CN204257764U - Lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN204257764U CN204257764U CN201420842192.6U CN201420842192U CN204257764U CN 204257764 U CN204257764 U CN 204257764U CN 201420842192 U CN201420842192 U CN 201420842192U CN 204257764 U CN204257764 U CN 204257764U
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- pressure
- shape memory
- temperature
- lithium ion
- release sheet
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The application discloses a kind of lithium ion battery, comprises battery container and is installed on the battery cap on described battery container.Described battery cap or described battery container are provided with relief hole.Described lithium ion battery also comprises pressure relief device.Described pressure relief device comprises pressure release sheet and shape memory variant part.Described pressure release sheet seals described relief hole.Described shape memory variant part comprises temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment and stings saturating portion.Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment to be arranged on described battery container or described battery cap and between described battery container and described battery cap.The saturating portion of described thorn to be arranged on described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment and to point to described pressure release sheet.Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment produce towards the distortion of described pressure release sheet under the pressure or temperature value of setting, and drive the saturating portion of described thorn towards described pressure release sheet motion until the saturating portion of described thorn punctures described pressure release sheet.The security performance of lithium ion battery can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to field of lithium ion battery, particularly relates to a kind of lithium ion battery.
Background technology
Along with the application of lithium ion battery in electric automobile and energy storage field expands increasingly, the security incident relevant report of lithium ion battery is also increasing, as bus, electric motor car catch fire the event of nature and blast, in recent years, the security performance of lithium ion battery also more and more comes into one's own.
Usually, the cause of lithium ion battery safety problem is thermal runaway, along with constantly riseing of temperature, there is various reaction in inside lithium ion cell, such as: the chemical reaction of inside battery complexity, anode and electrolyte generation reduction reaction, negative electrode and electrolyte generation oxidation reaction, electrolyte self reacts by the Various Complex such as thermal evaporation, decomposition.These reactions are attended by a large amount of gas while causing lithium ion battery constant temperature to rise and generate, and cause inner pressure of battery sharply to raise, and then cause the safety problems such as battery explosion.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of lithium ion battery with desired Safety performance.
For achieving the above object, the utility model proposes a kind of lithium ion battery, comprise battery container and be installed on the battery cap on described battery container; Described battery cap or described battery container are provided with relief hole; Described lithium ion battery also comprises pressure relief device; Described pressure relief device comprises pressure release sheet and shape memory variant part; Described pressure release sheet seals described relief hole; Described shape memory variant part comprises temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment and stings saturating portion; Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment to be arranged on described battery container or described battery cap and between described battery container and described battery cap; The saturating portion of described thorn to be arranged on described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment and to point to described pressure release sheet; Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment produce towards the distortion of described pressure release sheet under the pressure or temperature value of setting, and drive the saturating portion of described thorn towards described pressure release sheet motion until the saturating portion of described thorn punctures described pressure release sheet.
Further, the saturating portion of described thorn has the tip pointing to described pressure release sheet.
Further, described temperature or the maximal memory deflection of pressure shape memory shell fragment on the direction towards described pressure release sheet are c; Distance between described tip and described pressure release sheet is designated as d, and 0≤d≤c.
Further, described pressure release sheet is provided with line of weakness or plane of weakness; Described line of weakness or plane of weakness relative with described tip.
Further, described pressure release sheet is arranged on the outer surface of described battery container or the outer surface of described battery cap; Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment are arranged on the inner surface of described battery container or the inner surface of described battery cap.
Further, described pressure release sheet and described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment are arranged on the inner surface of described battery container or the inner surface of described battery cap; Described pressure release sheet and described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment interval are arranged.
Further, described pressure relief device also comprises support; Described Bracket setting is on the inner surface of described battery container or described battery cover board; Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment are arranged in described support.
Further, the pressure receptive field of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 0.1-1.0MPa; The pressure conditions that described pressure release sheet breaks is 0.4-0.6MPa.
Further, the pressure receptive field of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 0.4-0.6MPa; The pressure conditions that described pressure release sheet breaks is 0.4-0.6MPa.
Further, the temperature sense scope of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 100-300 DEG C.
Further, the temperature sense scope of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 110-175 DEG C.
Further, described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment to adopt in Au, Ag, Cd, Cu, Zn, Al, Sn, Si, Ga, In, Ti, Ni, Fe, Pt, Pd, Nb, Fe, Mn Ce, Br at least two or more mischmetals or have temperature or pressure has the macromolecular material of memory effect to make.
Further, described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment are provided with multiple through hole.
Further, the porosity of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 20%-85%.
Lithium ion battery of the present utility model utilizes temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment to produce under the pressure or temperature value of setting towards the saturating portion of distortion drive thorn of pressure release sheet towards the motion of pressure release sheet until the portion of thorn punctures pressure release sheet, reach the object of pressure release, thus improve the security performance of lithium ion battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the decomposing schematic representation of lithium ion battery in the utility model one embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the pressure relief device of lithium ion battery in Fig. 1 and cover plate schematic diagram when fitting together;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the variant part of pressure relief device;
Fig. 4 is pressure relief device in another embodiment of the utility model and cover plate schematic diagram when fitting together;
Fig. 5 is the variant part of pressure relief device and the vertical view of support;
Fig. 6 be the variant part of pressure relief device in another embodiment of the utility model together with bracket assembled time structural representation;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of another angle when variant part is together with bracket assembled in Fig. 6.
Embodiment
For preventing lithium ion battery from causing lithium ion battery explosion because of interior pressure sharp increase, correlation technique discloses a kind of lithium ion battery with relief valve.When lithium ion battery meets accident in the adverse circumstances such as high temperature due to improper charging, short circuit or be exposed to, the interior pressure of lithium ion battery sharply raises, the gas of inside lithium ion cell can wash relief valve open, reaches the object of pressure release, thus improves the security performance of lithium ion battery.But opening of relief valve is that pressure size by inside lithium ion cell controls, and the individual difference due to relief valve is difficult to the pressure controlling to open relief valve accurately.And, when lithium ion battery generation thermal runaway, the temperature of inside lithium ion cell reaches 400 DEG C of even thousands of degree usually, yin, yang level electrode active material in lithium ion battery and electrolyte react and generate a large amount of gas (comprising imflammable gas and non-combustible gas), and make electrolyte evaporate the flammable electrolyte vapors of formation.Above-mentioned gas and vapour mixture spray fast from relief valve, and are taken out of from relief valve by high-temperature solid particle in the process of ejection; Imflammable gas and flammable electrolyte vapors and the high-temperature solid particle of ejection mix, and easily cause burning, finally cause lithium ion battery ignition with air after contacting.
For this reason, the utility model provides a kind of lithium ion battery and the pressure relief device thereof with desired Safety performance.
Be described principle of the present utility model and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, illustrated embodiment, only for explaining the utility model, is not intended to limit scope of the present utility model.For those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, according to all embodiments that the utility model spirit obtains, all belong to protection range of the present utility model.
Fig. 1 is the decomposing schematic representation of lithium ion battery in the utility model embodiment one.As shown in fig. 1, lithium ion battery comprises battery container 10, the battery core 20 be installed in battery container 10, the electrolyte (not shown) be poured in battery container 10, and is installed on the battery cap 50 on battery container 10.Wherein, battery cap 50 is provided with positive terminal and negative terminal 60 (diagram positive and negative terminals is distinguished), and positive and negative terminals 60 is electrically connected respectively by the positive and negative electrode of conduction connector 30 with battery core 20.The central position of battery cap 50 between positive terminal and negative terminal 60 is provided with relief hole 70,
Lithium ion battery also comprises pressure relief device 4.Pressure relief device 4 comprises pressure release sheet 80 and shape memory variant part 40.Wherein, pressure release sheet 80 coordinates with relief hole 70 and forms relief valve; When lithium ion battery is due to improper charging, short circuit or be exposed in the adverse circumstances such as high temperature and meet accident, when causing the interior pressure of lithium ion battery or temperature to reach pressure or the temperature value of setting, shape memory variant part 40 is by the sealing between the deformation failure pressure release sheet 80 that produces under its pressure in this setting or temperature value and relief hole 70, relief valve is opened with the gas discharging inside lithium ion cell, reach the object of pressure release, thus improve the security performance of lithium ion battery.
Particularly, pressure release sheet 80 is installed on relief hole 70, outside material both can have been stoped to enter the inside of battery container 10 through relief hole 70 and play a protective role, can break again and play the effect of safeguard protection under certain pressure conditions.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, pressure release sheet 80 is arranged on the first surface of battery cap 50 as being positioned at the outer surface (when lithium ion battery is in position shown in Fig. 1) of battery container 10 outside by welding, the mode such as bonding, and is sealed by relief hole 70.Pressure release sheet 80 can be made up of the metal material identical with battery cap 50, so, can overcome between different metal and form electrolytic cell because there is electrical potential difference with outside air or electrolyte, reduces the risk that corrosion reaction occurs.Such as, pressure release sheet 80 can adopt the metal or alloy such as aluminium, aluminium alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, stainless steel to make.In addition, pressure release sheet 80 also can adopt high molecular polymer to make.Pressure release sheet 80 has good ductility, can not fly out when breaking pressure release.According to an execution mode of the present utility model, pressure release sheet 80 can apply or bonding one deck resistant material, such as PE and/or PP, pressure release sheet 80 can be prevented by electrolytic corrosion.According to another execution mode of the present utility model, pressure release sheet 80 is provided with line of weakness or plane of weakness, and plane of weakness or line of weakness are first broken when cell internal pressure is excessive, thus makes the rupture location of pressure release sheet 80 controlled.According to an execution mode of the present utility model, it is 0.4-0.6MPa that pressure release sheet 80 reaches the force value can born when breaking critical condition.
Shape memory variant part 40 is arranged on the second surface of battery cap 50 as the inner surface (when lithium ion battery is in position shown in Fig. 1) towards battery core 20 by welding, the mode such as bonding, and coordinates with pressure release sheet 80.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, shape memory variant part 40 comprises temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 and to be arranged on temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 and to point to the saturating portion 43 of thorn of pressure release sheet 80.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the appearance profile of temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 and the mating shapes of relief hole 70, make the periphery of temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 can be sealed in relief hole 70 by welding, the mode such as bonding, and and pressure release sheet 80 interval arrange.When adopting bonding way, electrolyte resistance need be adopted to corrode and temperature tolerance range be in temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 and memory scope, to guarantee the sphere of action of temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41.
Temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 can adopt at least two or more mischmetals such as Au, Ag, Cd, Cu, Zn, Al, Sn, Si, Ga, In, Ti, Ni, Fe, Pt, Pd, Nb, Fe, Mn Ce, Br or for have the macromolecular material of memory effect to make to temperature or pressure.In one embodiment, the temperature sense scope of temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 is 100-300 DEG C, preferred temperature range 110-175 DEG C; The pressure receptive field of temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 is 0.1-1.0MPa, and preferred pressure range is 0.4-0.6MPa.In one embodiment, temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 can adopt CeBr3 to make.When the temperature of inside lithium ion cell or pressure are positioned at temperature sense scope or the pressure receptive field of temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41, generation is out of shape towards the memory of pressure release sheet 80 by temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41, and the saturating portion 43 of thorn be arranged on temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 is moved until puncture pressure release sheet 80 towards pressure release sheet 80.Temperature or the maximal memory deflection of pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 on the direction towards pressure release sheet 80 are designated as c, the suitable material preparation temperature with shape memory function or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 can be selected to make temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 have suitable memory deflection c according to the thickness of battery cap 50, the length etc. of stinging portion 43.
Stinging portion 43 is fixed on temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 by welding, the mode such as bonding, and in temperature or between pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 and pressure release sheet 80.When adopting bonding way, electrolyte resistance need be adopted to corrode and temperature tolerance range be in temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 and memory scope, to guarantee the sphere of action of temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41.
Sting portion 43 and there is the tip 430 pointing to pressure release sheet 80.The distance of stinging between the tip 430 in portion 43 and pressure release sheet 80 is designated as d, 0≤d≤c.Sting portion 43 to determine according to temperature or the memory deflection c of pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 and the thickness etc. of battery cap 50 from temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 to the length on pressure release sheet 80 direction.If the length of stinging portion 43 is too short, possibly pressure release sheet 80 cannot be stung; If the length of stinging portion 43 is long, then may cause pressure release sheet 80 cannot be installed.
When lithium ion battery because improper charging, short circuit or be exposed in the adverse circumstances such as high temperature meets accident but before inside is out of control, the temperature of inside lithium ion cell or pressure can sharply raise.When the temperature of inside lithium ion cell or pressure range reach temperature sense scope or the pressure receptive field of temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41, generation is out of shape towards the memory of pressure release sheet 80 by temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41, and the saturating portion 43 of thorn be arranged on temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 is moved until sting portion 43 to puncture pressure release sheet 80 towards pressure release sheet 80.Like this, before inside lithium ion cell is out of control, gas and the heat of inside lithium ion cell shed in advance; Even if inside lithium ion cell is out of control subsequently, the heat of inside lithium ion cell and the power of gas pressure weaken many, greatly can improve the security performance of lithium ion battery.
In addition, in order to improve the security performance of lithium ion battery further, multiple through hole 42 can be set in temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41.The porosity of temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 can be 20%-85%, for providing pressure release passage and can stop portions dust or Mars spraying with high-speed gas, thus improves the security performance of lithium ion battery further.Having enough intensity in order to ensure temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 makes portion of stinging 43 can puncture pressure release sheet 80, through hole 42 is arranged on the region of distance thorn saturating portion 43 certain distance, in other words, with the region of thorn saturating portion 43 direct neighbor through hole 42 is not set.
In addition, for not easily welding with battery cap 50 or bonding temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41, as shown in Figures 4 to 7, shape memory variant part 40 can comprise support 44 further.Temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 are arranged in support 44 by modes such as welding, bonding, embeddings.Support 44 is arranged on the inner surface of battery cover board 50 by welding, the mode such as bonding.So, pressure release sheet 80 also can be fixed on the inner surface of battery cover board 50, and and interval, thorn saturating portion 43 on the temperature be arranged in support 44 or pressure shape memory shell fragment 41 arrange.
It should be noted that, in the shown embodiment, lithium ion battery is rectangular lithium ion battery.But be understandable that, the profile of the utility model to lithium ion battery is not particularly limited, lithium ion battery also can be the lithium ion battery of other shapes, such as, and square lithium ion battery and column lithium ion battery.In addition, shape memory variant part 40 also can adopt mode similar to the above to arrange on the housing 10, or is separately positioned on housing 10 and battery cap 50.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not in order to limit the utility model, all within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (14)
1. a lithium ion battery, comprises battery container and is installed on the battery cap on described battery container; Described battery cap or described battery container are provided with relief hole, it is characterized in that, described lithium ion battery also comprises pressure relief device; Described pressure relief device comprises pressure release sheet and shape memory variant part; Described pressure release sheet seals described relief hole; Described shape memory variant part comprises temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment and stings saturating portion;
Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment to be arranged on described battery container or described battery cap and between described battery container and described battery cap; The saturating portion of described thorn to be arranged on described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment and to point to described pressure release sheet;
Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment produce towards the distortion of described pressure release sheet under the pressure or temperature value of setting, and drive the saturating portion of described thorn towards described pressure release sheet motion until the saturating portion of described thorn punctures described pressure release sheet.
2. lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the saturating portion of described thorn has the tip pointing to described pressure release sheet.
3. lithium ion battery according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described temperature or the maximal memory deflection of pressure shape memory shell fragment on the direction towards described pressure release sheet are c; Distance between described tip and described pressure release sheet is designated as d, and 0≤d≤c.
4. lithium ion battery according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described pressure release sheet is provided with line of weakness or plane of weakness; Described line of weakness or plane of weakness relative with described tip.
5. lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressure release sheet is arranged on the outer surface of described battery container or the outer surface of described battery cap; Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment are arranged on the inner surface of described battery container or the inner surface of described battery cap.
6. lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressure release sheet and described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment are arranged on the inner surface of described battery container or the inner surface of described battery cap; Described pressure release sheet and described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment interval are arranged.
7. lithium ion battery according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described pressure relief device also comprises support; Described Bracket setting is on the inner surface of described battery container or described battery cover board; Described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment are arranged in described support.
8. lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pressure receptive field of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 0.1-1.0MPa; The pressure conditions that described pressure release sheet breaks is 0.4-0.6MPa.
9. lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pressure receptive field of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 0.4-0.6MPa; The pressure conditions that described pressure release sheet breaks is 0.4-0.6MPa.
10. lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature sense scope of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 100-300 DEG C.
11. lithium ion batteries according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature sense scope of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 110-175 DEG C.
12. according to the lithium ion battery in claim 1 to 11 described in any one, it is characterized in that, described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment to adopt in Au, Ag, Cd, Cu, Zn, Al, Sn, Si, Ga, In, Ti, Ni, Fe, Pt, Pd, Nb, Fe, Mn Ce, Br at least two or more mischmetals or have temperature or pressure has the macromolecular material of memory effect to make.
13., according to the lithium ion battery in claim 1 to 11 described in any one, is characterized in that, described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment are provided with multiple through hole.
14. lithium ion batteries according to claim 13, is characterized in that, the porosity of described temperature or pressure shape memory shell fragment is 20%-85%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420842192.6U CN204257764U (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Lithium ion battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420842192.6U CN204257764U (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Lithium ion battery |
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| CN204257764U true CN204257764U (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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| CN201420842192.6U Active CN204257764U (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Lithium ion battery |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104485479A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-01 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery |
| WO2018120654A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Protection device for battery, battery, battery pack, and vehicle |
-
2014
- 2014-12-25 CN CN201420842192.6U patent/CN204257764U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104485479A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-01 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery |
| WO2018120654A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Protection device for battery, battery, battery pack, and vehicle |
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