CN2040956U - Windmill with perpendicular shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a windmill with perpendicular shaft, which is characterized in that each blade can distinguish tail wind force and dead wind force by both inside and outside of the blades, in order that the maximal vertical receiving wind angle receives wind and the minimum horizontal exhausting wind angle exhausts wind to swing and rotate in time, and the action of width neutral balance which is generated by balancing device makes the receiving wind and the exhausting wind of the blades swing more flexible to achieve the purposes of generating high efficiency torsion; each blade can achieve purposes of convenient to adjust receiving wind energy, flexible to accept, etc. by means of the lift controlling device which is attached on the blades. The windmill with perpendicular shaft comprises a perpendicular axle shaft, horizontal hanging blades, blade balanced code rod and blades elevating rolling rigging. The utility model which has advantages of simple whole structure and easy construction is suitable for the pluralistic needs of society.

Description

Windmill with perpendicular shaft

A kind of vertical-shaft wind car, its blade installation can center on the rotor arm that rotates freely with the rectangular running shaft of wind direction, each blade all can be with maximum perpendicular exhaust angle wind-engaging and with minimum level air draft angle air draft, and this wind-driven vehicle also is equipped with blade balance device and rotor apparatus for controlling of lifting.

Existing hundreds of years above history of the appearance of wind-driven vehicle, wherein people are known the most, still be described as the sign and the symbol of Holland so far no more than holland type horizontal axis spiral wind-driven vehicle, this kind wind-driven vehicle, once widely utilized by other various countries successively, even occupy U.S. of lead in the development of science and technology status, still have many coastally and from far-off regions so far, still be provided with this kind wind-force laager, local supply farming and animal husbandry hydroelectric facility.In addition, still there is more multinational family updating former times device is arranged,, do not overcome the congenital shortcoming that existing wind-driven vehicle exists yet still there is more effective technological means so far to seek efficient wind-driven vehicle.With regard to above-mentioned representative horizontal axis propeller wind-driven vehicle is example, existing slurry arm is longer more easily to be torn open by wind and the rotating speed slow shortcoming that heals, add its wind-receiving face limited again entirely by its uphang aerial pivot outputting torsion, more be not easy to speedup, can't take into account big torsion and quick demand, lose its practicability gradually.

The vertical-shaft wind car has overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of horizontal axis propeller wind-driven vehicle, its advantage comprises and not being limited by wind direction, frame high tower in addition, the wind-receiving face extendibility is big, speedup is convenient etc., this kind wind-driven vehicle has multiple structure, as cup type anemoscope type and Puddle, Darrieus, type wind-driven vehicles such as Sabonius, but wherein there is no any structure and once overcome the common congenital shortcoming of this vertical-shaft wind car effectively, be that its car body is the boundary with its vertical shaft, face and adverse wind face respectively account for semicircle with the wind, under along contrary two sides stress equalization situation, still can't get rid of the suffered resistance of its adverse wind face effectively and also just have no way of bringing into play the due effect of face wind-engaging with the wind.

This creation has overcome the common drawback of above-mentioned vertical-shaft wind car, and its purpose is to provide a kind of social multiple demand that meets, and each blade all can be distinguished along the vertical-shaft wind car of power and rotation in time under its Equilibrator effect against the wind with both sides inside and outside it.

Now with the structural feature of this creation, the conjunction with figs. division is as follows:

This creation system is put by vertical axletree (1), each layer 1 translamella sheet (2,2), blade balance sign indicating number rod (3 or 4) and blade and lowering or hoisting gear is constituted.

A, wherein vertical shaft (1) is to be material with polygonal or tubing string with axial slide rail (5), static pulley (6) is set on its top, staff can reach part socket blade carriage (7) under it, is embedded with static pulley (6) and drum (8) under carriage (7).Above-mentioned technical characteristics is that string hangs over the horizontal extension blade of multilayer on the axletree (1), the control of lifting easily is provided and has placed facility.

B, the wherein combination of the horizontal extension blade of multilayer, comprise and support rachis (9,9 ') the axle pivot (10), blade rotor (9,9 '), balanced code rod (3 or 4), horizontal extension blade (2,2) and connect the chain bar (14 of each layer axle shaft tube (11), 14 ') wherein, (a) an axle pivot (10) is to be wrong friendship of an angle of 90 degrees mutually by three branch casings to do other connect or injection molded, vertical tube in three sleeve pipes is axle shaft tube (11), the characteristics of this sleeve pipe are and axletree (1) similar shape, and the groove (12) that coincide with axletree slide rail (5) is arranged, and can be, but must not tangentially reverse along axletree slippage up and down; A separate set of pipe is rachis sleeve pipe (17,17 '), and both are positioned at Different Plane, is the wrong friendship of an angle of 90 degrees level mutually, respectively is interspersed with this rotating shaft of rotating shaft (9,9 ') (9,9 ') in sleeve pipe (17,17 ') respectively in sleeve pipe (17,17 '); At above-mentioned sleeve pipe (17,17 ') two ends, the wide window (19,19 ') that is slightly larger than 90 radians is respectively arranged, in the rotating shaft (9,9) in window (19,19 '), the system of being plugged with is changeed bayonet lock (20,20 '), the commentaries on classics width of cloth in order to restriction rotating shaft (9,9 ') is no more than 90 degree scopes, and does not allow rotating shaft to slide to arbitrary end; Each end of rotating shaft (9,9 ') all have rank mouth (21,21 ') and penetration hole (22,22 ' ...), so that be connected the nose cone (23,23 ') of rachis cantilever (18,18 '), in this joining place periphery, add the cover pillar (24,24 ') and shared penetration hole by latch (25,25 ' ...) insert and to be connected and overlap and consolidate firmly; With pillar (24, the 24 ') joining place that slips away, with latch (25,25 ' ...) serve as dead axle, allow rachis cantilever (18,18 ') let droop and to tear open, so that loading and unloading.

(b), tie up to rachis cantilever (18,18 ') the horizontal extension blade blade (2 of splicing respectively, 2 '), this two blade is coaxial (9 of axletree (1) both sides, 9 ') go up mistake and be 90 degree angles alternately, and the system of accepting ships and resell on another market (20,20 ') the 90 degree amplitudes of oscillation restrictions that set, promptly allow two blades only can be mutually at its pendulum or face upward in the pendulum quadrant of bowing that sets, make blade on one side when the wind-engaging of best vertical position, the blade of another side can be in the air draft of optimum level position, because two blades are coaxial, and all do with tangential swing synchronously, the power-assisted so all can give and accept more increases the flexibility of blade oscillating; Another characteristics of this two blade are slightly to be convexly curved to the inboard of its 90 degree angle mutually, be allowed to condition at the flat blade of air draft position of stretching, entering the contrary boundary's leading edge moment of with the wind delivering personally, can borrow it slightly to be low inside and high outside arc convex, impression is from the pressure of outside windward and sagging becoming slightly to the crooked wind-engaging of face with the wind, make it to produce torsion to its concave surface and allow the blade of its offside in addition in sagging wind-engaging position, entering along adverse wind face boundary leading edge moment, also can borrow its little concave surface that is convexly curved to air-supply face, impression upwarps air draft from the holder power of inboard windward; Simultaneously and since the blade root rotating shaft of two blades part also with the blade inside bend of its angle in the same way, so all can produce crank effect, more strengthen the warping force of blade countershaft; The another feature of each blade is to utilize the thickness of blade, from blade root to the leaf tail by thick attenuation gradually, leaf margin in the outside also is wedge shape in it, so both can utilize original thickness to increase the shearing resistance and the road fluidity of blade, thickness-adding and increase the thickness of blade and then increase the exhaust resistance of blade or increase the weight of the extra duty of blade when swing in addition in addition not again, when utilizing present technique to make toy, for adapting to its polytrope needs.Also each blade can be moulded respectively and be made various wing moulding, arrange in pairs or groups mutually with pedipalpus balanced code rod, to increase its interest, activity, intelligence, enlightenment and artistry.

C, balanced code rod tie up in the rotating shaft of each blade offside, or on the rachis of the wrong friendship of two blades angle offside, oppositely interlocking has the simple lever sign indicating number rod or reconfiguration (++) type (3) the sign indicating number rod of appropriate balance gravity, so as to adjusting the distance between its laterally secondary sign indicating number excellent (28) and rotating shaft, enough balancing gravities are provided, like this, not only can save and be necessary for the space that the swing of horizontal bar type sign indicating number rod is kept, more can utilize this moulding to serve as the blade carrying handle; Be designed birds neck and the butterfly class antenna of toy for cooperating, can be various neck and antenna moulding with the derivation of former horizontal bar type sign indicating number rod, backswing provides greater flexibility to blade in order to increase (++) sign indicating number rod (3) in addition, (++) font code rod can be used instead two (Y) shapes (4), by the horizontal secondary sign indicating number rod (28 of two (Y) shape between homonymy pole, 28 ') the symmetrical balance gravity that provided, allow second mate's sign indicating number rod (28,28 ') when back and forth crossing over nearby in rachis vertical plane both sides respectively, can produce bigger positive and negative torque difference than simple lever and (++) font code rod, thereby save the flexibility that the balanced code rod takes up space and increases the blade backswing.

D, string are enclosed within the upward connection between each pivot (10) of axletree (1), by chain pin (13,13 ') that is positioned at each pivot (10) upper and lower end and the chain bar (14,14 ') that can do tangential doubling; Axle pivot at bottom is to connect by setting fastening (26) under it and lashing (27) with carriage (7) then, in order to adjust the bottom blade height and the upper limit; Upper end at top layer axle pivot, also have setting fastening (26) in order to be connect the control rope (15), to control static pulley (6) to the drum (8) of the other end of rope under the inboard of the static pulley (6) on axletree top, axletree (11) tube wall or the outside, blade carriage (16) again and finish linking, the lifting that can borrow rocking-turn and locking drum (8) to control each pivot reaches and is convenient to adjust windmill wind-engaging energy and is convenient to receive the purpose of using operation.

Now conjunction with figs. is described as follows (arrow represents that wind direction, blade system are set in the pendulum quadrant of bowing and make clockwise direction and rotate among the figure) with regard to the embodiment of the coaxial blade wind-engaging of the single group of this creation and air draft again:

Blade when coaxial two ends, when laying respectively at parallel with the wind direction suitable adverse wind face boundary line of 0 degree and 180 degree, under calm situation, system is 45 degree angle of depression stable equilibriums mutually and is treating on the wind position, this moment is respectively at the blade of last leeward, be low inside and high outside helical because of all having slightly to let droop, so all have with the effect of its flank impression from windward wind-force, in a single day when promptly wind being arranged, the blade that is positioned at windward can be with its little convex surface impression to face bending with the wind from the pressure of outside windward and sagging changing into slightly to the crooked wind-engaging of face with the wind, simultaneously, also can force the blade that is positioned at leeward to upwarp air draft; And be positioned at the blade of leeward, also can be alone upwarp to flat from the holder power of inboard windward and by sagging position and stretch the air draft of slightly reclinate position with its little concave surface impression to the adverse wind face bending, also accept simultaneously from the pendulum air draft of tilting upward of the power-assisted of last air blade, the power-assisted of giving and accepting mutually.Produced in the sine wave near completely on the occasion of waveform by the blade at face with the wind, the torsion of deflection clockwise direction then produces the resistance of nearly zero negative value waveform in the sine wave at the blade of adverse wind face; The blade for the treatment of leeward is respectively by its moment of face with the wind, just passed through the blade of face with the wind, because of being subjected to upwarp immediately to the air draft of air draft position from the holder power of adverse wind face relative speed of wind, also can force simultaneously and just enter the sagging wind-engaging of blade of face with the wind from adverse wind face, alternately wind-engaging air draft so mutually can obtain the power that continues.Especially since each blade all because of obtaining wide cut neutral equilibrium district that the balanced code rod provided and the not care about one's appearance district that suitably rebounds, more increased the flexibility of blade backswing, and because of its balanced code rod is the short pendulum of a rigid body gauge structure, also help the flexibility of blade backswing, reach the purpose that more is applicable to large, medium and small various high and low rotating speed wind-driven vehicle device.

Though the foregoing description is set at the pendulum of bowing with blade and does the clockwise direction rotation, also can in like manner it be changed into being set to face upward to put and do inverse time direction rotation.And the dorsal part grafting that the system commentaries on classics bayonet lock (20,20 ') that only need control the rachis commentaries on classics width of cloth changes from the rachis initial point gets final product.In like manner,, only do to go up lee gauge and exchange, also it can be set at the pendulum rotation counterclockwise of bowing, or face upward the rotation of pendulum clockwise direction if will be positioned at two coaxial blades at its primary plane.Its structural change is various, is of value to inspiring children's creative psychology.Consideration is than in the long radius wind-driven vehicle, and the blade pitgh of last leeward is from far away, and the wind-force of being experienced often influences to flowing with line because of unsteady wind, especially replaces moment when two blades are located on along adverse wind face, asynchronous rotation phenomenon can occur.For avoiding pining down resistance because of this phenomenon produces.The mid point of rotating shaft (9,9 ') should be cut apart and between each the inner of this cutting back rotating shaft, serial connection spring (29,29 '), mid point at sleeve pipe (17,17 ') inserts separation pin (30,30 ') again, and the window (19,19 ') at sleeve pipe two ends made proper extension, allowing system change bayonet lock (20,20 ') has enough extendable rooms, allows the blade (2,2 ') at coaxial two ends can borrow the serial connection of spring (29, the 29 ') power-assisted of giving and accepting mutually when doing synchronous rotation.As run into asynchronous or when slightly leading or hysteresis rotation difference, spring (29,29 ') can be cushioned, thereby avoid checking and balance and influence the flexibility of both rotations; Simultaneously, have the spring effects such as the outside landing of rotating shaft that are separated of the moving rotating shaft (9,9 ') of string and preventing back and forth in sleeve pipe that are separated that stop owing to separate pin (30,30 '), more rotating shaft provides retractile elastic space, so when blade suffered entad fitful wind impact, spring will cushion absorption wind-force; When blade is impacted by centrifugal fitful wind or when the wind-force increase influences the windmill rotating speed, spring is cushioned the wind-force of fitful wind and is done suitable stretching, extension with the power of centrifugal force.By stretching the radius that is increased, can reach the stabilized (steady-state) speed purpose.

In sum, the means that this creation provides and construction features, more known wind-driven vehicle has multinomial improvement, thereby can make all kinds wind-driven vehicle according to society and the market demand, as for society provides electric power system, then needs large-scale and ultra-large type device; As for the individual users such as supply rural area, remote districts, island family use, then need tear open frame conveniently, operate easy medium and small device; As make toy for children, then need take into account simple, inspire, safety, active lively and artistic mini device.

Below be the position description that concerns of this creation mark and assembly:

Fig. 1 is this creation three-dimensional oblique view.

Fig. 2 is this creation embodiment schematic representation.

Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B are this creation main structure stereogram.

Fig. 4 A creates the coaxial blade pendulum schematic representation of bowing for this.

Fig. 4 B creates coaxial blade for this and faces upward the pendulum schematic representation.

1 axletree, 2,2 ' blade, 3,3 ' two (+) shape balanced code rods, 4,4 ' (Y) shape balanced code rods, 5 axial slide rails or stupefied, 6,6 ' static pulley, 7 blade carriages (blade provides the safety installations of placing and locking in order to stop using), 8 drums, 9,9 ' blade rotor, 10 sharf pivots, 11 axle shaft tubes, 12 axle shaft tube grooves, 13,13 ' chain pin, 14,14 ' chain bar, 15 control ropes, 16 top layer axle pivot setting fastenings, 17,17 ' rachis sleeve pipe, 18,18 ' rachis cantilever, 19,19 ' sleeve pipe window, 20,20 ' rachis system is changeed bayonet lock, 21,21 ' rachis rank mouth, 22,22 ' rachis rank mouth runs through jack, 23,23 ' rachis cantilever is connected nose cone, 24,24 ' rachis cantilever is connected pillar, 25,25 ' rachis cantilever is connected latch, 26 bottom axle pivot setting fastenings, 27 bottom axle pivot lashings, 28 laterally secondary sign indicating number rods, 29,29 ' spring, 30,30 springs are separated pin.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of vertical-shaft wind car, appropriate balance sign indicating number rod (3 is equipped with by multilayer in system, 4) and can on vertical shaft (1), do lifting and receive the combination of the horizontal extension blade tear open and form, it is characterized in that the last string of vertical shaft (1) that is provided with axial slide rail or stupefied (5) overlaps the axle shaft tube (11) that matches with axletree slide rail or stupefied (5), each axle shaft tube (11) can slide up and down and rely on along axletree (1) can be to the chain bar of tearing open (14,14 ') connected, the top and the hypomere of axletree (1) are provided with static pulley (6 respectively, 6 '), the blade carriage (7) that drum (8) is housed is socketed in axletree (1) hypomere, lashing (27) is to connect bottom axle shaft tube (11) with carriage (7), control rope (15) one ends are connected with the top layer axle shaft tube, and its other end is through the static pulley (6) on axletree top, the inboard of axle shaft tube or the outside, the static pulley of axletree hypomere (6 ') is to drum (8), in order to the lifting of control axle shaft tube.

2, wind-driven vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the upward other at right angles wrong rachis sleeve pipe of handing over (17 of two levels that connects of axle shaft tube (11), 17 '), each rachis sleeve pipe (17,17 ') intert two ends respectively the blade rotor (9 of rank mouth is respectively arranged, 9 '), with latch (25,25 ') linking outer end edge extension blade (2,2 ') cantilever (18,18 ') same rotating shaft (9,9 ') blade mistake in rotating shaft of cantilever outer end is 90 degree angles alternately, respectively there is the window (19 that is slightly larger than 90 radians at above-mentioned rachis sleeve pipe two ends, 19 ') the interior rotating shaft (9 of this window, 9 ') last grafting rachis system commentaries on classics bayonet lock (20,20 ').

3, wind-driven vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that horizontal extension blade is positioned at two blades (2,2 ') on coaxial (9,9 ') together with its blade root rotating shaft, equal inboard arc-shaped bends slightly of its 90 degree angle in the same way, cantilever (18,18 ') joining place is equipped with the pillar (24,24 ') of the joining place that can slip away, latch (25) can make cantilever (18,18 ') let droop and tear open as dead axle, blade (2,2 ') agree to its arc blade face from blade root to leaf tail and leaf to both sides by thick attenuation.

4, wind-driven vehicle as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the rotating shaft (9,9 ') in the rachis sleeve pipe (17,17 ') is divided into two sections, spring (29,29 ') is contained in to be divided between the rotating shaft serial connection equally and constitutes coaxial, insert in the middle of the above-mentioned sleeve pipe and separate pin (30,30 ') the separation of the spring between rotating shaft location, spring (29,29 ') changes under bayonet lock (20, the 20 ') restriction in system with rotating shaft in position, rotates in the 90 degree scopes that it sets.

5, wind-driven vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that each blade (2,2 ') offside or wrong rachis arbitrfary point interlocking (++) font code rod (4) or two (Y) the font code rod (3) of handing over the angle offside, (Y) font code rod homonymy props up the secondary sign indicating number rod of cross-over connection (28) between rod.

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