CN204231000U - A kind of high speed power line carrier-specific intelligent power controller - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special intelligent power supply controller for high-speed power line carrier, which comprises an electromagnetic induction coil, a rectification filter voltage limiting protection circuit, a solar panel, a PWM charging circuit for the response coil, a transformer formed by the electromagnetic induction coil and a high-voltage wire, and an electromagnetic induction coil It is connected with the rectification filter voltage limiting protection circuit, the rectification filter voltage limiting protection circuit and the solar panel are respectively connected with the PWM charging circuit of the corresponding coil, the PWM charging circuit of the corresponding coil is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, the single-chip computer completes the voltage acquisition and PWM control, and the PWM charging circuit of the corresponding coil is also connected. Connect the battery, the battery is connected to the PWM load power supply, the microcontroller is also connected to the PWM load power supply, and the PWM load power supply is connected to the H-PLC load. Using the above technical solution, a kind of continuous power source is provided for the H-PLC device through the high-voltage electromagnetic induction coil and the solar cell in the absence of a 220V AC power supply. In the case of insufficient output power of the solar cell and the induction coil Next, the battery supplies power to the H-PLC equipment.

Description

A dedicated intelligent power supply controller for high-speed power line carrier

technical field

The utility model relates to the category of high-speed power line carrier communication, in particular to a special intelligent power supply controller for high-speed power line carrier, which is used for the power supply of H-PLC equipment, and is also suitable for the uninterruptible power supply of low-power intelligent equipment on other high-voltage lines supply.

Background technique

The H-PLC device works on the 35kV-10kV high and medium voltage line. In order to solve the power supply problem of the H-PLC device, there are currently two ways to provide power for the H-PLC device, namely, solar energy and high-voltage induction coils. However, if a separate Using the one-way method will be subject to the following constraints. The solar battery is used to charge the battery and supply power to the equipment at the same time under sunny conditions during the day. However, if the continuous rainy weather is encountered, the output power of the solar energy is insufficient to provide enough power for the load. Energy, and relying solely on solar cells requires relatively high-power panels, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of installation and power supply costs; and the use of high-voltage induction coils for power supply will also encounter the limitation of starting current, which requires 60A on a 10kV line The above current can start the power supply mode of the induction coil. To achieve the output power of 20W, it needs a current of more than 100A. Due to the characteristics of residential electricity consumption, it is difficult to obtain this in the 10kV tail section or branch line at night or during low power consumption periods. Therefore, the simple use of high-voltage induction coils cannot reliably ensure the power supply of H-PLC equipment.

The high-voltage induction coil converts the electromagnetic energy around the high-voltage transmission wire into electrical energy, and outputs it to the PWM charging circuit controlled by the single-chip microcomputer through the rectification filter circuit and the voltage limiting protection circuit to supply power for the battery or H-PLC load. The output power of the high-voltage induction coil is controlled by The current flowing through the high-voltage wire is affected by the size of the current. Only when the current is greater than 60A can the charging circuit work normally. A solar cell is a device that uses the photovoltaic effect to convert light energy into electrical energy, and its output current increases with the increase of light intensity. According to the output volt-ampere characteristic curve of the solar cell, the matching characteristics of the load determine the working characteristics of the system and the effective utilization rate of the solar cell. Due to their characteristics, they cannot ensure the power supply of H-PLC equipment well.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a continuous power source for the H-PLC device through a high-voltage electromagnetic induction coil and a solar battery in the absence of a 220V AC power supply.

A special intelligent power supply controller for high-speed power line carrier in the utility model includes an electromagnetic induction coil, a rectification filter voltage limiting protection circuit, a solar panel, and a PWM charging circuit for the response coil. The electromagnetic induction coil and the high-voltage wire form a transformer. The electromagnetic induction coil is connected to the rectification and filtering voltage limiting protection circuit, the rectification and filtering voltage limiting protection circuit and the solar panel are respectively connected to the corresponding coil PWM charging circuit, and the corresponding coil PWM charging circuit is connected to a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer completes voltage collection With PWM control, the coil PWM charging circuit is also connected to a storage battery, the storage battery is connected to a PWM load power supply, the single-chip microcomputer is also connected to a PWM load power supply, and the PWM load power supply is connected to an H-PLC load. PWM, or pulse width modulation, is a very effective technique for controlling analog circuits using the digital output of a microprocessor, and is widely used in many fields from measurement, communication to power control and conversion.

In the above solution, the single-chip microcomputer includes 8 pins, including 4 A/D sampling ports, 1 thermistor and 3 PWM control ports.

In the above solution, the rectification, filtering and voltage limiting protection circuit is a full-wave rectification bridge.

In the above scheme, the three PWM control ports are respectively PWM1, PWM2, and PWM3, the duty cycle of PWM1 is used to control the output voltage of PWM1, the duty cycle of PWM2 is used to control the output voltage of PWM2, and the duty cycle of PWM3 is used to control the output voltage of PWM2. Used to control the output voltage of PWM3.

The advantages and beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model provides a continuous power source for the H-PLC device through a high-voltage electromagnetic induction coil and a solar battery in the absence of a 220V AC power supply. The utility model uses the method of combining the solar cell board and the high-voltage electromagnetic induction coil to charge and store the storage battery, and the storage battery supplies power to the H-PLC equipment when the output power of the solar cell and the induction coil is insufficient. This new method can avoid the influence of continuous rainy weather when the solar battery is used alone for power supply, and can also avoid the problem that the induction coil cannot output enough power to charge the battery because the current of the 10kV line is too small. The combination of the two energy harvesting methods can shorten the power-off time of the power supply, and can fully charge the battery in a short time. Even in continuous rainy weather, it can ensure the normal power supply of the H-PLC equipment, and can ensure the maximum battery life. In the fully charged state, the H-PLC equipment can obtain a stable power supply.

The PWM charging circuit based on the intelligent control of the single-chip microcomputer can accurately judge the size of the load output current and the charging current, manage the charge and discharge according to the characteristics of the battery, and prolong the service life of the battery. The PWM port that distributes the high-voltage induction coil and the solar panel controls the output current of the corresponding PWM power supply to maximize the output power. By controlling the duty cycle of the PWM, the load impedance is constantly changed, so as to achieve the best match between the array and the load, realize the maximum output power of the solar cell, and charge the battery.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the utility model intelligent power controller;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the circuit of the intelligent power supply controller of the utility model.

In the figure: 1. Electromagnetic induction coil 2. Rectification filter voltage limiting protection circuit 3. Solar panel

4. Response coil PWM charging circuit 5. Single-chip microcomputer 6. Battery

7. PWM load power supply 8. H-PLC load

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the specific embodiment of the utility model is further described. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is a dedicated intelligent power supply controller for high-speed power line carrier, including electromagnetic induction coil 1, rectification filter voltage limiting protection circuit 2, solar panel 3, response coil PWM charging circuit 4, electromagnetic induction coil 1 forms a transformer with a high-voltage wire, and the electromagnetic induction coil 1 is connected to the rectification filter voltage limiting protection circuit 2, the rectification filter voltage limiting protection circuit 2, and the solar panel 3 are respectively connected to the corresponding coil PWM charging circuit 4, and the corresponding coil PWM charging circuit 4 is connected Single-chip microcomputer 5, single-chip microcomputer 5 completes the voltage acquisition and PWM control, the coil PWM charging circuit 4 is also connected to the battery 6, the battery 6 is connected to the PWM load power supply 7, the single-chip microcomputer 5 is also connected to the PWM load power supply 7, and the PWM load power supply 7 is connected to the H-PLC load 8 .

The rectification filter voltage limiting protection circuit is a full-wave rectifier bridge. The full-wave rectifier bridge can convert the 50Hz AC power of the induction coil into DC power. The function of the capacitor is to filter and make the output voltage waveform stable. D1 and R1 form a transient suppression circuit. When the induction coil suddenly outputs high voltage (a huge current will be generated when the high-voltage line is short-circuited or under heavy load, causing the induction coil to suddenly output high voltage), D1 is turned on, and the excess current is consumed through the R1 power resistor, so as to avoid excessive voltage from causing PWM module damage; the other two resistors form a voltage divider, and the microcontroller uses the internal reference voltage to compare the voltage collected by the voltage divider to determine the voltage value output by the induction coil, and then adjust the duty cycle of PWM1 to stabilize the output Voltage.

As shown in Figure 2, the microcontroller includes 8 pins, including 4 A/D sampling ports, 1 thermistor and 3 PWM control ports, where the diode is a D11N4757 voltage regulator diode; R1 is a power resistor;

a1: The A/D1 sampling port of the microcontroller samples the voltage of the induction coil;

a2: The A/D2 sampling port of the microcontroller samples the voltage of the solar cell;

a3: The A/D3 sampling port of the microcontroller samples the battery voltage;

a4: The A/D4 sampling port of the microcontroller samples the output voltage;

b1: The thermistor detects the temperature of the battery, and shuts down the system when the temperature is abnormal;

b2: The PWM control port of the microcontroller, which controls the duty cycle of the PWM 2 of the power supply;

b3: The PWM control port of the microcontroller, which controls the duty cycle of the PWM 1 of the power supply;

b4: The PWM control port of the microcontroller, which controls the duty cycle of the PWM 3 of the power supply.

The single-chip microcomputer is the core of the entire controller. The single-chip microcomputer is a very commonly used central processing unit at present, and the technology is very mature. Although the single-chip microcomputer is used, because the existing technology is very mature, the single-chip microcomputer only needs to be used routinely, and does not involve the innovation of the software part. The PWM1 output PWM signal of the microcontroller controls the charging current of the electromagnetic induction coil, and charges the battery when the high-voltage induction coil can provide sufficient power output; the PWM2 output PWM signal of the microcontroller controls the charging current of the solar battery, when the solar battery has sufficient output When the power is on, the battery is charged; the voltage limiting protection circuit is composed of a Zener diode and a power resistor. When the high-voltage induction coil has sufficient power output and the battery does not need to be charged, in order to avoid the high voltage output of the induction coil from causing harm to equipment and people, The Zener diode breaks down when it reaches the protection voltage, and the current is released through the power resistor, so that the voltage of the induction coil drops back to a safe value. Using a single-chip microcomputer to precisely control the charging and discharging of the battery, which conforms to the characteristics of the battery and prolongs the service life; uses a special program to control the PWM circuit for power management and improves efficiency; designs 9V-0.2A and 5V-0.5A dual-channel low ripple for the H-PLC chipset Regulated voltage output; ultra-small size, which can meet the internal installation size requirements of H-PLC equipment.

Its control method is:

1) Sample the voltage of the induction coil at the A/D1 sampling port of the microcontroller, and control the duty cycle of PWM1 under the premise that the output current is less than the charging current, so that the voltage of the induction coil is maintained at 43V. At this time, the output power of the induction coil maximize.

2) Sampling the voltage of the solar cell at the A/D2 sampling port of the microcontroller, and controlling the duty cycle of PWM2 under the premise that the output current is less than the charging demand current, so that the voltage value of the solar cell is maintained at 17.2V. At this time, the solar cell output power is maximized.

3) Sampling the battery voltage at the A/D3 sampling port of the microcontroller, and judging the required charging current (including the load output current) according to the voltage value at the battery terminal.

4) By sampling the output voltage at the A/D4 sampling port of the single-chip microcomputer, controlling the duty cycle of the load output PWM3, so that the PWM3 voltage outputs stable 9V and 5V voltages.

5) When the voltage at the battery terminal reaches 13.8V or more, control the duty cycle of PWM1 and PWM2 to keep the battery in a floating charge state. If the output power of the electromagnetic induction coil and solar energy is less than the load power, it will automatically convert to the battery charging the load. powered by. The battery is not charged again until the induction coil and solar energy have sufficient output power.

6) When the output load of the high-voltage induction coil decreases, the output voltage of the induction coil increases gradually. In order to avoid the high voltage output of the induction coil from causing harm to equipment and people, the Zener diode D1 is turned on, and the current is released through the power resistor R1, so that the induction coil The voltage of the coil is limited within the safe value.

7) The thermistor detects the temperature of the battery, and shuts down the system when the temperature is abnormal.

The duty cycle of PWM1 is mainly used to control the output voltage of PWM1. The change of this voltage is affected by the charging degree of the battery and the output of the load. The duty cycle of PWM1 should be adjusted according to the charging state of the battery, and the output of the induction coil should also be considered. Depending on the voltage, the high duty cycle of the output voltage of the induction coil will become larger, and the low duty cycle of the output voltage of the induction coil will become smaller. The duty cycle of PWM2 is also adjusted according to the output voltage of the solar cell. The difference is that the solar cell is a high internal resistance power source. In order to maximize the output power of the solar cell, the output voltage of the solar cell needs to be maintained at 17.2V. maximum efficiency can be achieved. The duty cycle of PWM3 depends on the power of loads such as PLC equipment, and the function of PWM3 is to stabilize the output voltage at +9V and +5V.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the Within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. a high speed power line carrier-specific intelligent power controller, it is characterized in that, comprise electromagnetic induction coil, rectifying and wave-filtering pressure limited protection circuit, solar panel, answer coil PWM charging circuit, described electromagnetic induction coil and high-voltage conducting wires form transformer, described electromagnetic induction coil is connected with rectifying and wave-filtering pressure limited protection circuit, described rectifying and wave-filtering pressure limited protection circuit, solar panel is connected with answering coil PWM charging circuit respectively, described coil PWM charging circuit of answering connects single-chip microcomputer, described single-chip microcomputer completes voltage acquisition and PWM controls, described coil PWM charging circuit of answering also connects storage battery, described storage battery connects PWM load power source, described single-chip microcomputer also connects PWM load power source, described PWM load power source connects H-PLC load.

2. a kind of high speed power line carrier-specific intelligent power controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described single-chip microcomputer comprises 8 pins, comprising 4 A/D sample port, 1 thermistor and 3 PWM control ports.

3. a kind of high speed power line carrier-specific intelligent power controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rectifying and wave-filtering pressure limited protection circuit is full-wave rectification bridge.

4. a kind of high speed power line carrier-specific intelligent power controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, 3 described PWM control ports are respectively PWM1, PWM2, PWM3, the duty ratio of PWM1 is for the output voltage of control PWM1, the duty ratio of PWM2 is for the output voltage of control PWM2, and the duty ratio of PWM3 is for the output voltage of control PWM3.