CN204255880U - A kind of novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect - Google Patents
A kind of novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect Download PDFInfo
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- CN204255880U CN204255880U CN201420799741.6U CN201420799741U CN204255880U CN 204255880 U CN204255880 U CN 204255880U CN 201420799741 U CN201420799741 U CN 201420799741U CN 204255880 U CN204255880 U CN 204255880U
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- optical fiber
- steel ball
- axis
- ball surface
- fiber
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Abstract
The utility model specifically discloses a kind of novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect, and this sensor is primarily of LASER Light Source, and the sensor probe of filling material and housing composition fixed by fibre bundle and optical fiber, and photoelectric commutator forms; Described LASER Light Source launches the infrared light of 820 nano wave lengths; Described fibre bundle is made up of 19 optical fiber, comprise 1 launching fiber bundle and 18 root receiving fibers, described launching fiber and reception fibre bundle are close-packed arrays, form the hexagonal array such as a two dimension, axle center is launching fiber, is outwards cross quadrature receiving optical fiber successively by axle center, be made up of 6 optical fiber, divide four tunnels to carry out opto-electronic conversion, in cross perpendicular array, ratio proccessing receives fibre bundle two-way individually opto-electronic conversion.The beneficial effects of the utility model are: be applied to by optical fiber sensing technology in steel ball surface defect detection, and can carry out multiparameter robotization Non-Destructive Testing and process in real time, structure is simple, and volume is little, and measuring accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor detecting steel ball surface defect, especially can realize the measurement of the multiple defect parameters of a kind of sensor, belong to field of precision measurement.
Background technology
According to machinery industry standard " rolling bearing steel ball surface imperfection atlas and assessment method ", steel ball surface defect is divided into spot, pit, scratch, draws bar and pit etc., comprise roughness measurement, defect counts detects and the measurement of flaw size, flaw size comprises defect length size, defect width dimensions and depth of defect size, detect to steel ball surface defect and bring inconvenience, the sensor detected for steel ball surface defect at present only can detect a parameter mostly; Extensively adopt contourgraph inspection in conjunction with the method for metaloscope manual measurement in factory, efficiency is very low, and effects on surface defect adopts the classic method of Manual Visual Inspection, and false drop rate is high, or Introduced From Abroad steel ball surface defect automatic tester, expensive.The restriction of detection efficiency and the blockade of external core technology cause domestic steel ball surface quality detection dependence to be inspected by random samples in proportion, reduce the reliability of steel ball quality, and this has become restriction China steel ball industry and has developed a bottleneck.
At present, in field of precision measurement, general sensor is all serve instrumentation or device for single measured parameter, the measurement of individual event parameter can only be realized, with reflection-type optical fibre sensor, steel ball surface defect is detected, also there is following technical matters and deficiency: the performance of the variable effect optical detecting method of (1) steel ball surface reflectivity;
(2) impact of steel ball sphere is located to the installation of sensor probe axis and the centre of sphere makes troubles;
(3) tested steel ball dip plane defective effect testing result;
(4) steel ball surface defect detects needs to assess multiple parameter.
Utility model content
For traditional steel ball surface defect detection method Problems existing, overcome the deficiency of prior art, according to the theory of rough surface scattering and twin-beam comparative measurement method and reflection-type fiber sensor operating characteristic, the utility model proposes a kind of novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect, structure is simple, volume is little, and measuring accuracy is high, can realize multiparameter Non-Destructive Testing.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:
A kind of novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect, comprise sensor probe and photoelectric commutator, the fibre bundle of described sensor probe is made up of ring-shaped distributed 19 optical fiber, it comprises launching fiber and receives fibre bundle, described launching fiber and reception fibre bundle wait hexagonal array in two dimension, and axle center is launching fiber, are receive optical fiber successively by axle center to outer ring, 6 root receiving fibers nearest with launching fiber are cross quadrature receiving optical fiber, and it is divided into four road A
1, A
2, B
1, B
2to be connected with a photoelectric commutator separately respectively, to obtain four road electric signal; Remaining 12 root receiving fibers is that ratio proccessing receives optical fiber, and the 6 ratio proccessing reception coupling fibers being arranged in same circumference are that a road is connected with a photoelectric commutator, and obtain two paths of signals C, D, sensor exports six road electric signal altogether.
Described cross quadrature receiving optical fiber is wait hexagonal array, the diagonal line of an optional regular hexagon corresponding vertex is as Y-axis, build plane orthogonal coordinate system, the two piece optical fiber crossing with Y-axis, respectively as positive axis optical fiber and negative semiaxis optical fiber, are respectively connected with a photoelectric commutator; Remain four root receiving fibers and be arranged in X-axis both sides respectively, the positive and negative semiaxis of X-axis respectively has two optical fiber to be coupled as a road to be respectively connected with a photoelectric commutator; Finally define A
1, A
2, B
1, B
2four road signals; X-axis optical fiber and Y-axis optical fiber form cross perpendicular array, and X-axis signal intensity is the twice of Y-axis signal intensity, distinguish two axis of reference by the signal intensity of two axles.
Described ratio proccessing receives optical fiber, be according to from axle center launching fiber apart from different differentiation, ratio proccessing receives optical fiber two-way, and every road has six roots of sensation optical fiber arrangement in same radius size circumferentially.
19 close fiber optic arrangement in described fibre bundle, form two dimension etc. hexagonal array.
Described LASER Light Source launches the infrared light of 820 nano wave lengths.
Reception optical fiber described in the utility model, cross quadrature receiving optical fiber divides four tunnels to export, and ratio proccessing receives optical fiber and divides two-way to export.
Each road of reception optical fiber described in the utility model exports to be connected with a photoelectric commutator separately carries out opto-electronic conversion, has six road electric signal and exports.
Launching fiber described in the utility model is multimode optical fiber with reception optical fiber.
Detection method of the present utility model is as follows:
Step 1. pair device is corrected;
Utilize cross quadrature receiving optical output signal to calculate angle of inclination, measure equation in orthogonal both direction and be defined as:
Wherein: α is the angle of dip plane in X-direction, β is the angle of dip plane in Y direction; Q
a1, Q
a2, Q
b1, Q
b2be respectively A
1, A
2, B
1, B
2not go the same way output photoelectric conversion voltage value;
When α and β angle is in the scope that error sets, device does not need to carry out any rectification;
When α and β angle exceeds the scope of error setting, the probe of device or steel ball position are adjusted, make it in the scope of error setting;
Step 2. measures the roughness of steel ball surface;
After step 1 pair device is corrected, measure the roughness of steel ball surface:
Q＝Q
C+Q
D，
Wherein: Q
c, Q
dexport for ratio proccessing receives optical fiber opto-electronic conversion, Q value Output rusults becomes corresponding relation with steel ball surface roughness, through demarcating the roughness value that can obtain steel ball.
Step 3. measures steel ball surface change in displacement defect
Measure the defect that steel ball surface has change in displacement, to defect length, defect width, depth of defect and flaw height sensitive.
Take twin-beam comparative measurement method, output signal ratio proccessing being received fibre bundle does ratio proccessing, ratio be only with sensor probe end face to the relevant function of tested steel ball surface distance h, and have nothing to do with the factor such as the size of light intensity, steel ball surface roughness and fiber transmission attenuation, disappear the impact of reflectivity by this method, thus the displacement information in extraction defect characteristic, accurately detect the change in displacement defect of rough surface, sensor measurement equation is defined as:
H (h) is the ratio of opto-electronic conversion output voltage values, and ratio and change in displacement are corresponding relation, carries out displacement measurement through demarcating.
H (h) is only relevant with surface imperfection displacement information, effectively can detect the defect of change in displacement, and need not consider the impact of roughness.Can displacement measurement be carried out through demarcation, this method can also be applied to except steel ball surface displacement defects detection other have the occasion of change in displacement.Because H (h) is the ratio detecting light intensity signal, decrease the impact of disturbing factor, improve measuring accuracy.
By the measurement of angle of cross quadrature receiving optical fiber, can accurately determine steel ball surface defect inclination conditions, prevent the orienting reflex light caused due to inclination conditions and make measurement result occur deviation; By these two angles, location and installation of can also conveniently popping one's head in.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1. the utility model takes twin-beam comparative measurement method, difference is received fibre bundle output signal and does ratio proccessing, ratio be only from the function of different circle fiber end face to the distance dependent of reflecting body, and have nothing to do with the factor such as the size of light intensity, the roughness of reflecting body and fiber transmission attenuation, therefore this method is by the impact of the reflectivity that can disappear, thus extracts the displacement information in defect characteristic.
2. utilize cross quadrature receiving optical fiber to export and calculate angle of inclination, make sensor probe location is installed conveniently when piano plate accurately.
3. take into full account steel ball sphere, the multifactorial impacts such as defect dip plane, measuring accuracy is high.
4. cross quadrature receiving optical fiber divides four road signals to export, A
1, A
2, B
1, B
2cruciform symmetry arrangement respectively; This sensor probe configuration, determine that probe axle center is installed and steel ball centre of sphere centering according to the difference of four road signals, probe installation receives optical fiber A after determining
1with A
2, B
1with B
2the change of light intensity signal can calculate the angle that tested steel ball shows dip plane.If probe installation exists Disalignment, can be eliminated by the compensating action of cross quadrature receiving optical fiber.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is fiber-optic sensor probe cross sectional representation;
Fig. 2 is Fibre Optical Sensor schematic appearance;
Fig. 3 is fiber-optic sensor probe steel ball defects detection schematic diagram;
1. launching fibers in figure, 2. cross quadrature receiving optical fiber, 3. ratio proccessing receives fibre bundle C, and 4. ratio proccessing receives fibre bundle D, 5. filling material fixed by optical fiber, 6. housing, 7. LASER Light Source, 8. photoelectric commutator, 9. fibre bundle, 10. sensor probe, 11. steel ball surface defects, 12. tested steel balls.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the surface imperfection 11 that the utility model is used for tested steel ball 12 detects, and comprise LASER Light Source 7, photoelectric commutator 8, sensor probe 10, sensor probe 10 fixes filling material 5 by fibre bundle 9, optical fiber and housing 6 forms.
Fibre bundle 9 comprises 19 optical fiber, it comprises launching fiber and receives fibre bundle, described launching fiber and reception fibre bundle wait hexagonal array in two dimension, axle center is launching fiber, by axle center to outer ring be successively receive optical fiber, the six roots of sensation optical fiber cross quadrature receiving optical fiber 2 nearest with launching fiber is divided into four road A
1, A
2, B
1, B
2be connected with described photoelectric commutator respectively and obtain four road signals, and A
1, A
2, B
1, B
2for cruciform symmetry arrangement; Remaining 12 root receiving fibers is that ratio proccessing is received fibre bundle C3 and ratio proccessing and received fibre bundle D4, and be different according to from launching fiber distance, 6 coupling fibers being arranged in same circumference are that a road is connected with a photoelectric commutator, obtain two paths of signals C, D; Sensor exports six road electric signal altogether, is respectively Q
a1, Q
a2, Q
b1, Q
b2, Q
c, Q
d.
Cross quadrature receiving optical fiber is wait hexagonal array, the diagonal line of an optional regular hexagon corresponding vertex is as Y-axis, build plane orthogonal coordinate system, the two piece optical fiber crossing with Y-axis, respectively as positive axis optical fiber and negative semiaxis optical fiber, are respectively connected with a photoelectric commutator; Remain four root receiving fibers and be arranged in X-axis both sides respectively, the positive and negative semiaxis of X-axis respectively has two optical fiber to be coupled as a road to be respectively connected with a photoelectric commutator; Finally define A
1, A
2, B
1, B
2four road signals; X-axis optical fiber and Y-axis optical fiber form cross perpendicular array, and X-axis signal intensity is the twice of Y-axis signal intensity, distinguish two axis of reference by the signal intensity of two axles.
Ratio proccessing receive optical fiber, be according to from axle center launching fiber apart from different differentiation, ratio proccessing receive optical fiber have two-way, every road has six roots of sensation optical fiber arrangement in same radius size circumferentially.
19 close fiber optic arrangement in fibre bundle described in the utility model, form two dimension etc. hexagonal array.
Described LASER Light Source launches the infrared light of 820 nano wave lengths.
By traditional detection of reflected rate, this sensor, on steel ball surface defect detects, judges that defect exists to be embodied as and evaluates defect from depth of defect, flaw height and defect reflection rate multiparameter, realize the quantification of effects on surface defects detection.Depth of defect, flaw height reflect the change of displacement, and defect reflection rate reflects the change of surface roughness, and then steel ball surface defect is sorted out by binding deficient length, width and number of defects, judge to belong to which kind of defect and defect rank.
When steel ball surface exists dip plane, measurement can be affected, and cross quadrature receiving optical fiber can be utilized to export and calculate angle of inclination, measures equation be defined as in orthogonal both direction:
Can ensure the installation location of sensor probe according to these two angles, after sensor probe installation site is fixing, the change of angle value reflects the change of steel ball surface pattern, thus examinations;
When α and β angle is in the scope that error sets, device does not need to carry out any rectification;
When α and β angle exceeds the scope of error setting, the probe of device or steel ball position are adjusted, make it in the scope of error setting;
Roughness concentration, sensor measurement equation is defined as:
Q=Q
c+ Q
d, steel ball surface degree of roughness is different, and reflective light intensity is different, just can carry out roughness concentration through demarcating.
When detecting the change of single displacement or reflectivity, measure than being easier to, when these two parameters change simultaneously, the light intensity variation tendency that they cause can be superimposed, Overlay occurs uncertain, therefore the separation and Extraction of displacement and roughness must be realized, this utility model takes twin-beam comparative measurement method, ratio proccessing is done in output ratio proccessing being received fibre bundle, ratio be only with sensor probe end face to the relevant function of the distance h of tested steel ball surface, and with the size of light intensity, the factors such as steel ball surface roughness and fiber transmission attenuation have nothing to do, therefore this method is by the impact of the reflectivity that can disappear, thus the displacement information in extraction defect characteristic, accurately detect this compound defect, now sensor measurement equation is defined as:
Because H (h) is the ratio detecting light intensity signal, decrease the impact of disturbing factor, improve measuring accuracy.
H (h) is the ratio of opto-electronic conversion output voltage values, and ratio and change in displacement are corresponding relation, carries out displacement measurement through demarcating.
H (h) is only relevant with surface imperfection displacement information, effectively can detect the defect of change in displacement, and need not consider the impact of roughness.Can displacement measurement be carried out through demarcation, this method can also be applied to except steel ball surface displacement defects detection other have the occasion of change in displacement.Because H (h) is the ratio detecting light intensity signal, decrease the impact of disturbing factor, improve measuring accuracy.
Optical fiber sensing technology is applied in steel ball surface quality detection, achieves real-time process and the robotization Non-Destructive Testing of steel ball surface defect, and number of drawbacks can be measured simultaneously.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is detected the novel optical fiber sensor of steel ball surface defect, it is characterized in that: comprise sensor probe and photoelectric commutator, the fibre bundle of described sensor probe is made up of ring-shaped distributed 19 optical fiber, it comprises launching fiber and receives fibre bundle, described launching fiber and reception fibre bundle wait hexagonal array in two dimension, axle center is launching fiber, by axle center to outer ring be successively receive optical fiber, 6 root receiving fibers nearest with launching fiber are cross quadrature receiving optical fiber, and it is divided into four road A
1, A
2, B
1, B
2to be connected with a photoelectric commutator separately respectively, to obtain four road electric signal; Remaining 12 root receiving fibers is that ratio proccessing receives optical fiber, and the 6 ratio proccessing reception coupling fibers being arranged in same circumference are that a road is connected with a photoelectric commutator, and obtain two paths of signals C, D, sensor exports six road electric signal altogether.
2. the novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cross quadrature receiving optical fiber is wait hexagonal array, the diagonal line of an optional regular hexagon corresponding vertex is as Y-axis, build plane orthogonal coordinate system, the two piece optical fiber crossing with Y-axis, respectively as positive axis optical fiber and negative semiaxis optical fiber, are respectively connected with a photoelectric commutator; Remain four root receiving fibers and be arranged in X-axis both sides respectively, the positive and negative semiaxis of X-axis respectively has two optical fiber to be coupled as a road to be respectively connected with a photoelectric commutator, finally to define A
1, A
2, B
1, B
2four road electric signal; And X-axis optical fiber and Y-axis optical fiber form cross perpendicular array, X-axis signal intensity is the twice of Y-axis signal intensity.
3. the novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described sensor probe also comprises a LASER Light Source, and it launches the infrared light of 820 nano wave lengths.
4. the novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described launching fiber is multimode optical fiber with reception optical fiber.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420799741.6U CN204255880U (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2014-12-16 | A kind of novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420799741.6U CN204255880U (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2014-12-16 | A kind of novel optical fiber sensor detecting steel ball surface defect |
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| CN204255880U true CN204255880U (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104390987A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-04 | 济南大学 | Novel optical fiber sensor for detecting surface defects of steel balls and detection method |
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2014
- 2014-12-16 CN CN201420799741.6U patent/CN204255880U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104390987A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-04 | 济南大学 | Novel optical fiber sensor for detecting surface defects of steel balls and detection method |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150408 Termination date: 20171216 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |