CN204191112U - Harvesting and tillage machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of harvesting and tillage machine.This harvesting and tillage machine comprises frame and is positioned at seat, operating assembly and the transmission component in frame, the deceleration changement that transmission component comprises engine and is attached thereto, the middle part of frame, be provided with engine foundation near the rear of seat, engine is fixedly installed on engine foundation; Operating assembly comprises two front-wheels in frame front, two trailing wheels at frame rear, two pedals between two front-wheels and is positioned at the operation handrail in seat front, the diameter of trailing wheel is greater than the diameter of front-wheel, and trailing wheel is support-board type, the outer peripheral face of trailing wheel is welded with the multiple dove-tail form blades be evenly distributed.The harvesting and tillage machine diverse in function that the utility model provides, safety and stability, both can also can at underwater cultivation at working on farm land, not only damping but also take action fast, and easy and simple to handle, transmission efficiency is high, saves raw material.

Description

Harvesting and tillage machine

Technical field

The utility model relates to technical field of agricultural machinery, relates to a kind of harvesting and tillage machine particularly.

Background technology

Harvesting and tillage machine is the small-sized cultivated tillage operation machinery of one that China Rice Cropping area generally uses, and match plough, rake, Pu such as to roll at the cultivated tillage operation that farm implements can carry out overall process.

But more in prior art there is one of following problem in existing harvesting and tillage machine: because the kind of drive of decelerator and the rotation mode (Machine Design) of diesel engine cause machine gravity to the rear, such body is easy to when advance hourly velocity is accelerated suddenly cause body to raise up, if operator is skilled not, likely cause overturning, to such an extent as to the safety of farming cannot be ensured; The driving wheel used is straight blade, and diameter is less, is only suitable for working on farm land, function singleness; Transmission device adopts the friction disk type kind of drive, after being transferred to certain hour, friction plate meeting unstable wear, shift fork gap is caused to increase, machine operationally, need strengthen foot-operated scope, travel inconvenience like this concerning operator, even likely shift fork can come off because gap is large, finally causes having to more renewal of facing renewal; Power section is hand-rail type diesel engine, and throttle size is wanted manually just can complete, and does not have the operation of automatic or electrodeless change to realize, like this when farming, open the throttle or reduce throttle, being the pretty troublesome thing of part for operator, often getting on or off the bus to control throttle size; Sliding notch portion because speed issue causes ploughshare mouth swinging connecting rod easily to come off when operating, add that sliding notch portion consumes a part of power, and cost also strengthens a part, adds the up-down adjustment to Hua Kou when farming, because space problem is wasted time and energy very much; The belt pulley of reversing shaft is A type, and the belt pulley of diesel engine supporting is with it Type B, has problems like this, cause transmission efficiency to reduce in belt transmission cooperation; Braking system adopts and formulates live axle, DeGrain; Friction disk clutch and high speed shaft transmission realize by the retainingf key on friction plate, clutch rivets over two sides friction plate and being formed outside a kind of thick 4 flange plates, in the impact that transmission process is because being subject to forward-reverse moment, retainingf key the bonding area of keyway too little and wearing and tearing very fast, cause life of clutch very low, be unfavorable for machine driving.Such as, the patent No. be 201020032085.9 " multifunction tiller " disclose one or more problems that " a kind of multifunction tiller; it comprises operating assembly, transmission component, sliding mouth assembly and Power Component; operating assembly is that the middle part of two front-wheel-steering wheels is connected by bearing one end with two cripple's axles, the other end of two cripple's axles ... " just deposits existing harvesting and tillage machine existence in the above prior art.

Therefore, in order to solve above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of new solution.

Utility model content

In order to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior, the utility model provides a kind of harvesting and tillage machine.According to the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model provides, diverse in function, safety and stability, both can also can at underwater cultivation at working on farm land, not only damping but also take action fast, and easy and simple to handle, transmission efficiency is high, saves raw material.

The utility model provides a kind of harvesting and tillage machine, it comprises frame and is positioned at seat, operating assembly and the transmission component in frame, the deceleration changement that described transmission component comprises engine and is attached thereto, the middle part of described frame, be provided with engine foundation near the rear of described seat, described engine is fixedly installed on described engine foundation.

Preferably, described operating assembly comprises two front-wheels being positioned at described frame front, be positioned at two trailing wheels at described frame rear, two pedals between two front-wheels and be positioned at the operation handrail in described seat front, the diameter of described trailing wheel is greater than the diameter of described front-wheel, and described trailing wheel is support-board type, the outer peripheral face of described trailing wheel is welded with the multiple dove-tail form blades be evenly distributed, the outside of described dove-tail form blade is removably overlapped a skin wheel, described skin wheel comprises steel ring and is riveted on a circle rubber of described steel ring outer surface, the inner ring of described steel ring is provided with tie down screw.

Further, described harvesting and tillage machine also comprises the ploughshare mouth device be positioned at below described engine foundation, described ploughshare mouth device comprises ploughshare mouth fixed mount, ploughshare mouth connector and Hua Kou, described ploughshare mouth fixed mount is fixedly connected on the below of described frame, elevating screw is provided with between described ploughshare mouth fixed mount and described ploughshare mouth connector, described ploughshare mouth connector can be moved up and down relative to described ploughshare mouth fixed mount by described elevating screw, be provided with the rotating shaft of ploughshare mouth between described ploughshare mouth connector and described ploughshare mouth, described ploughshare mouth can with the rotating shaft of described ploughshare mouth for center of rotation be rotated.

Further, described ploughshare mouth device also comprises ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel, the top that described ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel is positioned at the rotating shaft of described ploughshare mouth through described ploughshare mouth connector and with the root joint of described Hua Kou, described Hua Kou regulates described Hua Kou with the rotating shaft of described ploughshare mouth for center of rotation carries out the angle of rotating by described ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel.

Preferably, described engine is pull-type air-cooled diesel engine, described pull-type air-cooled diesel engine comprises fuel tank, accelerator device and throttle bowden cable, described accelerator device is arranged on described fuel tank, one end of described throttle bowden cable is docked with described accelerator device, its other end is provided with rotary knob, and described rotary knob is fixedly installed on described operation handrail, and described rotary knob regulates size and the switch of described accelerator device by described throttle bowden cable.

Further, described deceleration changement comprises decelerator, high speed shaft mechanism and changement, and described decelerator is installed on the other end of described high speed shaft mechanism; Described changement is positioned at the top of described high speed shaft mechanism, and described changement comprises reversing shaft and lays respectively at the reverse belt pulley at reversing shaft two ends and retreat shift fork; Described high speed shaft mechanism is fixedly connected with described frame, described high speed shaft mechanism comprises high speed shaft and is positioned at belt pulley and the advance shift fork of described high speed shaft one end, described advance shift fork is positioned at the outside of described belt pulley, and described reverse belt pulley and described belt pulley, described reversing shaft and described high speed shaft are all positioned on same vertical plane.

Further, the front and back of described retrogressing shift fork and described advance shift fork are equipped with the fine setting screw thread for regulating shift fork gap.

Again further, described high speed shaft mechanism also comprises discoidal clutch, and described clutch is friction plate clutch, and two faces of the disk of described clutch are fixed with a friction plate respectively, described clutch is positioned on described high speed shaft, and is positioned at the inner side of described belt pulley.

Preferably, two outer surfaces of described disk are welded with a pad respectively, and described pad with one heart and which is provided with retainingf key; Described high speed shaft is provided with the keyway matched with described retainingf key.

Preferably, the periphery of described reverse belt pulley is provided with the stepped right V-type groove of twice and left V-type groove, described right V-type groove to be opening radian the be A type groove of 38 °, described left V-type groove to be opening radian the be Type B groove of 34 °.

There is provided according to the utility model, one of at least following beneficial effect can be brought: machine gravity moves forward, and completely avoid body and raises up, safety and stability; Strengthen the diameter of driving wheel, adopt support-board type, at the periphery welding dove-tail form blade of supporting plate, so not only can working on farm land, also solve part underwater cultivation and the requirement that is up to state standards simultaneously, and have a dismountable skin wheel at the periphery of swallow-tail form blade cover, the not only damping but also take action fast when field farming like this, preventing walks on cement road jolts; A fine setting screw thread has been set up, the gap between adjustable shift fork in the front and back of shift fork, as friction disc wear just finely tunes to reduce shift fork free gap to screw thread, simple and practical and avoid often more renewal of facing renewal; Adopt pull-type air-cooled diesel engine, utilize the peculiar throttle corollary apparatus of diesel engine, throttle bowden cable is adopted to dock with diesel engine oil door gear, button is fixedly mounted on operation handrail, as long as the rotary knob on turn throttle bowden cable, the adjustment that just can realize throttle size is even shut down, and this method of operating is easy, reduces unnecessary regulable control diesel engine throttle size of getting on or off the bus; Remove ploughshare mouth pendulous device, change into ploughshare mouth by original swing fixed, be provided with in fixture and the oscilaltion of ploughshare mouth can be made to obtain elevating screw, not only increase the upper and lower rotation space of Hua Kou, enable operator regulate upper-lower height and the angle of Hua Kou easily, and save part raw material; Transmission efficiency is high, brake safe and satisfactory for result, extends the service life of clutch, has saved cost.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 shows the side structure schematic diagram of the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model embodiment provides;

Fig. 2 shows the vertical view of the harvesting and tillage machine shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows the side structure schematic diagram of the trailing wheel of the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model embodiment provides;

Fig. 4 shows the side structure schematic diagram of ploughshare mouth device;

Fig. 5 shows the rearview of deceleration changement, wherein in order to clear, eliminates part body.

Embodiment

Introduce exemplary embodiment of the present utility model in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.There is provided the object of these exemplary embodiments to be to make those of ordinary skill in the art to be expressly understood the utility model, and can the utility model be realized according to description here.The drawings and specific embodiments are not intended to limit the utility model, and scope of the present utility model is defined by the following claims.

Fig. 1 shows the side structure schematic diagram of the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model embodiment provides.With reference to Fig. 1, the utility model provides a kind of harvesting and tillage machine, it comprises frame and is positioned at seat 1, operating assembly and the transmission component in frame, the deceleration changement that this transmission component comprises engine 2 and is attached thereto, the middle part of above-mentioned frame, be provided with engine foundation 3 near the rear of seat 1, above-mentioned engine 2 is fixedly installed on this engine foundation 3.

In prior art, existing harvesting and tillage machine body is accelerated suddenly to be easy to cause body to raise up in advance hourly velocity, if operator is skilled not, likely cause overturning, inadequate for farming safety like this, mainly because machine gravity is to the rear, the kind of drive of decelerator and the rotation mode (Machine Design) of diesel engine cause, in order to address this problem, engine (engine of general agricultural machinery is diesel engine) is placed in the middle of body by the utility model, center of gravity is moved forward, completely avoid the problem that body raises up like this, safety and stability.

Fig. 2 shows the vertical view of the harvesting and tillage machine shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows the vertical view of the trailing wheel of the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model embodiment provides.With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, aforesaid operations assembly comprises two front-wheels 4 being positioned at above-mentioned frame front, be positioned at two trailing wheels 5 at above-mentioned frame rear, two pedals 6 between two front-wheels 4 and be positioned at the operation handrail 7 in above-mentioned seat 1 front, the diameter of above-mentioned trailing wheel 5 is greater than the diameter of front-wheel 4, and above-mentioned trailing wheel 5 is support-board type, the outer peripheral face of this trailing wheel 5 is welded with the multiple dove-tail form blades 51 be evenly distributed, the outside of this dove-tail form blade 51 is removably overlapped a skin wheel, this skin wheel comprises steel ring 52 and is riveted on a circle rubber 53 of this steel ring 52 outer surface, the inner ring of this steel ring 52 is provided with tie down screw 521.

It should be noted that, the driving wheel of the harvesting and tillage machine (hereinafter referred to as this harvesting and tillage machine) that above-mentioned trailing wheel 5 provides for the utility model, the diameter of this trailing wheel 5 is greater than the diameter of front-wheel 4, and be support-board type, namely above-mentioned trailing wheel 5 is provided with many supporting plates be evenly distributed, on the outer peripheral face of this trailing wheel 5 (namely on the periphery of this supporting plate) be welded with the multiple dove-tail form blades 51 be evenly distributed, the harvesting and tillage machine that such the utility model provides not only can working on farm land, simultaneously also can at part underwater cultivation and the requirement that can be up to state standards.In addition, the outside of above-mentioned dove-tail form blade 51 is removably overlapped a skin wheel, this skin wheel comprises steel ring 52 and is riveted on a circle rubber 53 of this steel ring 52 outer surface, the inner ring of this steel ring 52 is provided with tie down screw 521 and slides on above-mentioned dove-tail form blade 51 to prevent this steel ring 52, like this when this harvesting and tillage machine is not in field farming, walking more freely, particularly can play damping in cement road, be unlikely to jolt, and this skin wheel convenient disassembly, economical and practical.

Fig. 4 shows the side structure schematic diagram of ploughshare mouth device.With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, this harvesting and tillage machine also comprises the ploughshare mouth device 8 be positioned at below above-mentioned engine foundation 3, this ploughshare mouth device 8 comprises ploughshare mouth fixed mount 81, ploughshare mouth connector 82 and ploughshare mouth 83, above-mentioned ploughshare mouth fixed mount 81 is fixedly connected on the below of above-mentioned frame, elevating screw 84 is provided with between this ploughshare mouth fixed mount 81 and above-mentioned ploughshare mouth connector 82, above-mentioned ploughshare mouth connector 82 can be moved up and down relative to ploughshare mouth fixed mount 81 by elevating screw 84, ploughshare mouth rotating shaft 85 is provided with between above-mentioned ploughshare mouth connector 82 and ploughshare mouth 83, above-mentioned ploughshare mouth 83 can with above-mentioned ploughshare mouth rotating shaft 85 for center of rotation be rotated.

Above-mentioned ploughshare mouth device 8 also comprises ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel 86, the top that this ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel 86 is positioned at above-mentioned ploughshare mouth rotating shaft 85 through above-mentioned ploughshare mouth connector 82 and with the root joint of ploughshare mouth 83, this ploughshare mouth 83 regulates this ploughshare mouth 83 with above-mentioned ploughshare mouth rotating shaft 85 for center of rotation carries out the angle of rotating by above-mentioned ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel 86.

In prior art the sliding notch portion of existing harvesting and tillage machine when operation because speed issue ploughshare mouth swinging connecting rod easily comes off, add that sliding notch portion consumes the power of a part, cause added cost, add the up-down adjustment to Hua Kou when farming, because space problem is wasted time and energy for the user very much.The harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model provides revolutionizes sliding notch portion, remove sliding mouth pendulous device, sliding mouth is changed into fixed by original pendulum-type, be provided with ploughshare mouth 83 oscilaltion screw mandrel 84 on the securing means, increase ploughshare mouth about 83 rotation space, namely in prior art existing harvesting and tillage machine ploughshare mouth device be fixed, can not move up and down, so up and down scope reduces, and this harvesting and tillage machine utilizes elevating screw 84 to be moved up and down along the slideway on ploughshare mouth fixed mount 81 by ploughshare mouth connector 82, play ploughshare mouth 83 (namely ploughing) oscilaltion like this, just can realize the dark or shallow of cultivated land of ploughing, add this harvesting and tillage machine and there is ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel 86, ploughshare mouth 83 then can be made to realize rotating certain level angle around the rotating shaft 85 of ploughshare mouth, the resistance being conducive to farming regulates, also can strengthen the depth degree of the farming of ploughshare mouth 83 simultaneously, operator is made easily to regulate upper-lower height and the angle of ploughshare mouth 83, and save part raw material.

With reference to Fig. 1, above-mentioned engine 2 is pull-type air-cooled diesel engine, this pull-type air-cooled diesel engine comprises fuel tank, accelerator device and throttle bowden cable 21, above-mentioned accelerator device is arranged on fuel tank, one end of above-mentioned throttle bowden cable 21 is docked with above-mentioned accelerator device, its other end is provided with rotary knob, and this rotary knob is fixedly installed on aforesaid operations handrail 7, and above-mentioned rotary knob regulates size and the switch of accelerator device by above-mentioned throttle bowden cable 21.

In prior art, the power section of existing harvesting and tillage machine is hand-rail type diesel engine, throttle size is wanted manually just can complete, the operation of automatic or electrodeless change is not had to realize, like this when farming, open the throttle or reduce throttle, the pretty troublesome thing of part for operator, to often get on or off the bus to control throttle size, the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model provides adopts pull-type air-cooled diesel engine, utilize the peculiar throttle corollary apparatus of diesel engine, throttle bowden cable 21 is coordinated to dock with diesel engine oil door gear, the rotary knob that throttle bowden cable 21 one end has is fixedly mounted on aforesaid operations handrail 7, as long as the rotary knob on operator's turn throttle bowden cable 21, the adjustment that just can realize throttle size is even shut down, namely the above-mentioned rotary knob that turns clockwise is tension throttle, throttle increases, being rotated counterclockwise above-mentioned rotary knob is loosen throttle, throttle reduces, can shut down.It is cultivated whole easy to operate that the utility model provides, and reduces unnecessary regulable control diesel engine throttle size of getting on or off the bus.

Fig. 5 shows the rearview of deceleration changement, wherein in order to clear, eliminates part body.With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, above-mentioned deceleration changement comprises decelerator, high speed shaft mechanism 9 and changement 10, and above-mentioned decelerator is installed on the other end of above-mentioned high speed shaft mechanism 9; Above-mentioned changement 10 is positioned at the top of above-mentioned high speed shaft mechanism 9, and this changement 10 comprises reversing shaft 101 and lays respectively at the reverse belt pulley 102 at reversing shaft 101 two ends and retreat shift fork 103; Above-mentioned high speed shaft mechanism 9 is fixedly connected with above-mentioned frame, this high speed shaft mechanism 9 comprises high speed shaft 91 and is positioned at belt pulley 92 and the advance shift fork 93 of high speed shaft 91 one end, this advance shift fork 93 is positioned at the outside of above-mentioned belt pulley 92, and above-mentioned reverse belt pulley 102 is all positioned on same vertical plane with high speed shaft 91 with belt pulley 92, above-mentioned reversing shaft 101.

The front and back of above-mentioned retrogressing shift fork 103 and advance shift fork 93 are equipped with the fine setting screw thread 11 for regulating shift fork gap.

Above-mentioned high speed shaft mechanism 9 also comprises discoidal clutch 94, this clutch 94 is friction plate clutch, two faces of the disk of this clutch 94 are fixed with a friction plate respectively, and this clutch 94 is positioned on above-mentioned high speed shaft 91, and is positioned at the inner side of above-mentioned belt pulley 92.

In prior art, the transmission of existing harvesting and tillage machine is the friction disk type kind of drive, after being transferred to certain hour, friction plate meeting unstable wear, shift fork gap is caused to increase, machine operationally, foot-operated scope need be strengthened concerning operator, such traveling is inconvenient, even likely shift fork can come off because gap is large, finally to have to more renewal of facing renewal, the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model provides adds a fine setting screw thread 11 in the front and back of shift fork, gap between adjustable shift fork and friction plate, wherein friction plate is exactly clutch 94, this clutch 94 is exactly specifically the upper two pieces of friction plates of two surface riveted joints of a flange, this friction plate and other feature contacts produce frictional resistance and carry out transmission, first by throttle bowden cable 21 ato unit 2, engine 2 drives advance shift fork 93 or retreats shift fork 103, the shift fork belt pulley stirred on belt pulley 92 contacts with the friction plate on clutch 94 and produces forward travel or setback, machine movement principle that Here it is, wherein advance shift fork 93 also can be called and carries out shift fork, retreat shift fork 103 and also can be called commutation shift fork.

In prior art, existing harvesting and tillage machine is in motion process, carry out shift fork and advance shift fork 93 because of clutch 94 often clutch friction plate have wearing and tearing, the gap, left and right of shift fork is caused to increase, it is such that to affect shift fork stressed, constantly regulate the soft silk axis that advances, bother very much, the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model provides operator when friction disc wear just carries out fine setting to fine setting screw thread 11 and will reduce shift fork free gap, this fine setting screw thread 11 is exactly an axle sleeve composition being threaded screw thread, when namely feeling that the position gap of shift fork is large when clutch 94 may wear to a certain degree, just this fine setting screw thread 11 is slightly twisted forward a radian and just can regulate the gap of shift fork and advance shift fork 93 position.

Two outer surfaces of the disk of above-mentioned clutch 94 are welded with a pad respectively, and this pad with one heart and which is provided with retainingf key; Above-mentioned high speed shaft 91 is provided with the keyway matched with above-mentioned retainingf key.

The friction disk clutch and the high speed shaft transmission that have harvesting and tillage machine in prior art realize by the retainingf key on friction plate, two sides friction plate of riveting over outside clutch to be a kind of be 4 thick flange plates is formed, retainingf key is provided with in the hole of this flange plate, because being advanced in transmission process, the impact of the moment retreated, retainingf key the bonding area of keyway too little and wearing and tearing very fast, cause life of clutch very low, be unfavorable for machine driving, two outer surfaces of the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model provides between flange plate (i.e. clutch 94) and friction plate are welded with a pad respectively, this pad with one heart and which is provided with retainingf key, this retainingf key and pad are one, namely this retainingf key and flange plate (i.e. clutch 94) are one, which increase the contact area of the keyway on this retainingf key and high speed shaft 91, drag strengthens greatly apart from ability, extend the service life of clutch 94.

The periphery of above-mentioned reverse belt pulley 102 is provided with the stepped right V-type groove 1021 of twice and left V-type groove 1022, above-mentioned right V-type groove 1021 for opening radian be the A type groove of 38 °, above-mentioned left V-type groove 1022 for opening radian be the Type B groove of 34 °.

A type refers to A type belt pulley, and Type B refers to Type B belt pulley, and what complement one another is A type belt and Type B belt.Specific as follows: the A type groove before this refers to reversing shaft 101 belt pulley being two 38 °, change now each one of A type, Type B into, supporting belt becomes A type band and Type B band by original A type band, A type, Type B also have width, the degree of depth all different except angle difference, because contact area problem, Type B band is energeticallyer when driving torque for onesize A type band and Type B band.In belt pulley, bearing is installed, bearing is arranged on reversing shaft 101, the reverse belt pulley 102 of reversing shaft 101 is A type, and diesel engine belt pulley supporting is with it Type B, have problems in belt transmission cooperation like this, cause transmission efficiency to reduce, the belt pulley on reversing shaft 101 is processed into Type B wheel by the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model provides, and such transmission efficiency is higher.

It should be noted that, in prior art, the braking system of existing harvesting and tillage machine adopts and brakes live axle, braking effect is not obvious, and the braking system employing of the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model provides is braked the commutation gear wheel 95 on high speed shaft 91, such braking effect is ideal, and safety is high.In addition, what above-mentioned decelerator adopted is thick 10 steel body structures, and the inside travelling gear is the manufacture of 20CrMnTi bearing steel, and installation method is changed into close to rectilinear by original tilting, and the service life of decelerator is improved greatly.

In addition, with reference to Fig. 1, the harvesting and tillage machine that the utility model provides also comprises water pump 12 and affiliated facility installing rack 13, above-mentioned water pump 12 is arranged on the back upper place of above-mentioned frame and is connected with transmission component, above-mentioned affiliated facility installing rack 13 is arranged at the middle part of the back lower place of above-mentioned frame, when the motive power of this harvesting and tillage machine is more than needed can in this affiliated facility installing rack 13 is installed the attached supporting family expenses gadget such as ditch plough, rake or roller, be beneficial to farming and irrigate.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to the utility model, for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a harvesting and tillage machine, it comprises frame and is positioned at seat (1), operating assembly and the transmission component in frame, it is characterized in that, the deceleration changement that described transmission component comprises engine (2) and is attached thereto, the middle part of described frame, be provided with engine foundation (3) near the rear of described seat (1), described engine (2) is fixedly installed on described engine foundation (3).

2. harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described operating assembly comprises two front-wheels (4) being positioned at described frame front, be positioned at two trailing wheels (5) at described frame rear, be positioned at two pedals (6) between two front-wheels (4) and be positioned at the operation handrail (7) in described seat (1) front, the diameter of described trailing wheel (5) is greater than the diameter of described front-wheel (4), and described trailing wheel (5) is support-board type, the outer peripheral face of described trailing wheel (5) is welded with the multiple dove-tail form blades (51) be evenly distributed, the outside of described dove-tail form blade (51) is removably overlapped a skin wheel, described skin wheel comprises steel ring (52) and is riveted on circle rubber (53) of described steel ring (52) outer surface, the inner ring of described steel ring (52) is provided with tie down screw (521).

3. harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described harvesting and tillage machine also comprises the ploughshare mouth device (8) being positioned at described engine foundation (3) below, described ploughshare mouth device (8) comprises ploughshare mouth fixed mount (81), ploughshare mouth connector (82) and Hua Kou (83), described ploughshare mouth fixed mount (81) is fixedly connected on the below of described frame, elevating screw (84) is provided with between described ploughshare mouth fixed mount (81) and described ploughshare mouth connector (82), described ploughshare mouth connector (82) can be moved up and down relative to described ploughshare mouth fixed mount (81) by described elevating screw (84), ploughshare mouth rotating shaft (85) is provided with between described ploughshare mouth connector (82) and described Hua Kou (83), described Hua Kou (83) can with described ploughshare mouth rotating shaft (85) for center of rotation be rotated.

4. harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described ploughshare mouth device (8) also comprises ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel (86), the top that described ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel (86) is positioned at described ploughshare mouth rotating shaft (85) through described ploughshare mouth connector (82) and with the root joint of described Hua Kou (83), described Hua Kou (83) regulates described Hua Kou (83) with described ploughshare mouth rotating shaft (85) for center of rotation carries out the angle of rotating by described ploughshare mouth angle adjustment screw mandrel (86).

5. harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described engine (2) is pull-type air-cooled diesel engine, described pull-type air-cooled diesel engine comprises fuel tank, accelerator device and throttle bowden cable (21), described accelerator device is arranged on described fuel tank, one end of described throttle bowden cable (21) is docked with described accelerator device, its other end is provided with rotary knob, described rotary knob is fixedly installed on described operation handrail (7), described rotary knob regulates size and the switch of described accelerator device by described throttle bowden cable (21).

6. harvesting and tillage machine according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, described deceleration changement comprises decelerator, high speed shaft mechanism (9) and changement (10), and described decelerator is installed on the other end of described high speed shaft mechanism (9); Described changement (10) is positioned at the top of described high speed shaft mechanism (9), and described changement (10) comprises reversing shaft (101) and lays respectively at the reverse belt pulley (102) at reversing shaft (101) two ends and retreat shift fork (103); Described high speed shaft mechanism (9) is fixedly connected with described frame, described high speed shaft mechanism (9) comprises high speed shaft (91) and is positioned at belt pulley (92) and the advance shift fork (93) of described high speed shaft (91) one end, described advance shift fork (93) is positioned at the outside of described belt pulley (92), and described reverse belt pulley (102) is all positioned on same vertical plane with described high speed shaft (91) with described belt pulley (92), described reversing shaft (101).

7. harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the front and back of described retrogressing shift fork (103) and described advance shift fork (93) are equipped with the fine setting screw thread (11) for regulating shift fork gap.

8. harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described high speed shaft mechanism (9) also comprises discoidal clutch (94), described clutch (94) is friction plate clutch, two faces of the disk of described clutch (94) are fixed with a friction plate respectively, described clutch (94) is positioned on described high speed shaft (91), and is positioned at the inner side of described belt pulley (92).

9. harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 8, is characterized in that, two outer surfaces of described disk are welded with a pad respectively, and described pad with one heart and which is provided with retainingf key; Described high speed shaft (91) is provided with the keyway matched with described retainingf key.

10. harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the periphery of described reverse belt pulley (102) is provided with the stepped right V-type groove (1021) of twice and left V-type groove (1022), described right V-type groove (1021) for opening radian be the A type groove of 38 °, described left V-type groove (1022) for opening radian be the Type B groove of 34 °.