CN204309714U - The electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled - Google Patents
The electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled Download PDFInfo
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- CN204309714U CN204309714U CN201420461219.7U CN201420461219U CN204309714U CN 204309714 U CN204309714 U CN 204309714U CN 201420461219 U CN201420461219 U CN 201420461219U CN 204309714 U CN204309714 U CN 204309714U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to electric four-wheel vehicle field, the electric system of the low-speed electronic four-wheeled of proposition, and battery pack (5) voltage is 48V; Main switch K1 is connected with controller (7) by DC contactor, 48V electrical source of power is provided controller (7), controller (7) accepts the shift signal that selector (3) exports, and the shift signal that motor (10) sends according to controller (7) and acceleration or deceleration signal do corresponding running; Instrument (1) is connected with main switch K1 and selector (3), accepts the shift signal that selector (3) exports, and display selector (3) place gear, described light fixture is connected with 48V power supply respectively by operative combination switch (12).In the utility model electronic gear shifter, controller and instrument, there is not signal interference problem; Light fixture, instrument even load all adopt 48V system, and under equal-wattage, electric current reduces, and contact voltage drop, wire pressure drop all significantly lower, and improve the power consumption efficiency of car load.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to electric four-wheel vehicle field, relates generally to a kind of electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled.
Background technology
Battery-driven car two-wheeled or four-wheel use two kinds of electrical voltage systems usually in the market: power system voltage is be called for short high pressure after voltage 60V or 48V(: motor, controller adopt high pressure 60V or 48V etc.), ancillary system voltage is be called for short low pressure after 12V(: light fixture, signal system adopt 12V), set up contact by DC/DC conv therebetween.Because of the requirement of vehicle security energy, car load one tunnel power-supply system ground connection (being conducted with vehicle frame), is generally 12V-ground connection.If high pressure and low pressure adopt same with reference to ground, can signal disturbing be brought, the control part of impact to voltage partial circuit: produce error signal and misoperation etc., after describe in detail.But also have electric two-wheel vehicle and indivedual electric four-wheel vehicle because using power of motor little, its full-vehicle control part is simple, high voltage negative and voltage negative pole ground connection simultaneously.
Now do to illustrate to high pressure and low pressure drawback universally:
1, high pressure and low pressure share with reference to ground, and when can cause low pressure blast the horn, the signal of loudspeaker can be coupled to high pressure control circuit, can produce control signal to controller, cause car load non-normal working;
2, high pressure and low pressure share with reference to ground, and low pressure and the simultaneous parts of high pressure can be caused to there will be interference;
3, the signal of high pressure can be coupled equally to low voltage circuit, causes signal disorderly: as the interference of car load sound equipment, instrument display voltage mal etc.
For avoiding the generation of above-mentioned situation, high pressure and low pressure need to adopt full isolation method, the related components such as DC conv, controller, instrument, electronic gear shifter, DC contactor all adopt full isolation method, principle avoids signal disturbing, but batch manufacturing, the instability mode of parts causes car load equally to have fault.
Electronic gear shifter working power is 12V low pressure, and electronic gear shifter externally exports two paths of signals: a road is that high-voltage signal exports, and a road is that low-voltage signal exports; High-voltage signal exports to controller, output signal is for advancing or backing signal, there is provided the signal instruction that advances accordingly or fall back to motor after controller receives signal, motor does corresponding running, low-voltage signal exports to instrument, shows car load and is in what work condition state: advance, neutral, retrogressing by instrument.
High-voltage signal (advance, retreat) and low-voltage signal (advance, neutral, retrogressing) being turned on or off respectively by contact in the relay of electronic gear shifter.This relay is that single channel controls, the relay of doubleway output, and a road connects high voltage control signal, and another road connects low pressure display, and two contacts needs to adopt different working powers, specifically sees accompanying drawing 2.Electronic gear shifter in working order time, export two paths of signals simultaneously, the interference between signal will be there is; If signal only has a road output can cause the misunderstanding of navigating mate: instrument instruction is correct but can not drive a vehicle, to drive a vehicle but not in the first-class problems of correct gear.
Electric four-wheel vehicle adopts twin voltage system, and instrument used just has high potential, low voltage enters: 12V-and 48V-is just relevant, just has interfering signal to occur: display disorder and sound equipment interference etc.Specifically see accompanying drawing 4.
The power major part of four-wheeled distance-light light fixture is greater than 70W, the operating voltage of lamp system is 12V, its of unlatching long-and-short distant light is greater than 5A by electric current, such On current causes very large damage to distance-light switch contact, for avoiding distance-light switching damage, just adopt relay to control long-and-short distant light, specifically see accompanying drawing 5.
Utility model content
For above-mentioned Problems existing, the utility model proposes a kind of electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled, the system voltage of the parts of low voltage circuit is brought up to the voltage of high-pressure system, avoid the interference that dual power system for electric vehicle brings; Consider safety performance, Full Vehicle System voltage adopts 48V.
The utility model realizes its technical scheme taked:
An electric system for low-speed electronic four-wheeled, described electric system includes battery pack, main switch K1, selector, DC contactor; And include controller, motor, instrument and light fixture; Described accumulator battery voltage is 48V; Main switch K1 connects DC contactor, described DC contactor is connected with controller, controller is provided by 48V electrical source of power, described controller accepts the shift signal that selector exports, the signal instruction that advances accordingly or fall back is provided to motor, acceleration pedal device is connected with controller, sends the CRANK PULSES of drive motor to controller, and the shift signal that motor sends according to controller and the acceleration or deceleration signal that acceleration pedal device gives do corresponding running; Described instrument is connected with main switch K1 and selector, accepts the shift signal that selector exports, display selector place gear, and described light fixture includes right steering lamp, left steering lamp, passing light, country beam and position lamp; Described light fixture is connected with 48V power supply respectively by operative combination switch; Described selector adopts mechanical type selector, moving contact in described mechanical type selector is connected with the negative pole of 48V power supply, and the break back contact that the break back contact that in described mechanical type selector, forward gear signal exports, retrogressing gear signal export is connected with the negative control pole of controller; In described mechanical type selector forward gear signal export break back contact, retreat gear signal export break back contact and neutral signal export break back contact respectively with Instrument connection; Or described selector adopts electronic type selector, and the output of described electronic type selector is by two single channel dual output relays
,the neutral signal of described electronic type selector exports the normally closed contact I of contact relay J1, and the normally closed contact I of relay J 1 connects the normally closed contact II of relay J 2 and makes normally closed contact II ground connection of relay J 2; The forward gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact II of contact relay J1, and the normally closed contact II of relay J 1 connects the normally closed contact I of relay J 2 and makes normally closed contact I ground connection of relay J 2; The retrogressing gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact II of contact relay J2, normally closed contact II ground connection of relay J 2; Described forward gear signal exports and retreats gear signal and exports the negative control pole connecing controller; Described neutral signal exports, forward gear signal exports and retreat gear signal export respectively with Instrument connection; Or, the output of described electronic type selector is by four single channel list output relays, the neutral signal of described electronic type selector exports the normally closed contact of contact relay J3, and the normally closed contact of the normally closed contact contact relay J5 of relay J 3 also makes the normally closed contact ground connection of relay J 5; The forward gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact of contact relay J4, the other end ground connection of relay J 4 open contact; The retrogressing gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact of contact relay J6, the other end ground connection of relay J 6 open contact; Described forward gear signal exports and retreats gear signal and exports the negative control pole connecing controller; Described neutral signal exports, forward gear signal exports and retreat gear signal export respectively with Instrument connection.
The utility model adopts technique scheme, and the beneficial effect had is:
1, in the utility model electronic gear shifter, controller and instrument, reduce signal disturbing; Eliminate the adaptor union connecting high pressure and low pressure: DC conv;
2, original system has two-way system voltage, needs the interference that full isolation just can be avoided between signal, now adopts integrated system voltage, no longer occurs signal interference problem;
3, light fixture, instrument, loudspeaker even load all adopt 48V system, and the relative 12V of system voltage improves, and under equal-wattage, electric current reduces, and contact voltage drop, wire pressure drop all significantly lower, and improve the power consumption efficiency of car load, improve the course continuation mileage of car load;
4, decrease the usage quantity of relay, because of the attenuating of light fixture working current, just eliminate the relay that head lamp uses;
5,48V-can connect vehicle frame and do car load ground terminal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is original electric four-wheel vehicle power control schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is original electric four-wheel vehicle electronic gear shifter schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is original electric four-wheel vehicle electronic gear shifter function interconnecting wiring diagram;
Fig. 4 is original electric four-wheel vehicle instrument elementary diagram;
Fig. 5 is original electric four-wheel vehicle light fixture control principle drawing;
Fig. 6 is the utility model (not showing light fixture) schematic diagram;
Fig. 7-1 is electronic gear shifter schematic diagram I in the utility model;
Fig. 7-2 is electronic gear shifter schematic diagram II in the utility model;
Fig. 8-1 is mechanical changeover device External view in the utility model;
Fig. 8-2 is mechanical changeover device interconnecting wiring diagram in the utility model;
Fig. 9 is instrument elementary diagram in the utility model;
Figure 10 is light fixture control principle drawing in the utility model.
Wherein: 1, instrument, 1-1, mileage meter, 1-2, forward gear indicator lamp, 1-3, neutral pilot lamp, 1-4, retreat gear indicator lamp, 1-5, volt meter, and 2, tachogen, 3, selector, 4, charger, 5, battery pack, 6, DC conv; 7, controller, 8, acceleration pedal, 9-1, DC contactor master cock, 9-2, DC contactor control coil, 10, motor, 11, emergency stop switch, 12, operative combination switch, 13, safety switch, 14, stoplight stop lamp, 15, right steering lamp, 16, left steering lamp, 17, passing light, 18, country beam, 19, passing light relay, 20, country beam relay, 21, position lamp, 22, flasher relay, K1, main switch, K2, braking liquid alarm switch, K3, brake switch.
Detailed description of the invention
The case study on implementation provided by reference to the accompanying drawings is further illustrated the utility model:
As shown in Figure 6, a kind of electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled, described electric system includes battery pack 5, main switch K1, selector 3, DC contactor 9, and include controller 7, motor, instrument 1 and light fixture, described instrument 1 includes mileage meter 1-1, forward gear indicator lamp 1-2, neutral pilot lamp 1-3, retreats gear indicator lamp 1-4 and volt meter 1-5, and shows the car load speed of a motor vehicle by tachogen 2 collection signal, wherein, described battery pack 5 voltage is 48V, main switch K1 connects DC contactor, 48V electrical source of power is provided controller 7 after connecting by DC contactor, described instrument 1 is connected with main switch K1 and selector 3, obtain 48V power supply, accept the shift signal that selector 3 exports, display selector 3 place gear, controller 7 receives the shift signal that selector 3 exports, there is provided corresponding to motor to advance or backing signal instruction, simultaneously, user steps on signal that acceleration pedal device 8 sends to controller 7, the acceleration or deceleration signal control motor 10 that controller 7 gives according to the shift signal received and acceleration pedal device 8 does corresponding running, described light fixture includes right steering lamp 15, left steering lamp 16, passing light 17, country beam 18 and position lamp 21, described light fixture is connected with 48V power supply respectively by operative combination switch 12, described selector 3 adopts mechanical type selector or adopts electronic type selector, and what provide in Fig. 6 is adopt electronic type selector.Composition graphs 8-2, described selector 3 adopts mechanical type selector, moving contact in described mechanical type selector is connected with the negative pole of 48V power supply, and the break back contact that the break back contact that in described mechanical type selector, forward gear signal exports, retrogressing gear signal export is connected with the negative control pole of controller 7 by wire; The break back contact that the break back contact that in described mechanical type selector, forward gear signal exports, retrogressing gear signal export is connected with instrument 1 respectively by wire with the break back contact that neutral signal exports; Composition graphs 8-1, in this embodiment, moving contact in mechanical type selector is connected to on the axle sleeve of gear shift operating rod one, described gear shift operating rod drives axle sleeve to rotate relative to anchor shaft, and described anchor shaft is connected by the negative pole of wire with 48V power supply, the break back contact that the break back contact that in mechanical type selector, forward gear signal exports, the break back contact retreating the output of gear signal and neutral signal export lays respectively in the path of motion of described moving contact; When gear shift operating rod is positioned at neutral gear position, the break back contact that neutral signal exports is connected with moving contact; Gear shift operating rod is when forward gear position, and the break back contact that forward gear signal exports is connected with moving contact; Gear shift operating rod is when retreating gear and putting, and the break back contact retreating the output of gear signal is connected with moving contact; Change gear by the position of gear shift operating rod, the break back contact exported by moving contact and unlike signal is connected, and exports advance, backing signal and export neutral, advance, backing signal to instrument to controller.
Composition graphs 7-1, described selector 3 adopts electronic type selector, and described electronic type selector is exported by two single channel dual output relays
,the neutral signal of described electronic type selector exports the normally closed contact I of contact relay J1, and the normally closed contact I of relay J 1 connects the normally closed contact II of relay J 2 and makes normally closed contact II ground connection of relay J 2; The forward gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact II of contact relay J1, and the normally closed contact II of relay J 1 connects the normally closed contact I of relay J 2 and makes normally closed contact I ground connection of relay J 2; The retrogressing gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact II of contact relay J2, normally closed contact II ground connection of relay J 2; Described forward gear signal exports and retreats the negative control pole that gear signal connects controller 7; Described neutral signal exports, forward gear signal exports and is connected with instrument 1 respectively with the output of retrogressing gear signal; Car load provides 48V voltage, rotates gear shift operating rod, is pushed to corresponding gear, and hall position sensor is responded to corresponding gear and forward gear D, neutral N, retreated gear R; When being in neutral N position, aerotron Q1, Q2 not conducting, relay J 1, J2 do not work, and only have mouth N and 48V-conducting, instrument display neutral signal, and controller does not work without connection coherent signal; When being in forward gear D position, aerotron Q1 conducting, relay J 1 adhesive (Q2 not conducting, relay J 2 does not work), mouth D and 48V-connects, and to controller progress signal, also to instrument display progress signal, mouth N and 48V-disconnects simultaneously; When be in retreat gear R position time, aerotron Q2 conducting, relay J 2 adhesive (Q1 not conducting, relay J 1 does not work), mouth R and 48V-connects, to fall back signal to controller, also to fall back signal to instrument display, while mouth N and 48V-disconnection.
Composition graphs 7-2, the output of described electronic type selector is by four single channel list output relays, the neutral signal of described electronic type selector exports the normally closed contact of contact relay J3, and the normally closed contact of the normally closed contact contact relay J5 of relay J 3 also makes the normally closed contact ground connection of relay J 5; The forward gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact of contact relay J4, the other end ground connection of relay J 4 open contact; The retrogressing gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact of contact relay J6, the other end ground connection of relay J 6 open contact; Described forward gear signal exports and retreats the negative control pole that gear signal connects controller 7; Described neutral signal exports, forward gear signal exports and is connected with instrument 1 respectively with the output of retrogressing gear signal; Car load provides 48V voltage, rotates gear shift operating rod, is pushed to corresponding gear, and hall position sensor is responded to corresponding gear and forward gear D, neutral N, retreated gear R; When being in neutral N position, aerotron Q1, Q2 not conducting, relay J 3, J4, J5, J6 do not work, and only have mouth N by the normally closed contact of J3, J5 and 48V-conducting, instrument display neutral signal, and controller does not work without connection coherent signal; When being in forward gear D position, aerotron Q1 conducting, relay J 3, J4 adhesive (Q2 not conducting, relay J 5, J6 do not work), mouth D is connected by the closed electric shock of J4 and 48V-, to controller progress signal, also to instrument display progress signal, simultaneously mouth N is disconnected by the break contact of J3 and 48V-; When being in retrogressing gear R position, aerotron Q2 conducting, relay J 5, J6 adhesive (Q1 not conducting, relay J 3, J4 do not work), mouth R is connected by the make contact of J6 and 48V-, to fall back signal to controller, also to fall back signal to instrument display, mouth N is disconnected by the break contact of J5 and 48V-simultaneously.
Low-speed electronic four-wheeled instrument schematic diagram as shown in Figure 9, instrument display only has univoltage to enter, and can avoid interference phenomenon: instruction and voltage display are accurately.
Figure 10 is low-speed electronic four-wheeled light fixture control principle drawing, after main switch K1 opens, battery pack 5 directly provides power supply to the electric load such as position lamp, head lamp, brake lamp, steering indicating light, each load works according to the demand of user in good time, because head lamp electric current is less, the electric current that contact can meet country beam, passing light reaches of combined switch, can cancel relay and reduce costs.
Connect vehicle frame do car load ground terminal with reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 7-1, Fig. 7-2, Fig. 8-2, Figure 10,48V-.
Claims (3)
1. an electric system for low-speed electronic four-wheeled, described electric system includes battery pack (5), main switch K1, selector (3), DC contactor; And include controller (7), motor (10), instrument (1) and light fixture; It is characterized in that: described battery pack (5) voltage is 48V; Main switch K1 connects DC contactor, described DC contactor is connected with controller (7), 48V electrical source of power is provided controller (7), described controller (7) accepts the shift signal that selector (3) exports, the signal instruction that advances accordingly or fall back is provided to motor (10), acceleration pedal device (8) is connected with controller (7), send the CRANK PULSES of drive motor to controller, the shift signal that motor (10) sends according to controller (7) and the acceleration or deceleration signal that acceleration pedal device (8) gives do corresponding running; Described instrument (1) is connected with main switch K1 and selector (3), accept the shift signal that selector (3) exports, display selector (3) place gear, described light fixture includes right steering lamp (15), left steering lamp (16), passing light (17), country beam (18) and position lamp (21); Described light fixture is connected with 48V power supply respectively by operative combination switch (12); Described selector (3) adopts mechanical type selector, moving contact in described mechanical type selector is connected with the negative pole of 48V power supply, the break back contact that the break back contact of forward gear signal output in described mechanical type selector, retrogressing keep off signal output is connected with the negative control pole of controller (7), and the break back contact that the break back contact that in described mechanical type selector, forward gear signal exports, retrogressing keep off signal output is connected with instrument (1) respectively with the break back contact that neutral signal exports; Or described selector (3) adopts electronic type selector, and the output of described electronic type selector is by two single channel dual output relays
,the neutral signal of described electronic type selector exports the normally closed contact I of contact relay J1, and the normally closed contact I of relay J 1 connects the normally closed contact II of relay J 2 and makes normally closed contact II ground connection of relay J 2; The forward gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact II of contact relay J1, and the normally closed contact II of relay J 1 connects the normally closed contact I of relay J 2 and makes normally closed contact I ground connection of relay J 2; The retrogressing gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact II of contact relay J2, normally closed contact II ground connection of relay J 2; Described forward gear signal exports and retreats gear signal and exports the negative control pole connecing controller (7); Described neutral signal exports, forward gear signal exports and is connected with instrument (1) respectively with the output of retrogressing gear signal; Or, the output of described electronic type selector is by four single channel list output relays, the neutral signal of described electronic type selector exports the normally closed contact of contact relay J3, and the normally closed contact of the normally closed contact contact relay J5 of relay J 3 also makes the normally closed contact ground connection of relay J 5; The forward gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact of contact relay J4, the other end ground connection of relay J 4 open contact; The retrogressing gear signal of described electronic type selector exports the open contact of contact relay J6, the other end ground connection of relay J 6 open contact; Described forward gear signal exports and retreats gear signal and exports the negative control pole connecing controller (7); Described neutral signal exports, forward gear signal exports and is connected with instrument (1) respectively with the output of retrogressing gear signal.
2. the electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the moving contact in mechanical type selector is connected to on the axle sleeve of gear shift operating rod one, described gear shift operating rod drives axle sleeve to rotate relative to anchor shaft, be connected by the negative pole of wire with 48V power supply by described anchor shaft, the break back contact that the break back contact that in mechanical type selector, forward gear signal exports, the break back contact retreating the output of gear signal and neutral signal export lays respectively in the path of motion of described moving contact.
3. the electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: 48V-connects vehicle frame and does car load ground terminal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420461219.7U CN204309714U (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | The electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420461219.7U CN204309714U (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | The electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled |
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| CN204309714U true CN204309714U (en) | 2015-05-06 |
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| CN201420461219.7U Active CN204309714U (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | The electric system of low-speed electronic four-wheeled |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109466477A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-15 | 洛阳北方易初摩托车有限公司 | Low-speed electronic carriage loaded line |
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2014
- 2014-08-15 CN CN201420461219.7U patent/CN204309714U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109466477A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-15 | 洛阳北方易初摩托车有限公司 | Low-speed electronic carriage loaded line |
| CN109466477B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2024-04-05 | 洛阳北方易初摩托车有限公司 | Load circuit of low-speed electric four-wheel vehicle |
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