CN204298983U - A kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing - Google Patents
A kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN204298983U CN204298983U CN201420796308.7U CN201420796308U CN204298983U CN 204298983 U CN204298983 U CN 204298983U CN 201420796308 U CN201420796308 U CN 201420796308U CN 204298983 U CN204298983 U CN 204298983U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing, comprise cylinder, the piston be placed in cylinder, cylinder and piston can freely up and down relative motion, the confined space storing pressure-air is formed between cylinder and piston, cylinder bottom is provided with import/exhaust passage, and cylinder sidewall has inlet channel, air inlet and steam vent, cylinder wall lubrication steam vent; Be provided with one way stop peturn valve in described inlet channel, in cylinder wall lubrication steam vent, be provided with sealing bolt; Described cylinder is connected with substructure, and piston is connected with superstructure.Shock isolating pedestal of the present utility model, is passed to substructure by high through vertical bearing capacity for the weight of superstructure, that vertical rigidity is little and controlled pressure-air bed course, can the vertical vibrations of isolation structure effectively.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the isolation field of the vertical vibrations of building structure, and particularly a kind of air cushion vertically isolates bearing.
Background technology
Because the weight of building is very large, common bearing is as met the requirement of bearing capacity, just be difficult to the vertical vibrations of effective separating building structure, its reason is common shock isolating pedestal, as rubber earthquake isolation support, spring shock-proof bearing, owing to will meet the requirement of vertical bearing capacity, its vertical rigidity can not be too little, therefore vertical earthquake isolating poor effect.How effectively the vertical vibrations of isolation structure are difficult problems always.
Air is compressible gas, and the air cushion that the pressure-air of confined space is formed can bear very large external force, is enough to the weight of support of buildings.The rigidity of air cushion is very little and controlled, can effectively isolate vertical vibrations.Key issue how effectively forms the pressure-air bed course that can support superstructure and the support displacement caused that temperature Change or device leaked gas controls in certain scope.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that the shortcoming overcoming prior art is with not enough, provides a kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing.
The purpose of this utility model is realized by following technical scheme:
A kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing, comprise cylinder, the piston be placed in cylinder, cylinder and piston can freely up and down relative motion, the confined space storing pressure-air is formed between cylinder and piston, described cylinder is connected with substructure, piston is connected with superstructure, and cylinder sidewall is provided with cylinder wall lubrication steam vent and the sealing bolt for sealing cylinder wall lubrication steam vent, and cylinder bottom is provided with aerator.
The lubricating oil of adjustable fuel head is placed with in described cylinder.
Described piston upper end is provided with ring flange; Installation pad is provided with between described ring flange and cylinder head; Described cylinder bottom is provided with electric heating tube.Cylinder is connected with substructure, piston is connected with superstructure: when the insufficient pressure of air is to support the weight of superstructure, the all or part of weight of superstructure directly passes to substructure by the ring flange of piston through the outer wall of cylinder, now shock isolating pedestal only plays the effect of power transmission, does not have the effect of shock insulation.Even if can ensure that shock isolating pedestal lost efficacy, and also can ensure the safety of structure like this; When the pressure of air is enough to the weight supporting superstructure, the total weight of superstructure passes to substructure through air cushion, and air cushion now can support the weight of superstructure effectively, can effectively isolate vertical vibrations again.
Described air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing, also comprises exhaust apparatus.
Described aerator comprises inlet channel and is arranged on the one way stop peturn valve in inlet channel; Described exhaust apparatus, comprise adjustable-length connecting rod, intake and exhaust control lever, wherein one end of adjustable-length connecting rod is fixedly connected with piston, the other end is fixedly connected with one end of intake and exhaust control lever, the other end of intake and exhaust control lever is placed in inlet channel, intake and exhaust control lever inside has port, and described port comprises the transverse holes one communicated with inlet channel, the transverse holes two communicated near confined space with inlet channel, the vertical hole that is communicated with transverse holes one and transverse holes two.
The valve closing inlet channel is installed in described inlet channel.When maintenance, replacing magnetic valve, check-valves, if battery valve, check-valves need to change, as long as variations in temperature is little, (the maintenance period is very short, variations in temperature can not be very large), close after closing the valve of inlet channel, earthquake isolating equipment can normally work, and service work also can be carried out, for regular maintenance provides convenient.
Described aerator, comprise the connecting rod that top is fixedly connected with piston, the tactile ring being arranged on rod surface, be arranged on cylinder outside tactile disconnect close, touch make and break closes one and tactile make and break closes two, be arranged on magnetic valve one in inlet channel and magnetic valve two, and with tactile disconnect close, tactile make and break closes one, tactile make and break closes two, magnetic valve one, magnetic valve two are connected control circuit.
A kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating method, comprises the step of following order:
S1. erection stage: the ring flange of piston is connected with the built-in fitting of superstructure with bolt, the ring flange of cylinder is connected with the built-in fitting of substructure with bolt, and piston is placed in cylinder, forms the confined space storing pressure-air between cylinder and piston; Be placed with installation pad between cylinder head and the ring flange of piston, the total weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston, installation pad, cylinder wall;
S2. inflate first: the sealing bolt first turning on the lubrication steam vent of cylinder, pressure-air enters confined space through inlet channel; Under the influence of air pressure, the interstitial air of cylinder and piston is discharged; After air drains, tighten the sealing bolt of lubrication steam vent with closed lubrication steam vent, then continue aerating to cylinder air pressure just by superstructure jack-up time, the weight of superstructure all by transfer of air to substructure, there is space between the ring flange of piston and installation pad; Now, close air intake valve and make air chamber stable gas pressure, piston maintains just by the position of superstructure jack-up;
S3. duty is set to: remove installation pad, by the length regulating the positive/negative thread adjusting rod of adjustable-length connecting rod to shorten connecting rod, intake and exhaust control lever rises, and the port arranged in intake and exhaust control lever is not communicated with the inlet channel of cylinder, and cylinder air chamber forms confined space; Open air intake valve, shock isolating pedestal enters duty;
S4. tonifying Qi: when temperature reduction or chronic leakage, air chamber air pressure reduces, piston, connecting rod, intake and exhaust control lever decline, when the port of intake and exhaust control lever is communicated with the inlet channel of cylinder, pressure-air enters confined space, tonifying Qi is carried out to confined space, to maintain the extreme lower position of piston;
S5. be vented: when temperature raises, air chamber air pressure raises, and piston, connecting rod, intake and exhaust control lever rise, and when port is only communicated with the side near confined space, the pressure-air of confined space is discharged through port;
S6. shock insulation lost efficacy: when the air pressure of pressure-air is not enough or cylinder seriously leaks gas make cylinder air pressure be not enough to hold up superstructure weight time, the all or part of weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston, cylinder wall, bearing does not play cushioning effect, but structure is safety still, now superstructure has a vertically downward displacement, and its displacement is the thickness of installation pad;
S7. check: in cylinder, arrange an electric heating tube, the heating wire in electric heating tube is placed in the protection metal pipe of lower seal, and the top perforate of protection metal pipe is communicated with the confined space of cylinder; When shock isolating pedestal is in normal operating conditions, electric heating tube electrified regulation, confined space temperature raises thus air pressure raises, and shock isolating pedestal enters exhaust condition, checks the degassing function of bearing with this; Degassing function is verified, and electric heating tube stops heating, and confined space temperature declines thus air pressure reduces, and shock isolating pedestal enters tonifying Qi state, checks the gas compensation function of bearing with this.
A kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating method, comprises the step of following order:
S1. the ring flange of piston is connected with the built-in fitting of superstructure with bolt, and the ring flange of cylinder is connected with the built-in fitting of substructure with bolt, and piston is placed in cylinder, forms the confined space storing pressure-air between cylinder and piston; Be placed with installation pad between cylinder head and the ring flange of piston, the total weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston, installation pad, cylinder wall;
S2. inflate first: the sealing bolt first turning on the lubrication steam vent of cylinder, because piston is in operating position, touch to disconnect closing and disconnect, manually manual control switch is closed, make circuit ON, then manually click tactile make and break and close one, make IGCT one conducting, thus magnetic valve one energising is opened, pressure-air enters confined space through inlet channel; Under the influence of air pressure, the interstitial air of cylinder and piston is discharged; After air drains, tighten the sealing bolt of lubrication steam vent with closed lubrication steam vent, then continue aerating to cylinder air pressure just by superstructure jack-up time, the weight of superstructure all by transfer of air to substructure, there is space between the ring flange of piston and installation pad; Now, disconnect manual control switch, magnetic valve power-off is closed, and close air intake valve and make air chamber stable gas pressure, piston maintains just by the position of superstructure jack-up;
S3. be set to duty: remove installation pad, make shock isolating pedestal be in normal operating conditions;
S4. tonifying Qi: when temperature reduction or chronic leakage, confined space air pressure reduces, piston, connecting rod, the tactile ring be arranged on connecting rod decline; When tactile ring drop to certain position leave touch disconnect close time, touch disconnected switch connection, power supply is connected; When tactile ring continues to decline, touch logical tactile make and break and close for the moment, IGCT one conducting, thus magnetic valve one energising is opened, pressure-air enters confined space through inlet channel; Tonifying Qi makes piston, connecting rod, tactile ring rises, when the tactile disconnection of tactile ring rising shake-up is closed, and power-off, magnetic valve one power-off closedown, tonifying Qi terminates;
S5. be vented: when the temperature rises, confined space air pressure raises, and piston, connecting rod, touches ring and rises, when tactile ring rise to certain position leave touch disconnect close time, touch disconnected switch connection, power supply is connected; When tactile ring continues to rise, when tactile logical tactile make and break closes two, IGCT two conducting; After IGCT two conducting, magnetic valve two energising is opened, and the air of seal cavity is discharged through electromagnetism two, and exhaust makes piston, connecting rod, touches ring decline; When tactile ring decline touches disconnection pass, power-off, magnetic valve two power-off closedown, exhaust terminates;
S6. shock insulation lost efficacy: when the air pressure of pressure-air is not enough or cylinder seriously leaks gas make cylinder air pressure be not enough to hold up superstructure weight time, the all or part of weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston, cylinder wall, bearing does not play cushioning effect, but structure is safety still, now superstructure has a vertically downward displacement, and its displacement is the thickness of installation pad;
S7. check: in cylinder, arrange an electric heating tube, the heating wire in electric heating tube is placed in the protection metal pipe of lower seal, and the top perforate of protection metal pipe is communicated with the confined space of cylinder; When shock isolating pedestal is in normal operating conditions, electric heating tube electrified regulation, confined space temperature raises thus air pressure raises, and shock isolating pedestal enters exhaust condition, checks the degassing function of bearing with this; Degassing function is verified, and electric heating tube stops heating, and confined space temperature declines thus air pressure reduces, and shock isolating pedestal enters tonifying Qi state, checks the gas compensation function of bearing with this.
Described air cushion vertical earthquake isolating method, further comprising the steps of:
Protection venting: when the temperature rises, air chamber air pressure raise, bearing enter exhaust condition but Electric automatic control lost efficacy time, piston, connecting rod continue rise, when the bottom of connecting rod is higher than steam vent for subsequent use, the air of confined space is discharged through steam vent for subsequent use;
Inspection: if remove the power supply of automatic control circuit when giving electric heating tube electrified regulation; make automatically to control to lose efficacy; then bearing can not rely on magnetic valve two energising to open to enter exhaust condition and directly enter protection deflation status, checking the insurance function of bearing with this.
When this insurance function can ensure that the temperature rises and automatically control to lose efficacy, the bottom of connecting rod not higher than steam vent for subsequent use, to maintain the extreme higher position of piston.
Described tactile ring can substitute with magnet, and described tactile make and break is closed available tongue tube and substituted.Tactile disconnection in described air cushion vertical earthquake isolating method is closed and is also claimed normally closed switch, switch connection when contact does not contact, and during contact, switch disconnects.Tactile make and break in described air cushion vertical earthquake isolating method is closed and is also claimed normal open switch, and when contact does not contact, switch disconnects, switch connection during contact.
Operation principle of the present utility model:
The Ideal-Gas Equation is:
pV＝nRT
In above formula, p is the pressure of gas; V is the volume of gas; N is the amount of substance of gas, unit mol; R is proportionality constant, R=8.31441J/ (molK); T is system absolute temperature, unit K.
The weight of the superstructure that note shock isolating pedestal bears is G, and the area of section of cylinder air bed course is A, and the height of air cushion is h.The pressure p=G/A of gas, volume V=Ah are substituted into The Ideal-Gas Equation, have:
(G/A)(Ah)＝nRT
Gh＝C＝G
0h
0
G
0, h
0the weight of superstructure that when being respectively stable (namely there are not vibrations, lower with), shock isolating pedestal bears and the height of air cushion.Can obtain above formula differential:
hdG+Gdh＝0
By G=G
0h
0/ h substitutes into above formula, can obtain:
K is the vertical rigidity of shock isolating pedestal.The vertical rigidity of visible shock isolating pedestal is nonlinear.The rigidity of note shock isolating pedestal when stable is k
0.Can obtain:
As can be seen from the above equation, the height h of air cushion is regulated
0, the just vertical rigidity of adjustable shock isolating pedestal.
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect the utility model:
1, the effectively vertical vibrations of isolation.By the restriction of material property, be the needs of satisfied supporting superstructure weight, the vertical rigidity of common shock isolating pedestal can not be too little, therefore the isolating affection of common shock isolating pedestal is not good.And shock isolating pedestal of the present utility model adopts air cushion shock insulation, vertical rigidity can regulate arbitrarily, therefore can reach desirable isolating affection.
2, volume is little, vertical bearing capacity is high.Common shock isolating pedestal adopts rubber earthquake isolation support or spring shock-proof bearing, and volume is large and bearing capacity is not high.And shock isolating pedestal of the present utility model adopts cylinder, piston to form air cushion, the cylinder that air pressure is made by high-strength metal material, piston balance, therefore the little bearing capacity of volume is also very high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the top view of air cushion shock isolating pedestal described in the utility model, and the A-A in figure analyses and observe for turnover is cutd open;
Fig. 2 is the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1, and 13 in figure is the fuel head (lower same) of lubricating oil in cylinder; By controlling to put into how many control fuel heads of cylinder lubricating oil to change air room height, reach the object changing shock isolating pedestal rigidity; The figure shows bearing installment state: cylinder air pressure is zero, the total weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston 2, installation pad 19, cylinder wall, and bearing does not play the situation of cushioning effect; Under this state, the positive/negative thread adjusting rod of adjustable-length connecting rod 16 is in debugging mode, make the port 7 of transverse holes 1 with cylinder of intake and exhaust control lever 14, air admission hole 8 is communicated with, the pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device can enter air chamber through the port 7 of the transverse holes 1 of air admission hole 8, check-valves 18, valve 17, intake and exhaust control lever 14, cylinder, air inlet-outlet pipe 10; In figure, 17 is manual air intake valve; The effect of check-valves 18 only allows air enter air chamber through this valve and do not allow air to reflux through this valve;
Fig. 3 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1, and under the figure shows debugging mode, the pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device enters air chamber, and cylinder air pressure is just by state during superstructure jack-up; Now, there is gap 20 in ring flange and the cylinder wall top of piston 2, and superstructure weight reaches substructure through the air cushion that piston, cylinder are airtight, and bearing plays cushioning effect; Maintain this state air intake valve 17 to be closed;
Fig. 4 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1; The basis of Fig. 3 state is taken away installation pad 19, and the positive/negative thread adjusting rod of adjustable-length connecting rod 16 is adjusted to duty; When the positive/negative thread adjusting rod of adjustable-length connecting rod 16 is in running order, intake and exhaust control lever 14 rises (relative to debugging mode), and port 7, the air admission hole 8 of transverse holes 1 and cylinder are not communicated with, and the air of air chamber is in air-tight state; Now opened by air intake valve 17, bearing enters duty;
Fig. 5 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1; The figure shows tonifying Qi state; When temperature reduction or chronic leakage, air chamber air pressure reduces, piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14 decline, when the port 7 of cylinder, air admission hole 8 are communicated with by the transverse holes 1 of intake and exhaust control lever, the pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device enters air chamber through the transverse holes 1 of air admission hole 8, check-valves 18, valve 17, intake and exhaust control lever 14, the port 7 of cylinder, air inlet-outlet pipe 10, carries out tonifying Qi to air chamber;
Fig. 6 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1; The figure shows exhaust condition; When temperature raises, air chamber air pressure raises, piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14 rise, when the port 7 of cylinder, steam vent 9 are communicated with by the transverse holes 1 of intake and exhaust control lever, vertical hole 15, transverse holes 2 302, air chamber air is discharged through the steam vent 302 of intake and exhaust channel 7, intake and exhaust control lever, vertical hole 15, transverse holes 1 and steam vent 9;
Fig. 7 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1; The figure shows shock insulation failure state; When certain reason makes air chamber air pressure be not enough to the weight supporting superstructure, all or part of weight of superstructure directly reaches substructure through the outer wall of cylinder 1, and bearing does not play cushioning effect, but structure remains safe;
Fig. 8 is superstructure pre-embedded steel slab 3 plane, and the B-B in figure analyses and observe for turnover is cutd open;
Fig. 9 is the B-B direction sectional view of Fig. 8; In figure, 101 for holing tapping on steel plate, and its effect is connected with the ring flange of piston with bolt 4; 102 is anchor bar, and its effect is anchored in the concrete of superstructure;
Figure 10 is substructure pre-embedded steel slab 5 plane, and the C-C in figure analyses and observe for turnover is cutd open;
Figure 11 is the C-C direction sectional view of Figure 10; In figure, 103 for holing tapping on steel plate, and its effect is connected with the ring flange of cylinder with bolt 6; 104 is anchor bar, and its effect is anchored in the concrete of substructure;
Figure 12 is piston 2 plane, and the D-D in figure analyses and observe for turnover is cutd open;
Figure 13 is the D-D direction sectional view of Figure 12; The effect of the preformed hole 105 in figure is connected with superstructure pre-embedded steel slab 3 by piston with bolt 4, and the effect of monaural plate 106 adjustable-length connecting rod 16 and piston 2 is coupled together with pin key;
Figure 14 is cylinder 1 plane, and the E-E in figure analyses and observe for turnover is cutd open;
Figure 15 is the E-E direction sectional view of Figure 14; In figure 203,204 is respectively and upper piston area, piston lower portion contact surface, requirement machining accuracy is high, and be furnished with seal 205 at the contact surface 203 with upper piston area, leave oil guide groove 206 (see Figure 17) with piston lower portion contact surface, the sealing bolt 31 of a steam vent and lubrication steam vent is left on the top of cylinder wall;
Figure 16 is the F-F direction sectional view of Figure 15; The square hole 202 of this figure can allow intake and exhaust control lever 14 freely move up and down, but limits its rotation;
Figure 17 is the G-G direction sectional view of Figure 15; 206 of this figure is oil guide groove, and its effect makes lubricating oil in cylinder arrive top land through the space between this oil guide groove, cylinder and piston under the effect of cylinder air pressure, makes piston and cylinder contact face 203,204 all can sufficient lubrication; When inflating first, the sealing bolt 31 of lubrication steam vent should be backed out, with the pressure of air, oil guide groove, the interstitial air of cylinder and piston be discharged; After air drains, the sealing bolt 31 of lubrication steam vent is tightened this steam vent closed;
Figure 18 is the H-H direction sectional view of Figure 15; 12 of this figure is electrical heating base; 208 is electric heating tube power interface parts, and its shell is hollow metal bolt, and middle two power lines are connected to electrical heating base 12, hollow parts ceramic filler of becoming attached to;
Figure 19 is the I-I direction sectional view of Figure 15; The effect of the preformed hole 207 in figure is connected with substructure pre-embedded steel slab 5 by cylinder with bolt;
Figure 20 is the plane of intake and exhaust control lever 14;
Figure 21 be Figure 20 a to; In figure 15 is inlet and outlet access opening, and this hole is parallel to gas exhaust inspecting bar and occupies in cross section; 301 is transverse holes one, this hole is parallel to otic placode, run through whole control lever and with enter, vertical hole 15 is communicated with; 302 is transverse holes two, and this hole is parallel to otic placode, is communicated with but does not run through whole control lever with vertical hole 15; Wherein the cross section on intake and exhaust control lever 14 top is square, and the cross section at middle part is circular;
Figure 22 be Figure 20 b to; Wherein the cross section on intake and exhaust control lever 14 top is square, and the cross section at middle part is circular;
Figure 23 be Figure 20 c to; Wherein the cross section on intake and exhaust control lever 14 top is square, and the cross section at middle part is circular;
Figure 24 is the plane of adjustable-length connecting rod 16;
Figure 25 be Figure 24 d to; In figure 401 is positive and negative screw nut, and outer boundary is regular hexagon, to regulate length with tool into rotation; One end of component 402 is ears ring, and its effect couples together with the monaural plate 106 of pin key by connecting rod and piston, and the other end is plus thread bolt; One end of component 404 is also ears ring, and its effect couples together with the monaural plate 304 of pin key by connecting rod and intake and exhaust control lever 14, and the other end is left-hand thread bolt;
Figure 26 be Figure 24 e to;
Figure 27 is the plane of monolithic installation pad 19;
Figure 28 is the installation pad plane of 8 monolithic installation pad compositions;
Figure 29 is the J-J direction sectional view of Figure 28;
Figure 30 is the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1, and corresponding circuit diagram is Figure 37; The figure shows bearing installment state: cylinder air pressure is zero, the total weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston 2, installation pad 19, cylinder wall, and bearing does not play the situation of cushioning effect;
Figure 31 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1, and corresponding circuit diagram is Figure 38; The figure shows inflated condition first; Because piston is in operating position (operating position and installation site are same position substantially), touch disconnection pass 26 and disconnect, circuit is obstructed, and automaton can not work; For making cylinder charge, needing manually manual control switch 28 to be closed, making circuit ON, then manually click tactile make and break and close 27, make IGCT 29 conducting; After IGCT 29 conducting, magnetic valve 21 energising is opened, the pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device enters air chamber through air admission hole 8, magnetic valve 21, when cylinder air pressure is just by superstructure jack-up, disconnect manual control switch 28, by dump, magnetic valve 21 power-off is closed, and cylinder maintains just by the position of superstructure jack-up;
Figure 32 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1, is on the basis of Figure 31 state, take away installation pad 19, makes shock isolating pedestal be in normal operating conditions; Corresponding circuit diagram is Figure 39;
Figure 33 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1, and corresponding circuit diagram is Figure 40; This figure is bearing cylinder tonifying Qi state; When temperature reduction or chronic leakage, air chamber air pressure reduces, and piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14, tactile ring 24 decline; When tactile ring 24 drop to certain position leave touch disconnect pass 26 time, touch disconnect pass 26 connect, power supply connect; When tactile ring 24 continues to decline, when tactile logical tactile make and break closes 27, IGCT 29 conducting; After IGCT 29 conducting, magnetic valve 21 energising is opened, and the pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device enters air chamber through air admission hole 8, magnetic valve 21, carries out tonifying Qi to air chamber; Tonifying Qi makes piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14, tactile ring 24 rises; When tactile ring 24 rises shake-up tactile disconnection pass 26, power-off, magnetic valve 21 power-off is closed, and tonifying Qi terminates;
Figure 34 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1, and corresponding circuit soil is Figure 41; This figure is bearing cylinder deflation status; When the temperature rises, air chamber air pressure raises, and piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14, tactile ring 24 rise; When tactile ring 24 rise to certain position leave touch disconnect pass 26 time, touch disconnect pass 26 connect, power supply connect; When tactile ring 24 continues to rise, when tactile logical tactile make and break closes 25, IGCT 30 conducting; After IGCT 30 conducting, magnetic valve 22 energising is opened, and the air of air chamber is discharged through magnetic valve 22, steam vent 23; Exhaust makes piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14, tactile ring 24 declines; When tactile ring 24 declines shake-up tactile disconnection pass 26, power-off, magnetic valve 22 power-off is closed, exhaust end;
Figure 35 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1, and this figure is bearing cylinder protection exhaust condition; When automatically controlling malfunctioning when the temperature rises, if do not carried out protectiveness exhaust, then excessive bearing rises and will produce excessive structural internal force; When the temperature rises, air chamber air pressure raises, bearing enter the exhaust condition of S5 but Electric automatic control lost efficacy time, piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14 continue to rise; When the bottom of intake and exhaust control lever 14 is higher than steam vent 9, the air of air chamber is discharged through steam vent 9; When this insurance function can ensure that the temperature rises and automatically control to lose efficacy, the bottom of intake and exhaust control lever 14 not higher than steam vent 9, to maintain the extreme higher position of piston;
Figure 36 is also the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 1; The figure shows shock insulation failure state; When certain reason makes air chamber air pressure be not enough to the weight supporting superstructure, all or part of weight of superstructure directly reaches substructure through the outer wall of cylinder 1, and bearing does not play cushioning effect, but structure still safety;
The control circuit figure of the corresponding air cushion shock isolating pedestal described in Figure 30 of Figure 37;
The control circuit figure of the corresponding air cushion shock isolating pedestal described in Figure 31 of Figure 38;
The control circuit figure of the corresponding air cushion shock isolating pedestal described in Figure 32 of Figure 39;
The control circuit figure of the corresponding air cushion shock isolating pedestal described in Figure 33 of Figure 40;
The control circuit figure of the corresponding air cushion shock isolating pedestal described in Figure 34 of Figure 41.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present utility model is not limited thereto.
A kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing is primarily of cylinder and piston and some additional aids composition.Cylinder is connected with substructure, and piston is connected with superstructure, and cylinder and piston can freely up and down relative motion, and forms confined space.The pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device can enter confined space through inlet channel.When the insufficient pressure of air is to support the weight of superstructure, all or part of weight of superstructure directly passes to substructure by the ring flange of piston through the outer wall of cylinder, and now shock isolating pedestal only plays the effect of power transmission, does not have the effect of shock insulation.Even if can ensure that shock isolating pedestal lost efficacy, and also can ensure the safety of structure like this.When the pressure of air is enough to the weight supporting superstructure, the total weight of superstructure passes to substructure through air cushion.Air cushion now can support the weight of superstructure effectively, can effectively isolate vertical vibrations again.
The utility model places a certain amount of lubricating oil in the bottom of cylinder, one of its object plays lubrication, two of object is that (in Fig. 2 ~ Fig. 7, Figure 30 ~ Figure 36 13 is gas and oily line of demarcation to adjustment fuel head, be lubricating oil below, above for air layer) regulate the height h of air cushion
0, thus reach the object of the vertical rigidity controlling shock isolating pedestal.The lower wall of cylinder has oil guide groove 206 (see Figure 15,17).Lubricating oil in cylinder, under the effect of air pressure, arrives top land through the space between this oil guide groove, cylinder and piston, makes piston and cylinder contact face all can sufficient lubrication.A lubrication steam vent and sealing bolt 31 are left in the top of cylinder wall.During air chamber aerating first, the sealing bolt 31 of lubrication steam vent should be backed out, with the pressure of air, oil guide groove, the interstitial air of cylinder and piston be discharged.After air drains, the sealing bolt 31 of lubrication steam vent is tightened this steam vent closed.
The temperature rises can make that the air in cylinder expands, air pressure increases, and piston moves, the structure that bearing is supported is moved.When on the amount of moving exceed a certain value time, structure is just dangerous.For ensureing structural safety, when piston displacement is to certain position, the air part in cylinder must be discharged, thus making piston be stabilized in certain scope.This is the exhaust apparatus that the utility model ensures structural safety, and this device can be Mechanical course, also can be Electric automatic control.
The slow leakage of air or mercury dropped can make the air pressure in cylinder decline, and piston moves down, and the structure that bearing is supported moves down.When piston moves down into piston flange dish and cylinder contact, shock isolating pedestal just loses function of shock insulation, but structure still safety.For ensureing the isolating affection of bearing, when piston drops to certain position, must with higher than supporting air pressure needed for superstructure weight, (air pressure needed for supporting superstructure weight is p=G/A, pressure-air down together) pressurizes to air chamber, make piston increase, thus make piston be stabilized in certain scope.This is the exhaust apparatus that the utility model ensures bearing isolating affection, and this device can be Mechanical course, also can be Electric automatic control.
During the slow leakage of temperature Change or air, aerating of the present utility model, exhaust apparatus can ensure structural safety and make shock isolating pedestal reliably working.
The inlet channel of cylinder, is made up of port 7, air inlet 8, air inlet-outlet pipe 10.
Described aerating, exhaust apparatus, comprise adjustable-length connecting rod, intake and exhaust control lever, wherein one end of adjustable-length connecting rod is fixedly connected with piston, the other end is fixedly connected with one end of intake and exhaust control lever, the other end of intake and exhaust control lever is placed in in inlet channel, intake and exhaust control lever inside has port, and described port comprises the transverse holes 1 communicated with inlet channel, the transverse holes 2 302 communicated near confined space with inlet channel, the vertical hole 15 that is communicated with transverse holes 1 and transverse holes 2 302.
Described aerating, exhaust apparatus, comprise the connecting rod that top is fixedly connected with piston, the tactile ring being arranged on rod surface, be arranged on cylinder outside tactile disconnection pass 26, touch make and break closes 1 and tactile make and break closes 2 25, be arranged on magnetic valve 1 in inlet channel and magnetic valve 2 22, and close 1 with tactile disconnection pass 26, tactile make and break, tactile make and break closes 2 25, magnetic valve 1, magnetic valve 2 22 are connected control circuit.Control circuit refers to Figure 37-41, respectively the state residing for vertical earthquake isolating bearing of corresponding diagram 30-34.
The vertical earthquake isolating bearing of the utility model Mechanical course is made up of cylinder 1 and piston 2, and has the additional aids such as adjustable-length connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14.The ring flange of piston is connected with the built-in fitting of superstructure with bolt 4.The ring flange of cylinder is connected with the built-in fitting of substructure with bolt 6.Specific implementation process is as follows:
S1: erection stage.As Fig. 2, at erection stage, be placed with installation pad 19 between the ring flange of cylinder 1 top and piston 2, the total weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston 2, installation pad 19, cylinder wall.After superstructure completes, just can to cylinder chamber inflated.Air pressure for inflating must higher than air pressure needed for supporting superstructure weight.
S2: inflate first.As Fig. 3, first turn on the sealing bolt 31 of lubrication steam vent, then give air chamber aerating.The pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device enters air chamber through the transverse holes 1 of air inlet 8, check-valves 18, valve 17, intake and exhaust control lever 14, the port 7 of cylinder, air inlet-outlet pipe 10.Under the influence of air pressure, oil guide groove, the interstitial air of cylinder and piston are discharged.After air drains, after the sealing bolt 31 of lubrication steam vent is tightened this steam vent closed, continue aerating.Along with air chamber air pressure increases gradually, the superstructure weight transmitted by installation pad 19 is progressively transferred to by transfer of air.When cylinder air pressure is just by superstructure jack-up, the weight of superstructure all by transfer of air to substructure, there is space 20 between the ring flange of piston 2 and installation pad 19.Now, close air intake valve 17 and make air chamber stable gas pressure, piston maintains just by the position of superstructure jack-up.
S3: be set to duty.As Fig. 4, on the basis of S2, remove installation pad 19, have a comparatively wide arc gap between the flange of piston 2 and cylinder 1 top, this gap can ensure can freely do vertical relative motion between cylinder and piston, reaches the object of damping; Regulate the positive/negative thread adjusting rod 401 of adjustable-length connecting rod 16 to shorten the length of connecting rod, intake and exhaust control lever 14 rises, and makes transverse holes 1 between steam vent 9 and intake and exhaust channel 7, and like this, exhaust passage 7 is blocked, and cylinder air chamber is airtight.Open air intake valve 17, shock isolating pedestal enters duty.Now, the weight of superstructure all reaches substructure through air cushion.Because the rigidity of air cushion is very little, the vertical motion of substructure is difficult to reach superstructure through air layer, so just reaches the object of shock insulation.
S4: tonifying Qi.As Fig. 5, when temperature reduction or chronic leakage, air chamber air pressure reduces, piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14 decline, when the port 7 of transverse holes 1 and the cylinder of intake and exhaust control lever, air admission hole 8 are communicated with, the pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device enters air chamber through the transverse holes 1 of air admission hole 8, one way stop peturn valve 18, valve 17, gas exhaust inspecting bar, intake and exhaust channel 7, air inlet-outlet pipe 10, tonifying Qi is carried out to air chamber, to maintain the extreme lower position of piston.
S5: exhaust.As Fig. 6, when temperature raises, air chamber air pressure raises, piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14 rise, when the transverse holes 1 of steam vent 9, intake and exhaust control lever, vertical hole 15, transverse holes 2 302 are communicated with the port 7 of cylinder, air chamber air is discharged through the transverse holes 1 of intake and exhaust channel 7, intake and exhaust control lever, vertical hole 15, transverse holes 2 302 and steam vent for subsequent use 9, to maintain the extreme higher position of piston.
S6: shock insulation lost efficacy.As Fig. 7, when the reasons such as the air pressure of pressure-air is not enough or cylinder seriously leaks gas make cylinder air pressure be not enough to hold up superstructure weight, the all or part of weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston 2, cylinder wall, and bearing does not play cushioning effect, but structure still safety.Now superstructure has a vertically downward displacement, and its displacement is the thickness of installation pad 19.
S7: inspection.For checking air inlet, the degassing function of shock isolating pedestal, in cylinder, be provided with an electric heating tube 11.Heating wire in electric heating tube is placed in protection metal pipe, and protection metal pipe lower seal enters to prevent lubricating oil, and top perforate is communicated with the air chamber of cylinder, is damaged by pressure by pressure-air to avoid protection tube.When shock isolating pedestal is in normal operating conditions, to electric heating tube 11 electrified regulation, the temperature of air chamber is made to increase.Along with the rising of air chamber temperature, air chamber air pressure raises, and bearing enters the exhaust condition of S5, checks the degassing function of bearing with this.Degassing function is verified, and stops heating to electric heating tube 11, and air chamber temperature declines.Along with the decline of air chamber temperature, air chamber air pressure reduces, and bearing enters the tonifying Qi state of S4, checks the gas compensation function of bearing with this.
The structure of the vertical earthquake isolating bearing of the utility model Electric automatic control is basic identical with Mechanical course vertical earthquake isolating bearing, and the scheme just being controlled inlet and outlet has done amendment.Specific implementation process is as follows:
S1: erection stage.As Figure 30, corresponding circuit diagram, as Figure 37, at erection stage, is placed with installation pad 19 between the ring flange of cylinder 1 top and piston 2, and the total weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston 2, installation pad 19, cylinder wall.After superstructure completes, just can to cylinder chamber inflated.Air pressure for inflating must higher than air pressure needed for supporting superstructure weight.
S2: inflate first.As Figure 31, corresponding circuit diagram, as Figure 38, first turns on the sealing bolt 31 of lubrication steam vent, then gives air chamber aerating.Because piston is in operating position, touch to disconnect and close disconnection.For making cylinder charge, manually manual control switch 28 being closed, making circuit ON, then manually click tactile make and break and close 1, make IGCT 1 conducting.After IGCT 1 conducting, magnetic valve 1 energising is opened, and the pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device enters air chamber through the port 7 of air admission hole 8, magnetic valve 1, check-valves 18, valve 17, cylinder, air inlet-outlet pipe 10.Under the influence of air pressure, oil guide groove, the interstitial air of cylinder and piston are discharged.After air drains, after the sealing bolt 31 of lubrication steam vent is tightened this steam vent closed, continue aerating.Along with air chamber air pressure increases gradually, the superstructure weight transmitted by installation pad 19 is progressively transferred to by transfer of air.When cylinder air pressure is just by superstructure jack-up, the weight of superstructure all by transfer of air to substructure, there is space 20 between the ring flange of piston 2 and installation pad 19.Now, disconnect manual control switch 28, magnetic valve 1 power-off is closed, and piston maintains just by the position of superstructure jack-up.
S3: be set to duty.As Figure 32, corresponding circuit diagram, as Figure 39, the basis of Figure 31 state is removed installation pad 19, makes shock isolating pedestal be in normal operating conditions.Now, have a comparatively wide arc gap between the flange of piston 2 and cylinder 1 top, this gap can ensure can freely do vertical relative motion between cylinder and piston, reaches the object of damping.
S4: tonifying Qi.As Figure 33, corresponding circuit diagram is as Figure 40, and when temperature reduction or chronic leakage, air chamber air pressure reduces, and piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14, tactile ring 24 decline.When tactile ring 24 drop to certain position leave touch disconnect pass 26 time, touch disconnect pass 26 connect, power supply connect.When tactile ring 24 continues to decline, when tactile logical tactile make and break closes 1, IGCT 1 conducting.After IGCT 1 conducting, magnetic valve 1 energising is opened, the pressure-air provided by High-Pressure Compressor or pressure-air storage device enters air chamber through the port 7 of air admission hole 8, magnetic valve 1, check-valves 18, valve 17, cylinder, air inlet-outlet pipe 10, carries out tonifying Qi to air chamber.Tonifying Qi makes piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14, tactile ring 24 rises.When tactile ring 24 rises shake-up tactile disconnection pass 26, power-off, magnetic valve 1 power-off is closed, and tonifying Qi terminates.
S5: exhaust.As Figure 34, corresponding circuit diagram is as Figure 41, and when the temperature rises, air chamber air pressure raises, and piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14, tactile ring 24 rise.When tactile ring 24 rise to certain position leave touch disconnect pass 26 time, touch disconnect pass 26 connect, power supply connect.When tactile ring 24 continues to rise, when tactile logical tactile make and break closes 2 25, IGCT 2 30 conducting.After IGCT 2 30 conducting, magnetic valve 2 22 energising is opened, and the air of air chamber is discharged through magnetic valve 2 22, steam vent 23.Exhaust makes piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14, tactile ring 24 declines.When tactile ring 24 declines shake-up tactile disconnection pass 26, power-off, magnetic valve 2 22 power-off is closed, exhaust end.
S6: protection venting.As Figure 35, when automatically controlling malfunctioning when the temperature rises, if do not carried out protectiveness exhaust, then excessive bearing rises and will produce excessive structural internal force.When the temperature rises, air chamber air pressure raises, bearing enter the exhaust condition of S5 but Electric automatic control lost efficacy time, piston 2, connecting rod 16, intake and exhaust control lever 14 continue to rise.When the bottom of intake and exhaust control lever 14 is higher than steam vent 9 for subsequent use, the air of air chamber is discharged through steam vent 9 for subsequent use.When this insurance function can ensure that the temperature rises and automatically control to lose efficacy, the bottom of intake and exhaust control lever 14 not higher than steam vent 9 for subsequent use, to maintain the extreme higher position of piston.
S7: shock insulation lost efficacy.As Figure 36, when the reasons such as the air pressure of pressure-air is not enough or cylinder seriously leaks gas make cylinder air pressure be not enough to hold up superstructure weight, the all or part of weight of superstructure reaches substructure through the ring flange of piston 2, cylinder wall, and bearing does not play cushioning effect, but structure still safety.Now superstructure has a vertically downward displacement, and its displacement is the thickness of installation pad 19.
S8: inspection.For checking air inlet, the degassing function of shock isolating pedestal, in cylinder, be provided with an electric heating tube 11.Heating wire in electric heating tube is placed in protection metal pipe, and protection metal pipe lower seal enters to prevent lubricating oil, and top perforate is communicated with the air chamber of cylinder, is damaged by pressure by pressure-air to avoid protection tube.When shock isolating pedestal is in normal operating conditions, to electric heating tube 11 electrified regulation, the temperature of air chamber is made to increase.Along with the rising of air chamber temperature, air chamber air pressure raises, and bearing enters the exhaust condition of S5, checks the degassing function of bearing with this.Degassing function is verified, and stops heating to electric heating tube 11, and air chamber temperature declines.Along with the decline of air chamber temperature, air chamber air pressure reduces, and bearing enters the tonifying Qi state of S4, checks the gas compensation function of bearing with this.If remove the power supply of automatic control circuit when giving electric heating tube 11 electrified regulation; make automatically to control to lose efficacy; then bearing can not rely on magnetic valve 2 22 to be energized and open the exhaust condition entering S5 and the protection deflation status directly entering S6, checks the insurance function of bearing with this.
Mainly there is following difference with first method in second method: one is the boring part eliminating intake and exhaust control lever 14 bottom, only retain the degassing function of Mechanical course, and add the tactile ring 24 of an adjustable position thereon, in the normal situation of electronic automatic control device, the degassing function of the Mechanical course retained is inoperative, but when electronic automatic control device lost efficacy, the Mechanical course degassing function of reservation can ensure the safety of structure; Two is add an electromagnetic exhaust valve 22 between manual air intake valve 17 and between check-valves 18; Three is add electromagnetic intake valve 21 at check-valves 18 place; Four are the increase in touch and disconnect pass 26 and tactile make and break and close 2 25, touch make and break and close 1; Five are the increase in corresponding control circuit.
Above-described embodiment is the utility model preferably embodiment; but embodiment of the present utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present utility model and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. an air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing, it is characterized in that: comprise cylinder, the piston be placed in cylinder, cylinder and piston can freely up and down relative motion, the confined space storing pressure-air is formed between cylinder and piston, described cylinder is connected with substructure, piston is connected with superstructure, and cylinder sidewall is provided with cylinder wall lubrication steam vent and the sealing bolt for sealing cylinder wall lubrication steam vent, and cylinder bottom is provided with aerator.
2. air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the lubricating oil being placed with adjustable fuel head in described cylinder.
3. air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described piston upper end is provided with ring flange; Installation pad is provided with between described ring flange and cylinder head; Described cylinder bottom is provided with electric heating tube.
4. air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise exhaust apparatus.
5. air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described aerator comprises inlet channel and is arranged on the one way stop peturn valve in inlet channel; Described exhaust apparatus, comprise adjustable-length connecting rod, intake and exhaust control lever, wherein one end of adjustable-length connecting rod is fixedly connected with piston, the other end is fixedly connected with one end of intake and exhaust control lever, the other end of intake and exhaust control lever is placed in inlet channel, intake and exhaust control lever inside has port, and described port comprises the transverse holes one communicated with inlet channel, the transverse holes two communicated near confined space with inlet channel, the vertical hole that is communicated with transverse holes one and transverse holes two.
6. air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing according to claim 5, is characterized in that: be also provided with the valve closing inlet channel in described inlet channel.
7. air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described aerator, comprise the connecting rod that top is fixedly connected with piston, the tactile ring being arranged on rod surface, be arranged on cylinder outside tactile disconnect close, touch make and break closes one and tactile make and break closes two, be arranged on magnetic valve one in inlet channel and magnetic valve two, and with tactile disconnect close, tactile make and break closes one, tactile make and break closes two, magnetic valve one, magnetic valve two are connected control circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420796308.7U CN204298983U (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2014-12-15 | A kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing |
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| CN201420796308.7U CN204298983U (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2014-12-15 | A kind of air cushion vertical earthquake isolating bearing |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104481048A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-01 | 华南理工大学建筑设计研究院 | Vertical air cushion layer shock insulation supporting seat and vertical air cushion layer shock insulation method |
| CN112267374A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-26 | 南京工业职业技术大学 | Damping support for bridge construction |
-
2014
- 2014-12-15 CN CN201420796308.7U patent/CN204298983U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104481048A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-01 | 华南理工大学建筑设计研究院 | Vertical air cushion layer shock insulation supporting seat and vertical air cushion layer shock insulation method |
| CN112267374A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-26 | 南京工业职业技术大学 | Damping support for bridge construction |
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