CN204086016U - A kind of compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation - Google Patents
A kind of compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation Download PDFInfo
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- CN204086016U CN204086016U CN201420544762.3U CN201420544762U CN204086016U CN 204086016 U CN204086016 U CN 204086016U CN 201420544762 U CN201420544762 U CN 201420544762U CN 204086016 U CN204086016 U CN 204086016U
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Abstract
A kind of compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation, load transducer is loaded on the fixed cross beam of Material Testing Machine through connector, Material Testing Machine there is moving beam, comprise test bodies, test bodies inner chamber comprises sample cavity, test chamber, volume compensation chamber, reference cavity, sample cavity is connected with test chamber, and test chamber is connected with volume compensation chamber; Sample one end is connected with load transducer through connecting link, the sample other end is connected with mobile pull bar one end, and through test chamber in the middle part of mobile pull bar, the mobile pull bar other end is connected with moving beam, volume compensation chamber has volume compensation bar, volume compensation bar is connected with moving beam; Volume calibration system is connected with volume compensation chamber; Differential pressure measuring system is connected with reference cavity, test chamber; Pressure charging system one end is connected with reference cavity, and the other end is connected with test chamber or volume compensation chamber.The utility model can monitor sample unilateral stretching cubic deformation amount, the perfect evaluation method of composite sample mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation.
Background technology
20th century first half leaf, the researchist of elastic body research field finds that particles filled elastic body is determining stress and strain not always retention wire sexual intercourse in unidirectional tensile stress strain curve under strain rate condition, along with strain increase, stress starts hysteretic strain.In composite body, show " unsticking " generation cavity and adhesive substrate individual chemical key between filler and adhesive substrate break to form microgap under effect of stress, this phenomenon is called " dehumidification "." dehumidification " occur while material body can there is volumetric expansion.In compound substance application, require that material is under effect of stress, " Stress resort strain " or " dehumidification " phenomenon occur more late better, " dehumidification " phenomenon of material occurs more late, represent that material can use under comparatively loose stress condition, show that this material has better application prospect.
The mechanical property of solid propellant occupies considerable status in solid engine design, the quality of Properties of propellant and the stability of solid engines work closely bound up.Solid engines designer, except requiring propellant and having higher modulus, tensile strength, length growth rate, also requires that propellant has higher " dehumidification " stress and strain.For the solid engines after long storage periods, corresponding aging condition must be simulated, to the mechanical property of the propellant after its storage, comprise " dehumidification " stress and strain and carry out test and evaluation, to ensure that the solid engines working stability after storing possesses the various mechanical properties comprising " dehumidification " stress and strain reliably.Therefore the test tool of " dehumidification " stress and strain of propellant is of great significance.
" dehumidification " occur while material body can there is volumetric expansion, therefore the volumetric expansion of test material body just accurately can judge that " dehumidification " starts stress, the strain of generation, the size of volumetric expansion is relevant to " dehumidification " degree, volumetric expansion is larger, " dehumidification " is more serious, shows that the performance of material under corresponding conditions is poorer.The volumetric expansion of test material in unilateral stretching process becomes measurement, evaluating material in a kind of important means of corresponding conditions " dehumidification ".
Compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion test is the basis of carrying out compound substance unilateral stretching process " dehumidification " research, assessment material performance quality.Domestic device and the standard still not having the compound substance unilateral stretching volumetric expansion tests such as solid propellant at present, cannot accurately test compound material " dehumidification " stress when unilateral stretching, strain.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation, can realize the composite samples such as solid propellant temperature range be-70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C, pressure limit is 0MPa ~ 8.0MPa, draw speed scope be 0.05mm/min ~ 1000mm/min condition under the long-pending test of expanding of unidirectional extrusion, can monitored over time sample different pressures, sample unilateral stretching cubic deformation amount under different constant strain speed, the perfect evaluation method of composite sample mechanical property.
The technical solution of the utility model is: load transducer is loaded on the fixed cross beam of electronic universal material testing machine through connector, universal testing machine is provided with moving beam, it is characterized in that: the test bodies comprising a band inner chamber, test bodies inner chamber comprises sample cavity, test chamber, volume compensation chamber, reference cavity, described sample cavity is connected with test chamber, sample cavity has a sample introduction window, actuating doors is equipped with through O-ring seal in sample introduction window place, and test chamber is connected with volume compensation chamber; Sample is loaded on sample cavity, sample one end is connected with load transducer through connecting link, the sample other end is connected with mobile pull bar one end, through test chamber in the middle part of mobile pull bar, the mobile pull bar other end is connected with moving beam, volume compensation chamber is provided with volume compensation bar, and volume compensation bar is connected with moving beam; Also comprise volume calibration system, differential pressure measuring system, pressure charging system; Described volume calibration system is connected with volume compensation chamber;
Described differential pressure measuring system one end is connected with reference cavity, and the other end is connected with test chamber; Described pressure charging system one end is connected with reference cavity, and the other end is connected with test chamber or volume compensation chamber.
Described volume compensation chamber is connected with test chamber through linker.
The below of described sample cavity is arranged side by side volume compensation chamber, test chamber, reference cavity; Nitrogen is filled in sample cavity, volume compensation chamber, test chamber, reference cavity.
The end cap for closed cavity described test bodies is equipped with.
Described end cap comprises the upper end cover in the test bodies being loaded on sample cavity place, is loaded on the bottom end cover in the test bodies at volume compensation chamber, test chamber, reference cavity place.Described upper end cover, bottom end cover are loaded in test bodies through bolt seal.
Described test bodies is loaded in insulation can.
The compensation bar two that described volume compensation bar comprises compensation bar one, is connected with compensation bar one; The cross-sectional area of compensation bar one is S1, and the cross-sectional area of compensation bar two is S2, and the cross-sectional area of mobile pull bar is S, S=S1-S2.
Described universal testing machine is provided with data acquisition system (DAS), and data acquisition system (DAS) is connected with volume calibration system, differential pressure measuring system, pressure charging system respectively.
Described sample cavity, reference cavity are equipped with temperature sensor respectively, and each temperature sensor is connected with data acquisition system (DAS).
Described data acquisition system (DAS) comprises by the temperature collect module of the gas temperature in region residing for sample in temperature sensor Real-time Collection sample cavity and reference cavity, pressure acquisition module by pressure charging system collecting test chamber and reference cavity real-time pressure data, calibrated volumes acquisition module, the differential pressure acquisition module by differential pressure measuring system acquisition test chamber and the real-time differential pressure data of reference cavity and the acquisition controller for the synchronism, real-time and the frequency acquisition that control each acquisition module data acquisition.The data such as temperature, pressure, differential pressure, calibrated volumes, sample original size of data acquisition system, storage are used as the foundation of calculation sample unilateral stretching volumetric expansion.
This proving installation is arranged in the temperature-controlled cabinet of electronic universal material testing machine (abbreviation Material Testing Machine), is realized the stress-strain data collection in drawing process by Material Testing Machine.Before carrying out sample test, volume calibration system is utilized to calibrate the correlativity of differential pressure between the absolute change amount of test chamber gas possessive volume and test chamber, reference cavity.During sample test, the differential pressure of test chamber, reference cavity when gathering differently strained, thus the unilateral stretching volumetric expansion calculating the compound substance (comprising solid propellant) under corresponding test condition (pressure, temperature, strain rate).
Sample cavity is except having sample operation outdoors, and its internal via shape requires consistent with test chamber specification.Actuating doors and sample cavity body rely on O-ring seal bolt to be connected.Actuating doors require size to fit so that clamping, dismounting sample be advisable, simultaneously want can bear the gaseous tension being not less than 20MPa.Sample cavity and test chamber rely on O-ring seal bolt to be connected.Sample cavity, actuating doors body adopt 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel material.Require in sample cavity, ensure that the fixture energy non-resistance of clamped sample moves freely.Its volume should control at 200 ~ 400 ㎝
3in scope.
Compensated cavity inside must have suitable height, ensures that compensation bar and mobile pull bar have identical moving displacement.Compensated cavity relies on linker to be communicated with test chamber.Compensated cavity body adopts 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel material.There is between compensated cavity and compensation bar pressed gas dynamic airtightness.Cavity is wanted to bear the gaseous tension being not less than 20MPa.Its volume should control at 100 ~ 300 ㎝
3in scope, inner space height should be not less than 200mm.
Test chamber body adopts 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel material.Have pressed gas dynamic airtightness between test chamber and mobile pull bar, test chamber and sample cavity rely on O-ring seal bolt to be connected.Cavity is wanted to bear the gaseous tension being not less than 20MPa.Its volume should control at 100 ~ 300 ㎝
3in scope.
Reference cavity body adopts 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel material.Reference cavity is an airtight cavity with certain working pressure.Cavity is wanted to bear the gaseous tension being not less than 20MPa.
Pressure charging system must be connected with test chamber (or compensated cavity), reference cavity, and has good sealing, to ensure good impermeability.Pressure charging system is used for providing certain working pressure to test chamber (containing compensated cavity, sample cavity), reference cavity, has the function of pressure detection simultaneously.Pressure charging system is mainly containing compositions such as high-pressure air source (nitrogen), solenoid valve, nitrogen decompressor, stop valve, pressure-regulating valves (blowdown valve).Pressure charging system should be able to ensure that the pressure data detected can by data acquisition system (DAS) Real-time Collection.
Volume calibration system is arranged on compensated cavity, is used for carrying out precise hard_drawn tuhes and metering to the volume change Δ V that test chamber (containing compensated cavity) interior gas occupies during volume calibration.Its fixing fabric structure resolution should be not less than 0.03 ㎜
3.The volume measurement device of volume calibration system must can bear the gaseous tension of 8.0MPa, and can normally work.Volume calibration system should be able to realize data link with data acquisition system (DAS).
Volume compensation system is arranged on compensated cavity, comprises the compensation bar that two varying cross-sections are long-pending, has pressed gas dynamic airtightness between compensation bar and compensated cavity.Thinner compensation bar one end is carried out screw-threaded coupling with thicker compensation bar and is connected in compensated cavity, is connected between the other end and the moving beam of testing machine by left-hand thread (LHT) locking.The xsect product moment of two compensation bars, identical with the cross-sectional area of pull bar, under identical travel condition, the effect of competence exertion volume compensation.The effect of volume compensation system is: not clamped sample on fixture, when mobile pull bar pulls out in test chamber, ensures the constancy of volume that the hardware in test chamber (containing compensated cavity) occupies all the time.The maximum amount of movement of thinner compensation bar two in compensated cavity should be not less than 200mm, is also can test in a device to ensure to have comparatively high elongation rate sample.Compensation bar and mobile pull bar synchronizing moving are drawn in the movement of moving beam simultaneously.The movement of crossbeam can ensure that thicker compensation bar one, thinner compensation bar two, mobile pull bar three bars have identical moving displacement all the time, because the cross-sectional area of three bars meets the feature of claim 7, the constancy of volume that the hardware in test chamber (containing compensated cavity) occupies therefore can be ensured all the time.
Differential pressure measuring system is arranged on test chamber and reference cavity.Before volume calibration or before sample test, the air pressure in test chamber and reference cavity is identical.When differential pressure measuring system is used for volume calibration and sample test time the test chamber that causes because the interior gas possessive volume of test chamber (containing compensated cavity) changes (reduction) and reference cavity between the differential pressure that produces.Differential pressure measuring system and data acquisition system (DAS) can realize data link.
Temperature sensor is arranged on sample cavity and reference cavity respectively, for testing the gas temperature in sample cavity in sample area and reference cavity, to operating personnel provide judge two cavitys gas temperature whether unanimously and whether consistent with the temperature in sweat box foundation.The data that temperature sensor detects should be able to realize data link with data acquisition system (DAS).
Data acquisition system (DAS) should be able to ensure operating pressure data in test chamber (containing sample cavity, compensated cavity) and reference cavity and the differential pressure measuring data of the two, the calibration data (containing volume absolute change amount, differential pressure etc.) when gas volume absolute change amount is calibrated in test chamber and temperature sensor be detected to Real-time Collection and the record of data, and there is data link function simultaneously and between data conversion module, data, through data conversion module, finally calculate volumetric expansion amount.
The utility model possesses the test sample sampling die of two kinds of shapes, specification, preparation simultaneously has the analog sample of same shape, specification, compound substance unilateral stretching volumetric expansion under different temperatures, pressure, strain rate condition can be tested, the foundation that the mechanical property quality of the compound substances such as solid propellant can be provided to judge, has a good application prospect.
The utility model belongs to composite technology field tests, the volumetric expansion test of compound substance in unilateral stretching process can be carried out with the utility model, can assessment material " dehumidification " characteristic in unilateral stretching process, the quality of evaluating material, also can pass judgment on the performance of the material after various (acceleration) burin-in process.
The utility model compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
(1) when the utility model compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation adopts high-precision differential pressure transmitter (precision 0.05 grade) to realize different temperatures, the calibration of pressure condition lower volume by differential pressure measuring system and sample test time the test chamber that causes because the interior gas possessive volume of test chamber (containing compensated cavity) changes (reduction) and reference cavity between the differential pressure measuring that produces.Differential pressure data by data acquisition system, and finally calculates for sample unilateral stretching volumetric expansion amount (or percent).
(2) the utility model compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation realizes test chamber, the Stress control of reference cavity and adjustment by pressure charging system (containing high-pressure air source, reduction valve, pressure charging valve, safety valve, pressure-regulating valve, stop valve, pressure unit etc.).Adopt 0.5 grade, the display resolution pressure unit that reaches 0.001MPa can ensure the accurate setting of working pressure test condition.Because have employed pressure charging system, the utility model can not only test compound substance unilateral stretching volumetric expansion amount (or percent) such as solid propellant under normal pressure, also can test the stretching volume swell increment (or percent) under the pressure condition within 8.0MPa.
(3) the utility model compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation is used for carrying out precise hard_drawn tuhes and metering to the volume change Δ V that test chamber (containing compensated cavity) interior gas occupies by volume calibration system and analog sample, pressure charging system, differential pressure measuring system, thus the accurate measurement of correlativity between the differential pressure realizing Δ V and test chamber, reference cavity two cavitys.Its fixing fabric structure resolution should be not less than 0.03 ㎜
3.The volume measurement device of volume calibration system must can bear the gaseous tension of the highest 8.0MPa.
(4) constancy of volume that occupied by the non-sample solids that volume compensation system realizes in test chamber (containing compensated cavity) of the utility model compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation.The compensation bar long-pending especially by two varying cross-sections be arranged on compensated cavity and mobile pull bar are realized.Only have the difference of the cross-sectional area of two compensation bars equal with the cross-sectional area of mobile pull bar, just can play volume compensation effect.Volume compensation system of the present utility model avoids the phenomenon that the volume compensation caused because compensation bar is connected rigidity deficiency with mobile pull bar exists deviation, ensure that the accuracy of volume compensation.The compensation bar design of volume compensation system of the present utility model simultaneously ensure that the tensile strain that sample is enough, and absolute elongation amount reaches 200mm.
(5) the utility model compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation is by adopting rectangular parallelepiped or the cylindrical samples of regular shape, the volumetric expansion amount that energy assurance device records is produced by the sample being subject to ess-strain effect completely, thus the inconsistency of the volumetric expansion avoiding irregular sample to produce and strain, improve representativeness and the authenticity of volumetric expansion test result.
(6) the utility model compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation have employed the load transducer of external, avoid temperature to have an impact (sensor load exports all can be had " temperature drift ") to sensor load test, ensure that the accuracy of unilateral stretching stress test in volumetric expansion test process.
(7) the utility model compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation pressure charging system have employed additional safety feature, i.e. safety valve and pressure-regulating valve.The safe-working pressure of the safety valve in the utility model can artificially set, and maximum safe-working pressure is 8.0MPa, can guarantee volume dilatometer personal security in the course of the work.
(8) the utility model compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation can be used for research, evaluates, judges the compound substances such as solid propellant " dehumidification " performance under unilateral stretching effect of stress, rational judgment can be carried out to the mechanical property quality of the compound substances such as the compound substances such as solid propellant or the solid propellant after (acceleration) burin-in process according to this performance, thus provide guidance for the development of the composite-material formula such as solid propellant.Have advance in field of compound material such as solid propellants, have a extensive future, economic benefit is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sample.
Fig. 3 is sample cavity in Fig. 1, sample region cross sectional representation.
Fig. 4 is the utility model part of data acquisition schematic diagram.
Volume ~ differential pressure curve figure when Fig. 5 is analog sample volume calibration.
Pressure reduction ~ strain curve figure when Fig. 6 is test sample test.
Fig. 7 is sample cubical expansivity ~ strain curve figure during test sample test.
Fig. 8 is sample cubical expansivity ~ strain, stress ~ strain curve figure during test sample test.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, test bodies comprises sample cavity (8), volume compensation chamber (12), test chamber (13), reference cavity (14), pressure charging system (18), volume calibration system (15), differential pressure measuring system (17), data acquisition system (DAS) (20).Test bodies is placed in the suitable sweat box (4) of inside dimension that Material Testing Machine is equipped with, load transducer (2) is connected by the fixed cross beam of connector (1) and Material Testing Machine or base, and load transducer (2) is connected with the upper end cover (6) of sample cavity (8) by connecting link (3) simultaneously.Upper end cover (6) is tightly connected by the upper port of bolt (5) with sample cavity (8).Wherein sample cavity (8) is in-built accompanies sample (9), and sample (9) two ends are loaded on the fixture in sample cavity (8) through bonding head, and chamber wall is furnished with temperature sensor (10), for testing the temperature of sample cavity (8) interior sample area.Test chamber (13) comprises mobile pull bar (21), pressure charging system (18), differential pressure measuring system (17).Take dynamic seal (packing) to be connected between mobile pull bar (21) with bottom end cover (23), mobile pull bar (21) is connected with the moving beam (22) of Material Testing Machine.Test chamber (13) is communicated with by linker (16) with compensated cavity (12).
Volume compensation chamber (12) comprises volume compensation bar one (11), volume compensation bar two (19) and linker (16), and its outer wall surface is equipped with volume calibration system (15).Volume compensation bar one (11) is connected by integral type with volume compensation bar two (19), and linker ensures to there is not draught head between compensated cavity (12) and test chamber (13).Volume calibration system has the function of milscale, after measuring piston diameter, screw out the length of different piston, just can calculate the volume screwing out piston, be equivalent to the gas in piston press volume compensation chamber, gas possessive volume in test chamber obtains the reduction of same volume, gas pressure intensity can increase, now and a differential pressure between reference cavity, can be produced, this differential pressure is detected by differential pressure measuring system (17), the visible volume calibration system piston one that corresponds to screws out length, have a corresponding gas extrusion volume, also have a corresponding differential pressure simultaneously.The maximum calibrated volumes scope of volume calibration system is 1 ㎝
3~ 8 ㎝
3, volume calibration resolution 0.03 ㎜
3.Volume calibration system (15) and differential pressure measuring system (17) jointly realize differential pressure data correlativity between the interior gas space volume change of test chamber (13) and two cavitys (test chamber (13) and reference cavity (14)) and calibrate.The data of volume calibration system (15) realize collection, the storage of data by data acquisition system (DAS) (20) and process.Calibration data is as the foundation of calculation sample volumetric expansion during sample test.
Volume compensation bar one (11) on volume compensation chamber (12), volume compensation bar two (19) and mobile pull bar (21) synchronizing moving, ensure that compensated cavity (12) and the hardware in test chamber (13) occupy spatial volume constant.The cross-sectional area of three bars must meet following relation.All fill with nitrogen in test chamber, compensated cavity and reference cavity.
（Ⅰ）
Volume compensation bar (11), volume compensation bar (19) and volume compensation chamber (12) all adopt dynamic seal (packing), require to bear to be not less than 8.0MPa(gauge pressure) pressure, guarantee again smooth movement simultaneously.
Reference cavity (14) outer wall surface is equipped with pressure charging system (18), differential pressure measuring system (17).The serviceability temperature scope of differential pressure measuring system (17) is-70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C, working pressure range is 0MPa ~ 10.0MPa(gauge pressure), differential pressure test specification is 0Pa ~ 100KPa, numerical accuracy ± 0.05%F.S.The effect of reference cavity (14) is to provide a stable pressure, provides a benchmark measuring differential pressure between test chamber (13) and reference cavity (14) to differential pressure measuring system.Reference cavity (14) does not have specific requirement to volume, requires to be advisable can assemble pressure charging system (18) device, differential pressure measuring device (17) and temperature sensor (10) on reference cavity.Pressure charging system (18) is except having to except the effect of compensated cavity (12), test chamber (13) and reference cavity (14) supercharging, and also have the function regulating their internal pressures, detect absolute pressure, pressure is regulated and realized by pressure-regulating valve.The pressure data of pressure charging system (18) realizes the control of data, collection, storage by data acquisition system (DAS) (20).Stress control resolution is better than 0.001MPa, and acquisition precision is better than 0.5 grade.
Volume compensation chamber (12), test chamber (13), reference cavity (14) are integral type structure, and port flushes, and the port of volume compensation chamber (12), test chamber (13), reference cavity (14) is all tightly connected by bolt (25) and bottom end cover (23).Sample cavity (8) is connected by bolt seal with the upper port of test chamber (13).O type circle bolt seal is adopted between end cap and cavity port.
Mobile pull bar (21) in test chamber (13) applies the effect of tension under the traction of moving beam (22) to the sample in sample cavity (8), thus realizes extension test.Sample cavity (8) is designed with window, is provided with actuating doors (7), for clamping and dismounting sample.The data that temperature sensor (10) gathers realize storage and the process of data by data acquisition system (DAS) (20).
Universal testing machine is provided with data acquisition system (DAS) (20), and data acquisition system (DAS) (20) is connected with volume calibration system (15), differential pressure measuring system (17), pressure charging system (18) respectively.Data acquisition system (DAS) comprises temperature collect module, pressure acquisition module, calibrated volumes acquisition module, differential pressure acquisition module and acquisition controller.Wherein temperature collect module is by the gas temperature in the residing region of temperature sensor (10) Real-time Collection sample cavity (8) interior sample (9) and reference cavity (14).Pressure acquisition module and differential pressure acquisition module are by differential pressure measuring system (17) and pressure charging system (18) directly collecting test chamber (13) and reference cavity (14) real-time pressure data and differential pressure data.Calibrated volumes acquisition module completes the Real-time Collection that volume calibration system (15) carries out calibrated volumes data when volume ~ pressure calibration is tested.Acquisition controller is for controlling the synchronism of each acquisition module data acquisition, real-time and frequency acquisition.The foundation that data acquisition system (DAS) (20) gathers, the data such as temperature, pressure, differential pressure, calibrated volumes, sample original size of storage are used as calculation sample (9) unilateral stretching volumetric expansion.
The utility model Applicable temperature scope is-70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C, and the working pressure range of volume compensation chamber (12), test chamber (13), reference cavity (14) is 0MPa ~ 8.0MPa(gauge pressure), safe pressure 20 MPa, actuating medium is nitrogen.Test chamber, volume compensation chamber and reference cavity are nitrogen and fill.
In Fig. 2, sample (9) comprises test sample (composite sample, as solid propellant), analog sample, sample (9) has two kinds of different specifications: the right cylinder being respectively the rectangular parallelepiped of 15mm × 15mm × 70 mm, Ф 20mm × 70mm, the bonding head of swatched end bonded metal, bonding head material is LY12 alloy aluminum or A3 steel, and the selection bonding strength be required to meet under identical unilateral stretching test condition of bonding agent is greater than the tensile strength of composite body.The method preparation test sample adopt cast cured explosive, pressurizeing bonding.Machining goes out the analog sample of same shape, specification simultaneously, and analog sample material adopts 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel.
In Fig. 3, sample cavity (8) is the region of sample (9) clamping, dismounting, test, temperature sensor (10) is used for testing the temperature of sample (9) region, the data exported are delivered to data acquisition system (DAS) (20), and sample (9), when clamping and dismantle, needs opening operation door (7), actuating doors (7) adopts withstand voltage 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel, Men Tihou 15mm, is equipped with O-ring seal (24) between actuating doors (7) and sample cavity (8) body, rely on bolt-locking sealing.
Fig. 4 is the utility model part of data acquisition schematic diagram.Pressure charging system is to test chamber (13) (also giving compensated cavity (12)), reference cavity (14) simultaneously) supercharging, and export gas pressure intensity in corresponding cavity.Differential pressure measuring system is for detecting the difference of gas pressure intensity in test chamber (13) and reference cavity (14) two cavitys.Volume calibration system (15) is calibrated for the correlativity between the difference to gas pressure intensity in the test chamber (13) caused by the different variable quantity (known, to utilize the milscale functional realiey of volume calibration system) of test chamber (13) interior gas possessive volume and reference cavity (14) two cavitys.
Temperature sensor is for measuring the temperature in sample cavity (8) interior sample (9) space, region and the temperature with reference to intracavity gas.Above-mentioned various data gather by data acquisition system (DAS) (20).Stress-strain data acquisition module is another independently system, is that Material Testing Machine is intrinsic.The data of these two data acquisition system are all delivered to data conversion module, the conversion calculations of calibrated volumes, stress, strain, sample volume swell increment, expansivity can be realized, and finally calculate correlativity between differential pressure and volume calibration, unilateral stretching volumetric expansion (rate) and the correlativity between unilateral stretching volumetric expansion (rate) and ess-strain.
Test process of the present utility model is as follows:
(1) calibration sample and test sample preparation.Test sample utilizes particular manufacturing craft to prepare, the calibration rod iron (the two small difference can be ignored the impact of result) that preparation is simultaneously identical with test sample composite portions volume
(2) calibrate:
A) moving beam of Material Testing Machine (when requiring sample test, clamped sample is suitable in sample cavity) is in place adjusted.
B) rod iron and two metal adhesive heads identical with sample two ends are placed in sample cavity, the actuating doors in sealed sample chamber.
C) temperature of design temperature case is T.
D) be filled with the gas pressure intensity (as P01) of approximate specified working gas pressure P1 to all cavitys, in reference cavity, pressure is also P01.After the temperature in sample cavity and reference cavity also reaches T, the pressure in all cavitys is regulated to be P1 by the micromatic setting of pressure charging system
E) volume calibration system is adjusted, (in fact to extruding volume compensated cavity sample cavity, test chamber, compensated cavity communicate, in it, gas is squeezed simultaneously) in gas, its volume is made to reduce △ V, pressure can become large, becomes P2, now between test chamber and reference cavity, produces a pressure difference (P2-P1), this pressure difference by differential pressure measuring systems axiol-ogy, by data acquisition system, storage.The △ V different by volume calibration default, just to obtain different pressure differences (P2-P1), thus realize the calibration curve of volume and pressure difference.
(3) sample test:
A) fixed volume calibration system;
B) holding test samples in sample cavity, the actuating doors in sealed sample chamber.
A) temperature of design temperature case is T.
B) be filled with the gas pressure intensity (as P01) of approximate specified working gas pressure P1 to all cavitys, in reference cavity, pressure is also P01.After the temperature in sample cavity and reference cavity also reaches T, the micromatic setting by pressure charging system regulates, identical with the working gas pressure during calibration when making test, is also P1.
C) drive testing machine moving beam (moving down), cross beam movement drawing pull bar (21) applies pulling force (pulling force is detected by load transducer) to test sample, and cross beam movement displacement data and pulling force are gathered and storage by data acquisition system (DAS) (20).
D) test sample can extrude the gas in sample cavity in drawing process because of volumetric expansion, make the gas pressure intensity in test chamber high compared with the pressure in reference cavity, thus produce a pressure reduction, this pressure reduction by differential pressure measuring systems axiol-ogy, by data acquisition system, storage.
E) volume during combination calibration and the calibration curve of pressure difference, the test sample volumetric expansion amount that the pressure reduction detected time different stretch displacement (strain) when can obtain sample is corresponding, thus realize stretching volumetric expansion test, finally obtain the test curve of volumetric expansion amount and tensile strain, obtain solid propellant compound substance " dehumidification " stress under corresponding test condition (temperature, pressure, draw speed), strain from this curve.
Volume ~ differential pressure curve figure when Fig. 5 is analog sample volume calibration.Correlativity calibration curve in the test chamber (13) that volume calibration system records and reference cavity (14) two cavitys between the difference of gas pressure intensity and test chamber (13) interior gas possessive volume variable quantity.The maximum calibrated volumes scope of the calibrating installation of its volume calibration system is 1 ㎝
3~ 8 ㎝
3, volume calibration resolution 0.03 ㎜
3.In curve, Δ V is the absolute change amount of the interior gas possessive volume of test chamber (13) recorded by volume calibration device, test chamber (13) interior gas possessive volume is more and more less, gas pressure intensity in test chamber (13) is more and more higher, causes test chamber (13) also increasing with the difference DELTA P of gas pressure intensity in reference cavity (14) two cavitys.Δ V is recorded by volume calibration device, and Δ P is recorded by differential pressure measuring system.Δ V, the equal data acquisition system (DAS) of Δ P data (20) gather and storage.Volume ~ differential pressure curve figure (Δ P ~ Δ V calibration curve) when calculating corresponding analog sample volume calibration finally by data conversion module.
Pressure reduction ~ strain curve figure when Fig. 6 is test sample test.When wherein Δ P is sample unilateral stretching, the difference of gas pressure intensity in test chamber (13) and reference cavity (14) two cavitys, Δ P is recorded by differential pressure measuring system, and the data recorded flow to data acquisition system (DAS) (20).Strain is gathered by the stress-strain data acquisition module of Material Testing Machine.Pressure reduction ~ strain curve when the data of data acquisition system (DAS) (20) and the collection of stress-strain data acquisition module calculate sample test finally by data conversion module.
Fig. 7 is sample cubical expansivity ~ strain curve figure during test sample test.Volumetric expansion amount when Δ P data in Fig. 7 to be converted to sample unilateral stretching by the curve data in Fig. 6 by data conversion module, under the prerequisite of the dimensions before known sample test, data conversion module converts volumetric expansion amount to cubical expansivity, strain data in composition graphs 6, just obtains the cubical expansivity ~ strain curve of sample during sample unilateral stretching test.
Fig. 8 is sample cubical expansivity ~ strain, stress ~ strain curve figure during test sample test.Wherein stress ~ strain curve is realized by the inherent function of Material Testing Machine.Cubical expansivity ~ strain when the curve data of the computing function composition graphs 7 of data conversion module and stress ~ strain curve data just can obtain sample unilateral stretching, stress ~ strain diaxon curve map.In figure, left ordinate scale is stress (unit: MPa), and right ordinate scale is cubical expansivity, and horizontal ordinate is the unilateral stretching strain of sample.
The unspecified part of the utility model belongs to general knowledge as well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. a compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation, load transducer (2) is loaded on the fixed cross beam of electronic universal material testing machine through connector (1), universal testing machine is provided with moving beam (22), it is characterized in that: the test bodies comprising a band inner chamber, test bodies inner chamber comprises sample cavity (8), test chamber (13), volume compensation chamber (12), reference cavity (14), described sample cavity (8) is connected with test chamber (13), sample cavity (8) has a sample introduction window, actuating doors (7) is equipped with through O-ring seal (24) in sample introduction window place, test chamber is connected with volume compensation chamber (12), sample (9) is loaded on sample cavity (8), sample (9) one end is connected with load transducer (2) through connecting link (3), sample (9) other end is connected with mobile pull bar (21) one end, mobile pull bar (21) middle part is through test chamber (13), mobile pull bar (21) other end is connected with moving beam (22), volume compensation chamber (12) is provided with volume compensation bar, and volume compensation bar is connected with moving beam (22),
Also comprise volume calibration system (15), differential pressure measuring system (17), pressure charging system (18);
Described volume calibration system (15) is connected with volume compensation chamber (12);
Described differential pressure measuring system (17) one end is connected with reference cavity (14), and the other end is connected with test chamber (13);
Described pressure charging system (18) one end is connected with reference cavity (14), and the other end is connected with test chamber (13) or volume compensation chamber (12).
2. compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described volume compensation chamber (12) is connected with test chamber (13) through linker (16).
3. compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the below of described sample cavity (8) is arranged side by side volume compensation chamber (12), test chamber (13), reference cavity (14); Nitrogen is filled in sample cavity (8), volume compensation chamber (12), test chamber (13), reference cavity (14).
4. compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described test bodies is equipped with the end cap for closed cavity.
5. compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described end cap comprises the upper end cover (6) in the test bodies being loaded on sample cavity (8) place, be loaded on the bottom end cover (23) in the test bodies at volume compensation chamber (12), test chamber (13), reference cavity (14) place.
6. compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described test bodies is loaded in insulation can (4).
7. compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the compensation bar two (19) that described volume compensation bar comprises compensation bar one (11), is connected with compensation bar one; The cross-sectional area of compensation bar one (11) is S1, and the cross-sectional area of compensation bar two is S2, and the cross-sectional area of mobile pull bar is S, S=S1-S2.
8. compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described universal testing machine is provided with data acquisition system (DAS) (20), data acquisition system (DAS) (20) is connected with volume calibration system (15), differential pressure measuring system (17), pressure charging system (18) respectively.
9. compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described sample cavity (8), reference cavity (14) are equipped with temperature sensor (10) respectively, and each temperature sensor (10) is connected with data acquisition system (DAS) (20).
10. compound substance static mechanical unilateral stretching volumetric expansion proving installation according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: described data acquisition system (DAS) comprises the temperature collect module by the gas temperature in the residing region of temperature sensor (10) Real-time Collection sample cavity (8) interior sample (9) and reference cavity (14), by the pressure acquisition module of pressure charging system (18) collecting test chamber (13) and reference cavity (14) real-time pressure data, calibrated volumes acquisition module, by differential pressure measuring system (17) collecting test chamber (13) and reference cavity (14) the differential pressure acquisition module of differential pressure data and the synchronism for controlling each acquisition module data acquisition in real time, the acquisition controller of real-time and frequency acquisition.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106442195A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-02-22 | 上海华龙测试仪器股份有限公司 | Balance calibration device |
| CN109991100A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Tension and compression test system and method used in high-low temperature and air pressure environment |
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| CN106442195A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-02-22 | 上海华龙测试仪器股份有限公司 | Balance calibration device |
| CN109991100A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Tension and compression test system and method used in high-low temperature and air pressure environment |
| CN110346408A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-18 | 金华职业技术学院 | A kind of method for testing heat of biological sample |
| CN110346408B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2024-06-07 | 金华职业技术学院 | Thermal testing method for biological sample |
| CN111198131A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-05-26 | 西安航天三沃机电设备有限责任公司 | Measuring device and measuring method for volume expansion characteristic of material under tensile load |
| CN113740145A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-03 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Device and method for testing bulk modulus of elastomer material |
| CN113740145B (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2023-05-05 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Device and method for testing bulk modulus of elastomer material |
| CN117705586A (en) * | 2024-02-06 | 2024-03-15 | 中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司 | Method and device for testing volume deformation of large-volume concrete |
| CN117705586B (en) * | 2024-02-06 | 2024-05-14 | 中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司 | Method and device for testing volume deformation of large-volume concrete |
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