CN204349750U - The brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula - Google Patents

The brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204349750U
CN204349750U CN201420262334.1U CN201420262334U CN204349750U CN 204349750 U CN204349750 U CN 204349750U CN 201420262334 U CN201420262334 U CN 201420262334U CN 204349750 U CN204349750 U CN 204349750U
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rotor
permanent magnet
magnet body
synchronous generator
phase synchronous
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林绢华
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Abstract

The brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula, comprises stator (1) and rotor (2), and rotor core is formed by custom-designed rotor punching (21) pressure that changes.Arrange in rotor core and radial permanent magnet body, tangential permanent magnet body and rotor windings are installed; Damping sheet has been installed at rotor core two ends.Rotor punching (21) upper punch has rotor shaft hatch (22), two dovetail grooves (23), on rotor punching, also punching has four special-shaped slots (24), two rectangular channels (25), 12 damping holes (26), 6 fabrication holes (27).The utility model achieves the new structure of the brushless single phase synchronous generator of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formulas, its rotor only has a set of rotor windings, and be in series with unilateral diode Z and form closed-loop path, tangential permanent magnet body running magnetic field alterable, without voltage regulator (AVR) voltage regulation can reach ± 5% within, be better than permanent magnet generator to be generally greater than ± the range level of 10%.

Description

The brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula
Technical field
The utility model relates to the brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula, belongs to brushless single-phase synchronous machine technical field.
Background technology
In portable power source, mixed excitation synchronous generator research and development become focus already, and the market demand is vigorous.But present mixed excitation synchronous generator structure majority is secondary motor or multipolar dynamo to be formed, and the axial length of motor is long, complex structure, and the advantage of composite excitation plays undesirable.In portable power source, the overall dimensions of generator and weight are also usually subject to many restrictions.Therefore, how to develop composite excitation single pivot formula no-brush synchronous generator and become an important topic.Existing composite excitation single pivot formula three-phase brushless synchronous generator research report at present, but the composite excitation single pivot formula brushless three-phase synchronous generator rotor of this research is furnished with two cover winding, winding construction is very complicated, manufactures difficulty; And electricity excitation magnetic field and magnetic field of permanent magnet formed is tandem type mixed structure, reduce efficiency, improve temperature rise, add the danger of permanent magnet generation irreversible demagnetization, reduce reliability; In addition, so far there are no the brushless single phase synchronous generator practical product report of composite excitation single pivot formula, if above-mentioned this single-hinge brushless structure is applied in single phase synchronous generator, efficiency can be lower, temperature rise can be higher, and the danger of permanent magnet generation irreversible demagnetization is larger, and reliability is lower, more be not suitable for in single-phase brush-less synchronous generator, therefore the brushless single phase synchronous generator of composite excitation single pivot formula is still in blank.
In view of this, necessaryly fill up the brushless single phase synchronous generator of composite excitation single pivot formula this is blank, and the shortcomings that above-mentioned tandem type composite excitation single-hinge brushless structure exists should be overcome, develop the brushless single phase synchronous generator of composite excitation single pivot formula of new structure, make manufacturing easier, performance is better, and cost is lower, and efficiency is higher, temperature rise is lower, when can avoid high temperature and short circuit, permanent magnet demagnetization is dangerous, and reliability is higher, and industrialization prospect is good.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is, in order to overcome shortcomings and the problem of the existence of tandem type composite excitation single-hinge brushless structure, the utility model discloses the brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula.
Realizing the technical solution of the utility model is, a kind of three road brushless single phase synchronous generators of parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula of the utility model are a kind of single pivot formula brushless structures, and do not have slip ring and brush, stator and rotor all only have an iron core; Generator does not have AC exciter yet, without voltage regulator (AVR) yet.
The utility model single pivot formula is brushless, and single phase synchronous generator is made up of stators and rotators.Stator and rotor core material is silicon steel sheet, has air gap between stator and rotor, does not rub mutually when ensureing stator and rotor work, the simple alternating current winding of the routine of three-phase symmetrical is furnished with in the groove of conventional stator core, be connected into Δ shape, aspergillus ficuum in Δ shape, only have two to draw D 1d 2two terminals externally supply the single phase alternating current power supply of 50HZ, 230V.
Be furnished with radial permanent magnet body, tangential permanent magnet body and a set of rotor windings in the utility model rotor core, rotor windings and series diode form closed-loop path; During unloaded generating, radial permanent magnet body main field, tangential permanent magnet body drain magnetic field are by stator and rotor air gap, and two road shunt excitation generatings are to rated voltage in the same way; During bringing onto load, electricity excitation magnetic field three tunnel that radial permanent magnet body main field, tangential permanent magnet body main field and rotor windings closed-loop path are formed is by the shunt excitation work in the same way of stator and rotor air gap, the electricity excitation magnetic field formed due to rotor closed-loop path and tangential permanent magnet body main field all follow respective change automatically with the size variation of load, therefore terminal voltage is stablized.Rotor core two ends also arrange and are fixed with damping sheet, and the damper rod on rotor core in damping hole connects damping sheet.
The brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula of the utility model, comprises stators and rotators, it is characterized in that, rotor core is formed by the custom-designed rotor punching pressure that changes; Arrange in rotor core and radial permanent magnet body is installed, tangential permanent magnet body and rotor windings; Damping sheet has been installed at rotor core two ends; Rotor punching upper punch has rotor shaft hatch, two dovetail grooves, four special-shaped slots, two rectangular channels, 12 damping holes, 6 fabrication holes; Rotor shaft hatch is positioned at the center of round rotor punching; Two dovetail grooves are positioned at the two ends of ordinate axis MN on rotor punching and the bilateral symmetry distribution of abscissa axis PQ; Ordinate axis MN is mutually vertical with abscissa axis PQ, is overlapped with ordinate axis MN by the center line of two dovetail grooves; Four special-shaped slots and two rectangular channels lay respectively at the both sides of ordinate axis MN on rotor punching, and every side has a rectangular channel to connect two special-shaped slots; Overlapped with abscissa axis PQ by the center line of two rectangular channels; Be evenly distributed with three damping holes respectively by each edge of rotor punching cylindrical of dovetail groove and rectangular channel segmentation, the edge along rotor punching cylindrical has 12 damping holes; Two rotor punchings between dovetail groove and rotor shaft hatch are distributed with 6 fabrication holes; Two dovetail grooves, two rectangular channels, four special-shaped slots, 12 damping holes, 6 fabrication holes all with ordinate axis MN and abscissa axis PQ for the axis of symmetry is symmetric.Radial permanent magnet body N is embedded respectively in two dovetail grooves of rotor core 1s 1, N 2s 2, the arctic of these two radial permanent magnet bodies is pointed to all upwards along ordinate axis MN.Rotor windings is embedded in four special-shaped slots of rotor core, two lead-out wires of rotor windings are drawn in side, rotor core end by fabrication hole simultaneously, be in series with unilateral diode Z and form closed-loop path, unilateral diode Z two ends also and meet piezo-resistance R, the magnetic direction that the direct current excitation that the electromotive force self-rectifying that the direction that unilateral diode Z accesses should make rotor windings respond to when load is formed produces and radial permanent magnet body N 1s 1, N 2s 2magnetic direction is consistent.Tangential permanent magnet body N is embedded respectively in two rectangular channels of rotor core 3s 3, N 4s 4, the sensing of the arctic of these two tangential permanent magnet bodies and two radial permanent magnet body N 1s 1, N 2s 2the sensing of the arctic is identical, all parallel with ordinate axis MN and it points to all upwards.The damper rod at the damper rod arranged in rotor core damping hole and rotor core two ends is welded to form the damping of cage type transverse axis.
There are three kinds of difform flute profiles in rotor core, to arrange permanent magnet and rotor windings wherein.The first is dovetail groove, wherein built-in radial permanent magnet, because trapezoidal notch is less than bottom land, therefore radial permanent magnet body be placed in one rotary work time can not throw away notch, safe and reliable; The second is special-shaped slot, only arrange a set of rotor windings wherein, structural rate two cover rotor windings formula structure is simply too much, and this set of rotor windings is directly wound in special-shaped slot, and winding conductor is fixed in special-shaped slot by slot wedge, can not throw away during work, this cover winding forms closed-loop path after connecting with unilateral diode, self-induction generating self-rectifying excitation, and this mode is easy to manufacture, good manufacturability, safe and reliable again; The third is rectangular channel, and wherein arranging tangential permanent magnet body, is a kind of built-in manner, safe and reliable, easy for installation.
The principle of the brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula of the utility model is summarized as follows: when the rotor of prime mover drive electrical generators rotates, the stray field of epitrochanterian radial permanent magnet body main field and tangential permanent magnet body is all through stator and rotor air gap parallel operation in the same way, cutting stator winding produces predetermined unloaded rated voltage, time unloaded, in rotor windings, no current flows through, thus without electric excitation part, when after load on single-phase generator band, stator produces the magnetic potential of pulsating, rotor windings is made to produce induced potential, closed-loop path is constituted owing to rotor windings being in series with unilateral diode, therefore the direct current flow through in rotor windings creates the electricity excitation magnetic field of rotor, direct current direction has been defined during design, make this electricity excitation magnetic field direction also consistent with radial permanent magnet body magnetic direction, simultaneously due to electric excitation direction, make tangential permanent magnet body main field and radial permanent magnet body main field, electricity excitation magnetic field is all through fixed, magnetic field, rotor airgap three tunnel parallel operation in the same way, because now electricity excitation magnetic field and tangential permanent magnet body main field are all increase along with load increase, load reduces and reduces, when load increases, generator voltage declines, electricity excitation magnetic field and tangential permanent magnet body running magnetic field excitation increase, generator voltage is impelled to go up.Load variations, working rotor total magnetic field is along with change, therefore good voltage stabilization precision is possessed, do not need use voltage regulator (AVR) its steady state voltage regulation can reach ± 5% within, be better than pure magneto alternator to be generally all greater than ± the level of 10% scope, also have good dynamic duty performance, the ability of transient voltage regulation factor, startup asynchronous electric capabilities, the load of band Modern Nonlinear is all better than conventional electric exciting brushless single phase synchronous generator simultaneously.
Because the utility model has two kinds of permanent magnetic fields to participate in excitation, and electric field power supply is stator pulsating magnetic potential when being derived from generator loading, need not external power excitation, both all makes generator efficiency greatly improve, the utility model generator efficiency is higher than the conventional electric exciting brushless single phase synchronous generator more than 5% of same specification, and the utility model has the dissemination of reality.This motor with novel arrangement reaches the purpose of the present utility model.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are, the utility model achieves the new structure of the brushless single phase synchronous generator of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formulas, its rotor is made to only have a set of rotor windings, rotor windings forms closed-loop path with unilateral diode of connecting, realize self power generation self-excitation, tangential permanent magnet body running magnetic field alterable, without voltage regulator (AVR) voltage regulation can reach ± 5% within, be better than pure permanent magnet generator to be generally greater than ± the range level of 10%; The transient voltage regulation factor of the utility model single pivot formula is brushless single phase synchronous generator, the ability starting asynchronous motor, band non-linear load capacity are all better than conventional electric exciting brushless single phase synchronous generator.The present embodiment 3KW single-phase of generating electricity engine efficiency reaches 77%, than same specification electric exciting brushless single phase synchronous generator efficiency 70%, exceeds 7%; The conventional electric exciting brushless single phase synchronous generator of weight ratio same specification reduces 20%, and axial length reduces 25%; The utility model single pivot formula is brushless, and single phase synchronous generator saves permanent magnet more than 70% than general built-in type permanent-magnet single-phase generator, greatly reduces permanent magnetic material cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is electrical schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is rotor lamination of generator figure of the present utility model;
Picture in picture number: 1 is stator; 2 is rotors; 21 is rotor punchings; 22 is rotor shaft hatchs; 23 is dovetail grooves; 24 is special-shaped slots; 25 is rectangular channels; 26 is damping holes; 27 is fabrication holes; N 1s 1, N 2s 2for radial permanent magnet body; N 3s 3, N 4s 4for tangential permanent magnet body; F 1f 2for rotor windings, Z is unilateral diode, and R is piezo-resistance; In stator 1, a, b, c are the simple alternating current winding of three-phase symmetrical, and inner connection is Δ connection, and D is drawn in two wires 1, D 2, two terminals externally supply 50HZ, 230V single phase alternating current power supply.
Embodiment
The utility model specific embodiment is the single phase synchronous generator of two poles, it is the brushless single phase synchronous generator of one three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula by its utility model content composition, the asynchronous motor of the small-sized phase-wound rotor of similar, stator and rotor all only have one, are a kind of single pivot formula brushless structures.
The present embodiment generator power 3KW, single-phase voltage 230V, rotating speed 3000r/min, frequency 50Hz, stator Z=24 groove, stator winding a, b, c three-phase windings sine windings design arrangement routinely, conventional sine windings has been current techique in the industry, repeats no more herein.This three phase sine winding inside is connected into Δ shape, and D is drawn in two wires 1, D 2two terminals externally supply 50Hz, 230V single-phase alternating current, aspergillus ficuum in Δ shape, and the stator winding heat dissipation of this three winding connection is even, and temperature rise is low, and improves the reliability of power supply.
The rotor core of the utility model generator is repeatedly pressed by the rotor punching 21 of particular design, the present embodiment rotor lamination of generator as shown in Figure 2, it is a kind of two-level structure, rotor punching 21 upper punch has rotor shaft hatch 22, dovetail groove 23 two, on rotor punching, also punching has four special-shaped slots, 24, two rectangular channels 25,12 damping holes, 26,6 fabrication holes 27.Rotor shaft hatch 22 is positioned at the center of round rotor punching 21; Two dovetail grooves 23 are positioned at the two ends of ordinate axis MN on rotor punching 21, and the both sides of abscissa axis PQ, symmetrical, embed radial permanent magnet body use for rotor; Four special-shaped slots 24 and two rectangular channels 25 lay respectively at the both sides of ordinate axis MN on rotor punching 21; Every side has a rectangular channel 25 to connect two special-shaped slots 24, and rectangular channel 25 is for embedding tangential permanent magnet body; Ordinate axis MN is mutually vertical with abscissa axis PQ, is overlapped with ordinate axis MN by the center line of two dovetail grooves, is overlapped with abscissa axis PQ by the center line of two rectangular channels; Be evenly distributed with three damping holes 26 respectively by each edge of rotor punching cylindrical of dovetail groove and rectangular channel segmentation, the edge along rotor punching cylindrical has 12 damping holes; Rotor punching between two dovetail grooves 23 and rotor shaft hatch 22 is distributed with 6 fabrication holes 27.
Two dovetail grooves, 23, two rectangular channels, 25, four special-shaped slots, 24,12 damping holes, 26,6 fabrication holes 27 all with ordinate axis MN and abscissa axis PQ for the axis of symmetry is symmetrical.
Be fixed in rotating shaft by axis hole 22 after rotor punching 21 is repeatedly pressed into rotor core, in rotor core, by permanent magnet N radial in Fig. 1 1s 1, N 2s 2embed in 2 dovetail grooves 23 respectively, radial permanent magnet shape coordinates with dovetail groove 23 is similar, and by Fig. 1 rotor winding F 1f 2directly around the home in 4 special-shaped slots 24, and at notch winding conductor in slot wedge holddown groove, N in built-in Fig. 1 in 2 rectangular channels 25 3s 3, N 4s 4tangential permanent magnet body, tangential permanent magnet shape coordinates with rectangular channel 25 is similar, there are damper rod and rotor core two ends damping sheet to be welded to form the damping of cage type transverse axis in damping hole 26, can voltage waveform be improved, as two radial permanent magnet body N in Fig. 1 1s 1, N 2s 2embed respectively in Fig. 2 in two dovetail grooves 23, its arctic N 1, N 2point to along ordinate axis MN direction all upwards, as the rotor windings F in Fig. 1 1f 2directly around in special-shaped slot 24, and fix at notch slot wedge, the winding conductor F in special-shaped slot 24 1f 2lead-out wire is drawn in side, rotor core end by the fabrication hole 27 in Fig. 2 simultaneously, and being in series with unilateral diode Z forms closed-loop path, F 1f 2also and meet piezo-resistance R, R does protection and uses at two ends, the direction of Z diode access should make rotor windings F 1f 2the direction that the direct current excitation magnetic field that the electromotive force self-rectifying responded to when load is formed is formed and N 1s 1, N 2s 2magnetic direction is consistent, in rectangular channel 25 in fig. 2 as built-in in the tangential permanent magnet body in Fig. 1, two tangential permanent magnet body N 3s 3, N 4s 4be built in Fig. 2 rectangular channel 25 respectively, its arctic N 3, N 4point to and N 1s 1, N 2s 2arctic N 1, N 2point to identical, all upwards, during unloaded generating, rotor windings F 1f 2interior without the generation of induced potential electric current, therefore without electric excited work, during unloaded generating, tangential permanent magnet body N 3s 3, N 4s 4main field substantially not by stator and rotor air gap, but forms magnet short-cut path in rotor core, but N 3s 3, N 4s 4stray field can pass through stator and rotor air gap, participate in open-circuit excitation work, during unloaded generating, radial permanent magnet body N 1s 1, N 2s 2main field is by air gap excited work between stator and rotor, therefore be by radial permanent magnet body N during unloaded generating 1s 1, N 2s 2main field and tangential permanent magnet body N 3s 3, N 4s 4stray field in the same way through the work of stator and rotor air gap shunt excitation, and exports specified floating voltage, during generator loading, because stator winding can produce pulsating electromagnetic potential, rotor windings F 1f 2interior can have commutated direct current to flow through through unilateral diode Z by induced potential in its closed-loop path, therefore creates direct current excitation magnetic field, electric exciting field direction and radial permanent magnet body N 1s 1, N 2s 2in the same way, this electric exciting field automatically increases along with load current and increases, and load current reduces and reduces, simultaneously when electricity excitation magnetic field size variation, and tangential permanent magnet body N 3s 3, N 4s 4magnetic circuit also change, when electric excitation increases, N 3s 3, N 4s 4increased in the same way by the excitation field of stator and rotor air gap, when electric excitation reduces, N 3s 3, N 4s 4also reduced in the same way by the excitation field of stator and rotor air gap, as can be seen here, during load, radial permanent magnet body N 1s 1, N 2s 2main field, tangential permanent magnet body N 3s 3, N 4s 4main field, rotor windings F 1f 2the electricity excitation magnetic field formed is all through fixed, rotor airgap three road shunt excitation works in the same way, voltage stabilization during automatic maintenance load, overcome the shortcomings of tandem type composite excitation, change with load and the characteristic that thereupon changes because electric excitation and tangential permanent magnet excitation have simultaneously, therefore when not adopting voltage regulator (AVR), steady state voltage regulation also can control within ± 5%, reach the standard of national conventional electric exciting brushless single phase synchronous generator, there is good practicality, be better than the general steady state voltage regulation of pure permanent-magnet single-phase synchronous generator to be greater than the ± level of the scope of 10%.This new structure processing, assembling and maintenance and repair and reliability aspect are also better than general pure permanent magnet generator, the ability of its transient voltage regulation factor, the performance starting asynchronous motor, the load of band Modern Nonlinear, all be better than conventional electric exciting brushless single phase synchronous generator, and generator efficiency is higher than same specification electric exciting brushless single phase synchronous generator more than 5%.

Claims (5)

1. the brushless single phase synchronous generator of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formulas, comprises stators and rotators, it is characterized in that, rotor core is formed by the custom-designed rotor punching pressure that changes; Arrange in rotor core and radial permanent magnet body, tangential permanent magnet body and rotor windings are installed; Damping sheet has been installed at rotor core two ends;
Rotor punching upper punch has rotor shaft hatch, two dovetail grooves, four special-shaped slots, two rectangular channels, 12 damping holes, 6 fabrication holes;
Rotor shaft hatch is positioned at the center of round rotor punching;
Two dovetail grooves are positioned at the two ends of ordinate axis MN on rotor punching and the bilateral symmetry distribution of abscissa axis PQ; Ordinate axis MN is mutually vertical with abscissa axis PQ, is overlapped with ordinate axis MN by the center line of two dovetail grooves;
Four special-shaped slots and two rectangular channels lay respectively at the both sides of ordinate axis MN on rotor punching; Every side has a rectangular channel to connect two special-shaped slots; Overlapped with abscissa axis PQ by the center line of two rectangular channels;
Be evenly distributed with three damping holes respectively by each edge of rotor punching cylindrical of dovetail groove and rectangular channel segmentation, the edge along rotor punching cylindrical has 12 damping holes;
Two rotor punchings between dovetail groove and rotor shaft hatch are distributed with 6 fabrication holes;
Two dovetail grooves, two rectangular channels, four special-shaped slots, 12 damping holes, 6 fabrication holes all with ordinate axis MN and abscissa axis PQ for the axis of symmetry is symmetric.
2. the brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula according to claim 1, is characterized in that, embed radial permanent magnet body N respectively in two dovetail grooves of rotor core 1s 1, N 2s 2, the arctic of these two radial permanent magnet bodies is pointed to all upwards along ordinate axis MN.
3. the brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, rotor windings is embedded in four special-shaped slots of rotor core, two lead-out wires of rotor windings are drawn in side, rotor core end by fabrication hole simultaneously, be in series with unilateral diode Z and form closed-loop path, unilateral diode Z two ends also and meet piezo-resistance R, the magnetic direction that the direct current excitation that the electromotive force self-rectifying that the direction that unilateral diode Z accesses should make rotor windings respond to when load is formed produces and radial permanent magnet body N 1s 1, N 2s 2magnetic direction is consistent.
4. the brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula according to claim 1, is characterized in that, embed tangential permanent magnet body N respectively in two rectangular channels of rotor core 3s 3, N 4s 4; The sensing of the arctic of these two tangential permanent magnet bodies and two radial permanent magnet body N 1s 1, N 2s 2the sensing of the arctic is identical, all parallel with ordinate axis MN and it points to all upwards.
5. the brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the damping sheet at the damper rod arranged in rotor core damping hole and rotor core two ends is welded to form the damping of cage type transverse axis.
CN201420262334.1U 2014-05-22 2014-05-22 The brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula Expired - Fee Related CN204349750U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201420262334.1U CN204349750U (en) 2014-05-22 2014-05-22 The brushless single phase synchronous generator of a kind of three road parallel mixed excitation magnetic single pivot formula

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Granted publication date: 20150520

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