CN204202642U - A kind of electric power system region environment monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of electric power system region environment monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204202642U CN204202642U CN201420230094.7U CN201420230094U CN204202642U CN 204202642 U CN204202642 U CN 204202642U CN 201420230094 U CN201420230094 U CN 201420230094U CN 204202642 U CN204202642 U CN 204202642U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of electric power system region environment monitoring system, particularly evaluate and contamination monitoring system about electric power system integrated environment, it comprises electric power system flue gas real-time data acquisition unit, becomes and send transmission system, on-the-spot industrial computer, electric power system remote monitoring center, environmental protection supervision department remote monitoring center, wherein the remote monitoring center of environmental protection supervision department can set according to country or the monitoring parameter standard of local laws and regulations to tail gas monitoring system, and whether monitor these parameters up to standard; Electric power system remote monitoring center can monitor full factory of power plant integrated environment evaluation index, judges that whether electric power system integrated environment index is up to standard.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of electric power system region environment monitoring system, particularly relates to a kind of region environment monitoring system of electric power system.
Background technology
As everyone knows, problem of environmental pollution has become the major issue of restriction China economic development, in the energy-consuming of China, consumption of coal accounting is very high, particularly, China is based on the country of coal generating, and annual coal for power generation accounts for the half of the annual coal total amount of China.Coal-burning power plant, while production electric energy, also causes the massive discharge of pollutants such as flue dust, sulphuric dioxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and waste water.At present, the final index of coal-burning power plant often using net coal consumption rate as examination power plant performance driving economy, and net coal consumption rate does not consider that power plant runs the pollution caused environment, does not consider the problems such as the use value of water resource yet.Along with the implementation of China's power plant for energy conservation Mitigation options and electric system are separated the factory and network, to surf the Net at a competitive price the progressively enforcement of measure, if still using traditional net coal consumption rate as performance assessment criteria, or it can be used as the quotation foundation of optimal power plant operation and rate for incorporation into the power network, not only do not meet reality, nor be beneficial to the improvement of environment and the improvement of pollutant, so a kind of equipment of monitoring electric power system environmental economy index should be sought, and carry out the operation of dynamic conditioning electric power system with this, thus accomplish saving energy, lowering energy consumption and reducing pollutants discharge decreasing pollution.
And the supervision of electric power system to self enterprise itself is that shortage is mandatory and powered attendant-controlled wheelchairs, middle exist tail gas discharge behavior steathily not up to standard possibly, and this is contaminated environment not only, is difficult to supervision and punishment especially, therefore, a kind of special long distance control system for exhaust emissions is needed.
Utility model content
The expense of electric power system electrical energy production is divided into energy cost, non-energy expense and environmental hazard expense three part.Electric power system is produced electric energy and is wanted consume fuel and water resource, the energy cost part in thermoelectric power that Here it is production; In order to make electric power system normally run, the wage, bonus, welfare etc. of the depreciation of factory building and equipment, maintenance, management and personnel must be had, Here it is so-called non-energy expense; Thermoelectric power has waste water, waste gas and waste residue to discharge in producing, and constitutes environmental pollution expense.
Main energy cost part and the environmental pollution cost components considering electric power system in the utility model, and these two expenses are analyzed from the operational factor of electric power system draw, evaluated.
Meanwhile, system of the present utility model also comprises the supervisory systems of the supervision department of far-end, for monitoring the tail gas index of electric power system and integrated environment evaluation index and report to the police.
Utility model major programme is as follows:
Scheme one:
A kind of electric power system region environment monitoring system, comprising: central controller, display unit, distance sensor unit, change send transmission system and warning system, with the supervision controller, supervision display unit, the supervision warning horn and supervision standard input system that are positioned at environmental protection supervision department, the wherein operational factor of each parts of distance sensor unit senses electric power system, change is sent transmission system that the measured value that sensing comes is transformed to standard electric signal and is uploaded to central controller, wherein only the parameter relevant with exhaust gas component is uploaded to supervision controller, central controller carries out computing to the parameter electric signal that these transmit, and evaluation is made to electric power system full factory integrated environment evaluation index, central controller judges that whether electric power system integrated environment evaluation index is up to standard, if electric power system integrated environment evaluation index exceeds predetermined value, send alerting signal to warning system, warning horn triggers, and show abnormality parts and anomaly parameter on the display unit thereof, simultaneously after calculating electric power system integrated environment evaluation index, electric power system integrated environment evaluation index is uploaded to supervision controller, after supervision controller obtains tail gas parameter and electric power system full factory integrated environment evaluation index, the supervision standard value whether comparison tail gas parameter and electric power system full factory overall target meet the legal requirements, if not up to standard, then distally warning horn sends alerting signal, send information to central controller simultaneously, central controller trigger alarm show relevant information in display unit after obtaining feedback information, wherein the calculating of central controller and logical process mainly comprise:
The first step: based on steam turbine internal power W
i, steam turbine absolute internal efficiency η
i, boiler thermal output η
b, pipeline efficiency eta
p, steam turbine mechanical efficiency η
mwith efficiency of generator η
g, calculate plant thermal efficiency η
cp, wherein:
In formula: W
ifor steam turbine internal power, KJ/h;
,
be respectively the solidifying airshed of regenerative steam flow at different levels, exhaust condenser, kg/h;
,
be respectively the stream that draws gas at different levels, the actual enthalpy drop of condensing stream in steam turbine, Kj/kg; Z is regenerative steam progression;
In formula:
for the heat consumption of steam turbine, KJ/h;
η
cp=η
bη
pη
iη
mη
g
In formula:
for boiler thermal output,
for pipeline efficiency,
for steam turbine mechanical efficiency,
for efficiency of generator;
Second step: calculate full factory coal consumption amount B based on plant thermal efficiency, and calculate the energy cost of fuel according to stock coal price
:
In formula:
for the electric power of Turbo-generator Set, kW;
for the net calorific value of electric power system coal, kJ/kg;
3rd step: the emission behaviour of the on-line real time monitoring smoke evacuation flue dust of tail gas, sulphuric dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, the major pollutants content of tail gas of determining to discharge fume, and calculate charges for disposing pollutants according to the content of these major pollutants and charges for disposing pollutants by collecting standard and use
;
4th step: the integrated environment evaluation index D by following formula determination electric power system:
；
5th step: judge the environmental economy implementations that electric power system is run, when D value is greater than the first predetermined value, during judging that now electric power system operates in and exceeds design and operation expense, is in uneconomical and not environmentally state;
6th step: the operational factor checking the projects such as boiler, pipe network and pump, superheater or reheater, steam turbine, generator, condenser or heat interchanger, economizer, tail gas treatment device and tail gas item by item, to compare with the design load of corresponding parameter or history reference value by tabling look-up, if do not exceed more than the preset percentage value of design load or history reference value in these operational factors, electric power system is kept normally to run; If the operational parameter value that there is at least one in these parameters is beyond more than the preset percentage value of design load or history reference value, so the state of relevant parameter and associated components be shown in display unit and send alerting signal to alarm, reminding staff to note the state of associated components.
7th step: when after maintenance, system enters next circulation again from the first step.
Scheme two:
According to the region environment monitoring system of scheme 1, wherein said supervision controller can monitor multiple electric power system simultaneously.
Scheme three: according to the region environment monitoring system of scheme 2, the predetermined value of wherein environmental evaluation index D and exhaust emissions is that the limit value specified according to national law or local law is arranged, and complete setting at supervision controller end, and the design load of all the other parameters completes at central controller end.
Scheme two:
According to scheme a kind of electric power system region environment monitoring system, the preset percentage value of described integrated environment evaluation index D and the design load of each parameter or history reference value can be carried out adjustment according to the regulation of different regional laws and regulations and be arranged, if to environmental requirement strictly can above-mentioned numerical value arrange lower, if the height that loosely above-mentioned numerical value can be arranged environmental requirement is a bit to reduce the sensitivity of system.
Scheme three:
According to a kind of electric power system region environment monitoring system of scheme 1, before entering next circulation, in the storer of central controller, record maintenance parts add up to overhaul number of times and put on record as one of the parameter of alarm indication.
Scheme four:
According to a kind of electric power system region environment monitoring system of scheme 1, maintenance wherein comprises the maintenance between on-bne repair and overhaul time.
Scheme five
According to a kind of electric power system region environment monitoring system of scheme 1, wherein manually can arrange the deviation range of environmental evaluation index D and the design load of each parameter or the preset percentage value of history value, such as, be set to 10%, 15% etc.
In addition, at present, electric power system exhaust emission mainly imposes sulphuric dioxide (SO
2), oxides of nitrogen (NO
x) and flue dust 3 charges for disposing pollutants.Ash flushing water pollutes mainly imposes suspension (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) and total arsenic 3 charges for disposing pollutants.Charges for disposing pollutants calculate collection with according to the kind discharged pollutants, quantity with pollutional equivalent; carry out the calculating of pollutant expense according to " collection of drainage dues standard and computing method " that The Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China, MOF and State Environmental Protection Administration formulate, and every equivalents expenses standard of various pollutant inputs central controller by the mode of optimum configurations before can starting according to the system that is defined in of local law regulation.
Equivalents × every equivalents expenses standard of pollution charges use=this pollutant of certain pollutant.
In the utility model, the main equivalents considering air pollution emission thing, also can include the major pollutants of water pollutions in limit of consideration if necessary or if possible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is typically electric power system crew qiting figure;
Fig. 2 is electric power system system cost state diagram;
Fig. 3 is that electric power system actual motion expense evaluates control system figure;
Fig. 4 is electric power system actual motion monitoring block scheme.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the utility model is described in further detail.For making the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model embodiment is described in further detail.At this, schematic description and description of the present utility model for explaining the utility model, but not as to restriction of the present utility model.
The present embodiment is a kind of thermal power plant region environment monitoring method, it is pointed out that the present embodiment is using a kind of embodiment of thermal power plant as electric power system in the utility model.
Fig. 1 represents the thermal power plant 1 comprising some steam turbine sections, and they are for different pressure design.These steam turbine sections are in series arranged on common axle 5.
In order to run, water heats and produces steam by live steam superheater 9 in steam boiler 7.Superheated vapor introduces high-pressure turbine section 13 as working steam by pipeline, and steam expands there.After expanding in high-pressure turbine section 13, some vapor introduces intermediate superheater 15 by the first cross over pipe 14, reheats there, then introduces in double-flow middle-pressure steam turbine section 17.Steam here reexpands, until regulation, present lower stress level.
Then, expand into the steam of lower pressure levels in middle-pressure steam turbine section 17, being introduced by the second cross over pipe 21 connected is in double-flow low-pressure turbine section 25 equally.
The generator 29 of generation current is driven by public axle 5.Expand and leave after cooling in the steam inflow condenser 31 of low-pressure turbine section 25, it condenses by heat is passed to surrounding environment there, and collects as the water of liquid state.By condensate pump 33, by water relay storage in feed-tank 37, then again supply steam boiler 7 by feed pump 39 and primary heater 35.Wherein primary heater 35 can be economizer, from chimney 71 discharges after the exhaust ventilation recycling flowed out and waste gas treatment equipment through boiler.
After expansion stages, extraction steam pipe 41, after high-pressure turbine section 13 expansion stages, is exactly pressed flow technique before intermediate superheater 15, is connected with high-pressure turbine section 13.By this extraction steam pipe 41 for customer 49 is from the steam high-pressure turbine section 13 after expansion required for system extraction.
Extraction steam pipe 41 imports in expander 43, and thus expander is connected with high-pressure turbine section 13.Expander 43 is designed to independent expansion turbine 44, second generator 45 and is attached thereto.The steam extracted is inner at expansion turbine 44 is total system acting, and perfect condition expand into the level (pressure, temperature) that customer 49 is expected.Replace generator, also can arrange or connect applicable mechanical energy consumption device.
From expansion turbine 44, the factory steam after expansion is directly introduced customer 49 further through industrial steam pipe 47.It is such as designed to fuel treating equipment or is designed to flue gas processing device.Independent expansion turbine 44 is used in back pressure operation.In this case, direct as far as possible corresponding to required factory steam pressure at the final state point expanded, the customer 49 that therefore expansion turbine 44 is desirably connection provides the pressure and temperature level of needs.
In addition, heat is reclaimed in the condensation that optionally heat supply of thermal power plant not only comes from exhaust steam in steam turbine, also likely comes from steam turbine intergrade and to draw gas or the steam of directly drawing from boiler enters heat interchanger with to heat supply network heat supply.Only come to heat supply network heat supply by exhaust steam condensation in the example depicted in fig. 1.
Tu2Shi thermal power plant system cost state diagram.As can be seen from the figure the expense input fuel be mainly for fuel cost of coal fired thermal power plant inputs 201 expenses and the operating cost 202 for thermal power plant's day-to-day operation, and the capital cost of output can be divided into that heat exports 204 expenses, electric energy exports 205 expenses and blowdown exports 206 expenses.Certainly at this, said input and output consider from the angle of energy flow, and in fact, fuel input expense, operating cost, blowdown export expense all needs outside defrayment to realize, and these projects are negative incomes, are cost-effectivenes expenditures; And heat exports expense and electric energy output expense is that thermal power plant takes in the launch return property of mains supply and heat supply network heat supply gained, accrued for just to take in.
Tu3Shi thermal power plant actual motion expense evaluates control system schematic diagram.Central controller 303 receives from boiler 7, pipe network and pump, superheater 9, steam turbine 13, 17, 25, generator 29, condenser 31, economizer 35, tail gas treatment device 49, the sensor of tail gas etc. detects the parameter of gained to these parts, central controller processes these parameters, and calculate the actual motion expense of thermal power plant, then compare by actual motion expense and design and operation expense, when the numerical value of actual motion expense higher than design and operation expense 5% time, comparison one by one and judgement are carried out to the parameter of all parts, find out poor efficiency or damage parts, and by corresponding component and corresponding parameter display on display unit 205, alerting signal is sent to warning horn 304, warning horn is reported to the police, staff is reminded to carry out inspection and maintenance.
In addition, central controller accepts the input of external stability parameter, and other of the data setting of such as design parameter typing 301 and such as ature of coal parameter etc. arranges 302.
In addition, central controller 303 carries out communication with the supervision controller 307 of long-range environmental protection supervision department by wired or wireless network, tail gas parameter and integrated environment evaluation index are sent on supervision controller, and be shown on supervision display unit 308, the limits value of the integrated environment evaluation index that supervision standard input system 308 can run thermal power plant and tail gas parameter index is arranged, when the desired value passed back from thermal power plant's central controller 303 is greater than index limits value time, supervision controller 307 distally warning horn sends alerting signal, alarm sounded, and by thermal power plant's title of correspondence, exceed standard parameter display in supervision display unit 307.
Tu4Shi thermal power plant actual motion expense is evaluated and is run block scheme, first In-put design parameter and Initialize installation 401 is carried out to system on central controller, then under the control of central controller, distal sensor measurement parameter 402 is read: comprise coal-supplying amount from the collection of each parts, bed drain purge, deslagging temperature, boiler feed temperature, main steam enthalpy, reheated steam enthalpy, extraction temperature, extraction pressure, exhaust enthalpy of turbine, heat interchanger heat exchange amount, condenser heat exchange amount, each pipeline pressure and crushing, generator speed, generator power, exhaust temperature, tail gas humidity, tail gas is containing amount of sulfur dioxide, tail gas nitrogen-containing oxide amount, exhaust smoke dust quantity etc., after sensor measures parameters, first for tail gas related parameter is sent to supervision controller 306, after having gathered above-mentioned data, central controller has calculated thermal power plant's energy cost and thermal power plant's environmental costs 403 based on data, calculate thermal power plant's actual motion expense 404 again, and calculate the integrated environment evaluation index of thermal power plant according to the actual motion expense of thermal power plant, after calculating the integrated environment evaluation index of thermal power plant, data upload to the supervision controller 306 of supervision department simultaneously, and central controller 303 utilizes actual integrated environment evaluation index to compare thermal power plant's actual motion expense and design and operation expense 405, in the 406th step, judge the departure degree of actual motion expense and design and operation expense, see whether actual motion expense is greater than 5% of design and operation expense, if actual motion expense is be greater than design and operation expense 5%, carry out the judgement of operation exception situation, in the 407th step, check the parameter of thermal power plant's all parts, the parameter of described all parts compared with corresponding design parameter, see whether actual parameter deviates from design parameter more than 5%, in the 408th step, find out anomaly parameter, relevant parameter is shown in display unit and sends alerting signal to alarm, in the 409th step, online or maintenance down or change abnormal or damage parts, otherwise keep thermal power plant to run.
At the supervision controller end of supervision department, supervision controller 306 can compare catching next tail gas correlation parameter and thermal power plant full factory integrated environment evaluation index from thermal power plant and inputting from supervision standard input system 308 the desired indicator value set, if the actual parameter value of thermal power plant is greater than the desired indicator value of supervision standard input system input, then the supervision controller 306 of far-end distally warning horn 309 send alerting signal, report to the police and trigger, and relevant such as thermal power plant information, the parameter information etc. that exceeds standard is shown in supervision display unit 307; Meanwhile, supervision controller can send signal to the central controller of thermal power plant's end, makes center-control send alerting signal to power plant's warning horn 304, also makes relevant information be presented in display unit simultaneously.
Be understandable that, those skilled in the art can carry out change to the departure degree of above-mentioned index and arrange, and can be such as 5%, also can be 10%, 15% etc., and these arrange and can complete in Initialize installation in step 401.
The supervision index input system of supervision controller end can set many kinds of parameters according to laws and regulations, and such as the desired value of the legal provisions of sulphuric dioxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulfuretted hydrogen etc. carries out typing.
Be understandable that display unit and supervision display unit can carry out the display of running status at ordinary times, this is the common technology means that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Although illustrate and described embodiment of the present utility model, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that and can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments when not departing from principle of the present utility model and spirit, scope of the present utility model is by claims and equivalency thereof.
Claims (1)
1. an electric power system region environment monitoring system, comprise be positioned at electric power system region central controller, display unit, distance sensor unit, become send transmission system and warning system; And be positioned at supervision controller, supervision display unit, the supervision warning horn and supervision standard input system of environmental protection supervision department; Central controller carries out communication with supervision controller by wired or wireless network.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105091932A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | Tri-section rotary preheater segmented soot formation monitoring method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105091932A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | Tri-section rotary preheater segmented soot formation monitoring method |
| CN105091932B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-09-29 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | A kind of three points of storehouses rotary preheater segmentation dust stratification monitoring method |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150311 Termination date: 20150506 |
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