CN204255400U - A kind of pavement behavior detector based on wireless sensor network - Google Patents
A kind of pavement behavior detector based on wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN204255400U CN204255400U CN201420663928.3U CN201420663928U CN204255400U CN 204255400 U CN204255400 U CN 204255400U CN 201420663928 U CN201420663928 U CN 201420663928U CN 204255400 U CN204255400 U CN 204255400U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of pavement behavior detector based on wireless sensor network, comprise control module, wireless transport module, vehicle Flow Detection module, visibility detection module, ponding and snowfall detection module, Temperature and Humidity module, wind speed measurement module, wind direction detection module, salinity measurement module, described wireless transport module, vehicle Flow Detection module, visibility detection module, ponding are connected with described control module respectively with snowfall detection module, Temperature and Humidity module, wind speed measurement module, wind direction detection module, salinity measurement module.The utility model pavement behavior detector has microminiaturization, low-power consumption, feature that cost is low, and stability is very high, in real time data can be passed through radio remote Distance Transmission to Surveillance center again simultaneously, allow supvr carry out corresponding preventive measure.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of pavement behavior detector based on wireless sensor network, belongs to wireless sensor network and meteorological fields of measurement.
Background technology
At present, highway in China construction develops rapidly, highway as one of main shipping channels, safe and efficient efficient means of transportation often pay close attention to by people.Because condition of road surface fails to understand that caused traffic hazard takes place frequently, provide the various information of pavement behavior to control of traffic and road person and driver in time, to make appropriate preventive measure so be badly in need of effective, the cheap pavement detection system of a kind of work.
Road surface weather monitoring is in the past function singleness or data transmission inconvenience often, and general employing RS232/RS485 serial communication, this way causes restriction to long-distance transmissions.Another way is that RS232/RS485 is changed into optical fiber, but optical-fibre communications has by landform and climate effect comparatively large, and the shortcoming such as construction cost is comparatively large, extendability is poor, plant maintenance is inconvenient.Will arrange weather station, road surface on a large scale also to need to consider purchase cost and operation cost to detect road conditions, therefore the instrument of efficient and cheap is often more favored by people.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: provide a kind of microminiaturization, low-power consumption, the pavement behavior detector based on wireless sensor network that cost is low.
The utility model is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
Based on a pavement behavior detector for wireless sensor network, comprise control module, data acquisition module and wireless transport module, described data acquisition module, wireless transport module are connected with described control module respectively; Described data acquisition module comprises with at least one in lower module: vehicle Flow Detection module, visibility detection module, ponding and snowfall detection module, Temperature and Humidity module, wind speed measurement module, wind direction detection module, salinity measurement module, and described vehicle Flow Detection module, visibility detection module, ponding are connected with described control module respectively with snowfall detection module, Temperature and Humidity module, wind speed measurement module, wind direction detection module, salinity measurement module.
Preferably, described wireless transport module is SIM900 wireless chip.
Preferably, described vehicle Flow Detection module is geomagnetic sensor.
Preferably, described visibility detection module is FD12P scatterometer.
Preferably, described ponding and snowfall detection module are T/R40-16 ultrasonic sensor.
Preferably, described Temperature and Humidity module is SHT10 sensor.
Preferably, described wind speed measurement module is CS3144 hall ic.
Preferably, described wind direction detection module is incremental optical-electricity encoder CHA3806.
Preferably, described salinity measurement module is dipulse testing circuit.
The utility model adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technique effect:
1, the utility model is based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, and can effectively measure vehicle flowrate, visibility, temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, salinity, precision all can reach meteorologic survey requirement, and stability is high.
2, the utility model is based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, by wireless transport module, data can be transferred to Surveillance center in real time accurately.
3, the utility model is based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, has the advantage of low-power consumption and low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the integrated stand composition of the utility model based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network.
Fig. 2 is the supply module schematic diagram be made up of solar panel and aerogenerator.
Fig. 3 is that geomagnetic sensor detects scheme of installation.
Fig. 4 is that FD12P measures visibility index path.
Fig. 5 is ponding and snowfall sensor testing process frame diagram.
Fig. 6 is the Temperature and Humidity circuit diagram be made up of SHT10.
Fig. 7 is the wind speed measuring circuit figure be made up of CS3144 hall ic.
Fig. 8 is the wind direction metering circuit figure be made up of booster-type photoelectric encoder CHA3806.
Fig. 9 is that the method for double pulse measurement detects salinity circuit diagram.
Figure 10 is data acquisition and transmission schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiment of the present utility model, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Being exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the utility model, and can not being interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, for the pavement behavior detector based on wireless sensor network, comprise supply module, control module, vehicle Flow Detection module, visibility detection module, ponding and snowfall detection module, Temperature and Humidity module, wind speed measurement module, wind direction detection module, salinity measurement module, wireless transport module, described visibility detection module, ponding are connected with control module respectively with snowfall detection module, Temperature and Humidity module, wind speed measurement module, wind direction detection module, salinity measurement module, wireless transport module, supply module.
The control module of the utility model pavement behavior detector employs STM32 chip, STM32F103RBT6 enhancement mode is have employed in this example, the 32 bit processor products of ST company based on the up-to-date Cortex-M3 core of ARM, the BRAM of Flash, 20K of built-in 128KB, the AD of 12,4 16 bit timing devices, clock frequency reaches as high as 72MHz.STM32F103RBT6 reaches 9 communication ports, comprises 2 I
2c interface, 3 USART communication interfaces, 2 SPI interfaces, 1 CAN interface, 1 USB interfaces at full speed.STM32F103XX Large Copacity enhancement mode series microprocessor can work in-40 degree in the temperature range of+105 degree, and operating voltage is 2.0V to 3.6V, has sleep, termination, standby three kinds of low-power consumption modes.
As shown in Figure 2, the supply module of the utility model pavement behavior detector have employed the mode of sun power and wind energy complementary generating to provide electric energy, and supply module is made up of aerogenerator, solar panel, savings battery and load.Current solar photovoltaic powered technology comparative maturity, have a wide range of applications in China each department, so this example have employed the scheme that solar panel is powered, the area of some power supply inconvenience can be made on the one hand to obtain sufficient power source, decrease carbon emission simultaneously.But solar panel is at night and overcast and rainyly cannot provide electric energy, and as run into continuous rainfall weather, then the electricity saving battery storage is often not enough.Therefore, adopt scene combine supply module come continuous and effective give whole detector electricity is provided.Photovoltaic generation part utilizes the photovoltaic effect of solar panel that luminous energy is converted to electric energy, then to storage charge in batteries.Wind power generation part utilizes wind energy conversion system to be mechanical energy by Wind resource change, by aerogenerator, mechanical energy is converted to electric energy, then by controller to storage charge in batteries, two electric power systems just in time can be got up well in complementation.Utilize the complementarity of wind energy, sun power, more stable and reliable output can be obtained.
As shown in Figure 3, the vehicle Flow Detection module of the utility model pavement behavior detector have employed geomagnetic sensor, and geomagnetic sensor determines whether vehicle mainly through the change and interference detecting magnetic field to be passed through.In diagram, geomagnetic sensor is made up of 2 inductors and 1 dash receiver, interval 4m between 2 inductors of installation geomagnetic sensor on a highway, employ ferronickel permeability alloys thin film resistor in geomagnetic sensor, the setting of the magnetization vector of this resistor is parallel with resistance longitudinal direction.When there being external magnetic field to be carried on sheet resistance, magnetization vector will the anglec of rotation, and changes resistance, thus changes output voltage.Utilize earth magnetism magnetoresistance, just can detect the change of terrestrial magnetic field.
As shown in Figure 4, the visibility detection module of the utility model pavement behavior detector have employed FD12P scatterometer, and scatterometer is because volume is little and cheap being more suitable for is applied in road monitoring.FD12P scatterometer is a kind of monochromatic light road forward scattering instrument, and forward scattering instrument is widely used in the visibility measurement field of aviation, navigation, highway, meteorological departments.The scattered light intensity from a little sampling volume measured by scatterometer, effectively calculates extinction coefficient by scattered light intensity.In illustrated optical structure chart, it is with 33 ° of measurement of dip angle scattered lights, and in various types of natural fog, this angle can produce stable response.FD12P adopts high-energy GaAs infrared LED as light source, stable and the monitoring light source by a closed loop circuit, receiver adopts sensitive PIN to detect scattered light, have employed lock-in techniques to reduce parasitic light impact to received signal simultaneously, periodically measure drift, the output of receiver is only directly proportional to scattered light intensity.Visibility is an important indicator when going on a journey, and affects the road speed of whole road, obtains the person that can make road management of visibility accurately and driver makes rational selection to road speed.
As shown in Figure 5, what the ponding of the utility model pavement behavior detector and snowfall detection module adopted is T/R40-16 ultrasonic sensor.Ultrasonic ranging has non-contact measurement, ultrasonic transducer is arranged on above liquid level or snow face, do not contact with measured medium, measurement convenience, strong adaptability, usable range are wide, not by the impact that Media density, specific inductive capacity, electric conductivity etc. are different, extremely strong to the adaptability of the physicochemical property of measured object.In figure, the PA4 port of STM32 provides the driving source of 40kHz pulse signal to launch ultrasound wave to encourage ultrasonic sensor to ultrasonic sensor.While sending pulse, start timer.Sound wave is propagated in media as well, reflection echo is reflected to form through liquid level or snow face, ultrasound wave receiving sensor receives reflection echo and is transformed electric signal, this electric signal amplification, programme-controlled gain, envelope detected, proportion differential and shaping circuit after filtering successively, interrupt request is sent to STM32, if PB4 port accepts is to request, then stopping timer, namely calculating the time of signal propagation in the hope of going out the height in liquid level or snow face.Repeated measurement like this ten times, gets its mean value, can obtain comparatively accurate level value or snowfall.Because sound wave is by the impact of temperature, so need to add that temperature compensation is to eliminate error at the PA5 port of STM32.When road having ponding or accumulated snow, this sensor accurately can measure numerical value, reminds driver to note road safety in time.
As shown in Figure 6, what the Temperature and Humidity module of the utility model pavement behavior detector adopted is SHT10 sensor, it is a height integrated digital formula Temperature Humidity Sensor containing calibrating digital signal output, volume is small, power consumption is extremely low, and this device has high reliability and remarkable long-time stability.The moisture measurement scope of SHT10 sensor is 0 ~ 100%RH, and humidity degree of accuracy is ± 4.5%RH (20 ~ 80%RH), and moisture measurement resolution is 0.03%RH.Temperature measurement range is-40 ~+123.8 DEG C, temperature measurement accuracy ± 0.5%, and temperature survey resolution is 0.01 DEG C.In figure, DATA, SCK of SHT10 sensor are connected with PA1, PA2 of STM32 respectively, and VDD meets-3.3V, one end of DATA also connecting resistance R1, another termination-3.3V of resistance R1 and one end of electric capacity C1, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C1, GND ground connection.
As shown in Figure 7, what the wind speed measurement module of the utility model pavement behavior detector adopted is CS3144 hall ic, it uses SIC (semiconductor integrated circuit) technology to manufacture magnetic-field-sensitive circuit, its input be magnetic induction intensity, output be digital voltage signal.In figure, the VCC of CS3144 meets-3.3V through resistance R2, one end and the ground of GND and resistance R3 are connected, another termination-3.3V of resistance R3, OUT connects 3 pin of LM393, and 2 pin of LM393 connect the variable resistor end of swept resistance R3,8 pin meet the PC3 of STM32 through resistance R4,1 pin meets the PC3 of STM32, and 4 foot meridian capacitor C2 meet the PC3 of STM32,4 pin also ground connection.Receive magnetic field intensity output digit signals by CS3144 and transform into pulse by LM393 again, be finally sent to the PC3 mouth of STM32, little magnet steel turns over a circle at every turn, a pulse will be exported receive to single-chip microcomputer, utilize STM32 to count, obtain the number of turns turned p.s., then convert current wind speed to.Utilize voltage comparator LM393 can also play the effect regulating Hall element sensitivity, the comparative voltage respective change of regulator potentiometer reverse input end, during comparative voltage step-down, the digital signal of input is very little also can export pulse, corresponding sensitivity uprises, on the contrary then sensitivity step-down.When wind speed is excessive, supvr just can remind driver will notice that road has strong wind, travels at a slow speed.
As shown in Figure 8, the wind direction detection module of the utility model pavement behavior detector have employed the measurement that incremental optical-electricity encoder CHA3806 carries out wind direction, and wherein, the VCC of CHA3806 meets-3.3V, G and V0 ground connection, and A meets the PC4 of STM32, and B meets the PC5 of STM32.Incremental optical-electricity encoder generally exports A, B, Z tri-road pulse signal, and Z signal is mainly used in synchronous or zeroing, and A, B signal contains the information such as sense of rotation, speed of rotation of measurand.Its mechanical realization is simple, and mechanical mean lifetime can more than several ten thousand hours, and antijamming capability is strong, and reliability is high, has the code-wheel of 600 resolution, and measurement range, at 0 ~ 360 °, meets and measures requirement.In figure, output A, B of photoelectric encoder receive PC4 and the PC5 port of STM32 to pulse, the some photoelectric encoder positions of fixing selection are towards north, often turn over a position, A sends a pulse and is received by the PC4 mouth of STM32, and now STM32 can differentiate that the B port that to be connected with PC5 mouth is now high level or low level.If B is high level, then now photoelectric encoder is for rotating forward, and counting adds 1; Otherwise photoelectric encoder reverses, counting subtracts 1, zero when counting equals 600, and the same angle being less than 0 then deducts from 599, and final count value is multiplied by 0.6, has so just calculated wind direction.In order to find out wind direction intuitively, according to wind direction representation, being positive north with 0 °, being a class every 22.5 °, show respectively different wind directions.
As shown in Figure 9, the salinity measurement module of the utility model pavement behavior detector have employed dipulse testing circuit, and the character of water is relevant with the number of salt content in solution, and the freezing point of salt solution depends on the concentration of salt solution.The detection of freezing point can sum up in the point that the detection of salinity, after salinity measurement completes, according to the salt angle value detected, can infer corresponding freezing point.In figure, S1 and S2 is two monolithic processor controlled analog switches, and when the output of single-chip microcomputer is high level, switch closes, circuit turn-on.Q2 rises and follows and shaping operation.Circuit working divides two steps: 1, S1 closes, and S2 disconnects, and power supply VCC is by the effect of Ql, and the magnitude of voltage of electrode 2 end is VCC/2.C
pbeing charged rapidly, there is a spike in pond electric current.If the duration of pulse is much smaller than the product of Rx and Cx, then the voltage Ec on Cx is very little, and linearly increases in time.2, S2 closes, and S1 disconnects, C
preverse charging is to new current potential rapidly again, and Cx starts electric discharge.In the moment of second end-of-pulsing, Cx discharges completely, and because the electric charge of accumulation on two impulse duration Cx is 0, therefore conductivity measurement transient voltage is 0, is equivalent to short circuit, C
pon voltage oneself is stable, do not have electric current to flow through, be equivalent to open circuit.So cell voltage all drops on Rx.At this moment the voltage on electrode 1 is
r1 and VCC is known, because the PC0 port of STM32 is connected with inner ADC, through over-sampling with after calculating, can obtain the conductivity of solution.Temperature measures impact very greatly to electrical conductivity of solution, and this impact of temperature can add temperature compensation in circuit and solve.
That the wireless transport module of the utility model pavement behavior detector adopts is SIM900.SIM900 is a novel radio module that SIMCom releases, and it belongs to four frequency GSM/GPRS modules.Adopt SMT encapsulation form completely, have employed powerful ARM926EJ-S chip processor simultaneously.SIM900 stable performance, outward appearance is small and exquisite, and cost performance is high, can meet the multiple demand of user.Data communication between SIM900 and STM32 is mainly by port RXD and UART2_TXD, and the data transmission between TXD and UART2_RXD has come.Wherein, the RXD mouth on SIM900 is the data transmitted for receiving STM32, and final data is sent by the antenna on SIM900, and TXD mouth is for sending data to STM32.
The course of work of the utility model pavement behavior detector is as follows: first collect various road surfaces weather data by each detection module of single-chip microcomputer STM32 institute carry, wireless transport module is sent to by after single-chip microcomputer STM32 process, data are sent to the Surveillance center of far-end by wireless transport module again, as shown in Figure 10, so that related personnel understands information of road surface situation timely, for ensureing that anticipation and preventive measure are made in safety trip.Pavement behavior detector of the present utility model has that modularization, low-power consumption, cost are low, stability high, can in real time effectively some situations of road pavement measure, there is again the function of remote wireless transmission simultaneously, be applicable to very much the detection of the meteorological condition on highway, therefore there is very strong practicality.
Above embodiment is only and technological thought of the present utility model is described; protection domain of the present utility model can not be limited with this; every technological thought according to the utility model proposes, any change that technical scheme basis is done, all falls within the utility model protection domain.
Claims (9)
1. based on a pavement behavior detector for wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: comprise control module, data acquisition module and wireless transport module, described data acquisition module, wireless transport module are connected with described control module respectively; Described data acquisition module comprises with at least one in lower module: vehicle Flow Detection module, visibility detection module, ponding and snowfall detection module, Temperature and Humidity module, wind speed measurement module, wind direction detection module, salinity measurement module, and described vehicle Flow Detection module, visibility detection module, ponding are connected with described control module respectively with snowfall detection module, Temperature and Humidity module, wind speed measurement module, wind direction detection module, salinity measurement module.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: described wireless transport module is SIM900 wireless chip.
3. as claimed in claim 1 based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: described vehicle Flow Detection module is geomagnetic sensor.
4. as claimed in claim 1 based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: described visibility detection module is FD12P scatterometer.
5. as claimed in claim 1 based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: described ponding and snowfall detection module are T/R40-16 ultrasonic sensor.
6. as claimed in claim 1 based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: described Temperature and Humidity module is SHT10 sensor.
7. as claimed in claim 1 based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: described wind speed measurement module is CS3144 hall ic.
8. as claimed in claim 1 based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: described wind direction detection module is incremental optical-electricity encoder CHA3806.
9. as claimed in claim 1 based on the pavement behavior detector of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that: described salinity measurement module is dipulse testing circuit.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106352949A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-01-25 | 安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司 | Capacitance type liquid level detecting system based on STM32 |
| CN107677595A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-09 | 北京百纳友为科技有限公司 | Frictional index detection means |
| CN110047274A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-07-23 | 赫拉胡克两合公司 | Method for detecting the state on runway surface |
-
2014
- 2014-11-10 CN CN201420663928.3U patent/CN204255400U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106352949A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-01-25 | 安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司 | Capacitance type liquid level detecting system based on STM32 |
| CN106352949B (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2023-06-30 | 安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司 | STM 32-based capacitive liquid level detection system |
| CN110047274A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-07-23 | 赫拉胡克两合公司 | Method for detecting the state on runway surface |
| CN107677595A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-09 | 北京百纳友为科技有限公司 | Frictional index detection means |
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