CN204188416U - Low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas - Google Patents
Low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN204188416U CN204188416U CN201420689366.XU CN201420689366U CN204188416U CN 204188416 U CN204188416 U CN 204188416U CN 201420689366 U CN201420689366 U CN 201420689366U CN 204188416 U CN204188416 U CN 204188416U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas, and this device comprises the particle sampling inserting tube (100), flue gas drying Dehumidifying element (200), the large discharge automatic sampling instrument (300) that connect successively.This method of testing specify that sampling testing procedure and quality assurance measure.This method of testing be applicable to flue-gas temperature be in water dew point interval, moisture-saturated and containing liquid water droplets, particle concentration is lower than 10mg/m
3 (standard state dry flue gas)measurement.Compared with prior art, the utility model has the test advantage such as accurate, easy and simple to handle.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of low concentrations of particulates thing assay method, and in particular to the determinator of the low concentrations of particulates thing under a kind of coal-fired plant flue gas moisture-saturated state.
Background technology
Environmental protection for electric power flue gas polution control object mainly particle, sulphuric dioxide and oxides of nitrogen.Typical case's flue gas pollutant control technology route focuses on denitration, dedusting and desulfurization.After flue gas desulfurization, desulfurization exit gas temperature is low to moderate water dew point (about 50 DEG C), moisture-saturated, and is mingled with aqueous water, and particle concentration is generally 20mg/m
3 (standard state dry flue gas).In order to realize ultra-clean discharge, the utilization of the technology such as low low temp. electric dedusting or wet-esp, makes flue gas particle substrate concentration more be low to moderate 10mg/m
3 (standard state dry flue gas)below.Bring the test problems of pollutant levels thereupon, if still continue to use traditional measurement method, affect by various factors in flue gas, measurement result will be brought larger measuring error (uncertainty of measurement) into and cannot reflect actual conditions.
In conventional flue gas particle measurement standard (as GB16157-1996) define flue-gas temperature (70 ~ 80) DEG C above (all apparently higher than aqueous dew point temperature about 50 DEG C), humidity suitable not containing the flue gas environment of aqueous water in the process of measurement of particle, and measurement concentration is greater than 50mg/m usually
3 (standard state dry flue gas), uncertainty of measurement is generally 5% ~ 10%.
The low temperature of desulfurization exiting flue gas, moisture-saturated, containing aqueous water and particle concentration is on the low side etc. that undesirable element all has influence on measuring accuracy.General measuring method adopts gravimetric method, made by alkali-free glass fibre, particle diameter is greater than the very high filter cylinder of the arresting efficiency of 0.3 μm and filters smoke collecting particle, measures flue gas particle substrate concentration by filter cylinder weightening finish with the ratio unit of account volume particles material amount of smoke collecting volume.In measuring process, there are the following problems: 1. because the aqueous water of high-humidity gas fume is trapped within filter cylinder, cannot evaporate at the interval moisture of aqueous dew point temperature and be collected in filtering layer, smoke filtration resistance is caused to raise, the stressed increase of filter cylinder, simultaneously because filtering layer is moisture, the fiber cementability of compacting in filtering layer reduces, and is easy to penetrate, makes measurement invalid in lasting pumping process; 2. in flue gas, aqueous water have accumulated a large amount of fine particle, Particle distribution unevenness in flue gas is significantly increased, built in flue structural member (reinforcement, support etc.) exacerbates degree of irregularity, and measured value will be made higher when collecting drop in measurement, measuring error is bigger than normal; 3. because particle concentration in flue gas is very low, the sampling time must be extended, increase sampling volume, during filter cylinder is weighed, adopt ten thousand/balance can away from detection limit, to ensure that the control errors that weighs within the acceptable range.But because smoke moisture is very large, has influence on filter cylinder greatly and continue the sampling time, large volume sampling cannot be realized.To sum up, adopt general measuring method not to be suitable for the flue gas environment of high humidity low temperature, low concentrations of particulates thing cannot be measured.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is exactly provide a kind of to overcome defect that above-mentioned prior art exists to test in pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas accurate, easy and simple to handle low concentrations of particulates thing sampling method of testing.
The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas, it is characterized in that, this device comprises the particle sampling inserting tube, flue gas drying Dehumidifying element, the large discharge automatic sampling instrument that connect successively:
Described particle sampling inserting tube comprises isokinetic sampling's mouth, preposition upsampling filter, sampling pipe, pitot tube and sampling inserting tube heating system, described isokinetic sampling's mouth connects sampling pipe by preposition upsampling filter, and this preposition upsampling filter and sampling pipe are placed in samples in inserting tube heating system;
Described flue gas drying Dehumidifying element comprises sampling flexible pipe, pressure transmits flexible pipe, surge tank, drying chamber, sampling reverse checkvalve, described sampling pipe connects surge tank, drying chamber, sampling reverse checkvalve successively by sampling flexible pipe, is then connected to large discharge automatic sampling instrument; Described pressure transmits flexible pipe one end and connects pitot tube other end connection large discharge automatic sampling instrument;
Described large discharge automatic sampling instrument comprises automatic sampling controller, large discharge sampling pump, and the power supply of large discharge sampling pump and control line are connected to automatic sampling controller.
Described isokinetic sampling's mouth adopts with the front end of preposition upsampling filter and is threaded, and isokinetic sampling's mouth is replaceable;
The front end of described preposition upsampling filter is bend pipe, and box held by the built-in filter membrane in rear end, and this filter membrane is held in box and can be installed the filter membrane that diameter is 40mm.
Outer and the sampling pipe outer cladding sampling inserting tube heating system of described preposition upsampling filter, this sampling inserting tube heating system is provided with temperature controller, controls heating-up temperature up to 300 DEG C.
Described sampling pipe is sized to different length according to flue, ensures the point layout of flue Measure section.
Described pitot tube adopts S type, and two pipes are arranged in backrest shape, and the length of its length and particle sampling inserting tube matches, pitot tube and sampling inserting tube integrative installation technology, or detached type is installed; Two pitot tubes transmit flexible pipe with two pressure respectively and are connected.
Described sampling flexible pipe is divided into two sections, and leading portion sampling flexible pipe and surge tank, drying chamber and back segment are sampled flexible pipe tandem, and drying chamber outlet back segment flexible pipe of sampling is connected to the air entry of large discharge automatic sampling instrument, arranges sampling reverse checkvalve before air entry.
Described sampling flexible pipe and pressure transmit hose length and are consistent; Vacant or the built-in hydrogen peroxide of described surge tank, play a part buffering with retain flue gas carry aqueous water or rise cushion, retain flue gas carry aqueous water with wash sour gas, the built-in discolour silica gel of described drying chamber absorbs flue gas residual humidity, the flue gas making suction large discharge automatic sampling instrument is drying regime, two pressure transmit the dynamic pressure pass-through that flexible pipe is connected to large discharge automatic sampling instrument, and flue gas dynamic pressure is passed to large discharge automatic sampling instrument.
The described device of a kind of employing carries out low concentrations of particulates thing sampling method of testing in pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas, and it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) weight of accurate weighing filter membrane, and two kinds of filter membranes are installed hold in box in filter membrane, wherein a filter membrane does not participate in sampling as blank filter membrane, and the heating-up temperature of setting sampling inserting tube heating system, carries out preheating to particle sampling inserting tube;
(2) particle sampling inserting tube is stretched into flue gaging hole, be placed on first measuring point of needs measurement, connect large discharge automatic sampling instrument, be set to dynamic pressure automatic following sample pattern, according to lasting sampling time and the total number of sample points of setting, with equal angle sampling principle, set the sample duration of each sampled point;
(3) open large discharge automatic sampling instrument, flue gas sucks from isokinetic sampling's mouth by large discharge sampling pump, enters large discharge automatic sampling instrument successively after preposition upsampling filter, sampling pipe, sampling flexible pipe, surge tank, drying chamber, sampling reverse checkvalve; Automatic sampling controller regulates sampling flow automatically according to the measurement result of measuring point flue gas dynamic pressure, and keep isokinetic sampling, after completing the first point sampling, sampling inserting tube is moved to second point position and samples, inserting tube is moved in pointwise, until sampled;
(4) filter membrane after sampling and blank filter membrane is taken out, and accurate weighing filter membrane weight, the gain in weight of calculating sampling filter membrane, and the mass change of blank filter membrane;
(5) with wash bottle washing isokinetic sampling's mouth and the upsampling filter front end bend pipe of built-in high purity water, washings are collected in measuring cup, the gain in weight and the measuring cup environment that calculate measuring cup are blank, thus draw particle concentration=(filter membrane weightening finish-filter membrane blank+measuring cup weightening finish-measuring cup environment is blank)/standard state dry flue gas sampling volume.
Described filter membrane adopts glass fiber filter or quartz fibre filter membrane, retains efficiency >=99% to 0.3 μm of standard particle;
Described measuring cup adopts the measuring cup of Pyrex system or quartz glass φ 60mm × h30mm;
The flow range of described isokinetic sampling's mouth is 60L/min ~ 110L/min, and the suction of described large discharge sampling pump is-6kPa.
The utility model have developed be applicable to flue-gas temperature be in water dew point interval, moisture-saturated and containing liquid water droplets, particle concentration is lower than 10mg/m
3 (standard state dry flue gas)measuring method.
The utility model be applicable to flue-gas temperature be in water dew point interval, moisture-saturated and containing liquid water droplets, the flue gas particles sampling system of built in flue formula that particle concentration is lower heating inserting tube, membrane filtration, configuration large volume sampling pump.
The utility model worked out be applicable to flue-gas temperature be in water dew point interval, moisture-saturated and containing liquid water droplets, particle concentration is lower than 10mg/m
3 (standard state dry flue gas), relate to prepare from sampling instrument/system, filter membrane weighs the particle measurement quality control program/step with overall processes such as revising, particle all gathers before and after sampling.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has formulated low concentrations of particulates thing measuring method in stationary pollution source moisture-saturated low-temperature flue gas.Compared with existing particle measurement standard GB16157-1996 " fixed-contamination thing be vented in particle measure and the gaseous contaminant method of sampling ", ensureing in identical measuring accuracy situation, many measures are taken in the measurement of moisture-saturated low-temperature and low-concentration particle, from eliminating or avoid saturated with moisture impact, Erecting and improving low concentration weighs and revised system, implement whole process quality control and improve the measures such as uncertainty of measurement, establish practicable measuring method.Compared with existing ISO 12141:2002Stationary source emissions-Determination of mass concentration of particulate matter (dust) at low concentrations-Manual gravimetric method, in adaptation moisture-saturated low-temperature flue gas, take certain measures, establish feasible sampling system.In the system of weighing, avoid the use of 100,000/balance, the method for being sampled by reinforcement weighing value correction and large volume, is reduced weighing threshold, makes this measuring method have more exploitativeness, is convenient to various conventional sense unit and uses.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas, be applicable to flue-gas temperature be in water dew point interval, moisture-saturated and containing liquid water droplets, particle concentration is lower than 10mg/m
3 (standard state dry flue gas)sampling, this device comprises the particle sampling inserting tube 100, flue gas drying Dehumidifying element 200, the large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 that connect successively:
Described particle sampling inserting tube 100 comprises isokinetic sampling's mouth 101, preposition upsampling filter 102, sampling pipe 104, pitot tube 105 and sampling inserting tube heating system 106, described isokinetic sampling's mouth 101 connects sampling pipe 104 by preposition upsampling filter 102, and this is put front upsampling filter and sampling pipe 104 and is placed in and samples in inserting tube heating system 106; Described isokinetic sampling's mouth 101 adopts with the front end of preposition upsampling filter 102 and is threaded, and isokinetic sampling's mouth 101 is replaceable; The front end of described upsampling filter 102 is bend pipe, meets the demand of technical standard of GB16157 standard.Box 103 held by the built-in filter membrane in rear end, and this filter membrane is held in box 103 can install the filter membrane that diameter is 40mm.Outer and the rearmounted sampling pipe 104 outer cladding sampling inserting tube heating system 106 of described upsampling filter 102, this sampling inserting tube heating system 106 is provided with temperature controller, controls heating-up temperature up to 300 DEG C, keeps filter membrane to be in drying regime all the time in sampling period.Isokinetic sampling's mouth 101 is replaceable, to keep the isokinetic sampling of particle.Adopt large discharge sampling instrument energy collection flue gas as much as possible, shorten the employing time, increase particle collection capacity, extremely important in low concentrations of particulates thing measures.Described sampling pipe 104 is sized to different length according to flue, ensures the point layout (usually at 1.0 ~ 4.0 meters) of flue Measure section.Described pitot tube 105 adopts S type, two pipes are arranged in backrest shape, and the length of its length and particle sampling inserting tube 100 matches, and pitot tube 105 makes the technical requirement meeting GB16157 standard, pitot tube 105 and sampling inserting tube 100 integrative installation technology, or detached type is installed; Two pitot tubes 105 transmit flexible pipe 202 with two pressure respectively and are connected.
Described flue gas drying Dehumidifying element 200 comprises sampling flexible pipe 201, pressure transmission flexible pipe 202, surge tank 203, drying chamber 204, sampling reverse checkvalve 205, described sampling pipe 104 connects surge tank 203, drying chamber 204, sampling reverse checkvalve 205 successively by sampling flexible pipe 201, is then connected to large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300; Described pressure transmits flexible pipe 202 one end and connects pitot tube 105 other end connection large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300; Described sampling flexible pipe 201 is divided into two sections, leading portion sampling flexible pipe 201A and surge tank 203, drying chamber 204 and back segment are sampled flexible pipe 201B tandem, drying chamber 204 outlet back segment sampling flexible pipe 201B is connected to the air entry of large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300, arranges sampling reverse checkvalve 205 before air entry.Described sampling flexible pipe 201 transmits flexible pipe 202 length with pressure and is consistent; Vacant or the built-in hydrogen peroxide of described surge tank 203, play a part buffering with retain flue gas carry aqueous water or rise cushion, retain flue gas carry aqueous water with wash sour gas, the built-in discolour silica gel of described drying chamber 204 absorbs flue gas residual humidity, the flue gas making suction large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 is drying regime, two pressure transmit the dynamic pressure pass-through that flexible pipe 202 is connected to large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300, and flue gas dynamic pressure is passed to large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300.
Described large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 comprises automatic sampling controller 301, large discharge sampling pump 302, and the power supply of large discharge sampling pump 302 and control line are connected to automatic sampling controller 301.Automatic sampling controller 301 has according to the parameter automatic bleeding regulating flow such as the flue gas dynamic pressure of perception, the cigarette temperature of input and humidity to ensure the function of isokinetic sampling's (flow velocity namely flowing in the velocity of flue gas of mouth of sampling and flue mouth point position of sampling is identical), also there is the constant flow sampling functions under setting flow, possess good human-computer interaction interface.
The maximum lasting sampling flow of large discharge sampling pump 302 can be greater than 110L/min, and suction is-6kPa.In sampling process, before the meter during large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 can record measurement automatically, pressure, meter front temperature, instantaneous delivery and accumulative sampling volume, calculate standard state dry flue gas sampling volume automatically.
Adopt said apparatus to carry out sampling experimental, concrete steps are as follows:
1 prepares
1.1 sampling membranes and measuring cup prepare
(1) from filter membrane box, take out appropriate filter membrane, check that filter membrane is intact one by one.
(2) prepare the valve bag placing filter membrane, valve bag external application marking pen carries out mark.
(3) prepare balance according to weighing program, require that sensibility of balance is 0.0001g, respectively with 0.5g and 25g standard test weight calibration balance, record deviation, respectively as the correction factor of filter membrane weighing value and glass measuring cup weighing value.
(4) filter membrane is put on the clean surface plate of numbered cleaning, then be split on porcelain dish.Baking oven is set to 105 DEG C, start and be warming up to set point, put into porcelain dish dry 2 hours, after drying completes, porcelain dish (filter membrane) takes out from baking oven, be moved rapidly into climatic chamber with glass desicator, climatic chamber state modulator exists: temperature 25 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity 50% ± 5%.Be cooled to design temperature (25 DEG C, about 30min, records cool time).
(5) one by one filter membrane is put back to glass desicator, move to balance room, take out from exsiccator, be placed on the scale pan and weigh, record take-off time, records weighing value and reading duration after weighing stable reading, put back to original surface ware again, put back to glass desicator, weighed successively by this program.
(6) surface plate filling filter membrane is reentered oven drying 30min, be cooled to design temperature (keeping identical with cool time first time, as 30min) after taking-up, again carry out weighing and record.If second weighing value deviation is lower than 0.4mg, with minimum once weighing value for the blank quality of filter membrane.If deviation is undesirable, dry 30min, weighs again again, until meet the requirements.
(7) weigh filter membrane and put into the valve bag prepared.Take valve bag time should note the order that marked, place successively by order from small to large and be recorded as filter membrane numbering.
(8) prepare
measuring cup (according to sampling quantity configuration respective numbers+2), numbering, clean.Put into the baking oven inner drying 2 hours being warming up to 105 DEG C.Weighing program as identical in filter membrane after taking out, constant weight, has weighed successively.
(9) filter membrane putting into valve bag after weighing and measuring cup unification being put into filter membrane box, using in order to bringing measure field into.
(10) filter membrane weighing value filter membrane correction factor calibrates to " true value ".Glass measuring cup weighing value measuring cup correction factor calibrates to " true value ".
1.2 sampling systems/instrument prepares
(1) sampling inserting tube 100, flue gas sampling removal moisture drying unit 200 and large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 is prepared respectively.
(2) sampling inserting tube 100 is prepared: check that each assembly is complete and intact, removable lining pitot tube 105 is parallel to be installed on sampling inserting tube, connect power supply, heating system temperature controller is set in 270 DEG C, heating system is preheated, observes heating-up temperature and whether reach set point, temperature stabilization and temperature controller normal operation.
(3) flue gas drying Dehumidifying element 200 is prepared: check that each assembly is complete and intact.Sampled by leading portion flexible pipe 201A, two pressure transmit flexible pipes 202 and are strapped in together with nylon cable tie.Connect leading portion sampling flexible pipe 201A, surge tank 203, drying chamber 204, back segment sampling flexible pipe 201B and sampling reverse checkvalve 205 in order successively, each junction should be well airtight.
(4) large discharge automatic sampling instrument is prepared.Check that automatic sampling controller 301 is intact with large discharge sampling pump 302 state.Connect automatic sampler 301 and large discharge sampling pump 302, then switch on power, the sampling parameter that start setting is virtual, be set in dynamic pressure automatic following sample pattern, constant flow sampling pattern respectively, test large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 respectively and whether normally operate.
(5) sampling inserting tube 100, flue gas removal moisture drying unit 200 and large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 is connected successively.Switch on power, automatic sampling instrument 300 start is set in constant flow and adopts pattern, and setting sampling flow is 80l/min, runs.Check the impermeability of whole sampling system, after isokinetic sampling's mouth 101 of particle sampling inserting tube 100 is artificially closed, sampling flow should be reduced to below 5L/min, illustrate well airtight, otherwise check the sealing of each interface, change or adjust airtight bad place, this tests again, until reach requirement.
(6) take off preposition upsampling filter 102, filter membrane holds box 103, clean up with ultrasonic cleaner and high purity water, put into the baking oven inner drying 2 hours being warming up to 105 DEG C.Taking-up is cooled to room temperature, for subsequent use.
(7) prepare high purity water and put into wash bottle, for subsequent use.
2 sampling routines
Test before 2.1 samplings
(1) sampling system of above-mentioned preparation/instrument, filter membrane etc. is measured necessaries and bring to measure field.
(2) flue of measure field has offered gaging hole according to the technical requirement of GB16157 standard.The point layout mode specified according to standard carries out measuring point setting.
(3) in drying chamber 204, add appropriate discolour silica gel (about 2/3 height).Connect sampling inserting tube 100, flue gas removal moisture drying unit 200 and large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 according to accompanying drawing 1 mode, ensure well airtight.
(4) commercial gravimetric method smoke moisture tester is adopted to measure humidity of flue gas, measurement data input large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300.
(5) adopt the supporting armoured thermocouple of large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300, the method adopting GB16157 standard to specify measures flue-gas temperature, measurement data input large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300.
(6) the supporting sampling inserting tube 100 of large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 is adopted to predict the dynamic pressure of each sampled point flue gas and scope in flue with flue gas removal moisture drying unit 200, the sampling mouth suitable according to dynamic pressure measurement value selected size, and bend pipe front end sampling mouth 101 being installed to preposition upsampling filter 102.The sampling mouth used should make sampling flow be within the scope of 60L/min ~ 110L/min.
2.2 officially drawn sample
(1) from valve bag, take out filter membrane, box 103 held by the filter membrane putting into upsampling filter 102, screws preposition upsampling filter 102.Should notice that the hair side side of filter membrane is met to flue gas when placing filter membrane.Sampling raw readings paper records the valve bag numbering/mark of filter membrane used.
(2) take out another filter membrane from valve bag, be placed on filter membrane and hold in box, as the filter membrane of blank corrected.
(3) connect the power supply of sampling inserting tube heating system 106, setting temperature controller is to design temperature (as being set in 270 DEG C).Open and be preheated to set point.
(4) sampling inserting tube is stretched into flue gaging hole, be placed on first measuring point of needs measurement.Before sampling instrument 300 is opened, sampling mouth should back to flow of flue gas direction.Connect sampling instrument, be set to dynamic pressure automatic following sample pattern, and filter membrane numbering is charged to sampling instrument 300.
(5) according to lasting sampling time and the total number of sample points of setting, with equal angle sampling principle, the sample duration of each sampled point is set.As estimated sampling time 60min, amounting to 24 measuring points, then establishing every point sampling 2.5mm, amount to sampling time 60min.
(6) sample ready, open sampling instrument 300 carry out particle sampling.Before sampling instrument starts, rotate sampling inserting tube 100 and sampling mouth 101 is met to flow of flue gas direction.In sampling, sampling instrument 300 regulates sampling flow automatically according to the measurement result of measuring point flue gas dynamic pressure, keeps isokinetic sampling.After completing the first point sampling, sampling inserting tube is moved to second point position and samples.Inserting tube is moved in pointwise, until sampled.When changing sampling gaging hole, sampling instrument should suspend bleeds, and after waiting sampling mouth to be again placed on assigned position, row starts again.At sampling instrument interval, sampling reverse checkvalve 205 is in closed condition.
(7) after pointwise has been sampled in flue, take out inserting tube 100, open upsampling filter 102, open filter membrane and hold box 103, take out filter membrane with antimagnetic type tweezer, put into former valve bag, sealing.If having filter membrane to remain in filter membrane holds in box, application tweezers all put into valve bag residue.
(8) filter membrane being held in box the filter membrane making blank is put back in former valve bag, sealing.
(9) each sampling use filter membrane is done blank, and a collection of sampling uses two filter membranes as blank sample altogether.
(10) with wash bottle (built-in high purity water) washing sampling mouth 101 and filtrator 102 front end bend pipe, washings are collected in measuring cup, cover tightly sealing, horizontal positioned.Washing times requires more than 4 times.
(11) operate to preserve the data gathered on automatic sampling instrument 300.
(12) so far complete and once sample.
(13) so according to the work of 2.2 promptings, repeated sampling three times.
2.3 samplings terminate work on the spot
(1), after all having sampled, the power supply of sampling inserting tube 100 heating system 106 is cut off successively.Decompose sampling each assembly of inserting tube 100, each assembly of removal moisture drying unit 200 and automatic sampling instrument 300.
(2) automatic sampling instrument 300 is switched to data output mode, transfer the data group of having preserved, read and record data on raw readings paper.
(3) filter membrane after sampling and the filter membrane (having loaded in valve bag) making blank corrected are put into filter membrane box.
(4) instrument, equipment place original position.Gaging hole restores to the original state.
(5) clear up measure field, keep surrounding enviroment clean and tidy, restore to the original state.
After 3 samplings, particle collection capacity weighs
(1) balance is prepared according to weighing program.Requirement sensibility of balance is 0.0001g.Respectively with 0.5g and 25g standard test weight calibration balance, record deviation, respectively as the correction factor of filter membrane weighing value and glass measuring cup weighing value.
(2) filter membrane after sampling and blank filter membrane are taken out in valve bag, be placed on respectively on the clean glass surface ware of numbered cleaning, then put on porcelain dish.The corresponding relation that record valve bag numbering is numbered with surface plate.
(3) baking oven adjustment temperature to 105 DEG C, is warming up to set point.Filter membrane band glass surface ware puts into oven drying 2 hours together.
After (4) 2 hours, porcelain dish takes out from baking oven, filter membrane band glass surface ware is put into glass desicator together fast, move to climatic chamber (setting parameter is consistent with before sampling), be cooled to design temperature (being consistent before cool time and sampling).
(5) according to filter membrane numbering, the weighing time of sampling front filter is consulted in advance.
(6) filter membrane belt surface ware is put into glass desicator from climatic chamber, move to balance room.According to the weighing time of having consulted, one by one filter membrane is taken out (record take-off time) from exsiccator, be placed on the scale pan and weigh, etc. recording weighing value and reading duration after stable reading, then putting back to original surface ware, having weighed successively.
(7) filter membrane belt surface ware is reentered oven drying 30min, be cooled to room temperature (running program, as front, is consistent before cool time and sampling) after taking-up, again carry out weighing and record.If second weighing value deviation is lower than 0.4mg, with minimum once weighing value be sample after the quality of filter membrane.If undesirable, again dry, until meet deviation requirement.
(8) identical cooling-weighing program is adopted, the blank filter membrane of constant weight.
(9) glass measuring cup moisture in 105 DEG C of baking ovens evaporates until dry.Adopt identical cooling-weighing program, bottle (not containing bottle cap) is weighed, and completes constant weight.
(10) identical cooling-weighing program is adopted, the blank measuring cup of constant weight.
(11) filter membrane weighing value filter membrane correction factor calibrates to " true value ".Glass measuring cup weighing value measuring cup correction factor calibrates to " true value ".
4 data processings and calculating
(1) according to the forward and backward identical numbering filter membrane quality (through revised " true value ") taken of sampling, filter membrane weightening finish is calculated, as the particle quality that filter membrane gathers.
(2) in like manner calculate the mass change of blank filter membrane, get the correction factor of mean value as filter membrane environment blank of the mass change of two blank filter membranes.
(3) according to the forward and backward identical numbering measuring cup quality (through revised " true value ") taken of sampling, measuring cup weightening finish is calculated, as the particle quality be deposited in sampling in sampling mouth and filter front bend pipe.
(4) in like manner calculate the mass change of blank measuring cup, get the correction factor of mean value as measuring cup environment blank of two blank measuring cup mass change.
(5) according to the corresponding relation of filter membrane, measuring cup and sampling parameter in raw readings, unit of account volume particles substrate concentration:
(6) particle concentration=(filter membrane weightening finish-filter membrane blank+measuring cup weightening finish-measuring cup environment is blank)/standard state dry flue gas sampling volume
Wherein: particle concentration, mg/m
3; Filter membrane, measuring cup increase weight, mg; Standard state dry flue gas sampling volume, m
3
(7) mean value of three Sampling particles substrate concentrations is got as this flue particle concentration.
5. measure whole process quality control
For controlling Detection job, ensure the accuracy of measurement data, the whole process quality control measure taked is as follows:
(1) filter membrane is selected; Filter membrane adopts glass fiber filter or quartz fibre filter membrane, newly purchases filter membrane and checks quality certificate, requires to retain efficiency >=99% to 0.3 μm of standard particle.New filter membrane visual examination, face texture is fine and smooth, even, is certified products without flaws such as pinpricks.New filter membrane in advance 180 DEG C of high-temperature bakings 2 hours, then with cooling-weigh program at 180 DEG C, the parameter constant weight filter membrane of dry 30min.If filter membrane still maintained weight loss after 3 times, by degradation, can not as the use of low concentrations of particulates thing sampling.Select the filter membrane of high temperature constant weight (deviation is lower than 0.4mg) as certified products adapted.
(2) measuring cup is selected: adopt Pyrex system or quartz glass system
measuring cup.Check that measuring cup bubble-free, bottleneck and bottle cap frosted seal tightly.Certified products washes clean (with washing lotion and high purity water), bottle and bottle cap is numbered and marks.Qualified measuring cup because of the composition selecting quality close a collection of, for subsequent use.Select the low-quality measuring cup of bottle as far as possible.
(3) Weighing system: adopt through assay approval ten thousand/, the balance of weighing precision 0.0001g.Balance be in temperature/humidity controlled, by balance technical requirement management environment in.Environment temperature about 25 DEG C during weighing, envionmental humidity about 50%.
(4) ultrapure water: select resistivity to be not less than 18.2M Ω cm, TOC concentration is not higher than the pure water of 30ppb.
(5) correction is weighed: adopt the standard test weight through calibration close to weighed object quality to calibrate balance in each weighing, symmetrical value carries out correction and obtains weighing " true value ", to reduce error effect.0.5g and 25g standard test weight is selected to be that standard is calibrated at this.Standard test weight manages according to standard substance program.
(6) same program weighs: from filter membrane box, take out appropriate filter membrane.Check that filter membrane is intact one by one.Prepare the valve bag placing filter membrane, valve bag external application marking pen carries out mark.Weigh 0.5g and 25g standard test weight, obtain the correction factor of filter membrane weighing value and glass measuring cup weighing value.Filter membrane is put on the clean surface plate of numbered cleaning, then be split on porcelain dish.Baking oven is set to 105 DEG C, starts and is warming up to set point.Put into porcelain dish dry 2 hours.After drying completes, porcelain dish (filter membrane) takes out from baking oven, is moved rapidly into climatic chamber with glass desicator.Climatic chamber state modulator exists: temperature 25 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity 50% ± 5%.Be cooled to design temperature (about 25 DEG C, cooling 30min, records cool time).One by one filter membrane is put back to glass desicator, move to balance room.Take out from exsiccator, be placed on the scale pan and weigh, record take-off time.Record weighing value and reading duration after weighing stable reading, then put back to original surface ware, put back to glass desicator.Weigh successively by this program.The surface plate filling filter membrane is reentered oven drying 30min, is cooled to design temperature (keeping identical with cool time first time, as 30min) after taking-up, again carries out weighing and record.If second weighing value deviation is lower than 0.4mg, with minimum once weighing value for the blank quality of filter membrane.If deviation is undesirable, dry 30min, weighs again again, until meet the requirements.Dry and weigh by weighing program after sampling.Before and after sampling, weighing program and weighing time are consistent.Measuring cup also weighs program by this and performs.The blank corrected coefficient of filter membrane and measuring cup also performs by this program.
(7) short run weighs principle: before test, short run is undertaken weighing (being no more than 10 parts) by weighing program, and the same day uses.
(8) blank coefficient correction.Get 2 parts of filter membranes, 2 parts of measuring cups, in sampling period, except being not used in sampling, all filter cylinder is the same circulates with sampling for all processes, revises using its mass change as blank error.
(9) sampling system metering: adopt as Fig. 1 sampling system, is made up of with large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 sampling inserting tube 100, flue gas removal moisture drying unit 200.Wherein adopt inserting tube can be heated to 300 DEG C, after sampling, filter membrane is dry.The heating-up temperature provided in sampling should higher than 250 DEG C.Large discharge automatic sampling instrument 300 through assay approval, and is in routine quality monitoring category, and before keeping extraction flow, integrated flow, meter, the parameter such as temperature, meter front pressure, dynamic pressure measurement value, static pressure measurement, flue gas temperature measurement value is in the deviation allowed.Dynamic pressure is sensitive from motion tracking.
(10) large discharge sampling: adopt large discharge sample mode, increases sampling volume, reduces the sampling time.Large discharge sampling is according to existing apparatus status and supporting control system, and flow range fixes on 60L/min ~ 110L/min.Volume is adopted to be not less than 3m
3, usual 3 ~ 5m
3.Particle collection capacity is not less than 5mg.
(11) grid is layouted isokinetic sampling's principle: adopt that gridding method is layouted, the parallel isokinetic sampling's method of pitot tube.Supporting sampling system possesses the function that automatic constant speed sampling is followed the tracks of in dynamic pressure.
(12) particle whole process is collected: collect the particle being deposited on filter membrane, collects the particle to all sampling pipe inwall depositions of filter membrane from sampling mouth simultaneously.Sampling mouth adopts milli-Q water with sampling bend pipe sediment and is collected in measuring cup.Gather particle with filter membrane and form an aerosol sample with sampling bend pipe deposited particles thing, the whole process realizing particle is collected.For avoiding the outmoded sediment impact of inserting tube front-end sampling pipeline of sampling, to sampling mouth and the Ultrasonic Cleaning also drying in advance of sampling bend pipe.
(13) by this sampling system, perform whole process quality control measure, in moisture-saturated low-temperature flue gas, carry out the sampling of low concentrations of particulates thing, its measured deviation lower than 10%, uncertainty of measurement about 15% (k=2).
Claims (7)
1. low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas, it is characterized in that, this device comprises the particle sampling inserting tube (100), flue gas drying Dehumidifying element (200), the large discharge automatic sampling instrument (300) that connect successively:
Described particle sampling inserting tube (100) comprises isokinetic sampling's mouth (101), preposition upsampling filter (102), sampling pipe (104), pitot tube (105) and sampling inserting tube heating system (106), described isokinetic sampling's mouth (101) connects sampling pipe (104) by preposition upsampling filter (102), and this preposition upsampling filter (102) and sampling pipe (104) are placed in samples in inserting tube heating system (106);
Described flue gas drying Dehumidifying element (200) comprises sampling flexible pipe (201), pressure transmission flexible pipe (202), surge tank (203), drying chamber (204), sampling reverse checkvalve (205), described sampling pipe (104) connects surge tank (203), drying chamber (204), sampling reverse checkvalve (205) successively by sampling flexible pipe (201), is then connected to large discharge automatic sampling instrument (300); Described pressure transmits flexible pipe (202) one end and connects pitot tube (105) other end connection large discharge automatic sampling instrument (300);
Described large discharge automatic sampling instrument (300) comprises automatic sampling controller (301), large discharge sampling pump (302), and the power supply of large discharge sampling pump (302) and control line are connected to automatic sampling controller (301).
2. low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described isokinetic sampling's mouth (101) adopts with the front end of preposition upsampling filter (102) and is threaded.
3. low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the front end of described preposition upsampling filter (102) is bend pipe, box (103) held by the built-in filter membrane in rear end, and this filter membrane is held in box (103) and is provided with the filter membrane that diameter is 40mm.
4. low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described preposition upsampling filter (102) outward and sampling pipe (104) outer cladding sampling inserting tube heating system (106), this sampling inserting tube heating system (106) is provided with temperature controller.
5. low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pitot tube (105) is S type, two pipes are arranged in backrest shape, the length of its length and particle sampling inserting tube (100) matches, pitot tube (105) and sampling inserting tube 100 integrative installation technology, or detached type is installed; Two pitot tubes (105) are transmitted flexible pipe (202) with two pressure respectively and are connected.
6. low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sampling flexible pipe (201) is divided into two sections, leading portion sampling flexible pipe (201A) and surge tank (203), drying chamber (204) and back segment are sampled flexible pipe (201B) tandem, drying chamber (204) outlet back segment flexible pipe (201B) of sampling is connected to the air entry of large discharge automatic sampling instrument (300), arranges sampling reverse checkvalve (205) before air entry.
7. low concentrations of particulates thing sampling test device in a kind of pollution source moisture-saturated flue gas according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sampling flexible pipe (201) and pressure transmit flexible pipe (202) length and is consistent; The described vacant or built-in hydrogen peroxide of surge tank (203), the built-in discolour silica gel of described drying chamber (204) absorbs flue gas residual humidity, and two pressure transmit the dynamic pressure pass-through that flexible pipe (202) is connected to large discharge automatic sampling instrument (300).
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| CN104359717A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-18 | 上海明华电力技术工程有限公司 | Device and method for sampling and testing low-concentration particulate matter in humidity-saturated flue gas of pollutant source |
| CN108362530A (en) * | 2018-03-25 | 2018-08-03 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of high humidity gas liquid-solid phase object sampling apparatus and the method for sampling |
| CN108572128A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-25 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of comparison method of granular material discharged monitoring system |
| CN109506995A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-03-22 | 永城煤电控股集团有限公司 | The auxiliary drying device of wet coal gas bearing capacity test |
| CN109557256A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-04-02 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of comparison method of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions monitoring system |
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