的实施例。
在本文中所使用的术语仅仅用于描述特定实施例的目的并且不意图限制本实用新型。如本文所使用的那样,单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该”意图也包括复数形式,除非上下文以其它方式明确指示。还将理解,当在本文中使用术语“包括”和/或“包含”时,其指定所叙述的特征、整体、元件和/或部件的存在,但是不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、元件、部件和/或其组群的存在或添加。
除非以其它方式限定,本文所使用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)具有与如本实用新型所属领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同的含义。还将理解本文所使用的术语应该被解释为具有与它们在该说明书的背景以及相关领域中的含义一致的含义,并且将不会以理想化或过分形式的方式解释,除非在本文中明确如此限定。
图1示意性地示出根据本实用新型的旋转速度传感器的原理的框图。该旋转速度传感器包括用于检测所述旋转速度传感器的磁输入信号的至少一个传感器元件1、模拟信号处理块2、用于进行数字信号处理的数字核心5和数字输出端8,其中所述模拟信号处理块2例如可以包括模拟信号调节块3和主比较器4,该主比较器4例如可以是时间连续的模拟比较器。
所述至少一个传感器元件1例如可以是异向性磁阻(AMR)/巨磁电阻(GMR)/隧道磁阻(TMR)传感器或霍尔传感器。
在本实用新型的一种实施方式中,所述模拟信号调节块3可以包括串联的放大器和低通滤波器(未示出)。
所述数字核心5包括数字信号处理装置11、输出控制单元12和具有预先确定的时间常数的时间监视器6,其中该时间常数可以以编程的方式被预先确定。根据本实用新型的一个实施例,模拟信号调节块3的输出除了被传输给主比较器4之外还通过模数转换器9被数字化并且然后被传输到数字信号处理装置11,以便被进一步处理并且寻找磁输入信号的最小值和最大值。
如果在等于时间监视器6的预先确定的时间常数的例如700ms的时间间隔内没有检测到旋转速度传感器的磁输入信号的最小值或最大值或输出切换,则所述时间监视器6 生成超时事件。根据本实用新型的一个实施例,当所述时间监视器6生成超时事件时,所述时间监视器6的预先确定的时间常数被重新编程为新时间常数。该新时间常数例如可以是所述时间监视器的被预先确定的时间常数的两倍或四倍等等。根据本实用新型的一个实施例,所述输出控制单元12根据在所述时间监视器6的最后的超时事件时所述磁输入信号的值确定所述磁输入信号的变化。
当在等于所述时间监视器6的预先确定的时间常数的、例如700ms的时间周期内检测到所述磁输入信号的最小值或最大值或输出切换并且所述磁输入信号的变化小于预定值时,所述输出控制单元12将所述旋转速度传感器的输出信号从第一值改变为第二值,即切换所述旋转速度传感器的输出。优选地,在此情况下,所述时间监视器6的时间常数被恢复为所述预先确定的时间常数。
优选地,所述输出控制单元12包括异步逻辑电路7,用于执行未被定时的信号处理,以便避免量化噪声。异步逻辑电路7的输出连接到数字输出端8上,其中所述数字输出端8在此情况下是异步输出端。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例,所述数字核心5此外例如可以包括数字偏移控制装置(未示出),该数字偏移控制装置的输出经由偏移补偿数模转换器10被反馈给所述模拟信号处理块2,以便在数字输出端8上能够提供根据无偏移速度信号的输出信号。
图2示意性地示出根据本实用新型的旋转速度传感器中的时间监视器的特性的一个例子。在图2中上面的曲线图中示出了车轮静止时的磁输入信号以及在随着温度和时间的磁场漂移情况下的磁输入信号的时间变化曲线。当利用根据本实用新型的时间监视器对数字状态机进行重新校准时再次能够进行磁输入信号的最大值和最小值检测。在图2中下面的曲线图中示出了旋转速度传感器的输出信号的时间变化曲线。当利用根据本实用新型的时间监视器对数字状态机进行重新校准时再次能够进行输出切换。
根据本实用新型,利用磁输入信号的最小值和最大值不仅可以确定对于“隐藏”磁滞功能所需的当前的磁场幅度,而且可以确定输入信号的偏移。该偏移一方面由外部磁场(例如极轮或齿轮)和/或模拟信号处理块的电偏移引起。利用该偏移信息,可以借助偏移补偿数模转换器使切换信号重新居中,以便获得所期望的50%的占空比或也防止由温度跳跃所引起的偏移漂移可能导致信号损失并且因此也导致输出切换的损失。
尽管上文已经通过示例性实施例详细描述了本实用新型及其优点,但是本领域技术人员应当理解,在不脱离由所附权利要求限定的本实用新型的精神和范围的情况下,可以对本实用新型进行多种替换和变型。

Claims (7)

1.一种旋转速度传感器,包括至少一个用于检测所述旋转速度传感器的磁输入信号的传感器元件,其特征在于,所述旋转速度传感器此外包括具有可编程的时间常数的用于当在等于所述时间监视器的被编程的时间常数的时间间隔内没有检测到所述旋转速度传感器的磁输入信号的最小值或最大值或输出切换事件时生成超时事件的时间监视器、和用于当在所述时间间隔内检测到所述磁输入信号的最小值或最大值或输出切换事件并且所述磁输入信号的变化大于预定值时将所述旋转速度传感器的输出信号从第一值改变为第二值的输出控制电路,其中所述时间监视器和所述输出控制电路被布置在所述至少一个传感器元件的下游并且彼此连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的旋转速度传感器,其中,所述旋转速度传感器还包括模拟信号处理块,该模拟信号处理块包括模拟信号调节块和模拟比较器,其中至少一个传感器元件所检测的磁输入信号被输入到模拟信号调节块并经由模数转换器被传输给所述时间监视器。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的旋转速度传感器,其中,所述至少一个传感器元件是xMR传感器或霍尔传感器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的旋转速度传感器,其中,所述xMR传感器是异向性磁阻传感器或巨磁电阻传感器或隧道磁阻传感器。
5.根据权利要求2所述的旋转速度传感器,其中,所述输出控制电路包括异步逻辑电路,用于接收所述模拟比较器的输出并且执行未被定时的信号处理,以便避免量化噪声。
6.根据权利要求2所述的旋转速度传感器,其中,所述旋转速度传感器还包括数字偏移控制装置,该数字偏移控制装置的输出经由偏移补偿数模转换器被反馈给所述模拟信号处理块。
7.根据权利要求2所述的旋转速度传感器,其中,所述模拟信号调节块包括串联的放大器和低通滤波器。
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