CN204243758U - Based on the double-tuned filter of controlled reactor - Google Patents
Based on the double-tuned filter of controlled reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN204243758U CN204243758U CN201420633739.1U CN201420633739U CN204243758U CN 204243758 U CN204243758 U CN 204243758U CN 201420633739 U CN201420633739 U CN 201420633739U CN 204243758 U CN204243758 U CN 204243758U
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
Based on the double-tuned filter of controlled reactor, belong to power system reactive power compensation and harmonic wave suppression device field, it is made up of the control circuit of electric capacity C1, controlled reactor L1, electric capacity C2 and reactor L2, double-tuned filter, controlled reactor; Parallel branch four part of electric capacity C1, controlled reactor L1, reactor L0, electric capacity C2 and reactor L2 is connected successively; Double-tuned filter is also connected in system side.The invention of this device changes the output reactance value of reactor by the direct-current control voltage changing controlled reactor, thus realize filter parameter and can change in real time according to the change of system parameters, make the filter moment keep resonance, remain good filter effect.Eliminate conventional passive filter because system frequency deviation, temperature drift, filter capacitor are aging and nonlinear-load changes the impact of the off resonance caused.It is idle that capacitor in this device invention simultaneously can compensate user, improves power factor.
Description
Technical field
Based on a double-tuned filter for controlled reactor, belong to power system reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression apparatus field.
Background technology
The commercial Application of passive filter (PF) is own through there being quite long history, its method for designing is simple, working stability is reliable, but its filter effect depends on the impedance operator of system, and be easily subject to the impact of the aging and nonlinear-load change of the harmonic pollution degree of electrical network, temperature drift, filter capacitor.In real work, the work frequency of electrical network has certain deviation usually, and capacitor owing to manufacturing, also there is relative deviation in the reason such as quality of fit in groups and variations in temperature, equally, reactor owing to manufacturing, also there is certain error in the reason such as the adjustment mode of inductance value, these reasons all can cause passive filter to occur " off resonance " phenomenon.
If the constant reactance device controlled reactor in passive filter is replaced, then can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and realize the controlled filter of a kind of resonance frequency.But because the capacity of electric power system median filter is often very large, make to adopt full Regulatable reactor to invest too large, also there is the difficulty on manufacturing simultaneously, so, if Regulatable reactor less for a capacity is contacted with existing constant reactance device and forms double tunning filter by mutually, the investment of filter will be reduced widely.Compared with traditional passive filter, it can regulate inductance value within the specific limits continuously, keeps filter to work near resonance point, eliminates the impact of the off resonances such as frequency deviation.And once system generation Harmonics amplification, it can change reactance fast by the quick control action of power electronic equipment again and reach and make system off resonance, thus suppress the generation of resonance.On the other hand, compare with the active filter based on current transformer with the full Regulatable reactor of employing, its structure relatively simply, easily realizes and cost is low.Therefore be widely used prospect.
Utility model content
The utility model object is, controlled reactor is applied to traditional passive filter, thus realizes the dynamic continuously adjustabe of filtering, improves traditional passive filter filtering effect.
Based on the double-tuned filter of controlled reactor, comprise the parallel branch that capacitor C2 and constant reactance device L2 forms, its parallel branch is in series with the series arm be made up of electric capacity C1, controlled reactor L1, constant reactance device L0, and the control end of controlled reactor is connected to controller.
The control circuit of described controlled reactor by voltage transformer pt, Current Transmit, band pass filter, phase comparison unit, PI (proportional integral) control unit form; Described voltage transformer pt is connected with phase comparison unit by band pass filter, then controls controlled reactor by PI (proportional integral) control unit; The same one end of the phase comparison unit be connected with above-mentioned band pass filter is connected with Current Transmit by another band pass filter, Current Transmit ground connection.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage of:
(1) because the utility model have employed the preset parameter reactor in controlled reactor replacement traditional passive filter, change the output reactance value of reactor by changing the direct-current control voltage of controlled reactor, thus realize filter parameter and can change in real time according to the change of system parameters.Make the filter moment keep resonance, remain good filter effect.
(2) in order to ensure real-time, general employing closed-loop control, pure resistance characteristic is presented when resonance according to tuned filter, namely identical with filter two ends same frequency harmonic voltage phase place by the electric current of the resonance frequency of filter, by DSP (digital signal processor) or single-chip microcomputer, regulate algorithm according to above-mentioned condition dynamic adjustments inductance value size in reactor adjustable extent with PI, make filter all the time at certain fixed frequency point resonance.
(3) traditional passive filter can be weakened to a great extent because frequency deviation, temperature drift, filter capacitor are aging and nonlinear-load changes the impact of the off resonance caused based on the double-tuned filter of controlled reactor.Can user be compensated with the capacitor in timer idle, improve power factor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 double-tuned filter circuit structure.
Fig. 2 double-tuned filter impedance frequency characteristic.
Fig. 3 parallel equivalent single tuned filter.
Fig. 4 adopts double-tuned filter and the control block diagram thereof of controlled reactor.
The fundamental diagram of Fig. 5 magnetic valve type controllable reactor.
The magnetization curve of Fig. 6 core material.
The schematic diagram of the single-phase Split Core Type Controllable Reactor of Fig. 7.
Fig. 8 filter branch 5 subharmonic voltage current and phase difference approximate procedure.
The filter effect curve of Fig. 9 double-tuned filter.Wherein, passage one is current waveform before filtering, and passage two is filtering after-current waveforms.
Embodiment
Concrete structure of the present utility model is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, it is contacted by electric capacity C1, controlled reactor L1, resistance R1 double-tuned filter circuit structure successively, then contact reactor L2 and resistance R2 contact after in parallel with resistance capacitance C2 again parallel branch---four parts are followed in series to form.
Resistance R1, R2 when computational analysis in inductance are negligible.It has two resonance frequencys, can the harmonic wave of simultaneously stability two near by frequencies, and its impedance frequency characteristic as shown in Figure 2.In fig. 2, transverse axis is frequency, and the longitudinal axis is the impedance of double-tuned filter, and its characteristic has minimum two characteristic frequency place impedances, the harmonic wave of this frequency can be made mainly to flow through filter, thus reduce this frequency harmonics of such as system.
When designing double-tuned filter parameter, it can be regarded as the equivalence of two single tuned filter parallel connections, as shown in Figure 3.Its each branch road is a single tuned filter, at resonance frequency place, and the impedance operator of two single tuned filters and the substantially identical of double-tuned filter.If namely two single tuned filters respectively resonance at frequency f 1 and f2, then the double-tuned filter calculated according to them also by resonance in these two frequencies.
Relative to single tuned filter, the benefit of double-tuned filter is, because have employed the structure of series connection in filter circuit configuration, thus can reduce the requirement to device withstand voltage level.
Fig. 4 is the double-tuned filter and the control block diagram thereof that adopt controlled reactor.See Fig. 4, based on the double-tuned filter of controlled reactor, it is made up of the control circuit of electric capacity C1, controlled reactor L1, reactor L0 (also can), electric capacity C2 and reactor L2, double-tuned filter, controlled reactor; Parallel branch four part of electric capacity C1, controlled reactor L1, reactor L0 (also can), electric capacity C2 and reactor L2 is connected successively; The control circuit of controlled reactor by voltage transformer pt, Current Transmit, band pass filter, phase comparison unit, PI (proportional integral) control unit form; Voltage transformer pt is connected with phase comparison unit by band pass filter, then controls controlled reactor by PI (proportional integral) control unit; The same one end of the phase comparison unit be connected with above-mentioned band pass filter is connected with Current Transmit by another band pass filter, Current Transmit ground connection.
Double-tuned filter is also connected in system side.
Adopt the double tunning filter of controlled reactor, utilize voltage, voltage, current signal that current transformer obtains filter branches.See Fig. 4, with 5, No. 7 double-tuned filters are example, by two identical analog or digitals of structure and parameter, 5 (or 7 times) band pass filters, extract 5 (or 7 times) harmonic voltages, current signals respectively from the voltage and current signal of system; Then utilize the phase place of phase comparison unit to 5 (or 7 times) harmonic components of 5 of the voltage that above-mentioned filter branch obtains (or 7 times) harmonic components and electric current to compare, and phase difference is sent into pi regulator; The output of pi regulator provides phase control voltage to the trigger board of controlled reactor, thus realizes closed-loop control.This control strategy control objectives is clear and definite, and the response time is less than 5 (or 7 times) harmonic wave one-periods.Fig. 8 is filter branch 5 subharmonic voltage current and phase difference approximate procedure.
Magnetic valve type controllable reactor design and Controller gain variations two aspects are mainly considered in design based on the double-tuned filter device of controlled reactor.
The design object of magnetic valve type controllable reactor according to system change, can change the size of inductance.The operation principle of a typical single-phase magnetic valve type controllable reactor as shown in Figure 5, this reactor comprises the winding of two mutually insulateds, the Working winding (two groups up and down in the winding of three, every side) of an Alternating Current Power Supply and a controlled winding of powering through rectifier bridge (one group, centre in the winding of three, every side).Two and half stem stems are wound with the Working winding that the number of turn is N/2 respectively symmetrically; This winding forms the reactor of filter circuit after being connected with constant reactance device, this reactor is contacted with capacitor and formed single tuned filter and access electrical network.And controlled winding is arranged on two and half stem stems equally respectively symmetrically, the rectifier bridge be made up of thyristor Tl ~ T4 is powered.When thyristor all not conducting time, controlled reactor is equivalent to no-load transformer, and capacity is very little; Along with the change of rectifier bridge pilot angle, in controlled winding, produce a certain size DC magnetic bias current.
The magnetization curve of core material is referring to Fig. 6.In figure 6, transverse axis is magnetic field intensity H, and the longitudinal axis is magnetic induction density B.The magnetization curve of core material is broadly divided into three parts, and the magnetic permeability of start-up portion is larger, and the linearity is very good, and usual reactor is in this operating state exactly; The second part is inelastic region, very narrow one section, and the magnetic permeability of this section is in continuous reduction, and magnetic valve type controllable reactor is operated in this section just, and this interval is very narrow; 3rd part is saturated section of core material, and curve is close to linearly, and magnetic permeability is substantially constant.
The triggering and conducting angle changing silicon controlled rectifier just can obtain different direct voltages, thus generates corresponding bias current.Thus by changing the magnetic saturation of iron core, correspondingly can change the reactance value of magnetic valve type Regulatable reactor, thus regulating the resonance frequency of filter smoothly.
Once system generation resonance; we can utilize protective device to pass through to change rapidly the pilot angle of thyristor; the trigger impulse such as blocking thyristor makes thyristor turn off in half period; controlled reactor is made to present the methods such as high-impedance state; destroy condition of resonance, reach the effect that harmonic carcellation amplifies.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of single-phase Split Core Type Controllable Reactor.A dimidiation unshakable in one's determination of reactor, two, below DC control winding is enclosed within half iron core column respectively, and the direct current flux produced is closed two and half iron core oneselfs.Alternate current operation winding in top is around in two iron core column of entirety, and the exchange flux produced is closed by two parallel connection half iron core column and another iron core column.Controlled winding is powered by a DC power supply Ek through resistance.By the magnetic saturation regulating the direct current Ik flow through in direct current winding just can change iron core, thus change the reactance value of reactor smoothly.
The feature of tunable filtering device is according to system change, regulates inductance size, makes inductance capacitance always at fixed frequency point resonance.No. 5,7 double-tuned filters are designed to for tunable optic filter, by resonance characteristic, if and only if filter is when 250Hz and 350Hz resonance, and 5,7 resistance values of filter branches are minimum and be purely resistive, and 5,7 subharmonic currents should be maximum due to the relation shunted with system; 5,7 order harmonic components of filter branch terminal voltage answer same-phase with 5,7 order harmonic components of the electric current flowing through filter.Below be both the sufficient and necessary condition that filter is in resonance condition.The control strategy of controller is exactly around this principle design.
The design of controller makes the phase difference of this fixed frequency components of the voltage signal of resonant frequency point and this fixed frequency components of current signal minimum for control objectives.Controller is made up of band pass filter, phase difference detection circuit, PI regulating circuit, thyristor gating circuit.Foregoing circuit both also can utilize digital circuit with analog circuit.
Theory analysis carries out to double-tuned filter known, if system parameters changes, then by means of only regulating the inductance value of controlled reactor cannot make filter again at two equal exact resonant of resonance frequency, so the control strategy set for double-tuned filter is as ensureing that it remains resonance in certain resonance frequency, and also can reduce the resonance frequency shift because Parameters variation causes to another resonance frequency.Which in actual applications, specifically carry out Closed loop track to wherein resonance frequency to control to carry out theory calculate and its experiment effect of observation.
During closed-loop control, can realize by passing ratio integration (PI) adjuster.The characteristic frequency voltage and current signal obtained after filtering is analyzed, drawing its phase difference, send into proportional and integral controller, is 0 to regulate for target with phase difference, obtain the direct-current control voltage of a controlled reactor as output valve, until this subharmonic voltage current and phase difference is 0.As shown in Figure 8, transverse axis is the time to its process, and the longitudinal axis is 5 voltage current phase difference, and unit is radian.Voltage current phase difference gradually becomes 0 under closed-loop adjustment.
In embodiment, band pass filter have employed Chebyshev mono-type second order active band pass filter, and get centre frequency 250Hz or 350Hz, pass band width is 20Hz.Owing to introducing band pass filter, will phase shift be produced, but owing to adopting identical filter to voltage, current signal, the phase shift that two filter produces is substantially identical, calculating phase difference is not made a difference.
Fig. 9 is the filter effect curve of double-tuned filter.Wherein, passage one is current waveform before filtering, and passage two is filtering after-current waveforms.The emulation and experimental result that adopt the double tunning filter of controlled reactor are shown, tunable filtering device according to the change of system, can regulate controllable electric inductance value in real time, ensures that filter works near resonance point, bucking-out system is idle simultaneously, improves power factor.
The result of Computer Simulation and laboratory installation Physical Experiment all proves that said method can accomplish the end in view.Above-mentioned method for designing can be generalized to three-tuned filter completely.
Claims (2)
1. the double-tuned filter based on controlled reactor, comprise the parallel branch that capacitor C2 and constant reactance device L2 forms, it is characterized in that: in its parallel branch, be in series with the series arm be made up of electric capacity C1, controlled reactor L1, constant reactance device L0, the control end of controlled reactor is connected to controller.
2. the double-tuned filter based on controlled reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the control circuit of controlled reactor by voltage transformer pt, Current Transmit, band pass filter, phase comparison unit, proportional plus integral control unit form; Voltage transformer pt is connected with phase comparison unit by band pass filter, then passing ratio integral control unit controls controlled reactor; The same one end of the phase comparison unit be connected with above-mentioned band pass filter is connected with Current Transmit by another band pass filter, Current Transmit ground connection.
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| CN201420633739.1U CN204243758U (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2014-10-29 | Based on the double-tuned filter of controlled reactor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110380431A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-25 | 上海良肯电气有限公司 | A kind of multifunction power tuning filtering system and method |
| CN113328438A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-31 | 申达电气集团有限公司 | Double-tuning harmonic wave treatment device |
-
2014
- 2014-10-29 CN CN201420633739.1U patent/CN204243758U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110380431A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-25 | 上海良肯电气有限公司 | A kind of multifunction power tuning filtering system and method |
| CN110380431B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-02-02 | 上海良肯电气有限公司 | Multifunctional electric tuning filtering system and method |
| CN113328438A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-31 | 申达电气集团有限公司 | Double-tuning harmonic wave treatment device |
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