CN204290958U - Based on the voice communications module of wireless ad-hoc network - Google Patents
Based on the voice communications module of wireless ad-hoc network Download PDFInfo
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- CN204290958U CN204290958U CN201420843792.4U CN201420843792U CN204290958U CN 204290958 U CN204290958 U CN 204290958U CN 201420843792 U CN201420843792 U CN 201420843792U CN 204290958 U CN204290958 U CN 204290958U
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Abstract
Based on a voice communications module for wireless ad-hoc network, connect 32 single-chip microcomputers by host computer computer or terminal, 32 single-chip microcomputers connect radio-frequency (RF) transceiver, and radio-frequency (RF) transceiver connects power amplifier and low noise amplifier; Power amplifier connects filter, and filter connects radio-frequency (RF) switch; Low noise amplifier connects filter, and filter connects radio-frequency (RF) switch, and radio-frequency (RF) switch connects antenna.The advantage of this network is that the status of each station terminal in net is all identical, so when wherein there being any terminal to break down, all the other terminals also can networking again.Meanwhile, for the terminal broken down, same intact terminal can be used to replace at once.Have antijamming capability strong, the advantages such as communication distance is far away, but its traffic rate is lower slightly, can the voice of real-time Transmission higher compression ratio, be not suitable for transmission video signal.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to network communication module, particularly a kind of voice communications module based on wireless ad-hoc network.
Background technology
In recent years, the words such as radio communication, wireless networking, controlled in wireless appear in network and books again and again, and increasing wireless terminal device pours in the middle of our daily life.The such as mobile phone of current almost staff one, for people provide the possibility that can contact with the external world whenever and wherever possible, such as home wireless router again, for people provide network environment easily, especially " box " series products risen in the recent period, each family family can be allowed especially the to enjoy abundant vision grand banquet that Internet resources bring people of its human-oriented price.But the product that all these we often use, all there is a common potential hazard in the mode of its networking, namely the equipment being equal to " base station " must all be had in all networks, be responsible for all data transmitted in the wireless network of process, and coordinate time slot of each wireless terminal transceiving data etc., signal tower in such as mobile communications network, the wireless router in family WIFI.Once this " base station " equipment breaks down, so whole network will be in the state of paralysis, until " base station " is repaired.According to the shape of this networking mode, herein by its called after " Star Network ".This network also has a defect to be exactly that they all easily can not realize the function that " redirect " communicate, and namely allows to realize, also needs user to possess certain cordless communication network knowledge, be configured relevant device.Still for family WIFI, believe that most of user ran into the situation of WIFI signal coverage deficiency, someone proposes the method increasing router transmitting power, even there is company to release with high transmit power to be the large coverage router of amusement, in fact, transmitting power international regulations for wireless router can not more than 100mW, i.e. 20dBm, the super product gone beyond the scope can not go on the market, as for reequiping voluntarily, then need the radio frequency design experience quite enriched, irrational amplifying circuit has the danger of burning router, simultaneously, the transmitting power exceeding restriction also has harm to health.At present the safer scheme of expanding the coverage area is that the router that use one has a bridging functionality carries out a transfer to network signal, i.e. said " redirect " function above, but be that the user needing certain basis for web application just can complete for the configuration of such router.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: provide a kind of voice communications module based on wireless ad-hoc network.This networking mode devises wireless real-time speech communicating terminal, and terminal also possesses voice and character message, the utility functions such as sharing position information simultaneously.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
Based on a voice communications module for wireless ad-hoc network, it is characterized in that: connect 32 single-chip microcomputers by host computer computer or terminal, 32 single-chip microcomputers connect radio-frequency (RF) transceiver, and radio-frequency (RF) transceiver connects power amplifier and low noise amplifier; Power amplifier connects filter, and filter connects radio-frequency (RF) switch; Low noise amplifier connects filter, and filter connects radio-frequency (RF) switch, and radio-frequency (RF) switch connects antenna.
Described 32 single-chip microcomputers, radio-frequency (RF) transceiver, power amplifier, low noise amplifier are by Power supply.
The utility model effect is:
The advantage of this network is that the status of each station terminal in net is all identical, so when wherein there being any terminal to break down, all the other terminals also can networking again.Meanwhile, for the terminal broken down, same intact terminal can be used to replace at once.
Have antijamming capability strong, the advantages such as communication distance is far away, but its traffic rate is lower slightly, can the voice of real-time Transmission higher compression ratio, be not suitable for transmission video signal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the communication module hardware block diagram of the structure of voice communications module based on wireless ad-hoc network
Embodiment
" base station " equipment is not had in this networking mode mentioned in this article, any terminal is all equal status in a network, the shortest communication path arriving the other side can both be found in any two terminals of net, if namely need redirect to arrive the other side, so terminal paths that number of hops can be selected minimum.Herein by this networking mode called after " peer-to-peer network ".Because be all par in the terminal of net, if so there is terminal to break down, so remaining terminal too can networking again.Also there is certain defect in certain this networking mode, namely when carrying out networking, the time of consumption is longer, needs the unification of all terminals to carry out a routing inquiry etc. when having terminal to add or exit network.So the program is applicable to the occasion that can not often significantly change in quantity and the position of network termination, be generally used for Industry Control.We devise wireless real-time speech communicating terminal based on this networking mode, and terminal also possesses voice and character message, the utility functions such as sharing position information simultaneously.
The Hardware Design
The composition frame chart of wireless communication module is as shown in Figure 1:
Adopt UART to communicate between single-chip microcomputer with host computer, if host computer is computer in practical operation, then needs the rs 232 serial interface signal this UART signal being converted to RS232 level, ICL3232 chip can be used to realize this conversion.This communication mode is simple, does not need to install extra driving simultaneously, really realizes plug and play.
Modulation /demodulation is integrated in a slice IC by radio-frequency (RF) transceiver, the design relative ease of such peripheral circuit is simple, different transceivers can be selected for different application scenarios, common model has CC1101, SI4432, ADF7021 etc., these products only need several capacitance-resistances and inductance can realize complete radio-frequency system (ADF7021 is slightly many), communication module can be integrated in one piece of very little printed board, save structure space.Easily operation simultaneously, can obtain larger return with lower cost.
LNA and power amplifier are selected according to demand.The integrated LNA in most of single chip radio frequency transceiver inside, increases external LNA on this basis and may not improve signal quality.The use of power amplifier with otherwise determined by the signal transmission power of actual demand, but the performance index for power amplifier need to carry out strict screening, if modulation system have selected FSK or QPSK, then signal amplitude is not obvious for the impact of signal receiving, at this moment the linearity for power amplifier is not high, and the range of choice of power amplifier model is also relatively wide in range.
Filter generally uses sound wave surface wave filter, needs the strict Insertion Loss index investigating selected model during selection, if select improper, then the situation of deep fades useful signal while appearing in filtering, makes transmission range have a greatly reduced quality.
The LDO that the power supply of single-chip microcomputer and radio-frequency (RF) transceiver can select output current smaller, but power supply ripple must be little as far as possible, otherwise the interference that radio frequency transceiver produces directly will affect signal quality; When LNA and power amplifier are owing to working, power consumption is comparatively large, so power supply must select the model that output current is larger, such as output current is the product of 2A, and ripple is little as far as possible equally simultaneously.
Radio-frequency (RF) switch is used for carrying out gating to reception and transmitting line, and can be controlled by the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, when module is in accepting state, antenna is connected with receiving lines, when being in emission state, and antenna and transmitting connection.Insertion Loss index will be made during selection equally little as far as possible.
Antenna should be selected according to the communications band used, and high-gain aerial is significantly improved for the transmission performance tool of signal, but high-gain is all along with the increase of antenna length, so can only use when conditions permit.Radio frequency connector between module and antenna generally uses the model of SMA standard interface, and this interface is threaded, connects relative securement.
Hardware is selected
The radio-frequency (RF) transceiver selected when realizing this networking mode is herein the SX1278 of SEMTECH company, it adopts unique LoRa pattern, use Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Communication mode, in this mode, each Bit data is called a symbol, after modulation, each symbol is by the integrated m sequence scrambler of chip internal, form a string chip, most Highly Scalable becomes 4096 chips, minimum easily extensible becomes 64 chips, can reach the wireless communication rate of the highest 37.5kbps when using minimum chip to expand.When demodulation, demodulator carries out integration operation to the frequency spectrum received, because the autocorrelation of m sequence is high, the feature that cross correlation is extremely low, after the white Gaussian noise be added on signal is multiplied by m sequence, the result of integration is close to is 0, after useful signal is multiplied by m sequence, integration then can obtain very high signal strength signal intensity, so this modulation system can by noise suppressed within very little amplitude, improve the anti-interference of wireless signal dramatically, even can useful signal be buried in white Gaussian noise in some application scenario, enhance the confidentiality of signal.Under the highest traffic rate state, the sensitivity of this radio-frequency (RF) transceiver can reach-112dBm.
That single-chip microcomputer is selected is the STM32F103C8 of ST company, and this chip adopts Contex-M3 kernel, and highest frequency can reach 72MHz, have the program's memory space of 64kB and the ram space of 20kB, FreeRTOS real time operating system can be run, be widely used, cheap.The information that same host computer communication, configuration radio-frequency (RF) transceiver and process receive and send is responsible for by single-chip microcomputer, and host computer writes the application layer protocol of oneself for realizing concrete function.
LNA, power amplifier and filter do not use in this module, because the reason of SX1278 self modulation system, use filter to reduce white Gaussian noise and too large effect is not had for raising signal receiving sensitivity, and this chip internal has been integrated with LNA and power amplifier, 20dBm can be reached inspiring transmitting power under pattern, meet instructions for use, meet relevant laws and regulations simultaneously.
Radio-frequency (RF) switch employs uPG2179, and this chip volume is little, and Insertion Loss is little, and strobe state conversion is fast, meets the instructions for use of present communications speed.
The carrier wave frequency range of SX1278 uses 433MHz scope, and this frequency range belongs at home exempts from application range, but the product of current this frequency range of use is very general, and this more will can embody the advantage of the interference free performance of direct sequence spread spectrum modulation system.When selecting 433MHz antenna, if conditions permit, use sucker antenna as far as possible, and by sucker suction on the metal of good earth, this reception for signal is significantly increased, if but do not have condition by sucker suction on the metal of good earth time, then do not select sucker antenna, our experiment proves, when not having adsorption conditions, the straight-bar antenna ratio sucker antenna communication effect directly connected is more outstanding.
Communication process
The module free time length phase is in wireless receiving state, once receive valid data frame, carries out classification immediately and resolves, and make response to this frame to it.
If need to send receipt or host computer has data to send, then first should read the value of the RSSI register of SX1278, the corresponding relation between this value and present channel signal strength signal intensity is:
RSSI[dBm]＝-137+RSSI
CSMA/C (collision is avoided) mode can be used afterwards to determine to send the opportunity of Frame.
Having a kind of special command frame in Frame, carrying out addressing by sending this frame, the module receiving this frame sends receipt for this frame, then forwards, until all destination nodes all complete this process.Preservation is arrived the routing information of other all nodes, for secured transmission of payload data by the communication module sending command frame.
Functional entity
Based on this peer-to-peer network networking mode, we achieve the real-time speech communicating function between multi-section terminal, have taken into account voice SMS and character message simultaneously.The coded system of higher compression ratio is have employed when transferring voice, the bit strearm rate generated is 2.4kbps, under guarantee voice content clearly prerequisite, dramatically saves on bandwidth resources, thus lower wireless communication rate can be used to obtain transmission range far away, simultaneously also for transfer provides guarantee.
During design, we have employed the mode that wireless communication module separates with voice communication terminal, use the contact pin of 2.0 spacing to be connected, communicated by UART between module with terminal, and terminal provides 5V DC power supply for module.All encoding and decoding speech functions are all realized by terminal software, communication module is responsible for networking and transfer of data, so communication module is equivalent to a low power station for terminal, such low power station is integrated within terminal casing by we, achieves short distance voice communication in teams and groups.
Menu can be used after starting up of terminal to send routing inquiry order, inquire about rear terminal from module, to read routing iinformation can learn which the current target that can contact has, these targets are created as address list by terminal, can initiate call to it by selecting the contact person in address list or send note.
Adopt the data transfer mode without receipt when transmitting real-time voice, be packaged into by speech data and often wrap maximum 60 bytes, then each inter-packet gap 50ms sends in order, and recipient carries out decoding and plays can the continuous speech clearly of uppick.Adopting the data transfer mode having receipt when transmitting note, ensureing the transmitting of data.
Be integrated with map software and Big Dipper positioning chip in terminal, can send mutually locating information allow the other side understand the position of oneself between terminal by communication module, this is that the deployment of personnel provides a great convenience, and allows commanding grasp the trend of personnel at any time.
Communication module also provides command interface for terminal, and terminal can be arranged communication module by utility command statement, and wherein wireless communication rate is a most important option.When communication environment is severe, farther communication distance can be reached by reducing wireless communication rate.Although cannot real-time voice be transmitted when low rate, can transferring voice or character message.This in case of emergency provides possibility for still contacting between terminal.The minimum traffic rate of SX1278 is 24bps, and this Time Bandwidth is 10kHz, and sensitivity can up to-148dBm, 20dBm transmitting power when, the communication distance of open field can reach more than 8km.
Propose a kind of wireless ad-hoc network without base station herein and build mode, the advantage of this network is that the status of each station terminal in net is all identical, so when wherein there being any terminal to break down, all the other terminals also can networking again.Meanwhile, for the terminal broken down, same intact terminal can be used at once to replace, and the difference between terminal models and function need not be considered.
In this networking mode, the coverage of network can expand to very large, but the not redirect of recommendation more than 3 grades, because often increase one-level redirect, Frame just multithread will lead to one bout in a network, the network delay that this process increases is considerable, and redirect too much can make the real-time of network have a greatly reduced quality.Meanwhile, be not suitable for large-scale movement in the terminal of net, on a large scale the mobile communication path fracture easily causing having set up, thus need to re-start route requests.
Hardware should select suitable radio-frequency (RF) transceiver according to the demand of project, the SX1278 selected herein has antijamming capability strong relative to like product, the advantages such as communication distance is far away, but its traffic rate is lower slightly, can the voice of real-time Transmission higher compression ratio, be not suitable for transmission video signal.
Claims (2)
1. based on a voice communications module for wireless ad-hoc network, it is characterized in that: connect 32 single-chip microcomputers by host computer computer or terminal, 32 single-chip microcomputers connect radio-frequency (RF) transceiver, and radio-frequency (RF) transceiver connects power amplifier and low noise amplifier; Power amplifier connects filter, and filter connects radio-frequency (RF) switch; Low noise amplifier connects filter, and filter connects radio-frequency (RF) switch, and radio-frequency (RF) switch connects antenna.
2. the voice communications module based on wireless ad-hoc network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described 32 single-chip microcomputers, radio-frequency (RF) transceiver, power amplifier, low noise amplifier are by Power supply.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106357296A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-01-25 | 杭州隽德科技有限公司 | UART interface internet-of-things wireless transceiver based on lora modulation mode |
| CN106658433A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 陈君华 | Method for realizing digital cluster interphone based on LoRa technology and interphone |
| CN106788560A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉大学 | A kind of data radio station based on SX1278 |
| CN106898128A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-27 | 上海磐剑海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of unmanned boat remote control based on LoRa technologies |
| CN107147415A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-09-08 | 深圳市亿兆互联技术有限公司 | A kind of voice intercom device and method based on LORA technologies |
| CN109348494A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-15 | 中南民族大学 | It is a kind of based on can independence networking node remote local area network and its working method |
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2014
- 2014-12-26 CN CN201420843792.4U patent/CN204290958U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106357296A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-01-25 | 杭州隽德科技有限公司 | UART interface internet-of-things wireless transceiver based on lora modulation mode |
| CN106788560A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉大学 | A kind of data radio station based on SX1278 |
| CN106658433A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 陈君华 | Method for realizing digital cluster interphone based on LoRa technology and interphone |
| CN106898128A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-27 | 上海磐剑海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of unmanned boat remote control based on LoRa technologies |
| CN107147415A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-09-08 | 深圳市亿兆互联技术有限公司 | A kind of voice intercom device and method based on LORA technologies |
| CN107147415B (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2019-12-10 | 深圳市亿兆互联技术有限公司 | Voice intercom device and method based on LORA technology |
| CN109348494A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-15 | 中南民族大学 | It is a kind of based on can independence networking node remote local area network and its working method |
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