CN204029228U - A kind of visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process - Google Patents
A kind of visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process Download PDFInfo
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- CN204029228U CN204029228U CN201420375368.1U CN201420375368U CN204029228U CN 204029228 U CN204029228 U CN 204029228U CN 201420375368 U CN201420375368 U CN 201420375368U CN 204029228 U CN204029228 U CN 204029228U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process, comprise vacuum tank, splendid attire the reboiler of the profound hypothermia liquid that gasifies, be communicated with to export with reboiler top steam vapour-discharge tube, to be communicated with vapour-discharge tube in order to receive and the condensing unit of condensed steam and for providing the liquid storage tank of cold to condensing unit, the sidewall of vacuum tank has transparent optical window.In the utility model, profound hypothermia liquid is by after reboiler heating evaporation, condensing unit is entered by vapour-discharge tube, reboiler is flowed back to after condensation, can realize visual by arranging visual optical window, and can measurement data real-time and accurately, the condensation of mixed gas and fouling gas can also be studied on the impact of condensation by being filled with other gases different from studied gas.When the pressure of the liquid level in reboiler and vapour-discharge tube is constant, reboiler add the vapor condensation heat-exchange amount that heat equals on test board, can indirectly record vapor condensation heat-exchange amount with this.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of condensation heat-transfer experiment device, particularly relates to one and can realize profound hypothermia condenses heat exchange measurement and visual experimental provision.
Background technology
Industrial gasses are modern industry " blood ", and its application is throughout many key areas such as iron and steel, metallurgy, chemical industry, shipbuilding, automobile, medicine, food, electronics, oil, Aero-Space.Along with rapid economic development, the demand of industrial gasses is also in surge.Current industrial gasses are mostly by air separation, and air separation (being called for short empty point) device take air as the device that raw material produces oxygen, nitrogen and other rare gas.Modern air tripping device scale more and more maximizes, and energy consumption problem becomes more outstanding.
Main condenser evaporator (being called for short main cold) in air separation unit makes the condensation of lower top of tower nitrogen, and upper tower bottom liquid oxygen evaporation, to provide the device of lower tower phegma and upper tower rising steam, generally adopts plate type finned heat exchanger at present.Main cold be key equipment in air separation unit, its stuctures and properties has a direct impact the energy consumption of air separation unit and efficiency.In general, main cold heat transfer temperature difference often falls 0.5K, and namely a whole set of air separation unit energy consumption declines 2.46%, and this relies on and realizes its fluid flow inside and the further investigation of heat-transfer mechanism and the optimal design of structure.
Current researchers mainly concentrate on the enhanced heat transfer of evaporation side for main cold research, and little for condensation side research because it is generally acknowledged lead cold in heat exchange thermal resistance based on evaporation side.In fact, the boiling thermal resistance of the fluid order of magnitude larger than condensation side thermal resistance often under normal temperature, but under profound hypothermia, boiling thermal resistance and condensation thermal resistance about the same, and the boiling thermal resistance of hydrogen is even less than condensation thermal resistance.Particularly, in master is cold, condensation side thermal resistance size is about 30% ~ 60% of evaporation side, and along with heat flow density increase, difference of them reduces gradually.During purified vapor film condensation, thermal resistance is generally very little, if but containing fouling gas in steam, then significantly can reduce condensation coefficient, increase the thermal resistance of condensing heat-exchange, the incoagulability air that such as, in water vapor mass content accounts for 1% can make condensation coefficient reduce by 60%.When main cold actual motion, often containing fouling gass such as a certain amount of neon, helium in nitrogen, this also causes the increase of main cold middle condensation side thermal resistance in actual motion, hinders the main reduction of cold heat transfer temperature difference and the lifting of heat exchange efficiency.
In main cold fin, the main liquid form of fluid is the gas liquid two-phase flow having phase transformation, and belong in microchannel the diphasic flow having phase transformation, its heattransfer and fluid flow complicated mechanism is various, profoundly directly related with the flow pattern of diphasic flow, under different flow patterns, heat transfer differs greatly with hydraulic characteristic, do not grasp these flow pattern information just cannot further investigate lead cold in physical process.
Accurately to judge that flow pattern just must use visualization method, all carry out at normal temperatures to the visual research of condensation process in prior art, the condensation process of research water vapor and cold-producing medium, to inject in water as Zhao Jiangang etc. uses S270A type infrared thermography to have studied water vapour and at the congealing property of Sub-cooled liquid surface, to determine the transient state temperature field of system; Guan Peng etc. adopt CCD (high-speed photography system) shooting, record the condensation phenomenon on finned tube.Garimella reviews the visual research achievement of water and condensation of refrigerant in existing grade small pipeline, summarizes the flow pattern of condensation in grade small pipeline.
But also rarely seen precedent of the condensation process under profound hypothermia being carried out to visual research so far, trace it to its cause, that profound hypothermia environment proposes very high requirement to the sealing of visualization device and thermal insulation, relate to many technical matterss, more much larger than difficulty visual under normal temperature, the visualization device under normal temperature cannot be used for studying profound hypothermia condensation.
The profound hypothermia condensation that the utility model relates to refers to and is generally the condensation of the working medium such as nitrogen, oxygen, helium by the condensation that (below 120K) occurs in profound hypothermia warm area.Seldom see the research gas liquid two-phase flow in main cold fin being carried out to visual inspection at present, the research of convection is almost blank, cause the basic theory imperfection of diphasic flow in main cold fin, this also limit main cold optimal design undoubtedly and efficiency improves.
Utility model content
The utility model, for the problems referred to above, proposes a kind of visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process.Solve the problem that existing visual experimental apparatus can not be applicable to study profound hypothermia condensation.
The technical scheme that the utility model is taked is as follows:
The visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process, comprises vacuum tank and is positioned at this vacuum tank inside:
Reboiler, for splendid attire and the profound hypothermia liquid that gasifies;
Vapour-discharge tube, is communicated with to export steam with the top of reboiler;
Condensing unit, is communicated with in order to receive and condensed steam with vapour-discharge tube;
Liquid storage tank, for providing cold to condensing unit;
The sidewall of described vacuum tank has the transparent optical window corresponding with condensing unit position.
During utility model works by reboiler to condensing unit delivering vapor, steam condensation in condensing unit under the effect of the cold provided at liquid storage tank, high-speed camera instrument can be aimed at transparent optical window by user, and record condensation process, realizes the visual of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process with this.
As preferably, also comprise liquid back pipe, described liquid back pipe one end is communicated with the condensate outlet of condensing unit, and the other end is communicated with the bottom of reboiler.
The Natural Circulation of condensation and evaporation can be realized by arranging liquid back pipe, condensing unit, liquid back pipe, reboiler, vapour-discharge tube constitute a complete loop, when in the liquid level and vapour-discharge tube of reboiler, vapor pressure is constant, in reboiler, the heat that adds of well heater equals vapor condensation heat-exchange amount in condensing unit.Because vapor condensation heat-exchange amount is not easily directly tried to achieve, can indirectly record vapor condensation heat-exchange amount by this set.
The bottom of reboiler is stretched in one end of liquid back pipe, i.e., below the liquid level of the outlet end of liquid back pipe profound hypothermia liquid in reboiler, this hinders condensed profound hypothermia liquid to flow down from liquid back pipe after can preventing steam from entering liquid back pipe.
As preferably, described vapour-discharge tube comprises:
Test rectification part, one end is communicated with the steam inlet of condensing unit, and the other end seals and passes to outside vacuum tank;
Transport unit, one end is communicated with the top of reboiler, and the other end is communicated with the sidewall of test rectification part;
The part that described test rectification part passes vacuum tank is provided with pressure transducer, and test rectification part is provided with the first temperature sensor near one end of condensing unit.
Test rectification part can record the temperature and pressure of the steam entering condensing unit.
As preferably, described test rectification part comprises:
Body, one end seals and passes vacuum tank, and described transport unit is communicated with the sidewall of body;
Measuring tube, the part passing vacuum tank with body is communicated with, and measuring tube is provided with vent valve and described pressure transducer;
Rectifier, is arranged on the lower end of body, and rectifier is communicated with the steam inlet of condensing unit by pipeline;
Epoxy resin rod, being arranged in body and fixing with body, described first temperature sensor is arranged on epoxy resin rod.
Measuring tube installing vent valve, device can be made can not only to realize the condensing heat-exchange visualization measurement of pure steam, the condensation of mixed gas and fouling gas can also be studied on the impact of condensation by being filled with other gases different from studied gas.As the gas studied be nitrogen time, helium, the low gas of hydrogen geometric ratio nitrogen boiling point can be filled with.
By being arranged on epoxy resin rod by the first temperature sensor, sensor not being contacted with the metal wall of body, ensureing to record vapor (steam) temperature accurately and reliably.
As preferably, also comprise and be arranged in vacuum tank, be positioned at the fluid infusion pond be communicated with above liquid storage tank and with liquid storage tank, the sidewall in described fluid infusion pond is provided with at least one second temperature sensor, described second temperature sensor position is that low liquid level reminds position, and the upper end in described fluid infusion pond has the gas outlet passing vacuum tank.The madial wall that second temperature sensor can be arranged on fluid infusion pond also can be arranged on the lateral wall in fluid infusion pond, and in order to make assembling, debugging etc. more simple, as preferably, the second temperature sensor can be arranged on the lateral wall in fluid infusion pond.
Liquid storage tank, because being connected with condensing unit, must remain full liquid status.Therefore design fluid infusion pond thereon, play buffer action, fluid infusion can be carried out to liquid storage tank in fluid infusion pond, ensures that liquid storage tank is full liquid status always.When profound hypothermia liquid in fluid infusion pond liquid level lower than arrange the position of the second temperature sensor after, the second temperature sensor records temperature and can obviously rise, thus can monitor the liquid level in fluid infusion pond and supplement profound hypothermia liquid in time.
As preferably, described condensing unit comprises housing, the flow channels of docking with vapour-discharge tube and liquid back pipe is respectively provided with in this housing, the test board removably connected with inner walls is provided with in flow channels, side relative with clear glass on housing is provided with visual optical window, and visual optical window is just to described test board.
As preferably, described housing comprises substrate and cover plate, and cover plate is coordinated with base plate seals by web member, and described test board is provided with rib, groove, fin or coating towards the side of visual optical window.
Substrate and the removable sealing of cover plate, test board and housing removably connect, and design can adjust the parts in flow channels like this, the condensation heat transfer characteristics under enabling device study various forms.The condensation heat transfer characteristics of unlike material test board can be studied, as aluminum test board, steel test board etc.; The condensation heat transfer characteristics of the test board of various different structure can be studied, as the test board etc. that the test board of surface coating, surface are provided with the test board of groove or rib, surface is provided with fin.
In order to there be good sealing effectiveness, as preferably, cover plate and substrate are edge of a knife flange seal.
As preferably, described flow channels is also provided with clear glass near one end of visual optical window, and described test board and described clear glass abut in the relative both sides of fin.
By arrange clear glass can control actual in flow channels can by the area of steam.
The object adding test board is to ensure that the material on profound hypothermia condensation of gas surface is identical with the surfacing of plate type finned heat exchanger.As when test board is aluminium sheet, can corresponding aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger.
Described test board is fixed by web member and housing, and the preferred sunk screw that adopts connects.
In order to strengthen contact heat-exchanging, as preferably, between test board and housing, be filled with indium sheet.
As preferably, described fin and test board are welded into one.This can ensure fin and test board contact heat-exchanging good.
Profound hypothermia liquid by heating evaporation, enters condensing unit by vapour-discharge tube in reboiler, in fin, again flow back to reboiler after condensation by liquid back pipe.Making the condensation process in fin can be observed by arranging the visual optical window relative with transparent optical window, realizing visual.And when the vapor pressure of the liquid level in reboiler and vapour-discharge tube is constant, reboiler add the vapor condensation heat-exchange amount that heat equals on test board.Vapor condensation heat-exchange amount is not easily directly tried to achieve, and can indirectly record vapor condensation heat-exchange amount by this method.
As preferably, the side of described housing and profound hypothermia liquid comes into contact is provided with some augmentation of heat transfer grooves.
Such design can make profound hypothermia liquid in housing and liquid storage tank have larger contact area, can strengthen heat exchange efficiency, and profound hypothermia liquid by after the heat transfer of housing, test board and fin, carries out heat interchange with steam successively.
As preferably, described liquid storage tank is provided with opening towards the side of transparent optical window, described housing and opening are sealed and matched, and the contact side of described test board and inner walls is provided with three-temperature sensor, and described housing and profound hypothermia liquid contacting side are provided with the 4th temperature sensor.
As preferably, the contact side of described test board and inner walls is provided with some thermometric grooves, and each thermometric groove is all provided with three-temperature sensor; Described housing and profound hypothermia liquid contacting side are provided with some thermal bulbs, are all provided with the 4th temperature sensor in each thermal bulb.
Test board wall surface temperature can be measured by three-temperature sensor; The temperature of liquid nitrogen in liquid storage tank can be recorded by the 4th temperature sensor.
As preferably, the upper and lower two ends of described reboiler are equipped with a kapillary extended to outside vacuum tank, are connected with differential pressure pickup between two capillaries.
Two intercapillary pressure differentials can be recorded by differential pressure pickup, the liquid level of the profound hypothermia liquid in reboiler can be obtained.
Also comprise the first liquid injection pipe be communicated with reboiler and the second liquid injection pipe be communicated with liquid storage tank or fluid infusion pond.Two liquid injection pipe fluid injection ends pass vacuum tank, can carry out fluid injection when needs supplementary profound hypothermia liquid by liquid injection pipe to corresponding target.
Rectification silk screen is provided with in described rectifier.
As preferably, described gas outlet one end be positioned at outside vacuum tank is provided with safety valve and ball valve.
As preferably, described vacuum tank is also provided with optical fiber interface.
Optical fiber interface can realize, when outside light source light is according to intensity deficiency, providing illumination by this interface in vacuum tank, makes observation more convenient, clear.
As preferably, described substrate and cover plate are stainless steel.
As preferably, the described reboiler tank body and being used for comprised for splendid attire profound hypothermia liquid gasifies the heating element of profound hypothermia liquid.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: profound hypothermia liquid in reboiler by heating evaporation, condensing unit is entered by vapour-discharge tube, again reboiler is flowed back to by liquid back pipe after condensation in fin, making the condensation process in fin can be observed by arranging the visual optical window relative with transparent optical window, realizing the visual of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process; When the pressure of the liquid level in reboiler and vapour-discharge tube is constant, reboiler add the vapor condensation heat-exchange amount that heat equals on test board, can indirectly record vapor condensation heat-exchange amount with this; By being provided with the second temperature sensor at the sidewall in fluid infusion pond, when profound hypothermia liquid in fluid infusion pond liquid level lower than arrange the position of the second temperature sensor after, second temperature sensor records temperature and can obviously rise, thus the liquid level in fluid infusion pond can be monitored and supplement profound hypothermia liquid in time, ensure that liquid storage tank is in full liquid status all the time with this.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the visual experimental apparatus of the utility model profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process;
Fig. 2 is the stereographic map of the visual experimental apparatus of the utility model profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process;
Fig. 3 is the explosive view of condensing unit;
Fig. 4 is the front view of condensing unit;
Fig. 5 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the B-B cut-open view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged drawing of C in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the front view of test board;
Fig. 9 is the stereographic map of test board;
Figure 10 is the front view after test rectification part removes measuring tube;
Figure 11 is the D-D cut-open view of Figure 10.
In figure, each Reference numeral is:
1. vacuum (-tight) housing, 2. kapillary, 3. the first liquid injection pipe, 4. the second liquid injection pipe, 5. liquid storage tank, 6. fluid infusion pond, 7. the second temperature sensor, 8. ring flange, 9. evacuation valve, 10. ball valve, 11. gas outlets, the fluid injection joint of 12. second liquid injection pipes, the fluid injection joint of 13. first liquid injection pipes, 14. measure lead-in wire fairlead, 15. safety valve, 16. test rectification part, 17. pressure transducers, 18. measuring tubes, 19. vent valves, 20. electric connector seats, 21. transport units, 22. condensing units, 23. optical fiber interfaces, 24. transparent optical windows, 25. outlet funnels, 26. drain pipes, 27. tank bodies, 28. electric wires, 29. heating elements, 30. substrates, 31. cover plates, 32. grooves, 33. test boards, 34. fins, 35. clear glasses, 36. gasket seals, 37. visual optical windows, 38. thermal bulbs, 39. augmentation of heat transfer grooves, 40. thermometric grooves, 41. vacuum feedthroughs joints, 42. bodys, 43. epoxy resin rods, 44. first temperature sensors, 45. rectifiers.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with each accompanying drawing, the visual experimental apparatus of the utility model profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process, comprises the vacuum tank be made up of the vacuum (-tight) housing 1 be sealed and matched and ring flange 8, and this ring flange is provided with evacuation valve 9, safety valve 15, and the inside of this vacuum tank is provided with:
Reboiler, for splendid attire and the profound hypothermia liquid that gasifies, this reboiler comprises tank body 27 and is arranged on the heating element 29 of tank base, the electric wire 28 of heating element passes to outside vacuum tank by electric connector seat 20, the two ends up and down of tank body 27 are equipped with between kapillary 2, two capillary extending to outside vacuum tank and are connected with differential pressure pickup;
First liquid injection pipe 3, one end is connected with the fluid injection joint 13 of the first liquid injection pipe be positioned at outside vacuum tank, and the other end is communicated with reboiler;
Vapour-discharge tube, is communicated with to export steam with the top of reboiler, and this vapour-discharge tube comprises transport unit 21 and test rectification part 16;
Condensing unit 22, is communicated with in order to receive and condensed steam with vapour-discharge tube;
Liquid storage tank 5, for providing cold to condensing unit 22;
Second liquid injection pipe 4, one end is communicated with the fluid injection joint 12 of the second liquid injection pipe be positioned at outside vacuum tank, and the other end is communicated with liquid storage tank 5;
Fluid infusion pond 6, be positioned at the top of liquid storage tank 5 and be communicated with liquid storage tank, the lateral wall in fluid infusion pond is provided with at least one second temperature sensor 7, second temperature sensor position is that low liquid level reminds position, the upper end in fluid infusion pond has the gas outlet 11 and measurement lead-in wire fairlead 14 that pass vacuum tank respectively, and the exhaust end of gas outlet is provided with ball valve 10 and safety valve;
Liquid back pipe, comprises the outlet funnel 25 and drain pipe 26 that are interconnected, and wherein, outlet funnel 25 is positioned at reboiler upper end and is communicated with the condensate outlet of condensing unit, and drain pipe extends to the bottom close to reboiler;
Transparent optical window 24, is arranged on the sidewall of vacuum (-tight) housing 1, corresponding with condensing unit 22 position;
Optical fiber interface 23, is arranged on the sidewall of vacuum (-tight) housing 1.
As shown in Figure 1, one end of transport unit 21 is communicated with the top of reboiler, and the other end is communicated with the sidewall of test rectification part; As shown in Fig. 1,10,11, test rectification part 16 comprises:
Body 42, upper end seals and passes vacuum tank, and transport unit 21 is communicated with the sidewall of body;
Measuring tube 18, the part passing vacuum tank with body is communicated with, and measuring tube is provided with vent valve 19 and pressure transducer 17;
Inside establish the rectifier 45 of rectification silk screen, be arranged on the lower end of body, and rectifier is communicated with by the steam inlet of pipeline with condensing unit 22;
Epoxy resin rod 43, is coaxially fixed in body, and the one end near rectifier on this epoxy resin rod is provided with the first temperature sensor 44;
Vacuum feedthroughs joint 41, is arranged on the top of body.
As shown in Fig. 1,3 ~ 9, condensing unit 22 comprises housing, this housing is made up of substrate 30 and cover plate 31, and substrate 30 and cover plate 31 are detachably fixed by web member, gasket seal 36 is provided with between substrate and cover plate, liquid storage tank 5 is provided with recess towards the side of transparent optical window 24, and substrate 30 and this recess seal fixing, and substrate 30 is provided with some augmentation of heat transfer grooves 39 with the side of profound hypothermia liquid comes into contact.
In condensing unit, substrate 30 is provided with towards the side of cover plate 31 respectively with rectifier 45 with export the groove 32 that funnel 25 docks, and the sidewall formation flow channels of this groove and cover plate, is provided with in groove 32 successively:
Test board 33, is fixed by the bottom surface of sunk screw and groove, and is filled with indium sheet between test board and the bottom surface of groove;
Fin 34, is welded on test board 33;
Clear glass 35, with fin 34 mutually against.
The side close-fitting transparent glass 35 of cover plate 31, and cover plate is provided with the visual optical window 37 corresponding with clear glass 35, this visual optical window is not only just to test board 33 but also just to transparent optical window 24.
In the present embodiment, test board is provided with fin, except above-mentioned situation, test board can also be provided with rib, groove or coating etc.Because the parts that each test board is provided with are different, causing the thickness of test board also not identical, by installing the clear glass of different-thickness, can accommodation be carried out.
As shown in Figure 8,9, test board 33 is provided with some thermometric grooves 40 for installing three-temperature sensor with the contact side of substrate, and as shown in Figure 4,5, substrate 30 and profound hypothermia liquid contacting side are provided with some thermal bulbs 38 for installing the 4th temperature sensor.
In the present embodiment, profound hypothermia liquid is liquid nitrogen, and substrate and cover plate are stainless steel, and test board is aluminium sheet, adopt aluminium sheet can ensure that the material on profound hypothermia condensation of gas surface is identical with the surfacing of aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger, make the more accurate and specific aim of experimental configuration.
In the present embodiment, visual optical window 37 adopted the most multipotency of import to bear the optical window of 2MPa pressure before this and isodiametric stainless-steel pipe adopts small area analysis laser bonding, then stainless-steel pipe adopts argon arc welding to weld with the another side of cover plate, when which reducing welding, temperature is on the impact of visual optical window, substantially increases the successful possibility of welding.
The course of work of this device is as follows: first vacuumize vacuum (-tight) housing before experiment starts.Then adopt nitrogen to carry out displacement to liquid storage tank to find time, then bottom liquid storage tank, be filled with liquid nitrogen by the second liquid injection pipe, until the temperature T of the second temperature sensor
r1keep stablizing constant close to 77.4K, the position of liquid nitrogen liquid level higher than the second temperature sensor is described.Then carry out displacement to the housing nitrogen of condensing unit to find time, then bottom reboiler, be filled with liquid nitrogen by the first liquid injection pipe, when liquid nitrogen liquid level reaches setting value (liquid nitrogen did not have heating element completely), stop filling liquid nitrogen.Open and control heating element, make the power of heating element be 50W, now the power of heating element is evaporation and heat-exchange amount Q
h, wait for the vapor pressure P that pressure transducer records
vin stable, reboiler liquid nitrogen liquid level substantially constant after (be connected with differential pressure pickup by two capillaries and obtain liquid level), record vapor pressure P
v, the vapor (steam) temperature T that records of the first temperature sensor
v, the aluminium sheet wall surface temperature T that records of three-temperature sensor
w, the temperature of liquid nitrogen in the liquid storage tank that records of the 4th temperature sensor
evaporation and heat-exchange amount Q
hdata.Due to liquid level and condensing circuit vapor pressure substantially constant time, represent condensing heat-exchange amount and evaporation and heat-exchange amount phase equilibrium, so condensing heat-exchange amount Q
cnamely evaporation and heat-exchange amount Q is equaled
h.Give reboiler to add the step of 10W power at every turn subsequently, repeat to wait for and work as P
vstable and in reboiler liquid nitrogen liquid level substantially constant after, record P
v, T
v, T
w,
q
hdata.
The wall temperature T of aluminium sheet wall can be obtained in experiment
w, vapor (steam) temperature T
v, vapor pressure P
vand condensing heat-exchange amount Q
c, the therefore average heat transfer coefficient of aluminium sheet and fin
wherein T
satfor the saturation temperature that nitrogen is corresponding under a certain pressure, T
satby vapor pressure P
vobtain.
When this device works, high-speed camera instrument can be aimed at transparent optical window, record condensation process, realizes the visual of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process with this.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not thereby scope of patent protection of the present utility model is namely limited; the equivalent structure transformation that every utilization the utility model instructions and accompanying drawing content are done; directly or indirectly be used in the technical field that other are relevant, be all in like manner included in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a visual experimental apparatus for profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process, is characterized in that, comprises vacuum tank and is positioned at this vacuum tank inside:
Reboiler, for splendid attire and the profound hypothermia liquid that gasifies;
Vapour-discharge tube, is communicated with to export steam with the top of reboiler;
Condensing unit, is communicated with in order to receive and condensed steam with vapour-discharge tube;
Liquid storage tank, for providing cold to condensing unit;
The sidewall of described vacuum tank has the transparent optical window corresponding with condensing unit position.
2. the visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise liquid back pipe, described liquid back pipe one end is communicated with the condensate outlet of condensing unit, and the other end is communicated with the bottom of reboiler.
3. the visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vapour-discharge tube comprises:
Test rectification part, one end is communicated with the steam inlet of condensing unit, and the other end seals and passes to outside vacuum tank;
Transport unit, one end is communicated with the top of reboiler, and the other end is communicated with the sidewall of test rectification part;
The part that described test rectification part passes vacuum tank is provided with pressure transducer, and test rectification part is provided with the first temperature sensor near one end of condensing unit.
4. the visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described test rectification part comprises:
Body, one end seals and passes vacuum tank, and described transport unit is communicated with the sidewall of body;
Measuring tube, the part passing vacuum tank with body is communicated with, and measuring tube is provided with vent valve and described pressure transducer;
Rectifier, is arranged on the lower end of body, and rectifier is communicated with the steam inlet of condensing unit by pipeline;
Epoxy resin rod, being arranged in body and fixing with body, described first temperature sensor is arranged on epoxy resin rod.
5. the visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise and be arranged in vacuum tank, be positioned at the fluid infusion pond be communicated with above liquid storage tank and with liquid storage tank, the sidewall in described fluid infusion pond is provided with at least one second temperature sensor, described second temperature sensor position is that low liquid level reminds position, and the upper end in described fluid infusion pond has the gas outlet passing vacuum tank.
6. the visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described condensing unit comprises housing, the flow channels of docking with vapour-discharge tube and liquid back pipe is respectively provided with in this housing, the test board removably connected with inner walls is provided with in flow channels, side relative with clear glass on housing is provided with visual optical window, and visual optical window is just to described test board.
7. the visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described housing comprises substrate and cover plate, and cover plate is coordinated with base plate seals by web member, and described test board is provided with rib, groove, fin or coating towards the side of visual optical window.
8. the visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described flow channels is also provided with clear glass near one end of visual optical window.
9. the visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described liquid storage tank is provided with opening towards the side of transparent optical window, described housing and opening are sealed and matched, the contact side of described test board and inner walls is provided with three-temperature sensor, and described housing and profound hypothermia liquid contacting side are provided with the 4th temperature sensor.
10. the visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the upper and lower two ends of described reboiler are equipped with a kapillary extended to outside vacuum tank, are connected with differential pressure pickup between two capillaries.
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| CN201420375368.1U CN204029228U (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | A kind of visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process |
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| CN201420375368.1U CN204029228U (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | A kind of visual experimental apparatus of profound hypothermia condensing heat-exchange process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104077943A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-01 | 浙江大学 | Visualization experiment device for deep-low-temperature condensation heat exchanging process |
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2014
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104077943A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-01 | 浙江大学 | Visualization experiment device for deep-low-temperature condensation heat exchanging process |
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