CN204228953U - A kind of measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point - Google Patents

A kind of measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point Download PDF

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CN204228953U
CN204228953U CN201420796204.6U CN201420796204U CN204228953U CN 204228953 U CN204228953 U CN 204228953U CN 201420796204 U CN201420796204 U CN 201420796204U CN 204228953 U CN204228953 U CN 204228953U
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point
wave
measuring system
measured point
signal
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舒宣武
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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF SCUT
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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF SCUT
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point, it is characterized in that: comprise n sender unit and N number of signal receiving device, n described sender unit is arranged on a space n fixed point, for emitting radio waves and ultrasound wave; Described N number of signal receiving device is arranged on N number of measured point, the electric wave launched for Received signal strength emitter and ultrasound wave; Wherein n ∈ N +, N ∈ N +.Measuring system of the present utility model, utilizes ultrasound wave and electric wave in the distance of the different feature measurement point-to-point transmission of the transmission speed in space, and then determines the position of measured point in space.

Description

A kind of measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point
Technical field
The utility model relates to structural safety monitoring field, particularly a kind of measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point.
Background technology
The real-time displacement monitoring of building structure is one of important content of structural safety monitoring.A such as skyscraper, if the horizontal shift that can record along highly some points, goes out the stress of structure with regard to deducibility, and then judges structure whether safety.For another example longspan structure, if the vertical displacement that can record some points, also deducibility goes out the stress of structure, and judges structure whether safety.
Measure the displacement of structure point, the distance of this point and certain fixed point can be measured.If find range from there occurs change, just mean that this point there occurs displacement.Like this, just measurement displacement structure problem is converted into measuring distance problem.
The method measuring distance between two points has a lot, as radar range finding, ultrasonic ranging, laser ranging etc.These distance-finding methods are all find range the time difference utilizing transmitted wave (electromagnetic wave, sound wave, light wave) to arrive reflection wave arrival transmitting place of testee.The advantage of these distance-finding methods is that measured point does not need to place any device, and transmitter-receiver device is all arranged on same position; Its shortcoming is when having barrier between testee and distance measuring equipment, and measured distance is the distance between barrier and distance measuring equipment but not the distance between testee and distance measuring equipment.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that the shortcoming overcoming prior art is with not enough, there is provided a kind of measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point, it utilizes ultrasound wave and electric wave (radiowave or wired electric wave) in the distance of the different feature measurement point-to-point transmission of the transmission speed in space.
The purpose of this utility model is realized by following technical scheme:
Determine a measuring system for locus, buildings monitoring point, comprise n sender unit and N number of signal receiving device, n described sender unit is arranged on a space n fixed point, for emitting radio waves and ultrasound wave; Described N number of signal receiving device is arranged on N number of measured point, the electric wave launched for Received signal strength emitter and ultrasound wave; Wherein n ∈ N +, N ∈ N +.
The quantity n of described sender unit, is arranged according to the motion conditions of measured point:
(1) measured point rectilinear motion: n >=1;
(2) measured point plane motion: n >=2 and simultaneously can not have three points on the same line;
(3) measured point spatial movement: n >=3 and simultaneously can not have four points at grade.
The quantity of flexible signalization emitter according to the motion conditions of measured point, first ensure that the precision of measurement, secondly on the basis ensureing measuring accuracy, reduces input cost as much as possible; To ask, measuring accuracy is higher, error is less, can be realized by the quantity increasing sender unit.
Signal wave in described electric wave and ultrasound wave is sinusoidal signal ripple.
Described electric wave is radiowave or wired electric wave.
The electric wave that n described sender unit is launched and ultrasound wave are that the signal of same frequency divides n period to launch, or the signal of n different frequency is launched simultaneously or asynchronously.
Determine a measuring method for locus, buildings monitoring point, comprise the step of following order:
(1) the motion point position be limited on a certain straight line in measured point is determined:
If move in measured point in x-axis: n position i signalization emitter S in x-axis i, wherein i=1,2 ..., n; N>=1; At N number of measured point m signalization receiving trap R m, m=1,2 ..., N; N>=1; Distance D between each signal launching site i and measured point m im, the elements of a fix x of measured point m mwith the elements of a fix x of launching site i ithere is following relation:
|x m-x i|＝D imi＝1,2,n；
x m＝x i±D imi＝1,2,n；
If n=1, then x mthere are two solutions, determined some I mto attach most importance to solution; Can determine that one is correctly separated according to the layout actual conditions of measured point;
If n>1, the minimal value of following formula can be asked to determine x m:
Δ ( x m ) = Σ i = 1 n [ ( x m - x i ) 2 - D im 2 ] 2 ;
(2) the motion point position be limited on a certain plane in measured point is determined:
If measured point is in xy plane motion: at an xy Plane n position i signalization emitter S i, wherein i=1,2 ..., n; N>=2; Requirement does not have three sender units point-blank; At N number of measured point m signalization receiving trap R m, wherein m=1,2 ..., N; N>=1; Distance D between each signal launching site i and measured point m im; The elements of a fix (the x of measured point m m, y m) with the elements of a fix (x of launching site i i, y i) there is following relation:
( x m - x i ) 2 + ( y m - y i ) 2 = D im 2 , i = 1,2 , n ;
If n=2, then (x can be solved m, y m); But owing to being quadratic equation, its solution has heavily separates, be namely non trivial solution, determined some I with two points of two measuring point line symmetries mto attach most importance to solution; Can determine that one is correctly separated according to the layout actual conditions of measured point;
If n>2, the minimal value of following formula can be asked to determine (x m, y m):
Δ ( x m , y m ) = Σ i = 1 n [ ( x m - x i ) 2 + ( y m - y i ) 2 - D im 2 ] 2 ;
(3) measured point is determined at the point position of three-dimensional space motion:
If measured point is at three-dimensional space motion: at three dimensions n position i signalization emitter S i, wherein i=1,2 ..., n; N>=3; Requirement does not have four emitters at grade; At N number of measured point m, N number of signal receiving device R is set m, wherein m=1,2 ..., N; N>=1; Distance D between each signal launching site i and measuring point m im; The elements of a fix (the x of measuring point m m, y m, z m) with the elements of a fix (x of launching site i i, y i, z i) there is following relation:
( x m - x i ) 2 + ( y m - y i ) 2 + ( z m - z i ) 2 = D im 2 , i = 1,2 , n ;
If n=3, then (x can be solved m, y m, z m), but owing to being quadratic equation, its solution has heavily separates, and is namely non trivial solution, determined some I with two points of the determined plane symmetry of three measuring points mto attach most importance to solution; Can determine that one is correctly separated according to the layout actual conditions of measured point;
If n>3, the minimal value of following formula can be asked to determine (x m, y m, z m):
Δ ( x m , y m , z m ) = Σ i = 1 n [ ( x m - x i ) 2 + ( y m - y i ) 2 + ( z m - z i ) 2 - D im 2 ] 2 .
Principle of work of the present utility model is as follows:
As Fig. 1, place emitter at certain fixed point i, launch sinusoidal signal ripple with electric wave (radiowave or wired electric wave) and ultrasound wave simultaneously; Receiving trap is placed, the electric wave that receiving and transmitting unit sends and ultrasound wave at measured point m.Distance between emitter and receiving trap is D.
As Fig. 2, have a mistiming T between the electric wave signal 101 that receiving trap receives and the ultrasonic signal 102 that receiving trap receives, this mistiming is because of electric velocity of wave propagation V ewith hyperacoustic velocity of propagation V sdifference causes.Can obtain according to wave propagation theory:
T = D V s - D V e = D ( 1 V s - 1 V e )
And then can obtain:
D = T 1 V s - 1 V e
Because electric velocity of wave propagation is 300000000m/s, and the aerial velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave is 340m/s, and electric velocity of wave propagation is 882353 times of the aerial velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave, i.e. the time shared by radio wave propagation the time shared by the aerial propagation of ultrasound wave 882353 times, therefore the time can be ignored shared by radio wave propagation be similar to and think and then can D=V be obtained st.
Like this, as long as record the time delay T that ultrasound wave arrives measuring point, the distance D of ultrasonic signal launching site to acceptance point can just be obtained.
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect the utility model:
A, prior art utilize wave reflection to measure the distance of point-to-point transmission, if there is barrier between measured point and measuring point, measured distance is the distance between measuring point and barrier, and existing reflectometry technique lost efficacy.The utility model installs signal receiving device in measured point, and because electric wave and ultrasonic wave energy cut-through thing are propagated, therefore measurement effect is not by the impact of barrier.
B, prior art utilize wave reflection to measure the distance of point-to-point transmission, and energy loss is large.Receiving trap of the present utility model directly accepts transmitted wave, and capacity usage ratio is high, and its measurement efficiency, measuring accuracy, measuring distance all increase substantially than prior art.
C, can arrange that multiple launching site is to improve measuring accuracy simultaneously.
D, multiple receiving station can be arranged simultaneously, measure distance and the displacement of multiple point simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model electric wave and hyperacoustic emitter and receiving trap scheme of installation;
Fig. 2 is the electric wave that receives of the utility model receiving trap and ultrasonic signal mistiming schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is move the measuring system schematic diagram be limited on straight line in the utility model measured point;
Fig. 4 to be the utility model be measured point moves minimum launching site measuring system schematic diagram be limited on straight line;
Fig. 5 is move the measuring system schematic diagram be limited in the plane in the utility model measured point;
Fig. 6 is the utility model measured point movement limit minimum launching site measuring system schematic diagram in the plane;
Fig. 7 is the measuring system schematic diagram of the utility model measured point at three-dimensional space motion;
Fig. 8 is the minimum launching site measuring system schematic diagram of the utility model measured point at three-dimensional space motion.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present utility model is not limited thereto.
Determine a measuring system for locus, buildings monitoring point, comprise n sender unit and N number of signal receiving device, n described sender unit is arranged on a space n fixed point, for emitting radio waves and ultrasound wave; Described N number of signal receiving device is arranged on N number of measured point, the electric wave launched for Received signal strength emitter and ultrasound wave; Wherein n ∈ N +, N ∈ N +.
The quantity n of described sender unit, is arranged according to the motion conditions of measured point:
(1) measured point rectilinear motion: n >=1;
(2) measured point plane motion: n >=2 and simultaneously can not have three points on the same line;
(3) measured point spatial movement: n >=3 and simultaneously can not have four points at grade;
Described electric wave and ultrasound wave are sinusoidal signal ripple;
Described electric wave is radiowave or wired electric wave;
The electric wave that n described sender unit is launched and ultrasound wave are that the signal of same frequency divides n period to launch, or the signal of n different frequency is launched simultaneously or asynchronously.
As Fig. 1, place emitter at certain fixed point i, launch sinusoidal signal ripple with electric wave (radiowave or wired electric wave) and ultrasound wave simultaneously, place receiving trap at measured point m, the electric wave of receiving and transmitting unit and ultrasound wave.Distance between emitter and receiving trap is D.Utilize ultrasound wave and electric wave at the distance D of the different feature measurement point-to-point transmission of the transmission speed in space.
Below by specific embodiment, the utility model is described in detail:
Embodiment one
The measured point motion point position be limited on a certain straight line is determined
As Fig. 3, if move in measured point in x-axis.N emitter S is placed in positions different in x-axis i, i=1,2 ..., n; N>=1.Receiving trap R is put at measured point m m, m=1,2 ..., N; N>=1.Measurement mechanism can be utilized to record distance D between each launching site i and measuring point m im.The elements of a fix x of measuring point m mwith the elements of a fix x of launching site i ithere is following relation:
|x m-x i|＝D imi＝1,2,n；
x m＝x i±D imi＝1,2,n；
If n=1 (Fig. 4), then x mthere are two solutions, determined some I mto attach most importance to solution.Can determine that one is correctly separated according to the layout actual conditions of measuring point.If n>1, the minimal value of following formula can be asked to determine x m:
Δ ( x m ) = Σ i = 1 n [ ( x m - x i ) 2 - D im 2 ] 2 .
Embodiment two
The measured point motion point position be limited on a certain plane is determined
As Fig. 5, if measured point is in xy plane motion.N emitter S is placed in the position different in xy plane i, i=1,2 ..., n; N>=2; Requirement does not have three emitters point-blank.Receiving trap R is placed at measured point m m, m=1,2 ..., N; N>=1.Measurement mechanism can be utilized to record distance D between each launching site i and measuring point m im.The elements of a fix (the x of measuring point m m, y m) with the elements of a fix (x of launching site i i, y i) there is following relation:
( x m - x i ) 2 + ( y m - y i ) 2 = D im 2 , i = 1,2 , n ;
If n=2 (Fig. 6), then can solve (x m, y m).But owing to being quadratic equation, its solution has heavily separates.Namely non trivial solution is, determined some I with two points of two measuring point line symmetries mto attach most importance to solution.Can determine that one is correctly separated according to the layout actual conditions of measuring point.If n>2, the minimal value of following formula can be asked to determine (x m, y m).
Δ ( x m , y m ) = Σ i = 1 n [ ( x m - x i ) 2 + ( y m - y i ) 2 - D im 2 ] 2 .
Embodiment three
Measured point is determined at the point position of three-dimensional space motion
As Fig. 7, if measured point is at three-dimensional space motion.N emitter S is placed in the position different at three dimensions i, i=1,2 ..., n; N>=3; Requirement does not have four emitters at grade.N number of receiving trap R is placed at measured point m m, m=1,2 ..., N; N>=1.Measurement mechanism can be utilized to record distance D between each launching site i and measuring point m im.The elements of a fix (the x of measuring point m m, y m, z m) with the elements of a fix (x of launching site i i, y i, z i) there is following relation:
( x m - x i ) 2 + ( y m - y i ) 2 + ( z m - z i ) 2 = D im 2 , i = 1,2 , n ;
If n=3 (Fig. 8), then can solve (x m, y m, z m).But owing to being quadratic equation, its solution has heavily separates.Namely non trivial solution is, determined some I with two points of the determined plane symmetry of three measuring points mto attach most importance to solution.Can determine that one is correctly separated according to the layout actual conditions of measuring point.If n>3, the minimal value of following formula can be asked to determine (x m, y m, z m).
Δ ( x m , y m , z m ) = Σ i = 1 n [ ( x m - x i ) 2 + ( y m - y i ) 2 + ( z m - z i ) 2 - D im 2 ] 2
Transmitting of n emitter in above-mentioned example, can be that the signal of same frequency divides n period to launch, also can be that the signal of n different frequency is launched simultaneously or asynchronously.
Above-described embodiment is the utility model preferably embodiment; but embodiment of the present utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present utility model and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. determine a measuring system for locus, buildings monitoring point, it is characterized in that: comprise n sender unit and N number of signal receiving device, n described sender unit is arranged on a space n fixed point, for emitting radio waves and ultrasound wave; Described N number of signal receiving device is arranged on N number of measured point, the electric wave launched for Received signal strength emitter and ultrasound wave; Wherein n ∈ N +, N ∈ N +.
2. the measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quantity n of described sender unit, arranges according to the motion conditions of measured point:
(1) measured point rectilinear motion: n >=1;
(2) measured point plane motion: n >=2 and simultaneously can not have three points on the same line;
(3) measured point spatial movement: n >=3 and simultaneously can not have four points at grade.
3. the measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the signal wave in described electric wave and ultrasound wave is sinusoidal signal ripple.
4. the measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electric wave is radiowave or wired electric wave.
5. the measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the electric wave that n described sender unit is launched and ultrasound wave are that the signal of same frequency divides n period to launch, or the signal of n different frequency is launched simultaneously or asynchronously.
CN201420796204.6U 2014-12-15 2014-12-15 A kind of measuring system determining locus, buildings monitoring point Active CN204228953U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104407344A (en) * 2014-12-15 2015-03-11 华南理工大学建筑设计研究院 Measurement system and method for determining space position of building monitoring point
KR20180114059A (en) * 2016-01-20 2018-10-17 제로키 인코포레이티드 Distance measurement and positioning system and method of using it

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104407344A (en) * 2014-12-15 2015-03-11 华南理工大学建筑设计研究院 Measurement system and method for determining space position of building monitoring point
CN104407344B (en) * 2014-12-15 2017-04-05 华南理工大学建筑设计研究院 A kind of measuring system and method for determining building monitoring point locus
KR20180114059A (en) * 2016-01-20 2018-10-17 제로키 인코포레이티드 Distance measurement and positioning system and method of using it
JP2019506604A (en) * 2016-01-20 2019-03-07 ゼロキー インコーポレイテッド Distance measurement and object positioning system and method of use thereof
KR102252251B1 (en) * 2016-01-20 2021-05-14 제로키 인코포레이티드 Distance measurement and positioning system and method using it

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