CN204203370U - The electric fire risk device of a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit - Google Patents
The electric fire risk device of a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN204203370U CN204203370U CN201420396046.5U CN201420396046U CN204203370U CN 204203370 U CN204203370 U CN 204203370U CN 201420396046 U CN201420396046 U CN 201420396046U CN 204203370 U CN204203370 U CN 204203370U
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000803 paradoxical effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 7
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000027950 fever generation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the electric fire risk device of a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit, comprising: switch (1), direct supply (2), direct-flow current consumer (5), copper conductor (3), copper conductor (4).The utility model directly connects negative pole according to DC power anode or DC power anode connects negative discharge by electrical appliance, produces the principle of supramaximal current or electrical discharge arc and electric spark; DC circuit contact site melting trace and electrical discharge arc vestige can prove whether the DC circuit of fire location the fact of the two poles of the earth paradoxical discharge occurred effectively, for judging that direct current paradoxical discharge electrical fire provides objective science foundation; After electrical fire generation, between DC circuit of witnessing both positive and negative polarity, there is the evidence of the reason of fire of paradoxical discharge; Disclosing automobile etc. uses direct supply place to cause the principle of electrical fire fast, has filled up the domestic and international blank of the extraction of this type of Fire material evidence, qualification and judgment technology.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to electric fire technical field, particularly relates to the electric fire risk device of a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit.
Background technology
Prior art replaced the characteristic of galvanic fire risk by alternating current, and key factor is short circuit, overcurrent and electric leakage, does not have the principle and character of researching DC electricity initiation fire.During the fire that the utility model uses the place of direct supply to occur for automobile etc., develop so rapidly why, why not easily find effective electrical fire material evidence etc. to provide convictive theoretical foundation after breaking out of fire.The utility model, by research to galvanic fire risk, have found the quick initiation fire principle of direct current and material evidence feature, defines that scene of fire is investigated on the spot, material evidence extracts, qualification and the gordian technique of direct current initiation fire that judges.
When direct current is not directly contacted by electrical appliance conductor for the positive and negative electrode in power circuit, produce the electric discharge of super large super-large current instantaneously, both positive and negative polarity produces interattraction, bond together tightly soon, cause overheated rubescent trigger wire insulation course conflagration completely, and combustible initiation fire around quick igniting electric wire, the conductor of both positive and negative polarity contact site constantly melts and concentrates at together.
After direct current passes through electrical appliance for the positive and negative electrode in power circuit, during conductor contact, because there being load to exist, there will not be super-large current, only produce intermittent local pyrexia or electrical discharge arc in contact site, local pyrexia or electrical discharge arc can ignite electric wire insulation layer and surrounding combustible initiation fire, and the conductor of both positive and negative polarity contact site forms conventional arc-melting vestige, has certain similarity with common first short circuit.
The main cause of coming in contact property of DC power supply circuit both positive and negative polarity electric discharge has: cause wire insulation damaged because wire is moist, corrode or cause wire insulation breakage or mechanicalness to pull by heat ageing etc., the conductor of insulation course broken conductors and cathode conductor occur that contact is connected.
When direct current both positive and negative polarity does not connect electric discharge by load, can produce super-large current, occur overheated initiation fire completely, the external appearance characteristic of its material evidence is that larger high-temp alloying melts trace, and metallographic structure feature is the high temperature microstructure of band on a small quantity or not with pore.When direct current both positive and negative polarity connects electric discharge by load, there will not be super-large current, only produce intermittent local pyrexia or electrical discharge arc initiation fire in contact site, the external appearance characteristic of the melting trace of electrical discharge arc is that trace is melted in the fusing comparatively disperseed, and metallographic structure is the first short circuit tissue comprising the high temperature melting rapid crystallization of less pore of usual condition.Define the gordian technique that direct current scene of fire is investigated on the spot, material evidence extracts and material evidence is identified, judged.These of direct current fire are characterized as finds out that automobile etc. uses direct supply initiation fire to provide scientific basis.
The abnormal feature connecting electric discharge of direct current is: start to produce discontinuity contact arc, and arcing vestige, based on arc heat impact, forms larger clinkering and melts trace or dispersion melting trace at arcing place.Arcing serious to a certain extent after, 1. situation will not cause overheated rubescent completely by connecting completely of direct-flow current consumer between both positive and negative polarity, and ignite insulation course initiation fire.Trace evidence is clinkering formula melting trace, through concrete on fire, easily it is used as baked wheaten cake vestige and is left in the basket, need when scene of fire is investigated on the spot, this kind of electric heating electric arc melts trace to be needed to examine with baked wheaten cake vestige, and ability identification out, just can find the trace evidence of this kind of electric heating electric arc fire origin.It is scene of a fire high temperature melting trace that this effective trace evidence that some direct current draws electricity fire just may be mistaken as, and causes the reason of fire that finally cannot confirm fire.When 2. situation is connected by electrical appliance between both positive and negative polarity, because there being load to exist, there will not be super-large current, only intermittently produce local pyrexia or electrical discharge arc in contact site, local pyrexia or electrical discharge arc can ignite electric wire insulation layer and surrounding combustible initiation fire, and the conductor of both positive and negative polarity contact site forms comparatively dispersion and less arc-melting vestige.1. when situation of planting occurs, DC circuit produces extreme currents, and cause all fronts conductor temp .-elevating rubescent, quick igniting insulate into and waits combustible, and initiation fire is greatly dangerous.When the situation of 2. planting occurs, local pyrexia or electrical discharge arc can ignite electric wire insulation layer and surrounding combustible initiation fire, form the less melting trace of decentralized.As in the place such as automobile employing gasoline and easily wait burning liquid, the speed of fire is caused also to be more fast.No matter occur that circuit lines is overheated rubescent completely, initiation insulation course initiation fire, or direct-current discharge arc ignition flammable liquid fast or gas, the basic reason that the fire development speed such as automobile that Here it is are violent.
Utility model content
The object of the utility model embodiment is to provide a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit electric fire risk device, is intended to solve the prevention lacking direct current class electrical fire both at home and abroad, the crucial technical problem that cause of fire is investigated and analysed and material evidence extracts, identifies, judges.
The utility model embodiment is achieved in that the electric fire risk device of a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit, and the electric fire risk device of this direct supply electricity consumption circuit comprises: switch 1, direct supply 2, direct-flow current consumer 5, copper conductor 3, copper conductor 4;
This direct supply electricity consumption circuit electric fire risk device comprises obstructed load and by load two kinds of situations;
When obstructed load, one end of switch 1 connects the positive pole of direct supply, and the other end of switch 1 connects copper conductor 3, and the negative pole of direct supply connects copper conductor 4;
When logical load, one end of switch 1 connects the positive pole of direct supply, and the other end of switch 1 connects direct-flow current consumer 5 one end, and the direct-flow current consumer other end connects copper conductor 3, and the negative pole of direct supply connects copper conductor 4.
Further, another object of the present utility model is the implementation method providing the electric fire risk device of a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit, and the implementation method of this direct supply electricity consumption circuit electric fire risk device comprises the obstructed load of DC power anode directly and negative pole connects the implementation method of discharging and DC power anode connects the implementation method two kinds of discharging by direct-flow current consumer load and negative pole;
The obstructed load of DC power anode directly and negative pole to connect the implementation method of discharging as follows:
Step one, couples together the positive pole of direct supply and switch 1 with copper conductor, and switch 1 connects after copper conductor 3 or switch 1 connect direct-flow current consumer, then connects copper conductor 3; The negative pole of direct supply connects copper conductor 4, and copper conductor 4 also can connect a block plate;
Step 2, is not contacted positive pole with the conductor termination of negative pole copper conductor 4 or with the steel plate connected by the conductor termination of copper conductor 3 of direct-flow current consumer, Closing Switch, carries out connection electric discharge, observe the phenomenon that when discharging, circuit occurs; Discharge after 10 ~ 30 seconds, cut-off switch, observes copper conductor 3, copper conductor 4 and its insulation course apparent condition;
Step 3, the conductor termination of the copper conductor 4 that positive pole is connected with negative pole by the conductor termination of the copper conductor 3 of direct-flow current consumer or contact with the steel plate connected, Closing Switch carries out contact discharge, discharges after 10 ~ 30 seconds, cut-off switch, observes copper conductor 3, copper conductor 4 and its insulation course apparent condition;
Step 4, Phenomena Observation:
When positive pole is not directly connected by direct-flow current consumer and negative pole, produce super-large current instantaneously, and with certain arcing sounds and arc light, electric arc splash power is little, after contact, both positive and negative polarity tightly bonds together, occur that conductor is rubescent very soon completely, insulation course is smoldered, charing, burning, the trend alleviated gradually is outwards had from contact position, contact site conductor forms high temperature melting aggregation vestige, melting trace outward appearance irregularity, melting trace is carried out metallographic examination, can see that its metallographic structure presents the crystalline structure feature comprising a small amount of pore high temperature melting, the metallographic structure feature of the first short circuit melting trace not usually seen,
Positive pole directly connects electric discharge by direct-flow current consumer and negative pole, produce contact electrical discharge arc or electric spark, both positive and negative polarity has the tendency obviously attracted each other, there is the intermittent electrical discharge arc that splash power is little and electric spark, insulation course also can carbonize, smolders or burn, contact site conductor forms fusing vestige that is more dispersed and outward appearance comparison rule, and melting trace is carried out metallographic examination, can see the metallographic structure feature of its metallographic structure close to the first short circuit melting trace usually seen.
Further, all copper conductors used of described DC circuit are 1 ~ 4mm
2.
, there is the principle directly or by producing supramaximal current, arc discharge, electric spark with contact discharge after load (or bonding) according to the both positive and negative polarity of direct current electric line in the electric fire risk device of direct supply electricity consumption circuit that the utility model provides.The electrical discharge arc melting trace of DC circuit can prove whether contact discharge occurred by the circuit of fire location effectively, for judging that direct current contact discharge electrical fire provides objective science foundation, for after electrical fire occurs, the evidence of reason of fire is drawn in direct current both positive and negative polarity contact discharge of witnessing.The utility model technology has filled up the domestic blank that automobile etc. uses the principle of direct supply initiation electrical fire and material evidence to extract, identify, judge.For the extraction, qualification, judgement etc. of the prevention of direct current class electrical fire, statistical analysis and material evidence provide technical support.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the direct supply electricity consumption circuit electric fire risk device connection direct-flow current consumer that the utility model embodiment provides;
In figure: 1, switch; 2, direct supply; 3, copper conductor; 4, copper conductor; 5, direct-flow current consumer.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present utility model is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model embodiment the electric fire risk device of direct supply electricity consumption circuit primarily of: switch 1, direct supply 2, copper conductor 3, copper conductor 4, direct-flow current consumer 5 form;
Two kinds of situations that this direct supply electricity consumption circuit electric fire risk device is comprised the obstructed load of positive pole and connected respectively by direct-flow current consumer and cathode contact two branch roads;
The situation of the branch road of obstructed load: switch 1 connects the positive pole of direct supply 2, the other end of switch 1 connects copper conductor 3, and the negative pole of direct supply 2 connects copper conductor 4, and the broken end of copper conductor 4 also can connect one piece of bloom;
The direct supply electricity consumption circuit electric fire risk device concrete methods of realizing of obstructed load is as follows:
(1) circuit diagram connecting circuit according to Fig. 1, couples together one end of the positive pole of direct supply 2 and switch 1, and switch 1 other end connects one section of 1 ~ 4M
2copper conductor 3; Negative pole 1 ~ the 4M of direct supply 2
2copper conductor 4, the broken end of copper conductor 4 also can connect one piece of bloom;
(2) copper conductor 4 that the copper conductor 3 and the negative pole that are connected by positive pole connect directly is not contacting by under loading condition, and the branch switch 1 of closed obstructed overload, does 10 seconds and twice test in 30 seconds respectively;
(3) contact discharge is after more than 10 second, disconnects the branch switch 1 of obstructed overload, observes the insulation course of copper conductor 3 and copper conductor 4, conductor and contact position apparent condition;
(4) (2) contact discharge is repeated after more than 30 second, disconnect the branch switch 1 of obstructed overload, observe copper conductor 3, the insulation course of copper conductor 4, conductor and contact position apparent condition, disconnect the branch switch 1 of obstructed overload, observe the insulation course of copper conductor 3 and copper conductor 4, conductor and contact position apparent condition;
The high temperature melting that the conductor of visible contact site is all formed assembles vestige, molten trace outward appearance is the high temperature melting vestige of larger irregularity, the payment organization of molten trace presents the high temperature melting rapid crystallization tissue signature comprising certain pore, the serious burning carbonate of insulation course, and have the trend outwards alleviated gradually, act on the result that 30 seconds results are compared to 10 seconds more serious.
Branch case by load: direct-flow current consumer 5 one end connects direct supply, one end of direct-flow current consumer 5 other end connecting valve 1, the other end of switch 1 connects copper conductor 3, and the negative pole of direct supply 2 connects copper conductor 4, and the broken end of copper conductor 4 also can connect one piece of bloom;
As follows by the direct supply electricity consumption circuit electric fire risk device concrete methods of realizing of load:
(1) according to Fig. 1, direct-flow current consumer 5 one end connects direct supply, one end of direct-flow current consumer 5 other end connecting valve 1, the other end of switch 1 connects copper conductor 3, and the negative pole of direct supply 2 connects copper conductor 4, and the broken end of copper conductor 4 also can connect one piece of bloom;
(2) copper conductor 4 that the copper conductor 3 and the negative pole that are connected by positive pole connect directly contacts under by load branch condition, and the closed branch switch 1 by load, does 10 seconds and twice test in 30 seconds respectively;
(3) contact discharge is after more than 10 second, disconnects the branch switch 1 by load, observes the insulation course of copper conductor 3 and copper conductor 4, conductor and contact position apparent condition;
(4) repeat (2) contact discharge after more than 30 second, disconnect the branch switch 1 by load, observe copper conductor 3, the insulation course of copper conductor 4, conductor and contact position apparent condition,
The dispersed melting trace that the conductor of visible contact site is all formed, molten trace outward appearance is more regular instantaneous high-temperature melting trace, the metallographic structure of molten trace presents the fusing rapid crystallization tissue signature comprising less pore, insulation course charing obviously, beyond contact point, almost carbonization step is obvious, acts on the result that 30 seconds results are compared to 10 seconds serious a little.
Principle of work of the present utility model:
1, DC power anode is not when by load short circuits (or bonding), a, infinitely-great electric current will be produced in theory, cause electrified wire moment overheated rubescent insulation course to burn rapidly, the conductor of both positive and negative polarity contact site constantly melts and concentrates at together, and fire risk is very big.This principle better explains the motor vehicle fire such as automobile and sometimes develops very swift and violent reason.The high temperature melting vestige that b, short position are formed, molten trace outward appearance is the high temperature melting vestige of irregularity, and the metallographic structure of molten trace presents the high temperature melting crystalline structure feature comprising certain pore.
2, DC power anode is when by load discharge, infinitely-great electric current can not be produced in theory, producible electric arc and spark discharge, electric arc and electric spark can ignite electric wire insulation layer and surrounding combustible, particularly fire goods initiation fire, the electric current produced because of this type of electric discharge is limited, and the more regular melting trace with disperseing of melting trace outward appearance of the arcing formed in contact site, the metallographic structure feature of the molten trace of fusing is similar to common circuit lead first short circuit.
The utility model has filled up that the principle of igniting of the direct supply electrical fires such as automobile, scene inspection and material evidence extract, qualification and judge the domestic and international blank of gordian technique, for the prevention of automotive-type electrical fire, statistical analysis and material evidence, extraction, qualification, judgement etc. provide science and technology support.
The utility model is according to directly connecting between direct current both positive and negative polarity and by connecting electric discharge after load, producing the principle of ultrahigh current, electric arc, electric spark.The electrical discharge arc vestige of DC circuit can prove whether contact discharge occurred by the circuit of fire location effectively, after electrical fire generation, judges that DC circuit contact discharge electrical fire provides objective science foundation.The utility model technology has filled up the domestic blank that automobile etc. uses the principle of direct supply initiation electrical fire and material evidence to extract, identify, judge.For the prevention of direct current class electrical fire, statistical analysis and material evidence extraction, qualification, judgement etc. provide technical support.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all do within spirit of the present utility model and principle any amendment, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (2)
1. the electric fire risk device of direct supply electricity consumption circuit, it is characterized in that, the electric fire risk device of this direct supply electricity consumption circuit comprises: switch (1), direct supply (2), direct-flow current consumer (5), copper conductor (3), copper conductor (4);
This direct supply electricity consumption circuit electric fire risk device comprises obstructed overload and by load two kinds of situations;
When obstructed load, one end of switch (1) connects the positive pole of direct supply (2), and the other end of switch connects copper conductor (3), and the negative pole of direct supply (2) connects copper conductor (4).
2. the electric fire risk device of direct supply electricity consumption circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when by load, one end of direct-flow current consumer (5) connects the positive pole of direct supply (2), the other end of direct-flow current consumer (5) is by copper conductor connecting valve one end, the switch other end connects copper conductor (3), and the negative pole of direct supply connects copper conductor (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420396046.5U CN204203370U (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | The electric fire risk device of a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420396046.5U CN204203370U (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | The electric fire risk device of a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204203370U true CN204203370U (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420396046.5U Expired - Lifetime CN204203370U (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | The electric fire risk device of a kind of direct supply electricity consumption circuit |
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| CN (1) | CN204203370U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104166056A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-11-26 | 公安部四川消防研究所 | Electrical fire hazard apparatus for direct-current power supply electric line and realization method thereof |
| CN105652121A (en) * | 2016-01-16 | 2016-06-08 | 北京智慧小树苗科技有限公司 | Electric fire cause analysis system and method |
| CN107014718A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-04 | 中山大学 | A kind of Quantitative measurement method of wire's welding trace inner void |
-
2014
- 2014-07-17 CN CN201420396046.5U patent/CN204203370U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104166056A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-11-26 | 公安部四川消防研究所 | Electrical fire hazard apparatus for direct-current power supply electric line and realization method thereof |
| CN104166056B (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2018-12-28 | 公安部四川消防研究所 | A kind of electrical fire risk device of DC power supply electricity consumption route and implementation method |
| CN105652121A (en) * | 2016-01-16 | 2016-06-08 | 北京智慧小树苗科技有限公司 | Electric fire cause analysis system and method |
| CN105652121B (en) * | 2016-01-16 | 2018-08-17 | 北京北秦物联技术有限公司 | Electrical fire genetic analysis system and method |
| CN107014718A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-04 | 中山大学 | A kind of Quantitative measurement method of wire's welding trace inner void |
| CN107014718B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2019-10-25 | 中山大学 | A kind of Quantitative measurement method of wire's welding trace inner void |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20150311 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |