Background technology
Along with the requirement of people to information security is more and more higher, traditional numerical ciphers or nine grids password can not meet the requirement of people to information security.Bio-identification is widely used in the electronic equipment of a new generation, and fingerprint is a kind of biometric feature be most widely used at present.The rough shape in fingerprint surface constitutes the lines of fingerprint, and lines is ridge shape shape, and the lines of its protrusions is called line peak, and recessed part is called line paddy.The smooth grain pattern of fingerprint characteristic and finger surface line peak and line paddy composition, its randomness is very strong.Research shows: fingerprint characteristic has uniqueness, stability feature, can realize identification accordingly.
Before carrying out fingerprint recognition, first need collection biological specimen or fingerprint image also therefrom to extract fingerprint characteristic as reference during fingerprint recognition, this fingerprint characteristic is stored in fingerprint recognition system; When carrying out fingerprint recognition, need collection fingerprint bio sample or fingerprint image also therefrom to extract fingerprint characteristic equally, being made comparisons with fingerprint reference before by this fingerprint characteristic reaches authentication object.
Please refer to the drawing 1, Chinese patent 200710129193.0 discloses a kind of fingerprint detection circuit, it comprises outer electrode 10, detecting unit 20, resistance 30 and signal and produces source 40, outer electrode 10 and signal produce source 40 and are coupled to datum Vcmb and Vcma respectively, detecting unit 20 is coupled to signal by resistance 30 and produces source 40, testing circuit also comprises an output terminal OUT and is coupled between detecting unit 20 and resistance 30, output terminal OUT connection judgment circuit and analog to digital converter.Between the lines that different detecting units 20 is different from finger 50 surface, equivalence forms many capacitance components with different capacitance, source 40 is produced for signal, resistance 30 and capacitance component then form a filtering circuit, the reference signal that therefore can provide according to signal generation source 40 on output terminal OUT, along with the detection signal that the resistance value of resistance 30 is different from the different and corresponding generations of the capacitance of capacitance component, thus realize fingerprint detection.
But technique scheme exists following defect: first, because the electric capacity of capacitance component is very little, suitable cutoff frequency be obtained and just require that resistance 30 is very large, be integrated on chip and can consume very large cost; Secondly, need experience multiple " comparer detects-> input signal and regulates " cycle to determine final DC level when detecting single fingerprint pixel, the sense cycle of accuracy of detection more high request is longer, result in detection speed and these two important indicators of accuracy of detection can not get both; Finally, the signal of this patent produces source 40 and constitutes a closed loop with analog to digital converter, makes circuit there is the risk of loop instability.
In sum, existing fingerprint detection circuit, circuit cost is higher, and circuit stability is poor, and fingerprint detection speed is slower.
Utility model content
The utility model is intended at least to solve one of technical matters existed in prior art.For this reason, the utility model needs to provide a kind of fingerprint detection circuit, a kind of fingerprint sensor and a kind of finger print detection device.
A kind of fingerprint detection circuit, this fingerprint detection circuit is by calculating finger capacitance to realize fingerprint detection, this fingerprint detection circuit comprises signal generating unit, emitting electrode, fingerprint detection unit, signal amplifier, inductance element and signal processing circuit, this signal generating unit is connected with this emitting electrode and passes through this emitting electrode and transmits AC signal to pointing, the fingerprint ridge paddy information of this this finger of fingerprint detection unit inspection also exports electric signal, this signal amplifier is connected with this fingerprint detection unit and this electric signal is carried out amplification and processes, this inductance element is connected between the negative input of this signal amplifier and output terminal, this signal processing circuit connects the output terminal of this signal amplifier and calculates this finger capacitance according to the electric signal after this amplification.
Above-mentioned fingerprint detection circuit, the function using an inductance element can realize large resistance could to realize, do not need the resistive element that a resistance is very large, while raising fingerprint detection precision, effectively reduce circuit noise, and significantly reduce power consumption and the area of circuit.The circuit of above-mentioned fingerprint detection circuit is simple and stability is high, easily realizes, and circuit cost is lower.
In one embodiment, this signal processing circuit is according to this finger capacitance of following formulae discovery C
f:
C
f=-Vo/Vi LS
2, wherein Vo is the voltage of the electric signal gained after this this amplification of signal processing circuit process, and Vi is the voltage magnitude of this AC signal, and L is the induction reactance of this inductance element, and S is the frequency of this AC signal.
In one embodiment, this signal processing circuit comprises the analog signal processing module, analog-to-digital conversion module and the digital signal processor that connect successively, and the input end of this analog signal processing module connects the output terminal of this signal amplifier.
In one embodiment, this AC signal is sine wave, square wave or triangular wave.
A kind of fingerprint sensor, comprise frame, protective seam and by the two-dimensional detection array of multiple fingerprint detection unit by rearranging, this bezel circumnavigates is around this two-dimensional detection array, and this protective seam covers this two-dimensional detection array.
A kind of finger print detection device, comprise fingerprint detection circuit and fingerprint sensor, this fingerprint detection circuit is by calculating finger capacitance to realize fingerprint detection, this fingerprint detection circuit comprises signal generating unit, emitting electrode, signal amplifier, inductance element and signal processing circuit, this fingerprint sensor comprises frame and by the two-dimensional detection array of multiple fingerprint detection unit by rearranging, this bezel circumnavigates is around this two-dimensional detection array, this signal generating unit is connected with this emitting electrode and passes through this emitting electrode and transmits AC signal to pointing, this emitting electrode is electrically connected with this frame, this two-dimensional detection array detects the fingerprint ridge paddy information of this finger and exports electric signal, this signal amplifier is connected with this two-dimensional detection array and this electric signal is carried out amplification and processes, this inductance element is connected between the negative input of this signal amplifier and output terminal, this signal processing circuit connect this signal amplifier output terminal and for calculating this finger capacitance according to the electric signal after this amplification.
In one embodiment, this signal processing circuit is according to this finger capacitance of following formulae discovery C
f:
C
f=-Vo/Vi LS
2, wherein Vo is the voltage of the electric signal gained after this this amplification of signal processing circuit process, and Vi is the voltage magnitude of this AC signal, and L is the induction reactance of this inductance element, and S is the frequency of this AC signal.
In one embodiment, this signal processing circuit comprises the analog signal processing module, analog-to-digital conversion module and the digital signal processor that connect successively, and the input end of this analog signal processing module connects the output terminal of this signal amplifier.
In one embodiment, this AC signal is sine wave, square wave or triangular wave.
In one embodiment, this fingerprint sensor also comprises the protective seam covering this two-dimensional detection array.
Above-mentioned finger print detection device, the function using an inductance element can realize large resistance could to realize, do not need the resistive element that a resistance is very large, while raising fingerprint detection precision, effectively reduce circuit noise, and significantly reduce power consumption and the area of circuit.The circuit of above-mentioned finger print detection device is simple and stability is high, easily realizes, and circuit cost is lower.
Additional aspect of the present utility model and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiment of the present utility model, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Being exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the utility model, and can not being interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
In description of the present utility model, it is to be appreciated that term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise one or more described features.In description of the present utility model, the implication of " multiple " is two or more, unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrically connected or can intercom mutually; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the utility model can be understood as the case may be.
Disclosing hereafter provides many different embodiments or example is used for realizing different structure of the present utility model.Of the present utility model open in order to simplify, hereinafter the parts of specific examples and setting are described.Certainly, they are only example, and object does not lie in restriction the utility model.In addition, the utility model can in different example repeat reference numerals and/or reference letter, this repetition is to simplify and clearly object, itself does not indicate discussed various embodiment and/or relation between setting.In addition, the various specific technique that the utility model provides and the example of material, but those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize the application of other techniques and/or the use of other materials.
Refer to Fig. 2, the fingerprint detection circuit 100 of the utility model better embodiment, comprise signal generating unit 102, emitting electrode 104, fingerprint detection unit 106, signal amplifier 108, inductance element 110 and signal processing circuit 112.This fingerprint detection circuit 100 is by calculating finger capacitance to realize fingerprint detection.
This signal generating unit 102 is connected with this emitting electrode 104 and transmits AC signal by this emitting electrode 104 to pointing.Such as, this AC signal is sine wave, square wave or triangular wave.The voltage of this AC signal is Vi, and the frequency of this AC signal is S.
This fingerprint detection unit 106 detects the fingerprint ridge paddy information of this finger and exports electric signal.AC signal is passed to finger by emitting electrode 104, forms an electric capacity C between finger and fingerprint detection unit 106
fclose together between the line peak place of fingerprint and fingerprint detection unit 106, distant between line paddy place and fingerprint detection unit 106, so the electric capacity formed between line peak and fingerprint detection unit 106 and the electric capacity that formed between line paddy and fingerprint detection unit 106 are discrepant, as long as the electric capacity C between them detected
f, just can separate the ridge paddy feature of finger print information.
This signal amplifier 108 is connected with this fingerprint detection unit 106 and this electric signal is carried out amplification and processes.Because the output voltage signal detected is very little, needs to be connected to a signal amplifier 108, the voltage signal obtained is amplified.
Between the negative input that this inductance element 110 is connected to this signal amplifier 108 and output terminal, this inductance element 110 is for carrying out filtering.The positive input ground connection of this signal amplifier 108.
This signal processing circuit 112 connects the output terminal of this signal amplifier 108 and calculates finger capacitance according to this electric signal.Finger capacitance herein specifically refers to the electric capacity C between finger and fingerprint detection unit 106
f.In present embodiment, this signal processing circuit 112 comprises the analog signal processing module (ASP processing module) 114, analog-to-digital conversion module (A/D module) 116 and the digital signal processor (DSP) 118 that connect successively, and the input end of this analog signal processing module 114 connects the output terminal of this signal amplifier 108.
Particularly, this signal processing circuit 112 is according to this finger capacitance of following formulae discovery C
f: C
f=-Vo/Vi LS
2, wherein Vo is the voltage that this signal amplifier 108 processes the electric signal gained after this amplification, and Vi is the voltage magnitude of this AC signal, and L is the induction reactance of this inductance element 110, and S is the frequency of this AC signal.
Above-mentioned fingerprint detection circuit 100, the function using an inductance element 110 can realize large resistance could to realize, do not need the resistive element that a resistance is very large, while raising fingerprint detection precision, effectively reduce circuit noise, and significantly reduce power consumption and the area of circuit.The circuit of above-mentioned fingerprint detection circuit 100 is simple and stability is high, and easily realize, circuit cost is lower.
Please refer to the drawing 3 composition graphs 4, the fingerprint sensor 200 of the utility model better embodiment comprises frame 202, protective seam 204 (ginseng Fig. 4) and by the two-dimensional detection array 208 of multiple fingerprint detection unit 206 by rearranging.
This frame 202 is looped around this two-dimensional detection array 208 around, and provides reference signal (such as AC signal) when fingerprint detection by finger.
This protective seam 204 covers this two-dimensional detection array 208.Particularly, layer protective layer 204 (ginseng Fig. 4) is coated with above the top conductors layer 210 of fingerprint detection unit 206.The material of this protective seam 204 is insulating material, as fingerprint sensor 200 encapsulating structure and provide protection for inner detection architecture.
Fingerprint detection unit 206 in Fig. 3 completes the collection of the single pixel to fingerprint image, the electric capacity C formed between the top conductors layer 210 and finger of fingerprint detection unit 206
fsize just represent the line peak of fingerprint or the feature of line paddy, so all detecting units 206 of detection arrays 208 with point the multiple electric capacity C formed
fjust represent the feature of fingerprint image.
When finger 500 is positioned on fingerprint sensor 200, frame 202 just achieves with finger and is connected, and frame 202 provides reference signal by finger 500 and complete the collection to fingerprint graph together with detection arrays 208.
Above-mentioned fingerprint sensor 200 can form finger print detection device with fingerprint detection circuit, and provides required finger capacitance for fingerprint detection circuit.
Please refer to the drawing 4 is composition graphs 3 also, the finger print detection device 300 of the utility model better embodiment comprises fingerprint detection circuit 302 and fingerprint sensor 200, and this fingerprint detection circuit 302 comprises signal generating unit 306, emitting electrode 308, signal amplifier 310, inductance element 312 and signal processing circuit 314.This fingerprint detection circuit 302 is by calculating finger capacitance to realize fingerprint detection.
This signal generating unit 306 is connected with this emitting electrode 308 and transmits AC signal by this emitting electrode 308 to pointing.Such as, this AC signal is sine wave, square wave or triangular wave.The voltage of this AC signal is Vi, and the frequency of this AC signal is S.
This signal amplifier 310 is connected with this fingerprint sensor 200 and the electric signal exported by fingerprint sensor 200 carries out amplification processes.Because the output voltage signal detected is very little, needs to be connected to a signal amplifier 310, the voltage signal obtained is amplified.
Between the negative input that this inductance element 312 is connected to this signal amplifier 310 and output terminal, this inductance element 312 carries out filtering.The positive input ground connection of signal amplifier 310.This signal amplifier 310 is operational amplifier.This signal processing circuit 314 connects the output terminal of this signal amplifier 310 and calculates finger capacitance according to this electric signal.In present embodiment, this signal processing circuit 314 comprises the analog signal processing module (ASP processing module) 316, analog-to-digital conversion module (A/D module) 318 and the digital signal processor (DSP) 320 that connect successively, and the input end of this analog signal processing module 316 connects this output terminal of this signal amplifier 310.
The frame 202 of fingerprint sensor 200 is electrically connected with emitting electrode 308, and provides reference signal (such as AC signal) when fingerprint detection by finger.
When detecting finger print, signal generating unit 306 transmits AC signal to finger by emitting electrode 308 and frame 202, for each fingerprint detection unit 206, its conductor layer 210 forms the detecting electrode of fingerprint inductance capacitance as with finger surface, therefore, fingerprint detection unit 206 can be considered a detecting electrode, the positive input terminal of signal amplifier 310 is connected to set potential 0, like this, by the short characteristic of void of signal amplifier 310 positive-negative input end mouth, detecting electrode 206 can remain on set potential 0 always.
As shown in Figure 4, when above finger 500 is positioned over protective seam 204, the fingerprint being positioned at protective seam 204 upper surface defines inductance capacitance C with the detecting electrode 206 be positioned at below protective seam 204
f, due to the structure of fingerprint, make the inductance capacitance C that line peak and line paddy and detecting electrode are formed
fvary in size, by detecting C
fjust can obtain the information in fingerprint of finger surface.
The simulating signal that signal amplifier 310 exports need carry out the process such as integer, integration through ASP processing module 316, carries out analog to digital conversion, just can obtain the digitized result of Vo after DSP320 process through A/D module 318.According to Vo=-Vi LC
fs
2, then C
f=-Vo/Vi LS
2, finger capacitance C can be obtained
fsize.
Above-mentioned finger print detection device 300, the function using an inductance element 312 can realize large resistance could to realize, do not need the resistive element that a resistance is very large, while raising fingerprint detection precision, effectively reduce circuit noise, and significantly reduce power consumption and the area of circuit.The circuit of above-mentioned finger print detection device 300 is simple and stability is high, and easily realize, circuit cost is lower.
In the description of this instructions, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " exemplary embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with described embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example.In this manual, identical embodiment or example are not necessarily referred to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrate and described embodiment of the present utility model, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments when not departing from principle of the present utility model and aim, scope of the present utility model is by claim and equivalents thereof.