CN204205630U - Solar cell Intelligent charge control device - Google Patents
Solar cell Intelligent charge control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204205630U CN204205630U CN201420533343.XU CN201420533343U CN204205630U CN 204205630 U CN204205630 U CN 204205630U CN 201420533343 U CN201420533343 U CN 201420533343U CN 204205630 U CN204205630 U CN 204205630U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of charge controller devices, particularly a kind of solar cell Intelligent charge control device.Comprise solar battery array, anti-reverse charging diode, magnetic latching relay, DC/DC circuit, charging control circuit, lithium battery group, the unit compositions such as charge/discharge control circuit, voltage detecting circuit, temperature sensor, warning circuit and display.The control mode that the hardware and software that the utility model is control core with MSP430F133 microprocessor combines, DC/DC booster converter is adopted to boost to solar battery array output voltage, electricity is permitted to lithium battery group in the mode of constant voltage and current limiting, by the duty cycle of switching of Microprocessor S3C44B0X MOSFET pipe, control charging/discharging voltage.Detect lithium battery group temperature by digital temperature sensor, temperature-compensating is carried out to the charge threshold voltage of lithium battery group; Another object is after detecting that lithium battery group temperature exceedes normal working temperature, and microprocessor sends the charging and discharging path that lithium battery group is cut off in instruction in time, and sends alarm sound.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charge controller devices, particularly a kind of solar cell Intelligent charge control device.
Background technology
Along with the development of solar energy generation technology, solar cell is more and more wider in the application of every field.Oneself is waiting a lot of occasion to be widely used at present, although the solar cell as novel power supply has the advantage of permanence, spatter property and flexibility, but it also has instable shortcoming simultaneously, under the conditions such as this just makes round the clock, different weather, load normal power supply is affected, simultaneously when sunshine is not enough the energy storage of storage battery also exist can not work problem.Therefore in order to avoid the impact of operational environment, the effect of DC/DC transducer in solar power system is adopted just to seem particular importance.
Due to the unsteadiness of solar cell, also to resolve the energy storage problem of storage battery simultaneously, between single-unit solar array voltage 0.4---0.7v, if 20 solar cell series connection are obtained voltage range should between 8-14v, direct sunlight, solar cell after series connection will reach 14v, can to the lithium cell charging of 12V, but the cloudy day or illumination not enough when series connection after solar cell the highlyest can only reach about 8v, now can not charge to the lithium battery of 12v, therefore the present invention utilizes a booster circuit of DC-DC Technology design, when illumination deficiency time, solar cell can be made by booster circuit to continue lithium cell charging its boosting.
Existing very eurypalynous solar charging controller for electric consumption at present, but the problem that cannot use when most of solar charging controller for electric consumption exists insufficient light.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of by solar battery array, carried out the solar charging controller charged to lithium battery by DC/DC booster circuit and charging control circuit, the problem that cannot use when solving insufficient light, and carry out effectively supplementing and power supply of electric energy by external delivery point to different product.
Solar cell Intelligent charge control device is by solar battery array, anti-reverse charging diode, magnetic latching relay, DC/DC circuit, charging control circuit, lithium battery group, the unit compositions such as charge/discharge control circuit, voltage detecting circuit, temperature sensor, warning circuit and display.
The output voltage of solar battery array 1 is input to DC/DC circuit 5 through anti-reverse charging diode 3, charging control circuit 7 input is connected with the output of DC/DC circuit 5, the other end outputs to lithium battery group 8, charge/discharge control circuit 11 input is connected with the output of lithium battery group 8, and charge/discharge control circuit 11 output is connected with DC load.
Further, voltage detecting circuit 2 detects the output voltage of solar battery array 1, and signal is input to microprocessor 12; Voltage detecting circuit 6 detects DC/DC booster circuit output voltage, and signal is input to microprocessor 12; Voltage detecting circuit 10 detects lithium battery group 8 output voltage, and signal is input to microprocessor 12.
Further, temperature sensor 9 detects the working temperature of lithium battery group 8, and signal is input to microprocessor 12.
Further, microprocessor 12 is connected with display 13, relevant information is shown in real time, and microprocessor 10 is connected with warning circuit 14, relative alarm signal is given sound warning.
Further, microprocessor 12 delivery outlet controls the action open and close of magnetic latching relay 4.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: when solving due to insufficient light by adopting DC/DC booster circuit, and solar cell cannot carry out the problem of charging by accumulators; The control mode that the hardware and software that employing is control core with MSP430F133 microprocessor combines; make solar cell charge and discharge control performance more stable; not only increase the operating efficiency of solar cell; also protect used storage battery simultaneously; utilizing in green energy resource, there is certain social benefit and promotional value widely.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete case study on implementation, elaboration detailed is further done to the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: solar cell Intelligent charge control device system block diagram
Fig. 2: DC/DC converter circuit schematic diagram
Fig. 3: charge-discharge controller circuit schematic diagram
Fig. 4: temperature sensor testing circuit schematic diagram
Fig. 5: display circuit electric current principle figure
Fig. 6: magnetic latching relay control principle drawing
Fig. 7: software flow pattern
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is solar cell Intelligent charge control device system block diagram, and solar cell Intelligent charge control device is made up of element circuits such as solar battery array, anti-reverse charging diode, magnetic latching relay, DC/DC circuit, charging control circuit, lithium battery group, charge/discharge control circuit, voltage detecting circuit, temperature sensor, warning circuit and displays.
In solar battery array, solar battery cell is the minimum unit of opto-electronic conversion, and solar battery cell generally can not use as power supply separately.Multiple monomer is carried out series and parallel and then just become solar battery group in encapsulation, their power, generally from several watts to tens watts, over one hundred watt, is can separately as the minimum unit that power supply uses.Solar battery group fits together and just constitutes solar battery array after series and parallel.Solar battery array is the input of solar cell Intelligent charge control device, for whole system provides required electric energy.
Anti-reverse charging diode is blocking diode again, it is connected in solar battery array output circuit and DC/DC circuit loop, its Main Function is when avoiding solar battery array output voltage polarity and DC/DC circuit input end reverse polarity connection, causing the damage to DC/DC circuit, is exactly play an one-way conduction effect in simple terms.
When cloudy day or illumination not enough series connection after solar cell output voltage reduce, this magnitude of voltage can not charge to lithium battery, therefore need to adopt DC/DC booster circuit, when illumination deficiency time, solar cell can be made by booster circuit to continue charge in batteries its boosting.
Lithium battery group is when there being illumination at solar battery array, by solar cell, light energy conversion is become electric energy, the electric energy part discharged is transmitted directly to load, a part is stored in batteries, and this part energy can flow to load at any time when solar cell does not discharge.The present invention adopts lithium battery applications in rechargeable solar battery device, because lithium battery has the following advantages: energy comparison is high, has high storage power density, is
lead-acid batteryabout 6-7 doubly; Long service life, useful life can reach more than 6 years; Rated voltage high (monomer operating voltage is 3.7V or 3.2V), is convenient to composition battery supply group; Possesses high power endurance; Self-discharge rate is very low, and this is one of the most outstanding superiority of this battery, generally can accomplish below 1%/moon at present; Lightweight, under same volume, weight is about the 1/6-1/5 of plumbic acid product; High/low temperature strong adaptability, can at-20 DEG C--use under the environment of 60 DEG C; Environmental protection, no matter produce, use and scrap, not containing, do not produce poisonous and harmful heavy metallic element and the materials such as any lead, mercury, cadmium yet.The present invention adopts 4 joint square 3.7v lithium batteries (model 523450).
Fig. 2 is DC/DC converter circuit theory diagram, the kind of DC/DC converter is very many, but their operation principle is all roughly the same, be all utilize control circuit to produce to carry out according to error signal conducting and the cut-off that the switching signal district of modulating controls power switch pipe, realize voltage stabilizing in the storage power utilizing inductance, electric capacity and diode and the effect that releases energy.That this aspect adopts is a kind of typical boost type integrated switch power adjuster Lm2577, Lm2577 is the one typical boost type integrated switch power adjuster that NS company produces, and is widely used in the power circuit of many electronic products.It has, and outward element is few, input DC power voltage range is wide; there are fixed frequency 52KHZ oscillator, current feedback working method in inside, have soft start, current limit, under-voltage locking and heat close the functions such as protection, can be connected into the switching power circuit of simple boosting, isolation and multi-output voltages.
Lm2577 mono-has five pins, and PIN1 is coupled end; PIN2 is feedback end; PIN3 is ground; PIN4 is output switching terminal; PIN5 is power input.
The external R1/C2 of PIN1 is compensating network, and effect makes the weighed work of inner feedback loop, and its value depends primarily on the voltage gain of adjuster to best compensation effect.Building-out capacitor C2 is also a part for soft starting circuit, when power supply is connected.The duty cycle of switching of transistor rises with certain speed, if C2 just controls the ramp rate of duty cycle of switching when electricity is deeply just connected of transistor. there is no electric capacity C2, the duty cycle of switching that then crystal is general reaches 90% instantaneously when electric image is just connected, very big current will be drawn in from input, for ensureing that electricity sends soft start work, C2 advises large 0.22 μ.
The external feedback sample resistance of PIN2 R2 and R3, their resistance can determine the magnitude of voltage of DC output end.
Output voltage VO UT=1.23* (1+R2/R3)
Such as when output dc voltage is+12V, the resistance of R2 is 17.5k, R3 is 2K.
The external L of PIN4 and PIN5, L is energy storage inductor, and when chip internal transistor is with 52KHZ switch, when chip internal transistor, energy storage is in inductance, when chip internal transistor cutoff, the energy in inductance L is released through diode and is stored energy in electric capacity C3.
Lm2577 is when overcurrent, and inner overcurrent resistance feedback signal closes switch transistor, realizes the protection to circuit.When temperature is too high, device inside temperature-sensitive element feedback signal shutdown switch transistor, realizes the overheat protector to circuit.When input voltage is too low, corresponding testing circuit disable switch transistor turns.
Can see in fig. 2 and adopt Lm2577 boost type integrated switch power adjuster; whole circuit outward element is few, input DC power voltage range is wide; there are fixed frequency 52KHZ oscillator, current feedback working method in inside, have soft start, current limit, under-voltage locking and heat close the functions such as protection; developed by difference, the switching power circuit of simple boosting, isolation and multi-output voltages can be connected into.
Fig. 3 is charge-discharge controller circuit schematic diagram, and charging-discharging controller mainly plays the effect of protection to lithium battery.The main cause affecting lithium battery useful life is exactly discharge and recharge number of times and depth of discharge, want the life-span extending lithium battery, the electric discharge that charging that lithium battery can not be undue can not be undue must be ensured, and charging-discharging controller just just in time plays such effect, it can stop over-charge of lithium battery electricity and overdischarge automatically, so charging-discharging controller is the important component part of solar power system.
The control mode that the hardware and software that the present invention is control core with MSP430F133 microprocessor combines, use two resistance Ra and Rb being connected in parallel on solar battery array two ends, sample to solar battery array in dividing potential drop mode, the voltage after sampling is input to the P6.0 mouth of MSP430F133 microprocessor; Use two resistance Rc and Rd being connected in parallel on DC/DC booster circuit output, sample to DC/DC booster circuit output voltage in dividing potential drop mode, the voltage after sampling is input to the P6.1 mouth of MSP430F133 microprocessor; Use two resistance Re and Rf being connected in parallel on lithium battery group two ends, sample to lithium battery group both end voltage in dividing potential drop mode, the voltage after sampling is input to the P6.2 mouth of MSP430F133 microprocessor; In lithium battery group, temperature sensor is installed, collects the P6.3 mouth that lithium battery group temperature signal is input to MSP430F133 microprocessor.
Signal after microprocessor calculation process outputs to optocoupler G1 from P4.1 mouth, control MOSEFT pipe Q1, and the mode of control MOSEFT pipe conducting is pulse width modulation (PWM), modulates the duty cycle of switching of MOSEFT pipe Q1 according to the parameter of programming.
When the signal after microprocessor calculation process is low level from P4.0 mouth output signal K1, the electric current of the light-emitting diode of optocoupler G1 inside is approximately between inner efferent duct two pin of zero, G1 and presents maximum resistance, and electric current cannot pass through.When the signal after microprocessor calculation process is high level from P4.0 mouth output signal K1, the LEDs ON of optocoupler G1 inside is luminous, resistance decreasing between inner efferent duct two pin of G1, now from the voltage of VCC input, hold with flowing to through resistance R2 and optocoupler G1, MOSEFT pipe Q1 controls pole tension Ug and is close to zero, the Q1 conducting when the Vgs of MOSEFT pipe Q1 reaches certain value.
Follow procedure designs, and when detecting that lithium battery voltage is lower than 12V, charge mode is for all to fill, and now Q1 is in fully conducting state, and it exports pulse duty factor is maximum; When detecting that lithium battery is pressed in 12V---14V scope, charge mode is floating charge, and now its output pulse duty factor of Q1 diminishes, when detecting that lithium battery is pressed in 14.8V---15V scope, now Q1 closes and is in by state, stops charging to lithium battery group.
Signal after microprocessor calculation process outputs to drive circuit of magnetic latching relay from P4.0 mouth, performs switch motion by drive circuit of magnetic latching relay output drive signal to magnetic latching relay J1.Be connected in parallel on two resistance Ra and Rb at solar battery array two ends, in dividing potential drop mode, solar battery array is sampled, after illumination extreme difference or darkness, if solar battery array output voltage is lower than after 3.5V, microprocessor P4.0 mouth will send instruction and make drive circuit of magnetic latching relay output drive signal to magnetic latching relay J1, its shutoff solar battery array is made to output to the path of DC/DC boost converter, DC/DC boost converter control chip Lm2577 will quit work, the available protecting safety of DC/DC boost converter control chip Lm2577.
Signal after microprocessor calculation process outputs to optocoupler G2 from P4.1 mouth; the Q2 conducting of control MOSEFT pipe and closedown; when lithium battery voltage being detected lower than 10.8V; MOSEFT pipe Q2 will close; cut off the discharge path of lithium battery group to DC load, protection lithium battery group voltage can not deep discharge and affect its life-span.
Fig. 4 is temperature sensor testing circuit schematic diagram, and digital temperature sensor DS18820 is arranged in lithium battery group, and an object detects lithium battery group temperature, carries out temperature-compensating to the charge threshold voltage of lithium battery group; Another object is after detecting that lithium battery group temperature exceedes normal working temperature, and microprocessor sends the charging and discharging path that lithium battery group is cut off in instruction in time, and sends alarm sound.Digital temperature sensor DS18820 can be got in the drawings and export the P6.3 mouth being sent to MSP430F133 microprocessor.
That temperature sensor adopts is the digital temperature sensor DS1820 of American Dallas semiconductor company, and it is the temperature sensor of first support in the world " one-wire bus " interface.It has zero stand-by power consumption, and temperature-measuring range is-55 DEG C+125 DEG C, increases progressively with 0.5 DEG C, and it is without the need to external devices, and it is extremely convenient, reliable and stable to use.It has 3 pin GND to be earth connection, DQ is data input/output interface, be connected with microprocessor P6.3 mouth by pull-up resistor R100, VDD is power supply, power range DC3.0V---5.5V, temperature sensor DS1820 is responsible for gathering lithium battery group temperature and being converted to digital signal directly sending microprocessor to process, without the need to carrying out A/D conversion more in the drawings.
MSP430F147
Fig. 5 is liquid crystal display microprocessor catenation principle block diagram, what the present invention adopted is HJ12864M-1 graphic dot matrix liquid crystal display, display resolution is 128X64, built-in Chinese word library, the character of the Chinese character of 8192 16X16 dot matrix and 128 16X8 dot matrix is provided altogether. it can provide three kinds of transmission modes, is 8 parallel-by-bit patterns, 4 well row modes and serial mode respectively.The data port DB0-DB7 of LCDs is connected with the P1.0-P1.7 mouth of microprocessor in the drawings, and the E pin of LCDs is enable signal pin; R/W pin is Read-write Catrol pin; RS is control pin, shows data as RS=H, accepts control command as RS=L; RET pin is resetting pin, resets when low level, and above-mentioned pin is connected with P3.0-P3.3 mouth of microprocessor respectively.For showing solar array voltage, DC/DC booster circuit output voltage, lithium battery group charging voltage and discharge voltage and temperature.
Fig. 6 is magnetic latching relay control circuit schematic diagram, magnetic latching relay is as the one of relay, also be a kind of automatic switch, circuit is risen and automatically connects and cutting action, difference is, the normally closed effect of often opening of magnetic latching relay is the effect relying on permanent-magnet steel completely, and the conversion of its on off state leans on the triggering of a certain amount of pulse electrical signal to complete, therefore, have power and energy saving, stable performance, volume little, than general electromagnetic relay superior performance.
The present invention adopts BL8023 bidirectional relay drive integrated circult, and for controlling the work of magnetic latching relay, it is large that it has output current, the feature that quiescent dissipation is little.Operating voltage is at 5-16V static angle stability <1OnA, and input height switching levels is at about 2V, compatible with various single-chip microcomputer, the working temperature scope of application :-40 DEG C one 80 DEG C.
Input A.B level triggers should add resistance R10, R11 to ground at input, keeps low level.Need relay work just can add high level at A end like this, otherwise add high level at B end, BL8023 bidirectional relay drive integrated circult pin function is as follows:
Input A. connects trigger impulse, also can connect level triggers.
(2) input B. and connect trigger impulse, also can connect level triggers.
(3) 2 pin, 6 pin are sky pin.
(4) line bag one end of QA contact relay is exported.
(5) the line bag other end of QB contact relay is inputted.
(6) Vdd adds relay working voltage anode.
(7) V ss adds relay working voltage negative terminal.
Can see that microprocessor P6.0 mouth receives in the drawings and export sampled signal from solar array, microprocessor P4.0 mouth exports 3 pin (input A) and 7 pin (input B) of sending into bidirectional relay drive integrated circult BL8023 through drive circuit and diode D10, D11, control the action of magnetic latching relay J1, open or close the voltage that solar array outputs to DC/DC converter.
The software program corresponding with hardware circuit of the present invention comprises: main program, timer interrupt routine, A/D conversion routine, external interrupt subprogram and Graphics Processing subprogram, Charge Management subprogram, load management subprogram.Fig. 7 is lithium battery group voltage detecting control software design flow chart,
Obviously; above-mentioned described embodiment is only part case study on implementation of the present invention; instead of whole case study on implementation; can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these case explanations; for those skilled in the art; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a solar cell Intelligent charge control device, it is characterized in that: solar cell Intelligent charge control device is by solar battery array, anti-reverse charging diode, magnetic latching relay, DC/DC circuit, charging control circuit, lithium battery group, the unit compositions such as charge/discharge control circuit, voltage detecting circuit, temperature sensor, warning circuit and display; The output voltage of solar battery array (1) is input to DC/DC circuit (5) through anti-reverse charging diode (3), charging control circuit (7) one end is connected with the output of DC/DC circuit (5), the other end outputs to lithium battery group (8), charge/discharge control circuit (11) input is connected with the output of lithium battery group (8), and charge/discharge control circuit (11) output is connected with DC load; Voltage detecting circuit (2) detects the output voltage of solar battery array (1), and signal is input to microprocessor (12); Voltage detecting circuit (6) detects DC/DC booster circuit output voltage, and signal is input to microprocessor (12); Voltage detecting circuit (10) detects lithium battery group (8) output voltage, and signal is input to microprocessor (12); Temperature sensor (9) detects the working temperature of lithium battery group (8), and signal is input to microprocessor (12); Microprocessor (12) is connected with display (13), relevant information is shown in real time, and microprocessor (10) is connected with warning circuit (14), relative alarm signal is given sound warning; The action that microprocessor (12) delivery outlet controls magnetic latching relay (4) opens and closes.
2. solar cell Intelligent charge control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the control mode that the hardware and software being control core with MSP430F133 microprocessor combines, use two resistance Ra and Rb being connected in parallel on solar battery array two ends, sample to solar battery array in dividing potential drop mode, the voltage after sampling is input to the P6.0 mouth of MSP430F133 microprocessor; Use two resistance Rc and Rd being connected in parallel on DC/DC booster circuit output, sample to DC/DC booster circuit output voltage in dividing potential drop mode, the voltage after sampling is input to the P6.1 mouth of MSP430F133 microprocessor; Use two resistance Re and Rf being connected in parallel on lithium battery group two ends, sample to lithium battery group both end voltage in dividing potential drop mode, the voltage after sampling is input to the P6.2 mouth of MSP430F133 microprocessor; In lithium battery group, temperature sensor is installed, collects the P6.3 mouth that lithium battery group temperature signal is input to MSP430F133 microprocessor.
3. solar cell Intelligent charge control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the signal after microprocessor calculation process outputs to optocoupler G1 from P4.1 mouth, control MOSEFT pipe Q1, the mode of control MOSEFT pipe conducting is pulse width modulation (PWM), modulates the duty cycle of switching of MOSEFT pipe Q1 according to the parameter of programming.
4. solar cell Intelligent charge control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the signal after microprocessor calculation process outputs to drive circuit of magnetic latching relay from microprocessor P4.0 mouth, perform switch motion by drive circuit of magnetic latching relay output drive signal to magnetic latching relay J1, output to the path of DC/DC boost converter in order to open or close solar battery array.
5. solar cell Intelligent charge control device according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: the signal after microprocessor calculation process outputs to optocoupler G2 from P4.1 mouth; the Q2 conducting of control MOSEFT pipe and closedown; when lithium battery voltage being detected lower than 10.8V; MOSEFT pipe Q2 will close; cut off the discharge path of lithium battery group to DC load, protection lithium battery group voltage can not deep discharge and affect its life-span.
6. solar cell Intelligent charge control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: digital temperature sensor DS18820 is arranged in lithium battery group that it exports the P6.3 mouth being sent to MSP430F133 microprocessor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420533343.XU CN204205630U (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | Solar cell Intelligent charge control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420533343.XU CN204205630U (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | Solar cell Intelligent charge control device |
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| CN204205630U true CN204205630U (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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| CN201420533343.XU Expired - Fee Related CN204205630U (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | Solar cell Intelligent charge control device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105292136A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Storage battery charging control system and device of storage battery electric engineering vehicle |
| CN108964235A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 深圳市朗驰欣创科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Intelligent Mobile Robot and its solar recharging module |
| CN110850616A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Display device |
-
2014
- 2014-09-17 CN CN201420533343.XU patent/CN204205630U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105292136A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Storage battery charging control system and device of storage battery electric engineering vehicle |
| CN108964235A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 深圳市朗驰欣创科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Intelligent Mobile Robot and its solar recharging module |
| CN110850616A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Display device |
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