Evaporative condenser system and apply its system and device
Technical field
The utility model belongs to evaporation condensing plant field, and particularly a kind of structure is simple, evaporates and is condensate in the evaporative condenser system in same container, and this evaporative condenser system is in low-temperature electricity-generating and low temperature seawater desalination field.
Background technique
Conventional evaporator, situation about stopping in vaporizer by solution, is broadly divided into circular form and the large class of one way type two.Circulating vaporizer, solution all circulates in vaporizer; One-pass type vaporizer, solution only by heating chamber once, does not circulate and namely becomes extracting liquid discharge in vaporizer, when solution is by heating chamber, in membranaceous flowing on tube wall, therefore is also called film evaporator traditionally.
Gas passes through a long pipe (usually coiling into solenoid), allows heat loss in the air of surrounding, and the metal of copper and so on imports performance by force, is usually used in carrying steam.For improving the radiating fin of efficiency parasitic conduction excellent performance on pipeline of being everlasting of condenser, strengthen heat diffusion area, to accelerate heat radiation.And accelerate cross-ventilated mode by blower fan the torrid zone is walked.
The heat energy power-generating that conventional Power Generation Mode mainly utilizes combustion fuel (coal, oil and goods, rock gas etc.) to obtain.The generator set of thermal power generation has two kinds of principal modes: utilize boiler to produce high temperature and high pressure steam impulse turbine and rotarily drive electrical power generators, be called Turbo-generator Set; Fuel enters gas turbine and heat energy is directly converted to mechanical energy driving electrical power generators, is called Gas Turbine Generating Units.
No matter be steam turbine generating, or gas turbine power generation, all the high-quality heat energy utilized, the efficiency of generating is all not too high, most important reason is that energy can not make full use of, high-grade steam and combustion gas, after steam turbine or gas turbine, still have energy greatly do not make full use of and lose in vain, cause the waste of energy.
Namely desalination of sea water utilizes seawater desalination to produce fresh water.Be the increment technique of increasing income realizing water resources utilization, fresh water total amount can be increased.Method for desalting seawater now used has seawater freezing method, electroosmose process, the way of distillation, hyperfiltration etc.
Though desalination technology has various, Economy is the key factor determining its extensive use.At home, " cost and investment cost too high ", be considered to be desalination of sea water always and be difficult to a large amount of subject matter used, though China's desalination of sea water has possessed industrialized development condition substantially, the exploitation manufacturing capacity of research level and innovation ability, equipment, system and the aspect such as integrated with still have larger gap abroad.The task of top priority is the entire industries chain forming Chinese sea water desalting equipment market as early as possible, research and develop desalination of sea water new technology, new process, new equipment and the new product with independent intellectual property right, improve the localization rate of parts and components of critical material and key equipment, strengthen autonomous ability of building large-scale Seawater Desalination Project.
Summary of the invention
The utility model is for prior art Problems existing, the utility model devises a kind of negative pressure utilizing vaporizer and condenser, make low temperature water Quick-gasifying, and utilize the pressure reduction between vaporizer and condenser, form the flowing of steam, and by the condensation device in condenser, steam is liquefied, ensure the pressure balance of whole system, achieve a kind of Low Temperature Steam generating means of low cost, and this evaporative condenser system is in low-temp low-pressure generating and the application of field of seawater desalination.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Evaporative condenser system, it is characterized in that: comprise airtight vaporizer and condenser, connecting vessels is provided with between vaporizer and condenser, be provided with the evaporation jet pipe of water ejection atomization in described vaporizer, the condensation device steam produced in vaporizer being carried out to condensation is provided with in condenser, vaporizer and condenser are provided with the pressure regulation device regulated cavity pressure, and the pressure of vaporizer is greater than the pressure of condenser.
The utility model forms negative pressure by pressure regulation device in vaporizer He in condenser, pressure in vaporizer is water saturation vapor tension, namely water is by energy rapid vaporization after evaporation jet pipe ejection atomization, form steam, pressure due to vaporizer is greater than the pressure of condenser, due to the existence of pressure reduction, steam can enter in condenser by connecting vessels rapidly, the condensation device arranged in condenser can cool the steam entering condenser, make steam liquefied, the pressure of steam liquefied post-condenser becomes large, ensures to press equilibrium of forces in vaporizer and condenser.
Further, described vaporizer and condenser integrated setting, condenser is positioned at the top of vaporizer, and the connecting vessels between vaporizer and condenser is a through hole, here the integrated setting of vaporizer and condenser is adopted, effectively reduce the volume of evaporative condenser system, and the utility model structure is simple, is convenient to the amount of investment controlling whole engineering.
Further, described condensation device is coiled tube condenser, adopts coiled tube condenser here, and coil condenser can realize being separated of cooling medium and thing to be cooled, is conducive to the clarity ensureing thing to be cooled.
Further, described condensation device is the condensation jet pipe made water fogging, this be applicable to cooling medium identical with thing to be cooled time.
Further, described pressure regulation device comprises the first vacuum pump, and the first vacuum pump is connected with vaporizer by connecting pipeline, and the second vacuum pump, second vacuum pump is connected with condenser by connecting pipeline, adopts vacuum pump as the pressure regulation device of vaporizer and condenser herein.
Further, described pressure regulation device comprises the first negative tube being connected with vaporizer and producing negative pressure, the lower end of the first negative tube is connected with the first tank, condenser is connected with the second negative tube, second negative tube is connected with the second tank, and the height of the fluid column of the second negative tube is greater than the height of the fluid column of the first negative tube, adopt the cooperation of negative tube and tank herein, stroke negative pressure in vaporizer and condenser, and the pressure of vaporizer is greater than the pressure of condenser, adopt the cooperation of negative tube and tank can form negative pressure in vaporizer and condenser, without the need to the equipment of costliness, the input cost of equipment is low, the pressure adjusting mode of this principle simultaneously, do not consume energy original paper, effectively control the operation cost of equipment.
Low-temp low-pressure power generation system, comprise vaporizer and condenser, connected by connecting vessels between described vaporizer and condenser, it is characterized in that: described connecting vessels is delivery line, delivery line is provided with impeller unit, impeller unit is connected with generator and drives generator operation, the bottom of described vaporizer is provided with the evaporation negative tube maintaining evaporator pressure, evaporation negative tube is communicated with the first tank, vaporizer inside is provided with the evaporation jet pipe of water ejection atomization, evaporation jet pipe is connected with heat exchanger, the lower end of condenser is provided with the condensation negative tube maintaining condenser pressure, condensation negative tube is communicated with the second tank, the inside of condenser is provided with the condensation jet pipe of the steam liquefied that vaporizer produces.
The technical program is the utilization of evaporative condenser system, the pressure that the technical program achieves vaporizer and condenser by evaporation negative tube and condensation negative tube regulates, the pressure of vaporizer is the saturation pressure of hot water, in vaporizer, water vapour can be vaporizated into rapidly from the atomized water of evaporation jet pipe ejection, pressure due to vaporizer is greater than the pressure in condenser, water vapour can flow to condenser from vaporizer, water vapour drives impeller device rotates, impeller unit drive electrical generators generates electricity, water vapour runs into the atomization cold water of condensation jet pipe ejection after entering condenser, water vapour liquefies rapidly, thus maintain the pressure balance of whole system, achieve the recycling of industrial waste heat and waste heat simultaneously, save the energy, in addition in the utility model without extra large energy consumption equipment, effectively control the energy consumption of power generation system, save the energy, and equipment cost of the present utility model is low, only need the simple device such as vaporizer and condenser, equipment cost is lower, be convenient to apply on a large scale.
Described delivery line is also provided with the nozzle for improving steam flow rate, before described nozzle is positioned at impeller unit, the nozzle of setting can accelerate water vapour, thus improves water vapour to the Driving force of impeller unit.
Cryogenic sea water desalting plant, comprise vaporizer, by the condenser that connecting vessels is communicated with vaporizer, described vaporizer internal pressure is higher than the pressure in condenser, and in vaporizer, input the high temperature conveyance conduit of high temperature seawater, high temperature seawater in vaporizer becomes steam to enter condenser from above-mentioned connecting vessels by evaporator evaporation, and in condenser, input the circulating line of low temperature seawater, the above-mentioned steam in condenser and the low temperature seawater circulating line Fluid Contacting in condenser of entering changes into condensed water and combines in condenser, described vaporizer and condenser are provided with liquid surge pipe, liquid surge pipe is connected with liquid storage tank.
The technical program is the another one application of evaporative condenser system, in the technical program, high temperature seawater enters in vaporizer by high temperature conveyance conduit, by the evaporation of vaporizer, moisture content in high temperature seawater is evaporated into water vapor, salt fractionation wherein is regularly discharged in vaporizer, because vaporizer internal pressure is higher than the pressure in condenser, such water vapour just can enter in condenser from communicating passage, input within the condenser on the circulating line of low temperature seawater in spraying shape sprinkling, owing to being low temperature seawater in circulating line, such water vapour is when contacting with circulating line, just water can be condensed into, be deposited in condenser, can directly discharge for user, the utility model does not need new material and expensive equipment, and only need the simple device such as vaporizer and condenser, the input cost of equipment is low, in whole plant running process, adopt the self heat of high temperature seawater and low temperature seawater, and pass through the auxiliary realization of vaporizer, condenser, energy loss is less, has saved the energy, water pump in device is less, and power consumption is little, and without other energy consumption equipments, operation cost is not high.
Described high temperature delivery line is linked with the compression pump for the pressurization of pipeline spout, the high temperature seawater evaporation rate entered in vaporizer can be accelerated like this.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of evaporative condenser system;
Fig. 2 is another mode of execution of evaporative condenser system
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of low-temp low-pressure power generation system;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of cryogenic sea water desalting plant;
In figure, 1 is vaporizer, and 2 is connecting vessels.3 is condenser, and 4 is condensation device, and 5 is the second vacuum pump, and 6 is evaporation jet pipe, 7 is the first vacuum pump, and 21 is the second negative tube, and 22 is the second tank, and 23 is the first tank, 24 is the first negative tube, and 25 and 25 ' are control valve, and 31 is heat exchanger, and 33 is evaporation negative tube, 35 is nozzle, and 36 is impeller unit, and 37 is condensation suction booster, 38 is condensation negative tube, and 41 is circulation loop, and 42 and 45 is liquid surge pipe, 43 is compression pump, and 44 is high temperature delivery line, and 46 and 46 ' are liquid storage tank.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described further.
Mode of execution one
Evaporative condenser system, it is characterized in that: comprise airtight vaporizer 1 and condenser 3, connecting vessels 2 is provided with between vaporizer 1 and condenser 3, be provided with the evaporation jet pipe 6 of water ejection atomization in described vaporizer 1, the condensation device 4 steam produced in vaporizer being carried out to condensation is provided with in condenser 3, vaporizer 1 and condenser 3 are provided with the pressure regulation device regulated cavity pressure, and the pressure of vaporizer is greater than the pressure of condenser.
The utility model forms negative pressure by pressure regulation device in vaporizer He in condenser, pressure in vaporizer is water saturation vapor tension, namely water is by energy rapid vaporization after evaporation jet pipe ejection atomization, form steam, pressure due to vaporizer is greater than the pressure of condenser, due to the existence of pressure reduction, steam can enter in condenser by connecting vessels rapidly, the condensation device arranged in condenser can cool the steam entering condenser, make steam liquefied, the pressure of steam liquefied post-condenser becomes large, ensure to press equilibrium of forces in vaporizer and condenser, connecting vessels in present embodiment is the through hole connecting vaporizer and condenser, and the aperture of through hole is less, be convenient to control the pressure reduction between vaporizer and condenser, be conducive to the vapor flow in vaporizer.
Further, pressure regulation device described in present embodiment comprises the first vacuum pump 7, first vacuum pump 7 is connected with vaporizer 1 by connecting pipeline, and second vacuum pump 5, second vacuum pump 5 is connected with condenser 3 by connecting pipeline, adopt vacuum pump as the pressure regulation device of vaporizer and condenser herein, water is filled in vaporizer and condenser, by the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump, water is extracted out, negative pressure is formed in vaporizer and condenser, and evaporate the pressure that strong pressure is greater than condenser, regulate can control by the real-time quick pressure to vaporizer and condenser by vacuum pump.
Mode of execution two
Evaporative condenser system, it is characterized in that: comprise airtight vaporizer 1 and condenser 3, connecting vessels 2 is provided with between vaporizer 1 and condenser 3, be provided with the evaporation jet pipe 6 of water ejection atomization in described vaporizer 1, the condensation device 4 steam produced in vaporizer being carried out to condensation is provided with in condenser 3, vaporizer 1 and condenser 3 are provided with the pressure regulation device regulated cavity pressure, and the pressure of vaporizer is greater than the pressure of condenser.
Further, described vaporizer 1 and condenser 3 integrated setting, condenser 3 is positioned at the top of vaporizer 1, and the connecting vessels between vaporizer and condenser is a through hole, here the integrated setting of vaporizer and condenser is adopted, effectively reduce the volume of evaporative condenser system, and the utility model structure is simple, is convenient to the amount of investment controlling whole engineering.
Further, described pressure regulation device comprises the first negative tube 24 being connected with vaporizer 1 and producing negative pressure, the lower end of the first negative tube 24 is connected with the first tank 23, condenser 3 is connected with the second negative tube 21, second negative tube 21 is connected with the second tank 22, and the height of the fluid column of the second negative tube 21 is greater than the height of the fluid column of the first negative tube 24, adopt the cooperation of negative tube and tank herein, negative pressure is formed in vaporizer and condenser, and the pressure of vaporizer is greater than the pressure of condenser, adopt the cooperation of negative tube and tank can form negative pressure in vaporizer and condenser, without the need to the equipment of costliness, the input cost of equipment is low, the pressure adjusting mode of this principle simultaneously, do not consume energy original paper, effectively control the operation cost of equipment.
The first above-mentioned negative tube 24 and the second negative pressure 21 pipe are respectively arranged with control valve (25 and 25 '), starting stage, vaporizer and the in-built full water of condenser, the control valve arranged can seal vaporizer and condenser, the outflow of anti-sealing, formed in vacuum, control valve can control the outflow of water, can control the formation of vacuum simultaneously.
Condensation device in addition in above-mentioned two kinds of mode of executions can adopt following two kinds of modes:
Further, described condensation device 4 is coiled tube condenser, adopts coiled tube condenser here, and coil condenser can realize being separated of cooling medium and thing to be cooled, is conducive to the clarity ensureing thing to be cooled.
Further, the condensation jet pipe of described condensation device 4 for making water fogging, this be applicable to cooling medium identical with thing to be cooled time.
The utilization of evaporative condenser system:
Low-temp low-pressure power generation system, comprise vaporizer and condenser, vaporizer and condenser are an independent seal chamber separately herein, connected by connecting vessels 2 between described vaporizer and condenser, it is characterized in that: described connecting vessels 2 is delivery line, delivery line is provided with impeller unit 36, impeller unit 36 is connected with generator and drives generator operation, the bottom of described vaporizer is provided with the evaporation negative tube 33 maintaining evaporator pressure, evaporation negative tube 33 is communicated with the first tank 23, vaporizer inside is provided with the evaporation jet pipe 6 of water ejection atomization, evaporation jet pipe 6 is connected with heat exchanger 31, the lower end of condenser is provided with the condensation negative tube 38 maintaining condenser pressure, condensation negative tube 38 is communicated with the second tank 22, the inside of condenser is provided with the condensation jet pipe of the steam liquefied that vaporizer produces, condensation jet pipe is condensation device.
The technical program is the utilization of evaporative condenser system, the pressure that the technical program achieves vaporizer and condenser by evaporation negative tube and condensation negative tube regulates, the pressure of vaporizer is the saturation pressure of hot water, in vaporizer, water vapour can be vaporizated into rapidly from the atomized water of evaporation jet pipe ejection, pressure due to vaporizer is greater than the pressure in condenser, water vapour can flow to condenser from vaporizer, water vapour drives impeller device rotates, impeller unit drive electrical generators generates electricity, water vapour runs into the atomization cold water of condensation jet pipe ejection after entering condenser, water vapour liquefies rapidly, thus maintain the pressure balance of whole system, achieve the recycling of industrial waste heat and waste heat simultaneously, save the energy, in addition in the utility model without extra large energy consumption equipment, effectively control the energy consumption of power generation system, save the energy, and equipment cost of the present utility model is low, only need the simple device such as vaporizer and condenser, equipment cost is lower, be convenient to apply on a large scale.
Described delivery line is also provided with the nozzle 35 for improving steam flow rate, before described nozzle is positioned at impeller unit, the nozzle of setting can accelerate water vapour, thus improves water vapour to the Driving force of impeller unit.
The another one application of evaporative condenser system:
Cryogenic sea water desalting plant, comprise vaporizer, by the condenser that connecting vessels is communicated with vaporizer, described vaporizer internal pressure is higher than the pressure in condenser, and in vaporizer, input the high temperature conveyance conduit 44 of high temperature seawater, high temperature seawater in vaporizer becomes steam to enter condenser from above-mentioned connecting vessels by evaporator evaporation, and in condenser, input the circulating line 41 of low temperature seawater, the above-mentioned steam in condenser and the low temperature seawater circulating line Fluid Contacting in condenser of entering changes into condensed water and combines in condenser, described vaporizer and condenser are provided with liquid surge pipe (42 and 45), liquid surge pipe connects with corresponding liquid storage tank (46 and 46 ').
The technical program is the another one application of evaporative condenser system, in the technical program, high temperature seawater enters in vaporizer by high temperature conveyance conduit, by the evaporation of vaporizer, moisture content in high temperature seawater is evaporated into water vapor, salt fractionation wherein is regularly discharged in vaporizer, because vaporizer internal pressure is higher than the pressure in condenser, such water vapour just can enter in condenser from communicating passage, input within the condenser on the circulating line of low temperature seawater in spraying shape sprinkling, owing to being low temperature seawater in circulating line, such water vapour is when contacting with circulating line, just water can be condensed into, be deposited in condenser, can directly discharge for user, the utility model does not need new material and expensive equipment, and only need the simple device such as vaporizer and condenser, the input cost of equipment is low, in whole plant running process, adopt the self heat of high temperature seawater and low temperature seawater, and pass through the auxiliary realization of vaporizer, condenser, energy loss is less, has saved the energy, water pump in device is less, and power consumption is little, and without other energy consumption equipments, operation cost is not high.
Described high temperature delivery line is linked with the compression pump 43 for the pressurization of pipeline spout, the high temperature seawater evaporation rate entered in vaporizer can be accelerated like this.
The utility model is not limited to described embodiment; those skilled in the art is not departing from spirit of the present utility model namely openly in scope; still can do some revise or change, therefore the scope that rights protection scope of the present utility model limits with claims is as the criterion.