CN204269265U - For the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment - Google Patents
For the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN204269265U CN204269265U CN201420487807.8U CN201420487807U CN204269265U CN 204269265 U CN204269265 U CN 204269265U CN 201420487807 U CN201420487807 U CN 201420487807U CN 204269265 U CN204269265 U CN 204269265U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of for the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment, the elastic body comprising encapsulating housing and be arranged in described encapsulating housing and fiber grating induction installation, described elastic body adopts metal-base composites to make, described fiber grating induction installation comprises presser sensor grating, described presser sensor grating embeds in described elastic body, described presser sensor grating surface is coated with metal material, this fiber bragg grating pressure sensor can improve the anti-high pressure resistance to elevated temperatures of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor largely, there is high strength, high-modulus and the high advantage of measuring accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to fibre optic compression sensor technical field, particularly relates to a kind of for the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment.
Background technology
Fiber-optic pressure sensor technology is one of gordian technique in engineering monitoring technology.Fibre optic compression sensor utilizes optical principle and optical fiber technology, the measured signal of perception is converted to and can transmits and the output signal measured.In fibre optic compression sensor structure function, namely optical fiber be sensing responsive element is also signal transmission medium, and as sensing responsive element, it has the features such as measurement sensistivity height and stable performance; As signal transmission medium, it has not by electromagnetic interference (EMI) and the feature such as loss of signal amount is little, therefore, fibre optic compression sensor to be even more important and extensively in the application in engineering monitoring field, and fiber-optic pressure sensor technology realizes important application and practice in the construction of the underground workss such as exploration, monitoring, tunnel and foundation ditch and research; Usually, sensor fibre is directly connected to by cable and controls monitoring center, to realize remote distributed monitoring.
Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor utilizes in fiber core, causes the cyclical variation of refractive index to be formed.The periodic structure of index distribution in fiber grating, can reflect the light wave of specific wavelength, thus forms the reflectance spectrum of fiber grating.Reflection wavelength and temperature and light grid institute is strained relevant, and therefore fiber grating can be used for the change of monitor strain and temperature, and the strain caused by other physical quantity and temperature variation.When fiber bragg grating pressure sensor is applied, usually fiber grating is embedded in the elastomer, carry out protection packaging simultaneously.Wavelength versus temperature and the strain of reflected light are very responsive, when elastomeric surface is under pressure, elastic body inherently can produce strain, this strain is again by fiber grating perception strain variation, fiber grating strains together with elastic body, the peak wavelength of fiber grating reflected light is caused to drift about, by realizing the sensing to temperature and strain to the tolerance of wavelength shift.The elastic body of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor generally adopts metal material, often adopt method that is bonding or welding, but this mode is applied and often lost efficacy in high temperature environments between grating and metal; Being embedded in by fiber grating in carbon fibre composite can enlarge measurement range, but the working temperature of carbon fibre composite is within 350 DEG C, is not suitable for higher temperature; Further, the coated material of optical fiber generally adopts acrylate and polyimide bi-material, but works under its high temperature being all not suitable for more than 300 DEG C.
Utility model content
The utility model for existing fiber bragg grating pressure sensor because the restriction of structure causes the problem that cannot apply under high temperature and high pressure environment, there is provided a kind of for the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment, the anti-high pressure resistance to elevated temperatures of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor can be improved largely, there is the advantage that high strength, high-modulus and measuring accuracy are high.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
For the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment, it is characterized in that, comprise encapsulating housing and the elastic body that is arranged in described encapsulating housing and fiber grating induction installation; Described elastic body adopts metal-base composites to make, and described fiber grating induction installation comprises presser sensor grating, and described presser sensor grating embeds in described elastic body, and described presser sensor grating surface is coated with metal material.
Described fiber grating induction installation also comprises temperature compensation grating, and described temperature compensation grating to be connected with described presser sensor grating by isolating device and to be encapsulated in described encapsulating housing, and described temperature compensation grating surface is coated with metal material.
Described encapsulating housing adopts stainless steel material.
Described presser sensor grating surface is coated with two-layer nickel metal material evenly to produce pressure-strain.
Described metal-base composites comprises metal matrix material and the reinforcing material of densification, and described reinforcing material comprises carbon fiber, and described elastic body comprises metallic matrix that metal matrix material makes and the reinforcement that reinforcing material is made.
Described metallic matrix chooses different metal materials to adapt to different environment temperatures.
Described reinforcing material is carbon fiber, and described carbon fiber surface is coated with nickel metal material.
Technique effect of the present utility model is as follows:
It is a kind of for the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment that the utility model relates to, and comprises encapsulating housing and the elastic body that is arranged in described encapsulating housing and fiber grating induction installation; Described elastic body adopts metal-base composites to make, described fiber grating induction installation comprises presser sensor grating, described presser sensor grating embeds in described elastic body, described presser sensor grating surface is coated with metal material, the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor of this Structure composing can utilize photorefractive effect, at the light wave being partially formed the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection specific wavelength of refractive index periodic distribution of optical fiber, be used for the change of monitor strain and temperature, and the strain caused by other physical quantity and temperature variation.Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor have not low by electromagnetic interference (EMI), optical transmission loss, be suitable for the advantages such as long distance, simultaneously, fiber bragg grating pressure sensor also utilizes the pressure change in the elastic body perception external world of metal-base composites, pressure change makes metal-base composites produce strain, this effects of strain is on presser sensor grating, fiber grating reflection peak wavelength is made to change for measurement, the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor of this structure works under being applicable to being applied in high temperature and high pressure environment, avoiding prior art adopts the elastic body of metal material to cause the problem that lost efficacy in high temperature environments due to the bonding between grating and metal or welding, it also avoid prior art fiber grating to be embedded in working temperature in carbon fibre composite only can cannot to adapt to the problem of higher temperature within 350 DEG C, under metal-base composites can be operated in the hot environment of 350-1200 DEG C, and keep high strength and high-modulus.In addition, fiber bragg grating pressure sensor also utilizes and can bear higher working temperature at presser sensor grating surface metallizing material, the fiber grating of withstand high temperatures can further improve the ability to work of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor high temperature resistance high pressure as the medium of impression and transmission, avoid the problem that prior art causes at the surface of optical fiber coating acrylate and polyimide bi-material to work under the high temperature more than 300 DEG C.The metallized fiber grating that metallizing material is formed is imbedded the elastic body of metal-base composites, form the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor that can be used under high temperature and high pressure environment, can work long hours 400 DEG C high temperature and under the hyperbaric environment of tens of MPa can be reached.Under this fiber bragg grating pressure sensor is suitable for accurately measuring oil well, the application such as Engine Block Test.
Further, in order to the impact that compensation temperature change produces fiber grating reflection wavelength, presser sensor grating connects a temperature compensation grating by isolating device, namely the fiber grating induction installation of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor comprises presser sensor grating and temperature compensation grating, presser sensor grating pair pressure change and responsive to temperature; Temperature compensation grating is only responsive to temperature variation, insensitive to pressure change, and this fiber grating induction installation can realize strain and temperature dual sensitivity like this.Further, this presser sensor grating surface applied in two coats nickel metal material, and can at steady operation under high temperature range evenly to produce pressure-strain; Simultaneously, the elastic body of the metal-base composites of this fiber bragg grating pressure sensor comprises metallic matrix that metal matrix material makes and the reinforcement that reinforcing material is made, and according to the difference of the elastomeric metal material of metal-base composites, can under different high temperature range steady operation, there is high strength, high-modulus simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the utility model is for the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor preferred structure schematic diagram under high temperature and high pressure environment.
Fig. 2 a is optical fiber grating structure schematic diagram disclosed in the utility model; Fig. 2 b is fiber grating refractive index cycle change schematic diagram disclosed in the utility model.
Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c are respectively the incidence of the fiber grating that the utility model relates to, projection and reflection wavelength schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the elastomeric structural representation of the utility model metal-base composites.
In figure, each label lists as follows:
1-encapsulating housing; 2-elastic body; 3-presser sensor grating; 4-temperature compensation grating; 5-optical fiber; 6-fibre core; 7-Bragg grating; 8-metallic matrix; 9-carbon fiber; 10-nickel metallization presser sensor grating; 11-isolating device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described.
The utility model discloses a kind of for the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment, its preferred structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.This fiber bragg grating pressure sensor comprises encapsulating housing 1 and the elastic body 2 that is arranged in described encapsulating housing 1 and fiber grating induction installation, this fiber grating induction installation comprises by the interconnective presser sensor grating 3 of isolating device 11 and temperature compensation grating 4, wherein presser sensor grating 3 embeds in elastic body 2, and temperature compensation grating 4 is outside and be encapsulated in encapsulating housing 1 at elastic body 2.Wherein, encapsulating housing 1 can adopt stainless steel material or other rigid material, elastic body 2 adopts metal-base composites to make, fiber grating induction installation also can only comprise presser sensor grating 3, temperature compensation grating 4 is preferred components, and presser sensor grating 3 and temperature compensation grating 4 surface are coated with metal material.
The fiber bragg grating pressure sensor that the utility model relates to, utilize ultraviolet band laser device and phase mask plate, at the grating being partially formed periodic refractive index distribution as shown in Figure 1 of single-mode fiber, i.e. Bragg grating, simultaneously in order to compensation temperature change is on the impact of fiber grating reflection wavelength generation, a temperature compensation grating 4 is added by isolating device 11 in the rear end of presser sensor grating 3, can realize strain and temperature dual sensitivity, temperature compensation grating is only responsive to temperature variation, insensitive to pressure change, and isolating device 11 can play the effect intercepting pressure transmission, this fiber bragg grating pressure sensor utilizes the pressure change in the elastic body 2 perception external world of metal-base composites, pressure change makes metal-base composites produce strain, this effects of strain is on presser sensor grating 3, fiber grating reflection peak wavelength is changed, and the difference of metal material looked by metal-base composites, can at 350-1200 DEG C steady operation, there is high strength, high-modulus simultaneously, fiber bragg grating pressure sensor can utilize at presser sensor grating 3 and temperature compensation grating 4 surface metallization material, improves the ability to work of fiber bragg grating pressure sensor high temperature resistance high pressure further.Adopt metal can both bear comparatively elevated operating temperature as the fiber grating of coating, take copper as the fiber grating of Material coating be example, surface is coated with the high temperature that the presser sensor grating 3 of copper metal and temperature compensation grating 4 can tolerate 400 DEG C for a long time, and the short time tolerates the high temperature of 600 DEG C; Be described for nickel metal material, surface is coated with the presser sensor grating 3 of nickel metal and temperature compensation grating 4 can work long hours at 400-600 DEG C.The fiber bragg grating pressure sensor as shown in Figure 1 that the utility model relates to, preferably at presser sensor grating 3 surperficial applied in two coats nickel metal material evenly to produce pressure-strain, the presser sensor grating 3 of surperficial nickel coating metal is embedded in the elastic body 2 of metal-base composites, formation can be used in the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment, can work long hours 400 DEG C high temperature and under reaching the hyperbaric environment of tens of MPa, the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor of this structure is suitable for accurately measuring under oil well or the applied environment such as Engine Block Test.
Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor utilizes photorefractive effect, and as shown in Figure 2 a, at the Bragg grating 7 being partially formed refractive index periodic distribution of the fibre core 6 of optical fiber 5, the refractive index of its corresponding periodic distribution as shown in Figure 2 b.Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can reflect the light wave of specific wavelength, reflection wavelength is strained relevant with temperature and light grid institute, its incidence, projection and reflection wavelength schematic diagram are as shown in Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c, therefore fiber grating can be used for the change of monitor strain and temperature, and the strain caused by other physical quantity and temperature variation.The reflected wavelength lambda of fiber grating
bcan be formulated as:
λ
B＝2n
eΛ
Wherein, n
efor the equivalent refractive index of fiber core; Λ is screen periods.Strain and temperature directly affect the refractive index of fiber core, can illustrate by linear formula below:
Wherein,
represent variations in refractive index;
with
represent the variation factor of refractive index with temperature and axial stress;
with
represent the change of temperature and stress.
During by other physical quantity of optical fiber grating measuring, need the change corresponding physical quantity being converted into strain, such as, presser sensor grating 3 is embedded in the elastic body 2 of metal-base composites, elastomeric surface is when bearing pressure, elastic body inherently can produce strain, and this strain, again by fiber grating perception strain variation, converts the wavelength variations of reflected light to.
When utilizing above-mentioned High Temperature High Pressure fiber bragg grating pressure sensor to test, after the light that spectral range can reach the wideband light source of tens nanometer incides sensor, the light of specific wavelength can be reflexed to sensor (FBG) demodulator respectively by presser sensor grating 3 and temperature compensation grating 4, the reflection wavelength phase difference nanometer of presser sensor grating 3 and temperature compensation grating 4, in whole working range, both reflection waves can not overlap.Presser sensor grating 3 experiences the change of strain and temperature, and temperature compensation grating 4 experiences the change of temperature, temperature variation is reduced from the measurement result of presser sensor grating 3, and what obtain is exactly extraneous pressure change.The relation of the pressure that sensor measurement arrives and optical grating reflection optical wavelength is as follows:
P＝G
p[(λ
1-λ
0)-K(λ
T1-λ
T0)]
Wherein, P is pressure; G
pfor pickup wire property coefficient; K is temperature correction coefficient; λ
1, λ
t1for the current wavelength value (nm) of presser sensor grating 3 and temperature compensation grating 4; λ
0, λ
t0for presser sensor grating 3 and the initial wavelength value (nm) of temperature compensation grating 4.
Fig. 4 is metal-base composites elastomer structure schematic diagram of the present utility model, as shown in the figure, metal-base composites elastic body 2 comprises metallic matrix 8 that metal matrix material makes and the reinforcement that reinforcing material is made, this reinforcing material is carbon fiber 9, and carbon fiber 9 surface is coated with nickel metal material.Metallic matrix 8 and carbon fiber 9 are connected as a single entity by densification process extruding compacting etc. and form metal-base composites elastic body 2, and the presser sensor grating and the nickel metallization presser sensor grating 10 that are coated with nickel metal material embed in the elastic body 2 of metal-base composites formation.Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor utilizes the pressure change in the elastic body 2 perception external world of metal-base composites, pressure change makes metal-base composites produce strain, this effects of strain is on presser sensor grating 3, fiber grating reflection peak wavelength is changed, and the difference of metal material looked by metal-base composites, can at 350-1200 DEG C steady operation, namely metallic matrix 8 chooses different metal materials to adapt to different environment temperatures; Select carbon fiber 9 as reinforcing material simultaneously, make the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor of this structure have high strength and high-modulus.
This utility model being specifically made as preferably for the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment: first remove clad in optical fiber local and do to carry hydrogen process, this clad is generally acrylate material, or polyimide material, or copper, the metal material such as aluminium or nickel, then ultraviolet band laser device and phase mask plate is utilized to scribe presser sensor grating 3 and temperature compensation grating 4 in described optical fiber local and do thermal treatment, then the described optical fiber topical application nickel metal material (namely removing nickel coating metal material on the optical fiber that clad scribes presser sensor grating 3 and temperature compensation grating 4) of clad is being removed, and the presser sensor grating 3 of nickel coating metal material is embedded in the elastic body 2 adopting metal-base composites to make, finally described elastic body 2 and temperature compensation grating 4 are encapsulated in outer enclosure housing 1, just make the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under a complete high temperature and high pressure environment.
It should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make the invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way creation.Therefore; although this instructions has been described in detail the invention with reference to drawings and Examples; but; those skilled in the art are to be understood that; still can modify to the invention or equivalent replacement; in a word, all do not depart from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the invention patent.
Claims (4)
1. for the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor under high temperature and high pressure environment, it is characterized in that, comprise encapsulating housing and the elastic body that is arranged in described encapsulating housing and fiber grating induction installation; Described elastic body adopts metal-base composites to make, and described fiber grating induction installation comprises presser sensor grating, and described presser sensor grating embeds in described elastic body, and described presser sensor grating surface is coated with metal material.
2. fiber bragg grating pressure sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fiber grating induction installation also comprises temperature compensation grating, described temperature compensation grating to be connected with described presser sensor grating by isolating device and to be encapsulated in described encapsulating housing, and described temperature compensation grating surface is coated with metal material.
3. fiber bragg grating pressure sensor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described encapsulating housing adopts stainless steel material.
4. fiber bragg grating pressure sensor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described presser sensor grating surface is coated with two-layer nickel metal material evenly to produce pressure-strain.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104198096A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-10 | 基康仪器股份有限公司 | Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor used in high-temperature high-voltage environment and manufacturing method |
| CN104895559A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-09 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Oil-gas well downhole optical fiber temperature and pressure test instrument |
| CN105865529A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-17 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Optical fiber temperature pressure sensor |
| CN106989863A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Point type force cell based on fiber grating |
| CN108896232A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-27 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of optical fiber type superhigh temperature pressure sensor with temperature compensation function |
-
2014
- 2014-08-27 CN CN201420487807.8U patent/CN204269265U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104198096A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-10 | 基康仪器股份有限公司 | Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor used in high-temperature high-voltage environment and manufacturing method |
| CN104895559A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-09 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Oil-gas well downhole optical fiber temperature and pressure test instrument |
| CN104895559B (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-09-15 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Oil/gas Well downhole optic fiber temperature, pressure tester |
| CN105865529A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-17 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Optical fiber temperature pressure sensor |
| CN105865529B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-11-14 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Optical fiber temperature and pressure sensor |
| CN106989863A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Point type force cell based on fiber grating |
| CN108896232A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-27 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of optical fiber type superhigh temperature pressure sensor with temperature compensation function |
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