CN204020601U - Short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller - Google Patents

Short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204020601U
CN204020601U CN201420383099.3U CN201420383099U CN204020601U CN 204020601 U CN204020601 U CN 204020601U CN 201420383099 U CN201420383099 U CN 201420383099U CN 204020601 U CN204020601 U CN 204020601U
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circuit
drive motor
main drive
acquisition circuit
mosfet
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王大方
杨博文
齐骥
周传炜
廖江敏
蔡景蕾
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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Abstract

A kind of short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller, relate to new-energy automobile electric control field, comprise controller housing and radiator, in controller housing, be provided with microcontroller, main drive motor driving circuit, main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit, gear shifting motor driving circuit and gear shifting motor H bridge circuit, on microcontroller, be connected with 5VDC/DC change-over circuit, there is the external supply current Acquisition Circuit of 12V direct current, 12V vdc Acquisition Circuit, electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage collection circuit, main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit, main drive motor temperature collection circuit, acceleration pedal Acquisition Circuit, brake pedal Acquisition Circuit, MOSFET temperature signal collection circuit, gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit, main drive motor rotor-position signal Acquisition Circuit, vehicle speed signal Acquisition Circuit, gear positions signal acquisition circuit, the utility model integrated level is high, reliability is high, fast response time, be quick on the draw, greatly promote battery-driven car overall performance.

Description

Short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller
Technical field
The utility model relates to new-energy automobile electric control field, says in detail it is a kind ofly to have that integrated level is high, reliability is high, fast response time, be quick on the draw, and greatly promotes the short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller of battery-driven car overall performance.
Background technology
The pure electric passenger vehicle of short distance meets the pure electric passenger vehicle engineering factor of < < > > (GB/T 28382-2012), orientates replacement Low Speed BEV in the market as.The designing requirement of the pure electric passenger vehicle of short distance is to minimize cost under the prerequisite of the system of assurance high reliability.The mainstream configuration of the pure electric passenger vehicle drive system of short distance is single motor series connection two-speed transmission, if consider traveling comfort and reduce and drive difficulty, need to configure automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter.On electric-control system, mainly comprise three controllers, respectively main drive motor controller, two-shift automatic variable speed device controller and DC/DC conv, these three controllers are separate unit onboard at present, three designs separately, manufactures, in use procedure, need to transmit electric signal each other, the quality of coordinating between three directly affects the performance of car load.The pure electric passenger vehicle of short distance is comparatively strict to the requirement of spatial volume, and each controller independent distribution is arranged, taken larger space.Patent < < driving motor for electric automobile-speed changer integrated system control method and system > > (200910076778.X) have designed a kind of driving motor for electric automobile-speed changer integrated system and have controlled, this system comprises four discrete controllers, needs to complete by the transmission of electric signal the integrated control of car load between controller.There are the following problems for this class control system: (1) control system topological structure is complicated, adopts a plurality of separate units, and cost is higher; (2) adopt a plurality of separate units, need to take more vehicle space and arrange; (3) need between four discrete control units, transmit a large amount of control and feedback signal, if adopt rigid line to connect, wiring is complicated, affects reliability; If the mode that adopts rigid line to connect, following signal demand is drawn a plurality of parallel branch: (1) main drive motor rotor-position signal, need to give main drive motor controller and controller for shifting simultaneously; (2) main drive motor temperature signal need to be given main drive motor controller and controller for shifting simultaneously; (3) each phase current signal of main drive motor need to be given main drive motor controller and controller for shifting simultaneously; (4) acceleration pedal signal need to be given main drive motor controller and controller for shifting simultaneously; (5) brake pedal signal need to be given main drive motor controller and controller for shifting simultaneously; (6) 12V d. c. voltage signal need to be given controller for shifting and DC/DC conv simultaneously.(4) for transmit a large amount of control and feedback signal between four discrete control units, if adopt vehicle-mounted bus to connect, although can avoid the problem of wiring complexity, but because vehicle-mounted bus has adopted multiplexed transmission structure, the transmission cycle of message is restricted, according to < < automotive control system local area network (CAN bus) communication protocol the 5th part: application layer-vehicle > > regulation, the periodic transfer of the shortest employing 10ms, and when a plurality of messages send simultaneously, the message that priority is low can be lost arbitration, further affect transmission cycle, and then affect the real-time of control system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of integrated level high, take up room little, space availability ratio is high, wiring is succinct, fast response time, is quick on the draw, reliability is high, the short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller that cost is low.
The technical scheme that the utility model solves above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art employing is:
A kind of short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller, comprise controller housing and radiator, in controller housing, be provided with microcontroller, main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit, the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET form, it is characterized in that the VDD-to-VSS line interface of microcontroller and 5V(volt) DC/DC change-over circuit mouth is connected, 5V(volt) input end of DC/DC change-over circuit lies prostrate through 12V() DC/DC change-over circuit is connected with electrokinetic cell DC bus input wires, (difference) AD(analog quantity of microcontroller turns digital quantity) gather on port and be connected with respectively the external supply current Acquisition Circuit of 12V direct current, 12V vdc Acquisition Circuit, electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage collection circuit, main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit, main drive motor temperature collection circuit, acceleration pedal Acquisition Circuit, brake pedal Acquisition Circuit, MOSFET temperature signal collection circuit and gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit, (difference) of microcontroller catches on port and is connected with respectively main drive motor rotor-position signal Acquisition Circuit and vehicle speed signal Acquisition Circuit, three railway digital IO(input and output of microcontroller) gather on port and be connected with gear positions signal acquisition circuit, the input end of the external supply current Acquisition Circuit of 12V direct current and 12V vdc Acquisition Circuit and 12V(volt) mouth of DC/DC change-over circuit is connected, the external supply current Acquisition Circuit of 12V direct current mouth is provided with the output connection of 12V DC bus, electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage collection circuit is connected with electrokinetic cell DC bus input wires, main drive motor temperature collection circuit, acceleration pedal Acquisition Circuit, brake pedal Acquisition Circuit, main drive motor rotor-position signal Acquisition Circuit, on the input end of vehicle speed signal Acquisition Circuit and gear positions signal acquisition circuit, be respectively equipped with acquisition of signal wiring, the input end of main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit is connected with 6 road PWM output ports of microcontroller, mouth is connected with the control end (gate pole) of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the mouth of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is connected with the input end of main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit, and the mouth of main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit is provided with three plase alternating current output connection, the input end of gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit is connected with 4 road PWM output ports of microcontroller, mouth is connected with the control end (gate pole) of the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the mouth of the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is connected with the input end of gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit, and gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit mouth is provided with the galvanic output connection of the turning 12V of output, the power end of the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit, gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET form is connected with 12V DC bus, and the power end of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is provided with electrokinetic cell DC bus input wires.
Electrokinetic cell DC bus ground terminal described in the utility model kind is connected with one end of capacitor C 1, and the other end of capacitor C 1 is connected with one end of resistance R 1, resistance R 2, capacitor C 2, and the other end of capacitor C 2 is connected with 5V DC bus ground terminal; 12V DC bus ground terminal is connected with one end of capacitor C 4; The other end of capacitor C 4 is connected with one end of resistance R 3, resistance R 4, capacitor C 5, and the other end of capacitor C 3 is connected with 5V DC bus ground terminal; Resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, the other end of resistance R 4 and the ground terminal of controller housing are connected.The connection structure of above-mentioned ground terminal has solved the interference problem of a plurality of high power devices to microcontroller in integrated controller; guarantee detecting reliability and the precision of acquisition of signal port; as: the level that guarantees the collection of IO mouth is consistent with actual incoming level; avoid system to be failure to actuate or misoperation; the voltage that guarantees the collection of AD mouth more approaches actual voltage value, precision is higher; avoid not protecting or mistake protection of system; guarantee to catch mouthful speed error gathering less; while avoiding speeds match also not reach requirement, enter shelves, cause and beat tooth.
Through experiment, detect, integrated controller can guarantee that the level of IO mouth collection is consistent with actual incoming level, guarantees that the error of AD mouth collection is less than millesimal, and the error that speed detects is less than 1%; While adopting the direct coupled mode of ground terminal of electrokinetic cell DC bus ground terminal, 5V DC bus ground terminal, 12V DC bus ground terminal and controller housing, the level that IO mouth gathers and the probability of the inconsistent generation of actual incoming level are more than 1%, the error that AD mouth gathers is more than 15%, and the error that speed detects is more than 10%; Adopting existing other antijamming blackouts, the probability of the level of IO mouth collection and the inconsistent generation of actual incoming level is ten thousand/more than, the error that AD mouth gathers is more than 1%, and the error that speed detects is more than 3%; Level and actual incoming level that IO mouth gathers are inconsistent; can cause system to be failure to actuate or misoperation; the voltage error that AD mouth gathers is larger; the probability of not protecting or protecting by mistake of system is higher; it is larger that speed detects error; gear pair speed to be engaged while entering grade is poor larger, beats tooth phenomenon more serious, and noise is larger.
The resistance of resistance R 1 described in the utility model, R2, R3, R4 is 20 ohm, and the capacitance of capacitor C 1, C2, C3, C4 is 2.2nF.
The control method of above-mentioned integrated controller, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step, system powers on, and integrated controller is controlled Transmission gear initialization;
Second step, integrated controller, according to chaufeur incoming signal and vehicle feedback signal, is controlled main drive motor and is operated in torque mode;
Whether the 3rd step integrated controller needs gear shift according to vehicle feedback signal and chaufeur input-signal judging, if need gear shift, target setting gear value, enters the 4th step; If do not need gear shift, enter second step;
The 4th step, integrated controller cuts off the power supply of main drive motor, main drive motor freedom of entry pattern;
The 5th step, integrated controller drives gear shifting motor running, controls gear-shifting actuating mechanism two-speed transmission is cut to neutral gear;
The 6th step, integrated controller is controlled main drive motor and is entered rotating speed pattern, according to current vehicle speed and gear ratios to be joined, calculates the rotating speed of target of main drive motor, integrated controller is controlled main drive motor speed governing, makes main drive motor rotating speed and this rotating speed of target coupling;
The 7th step, judges that whether main drive motor rotating speed and this rotating speed of target mate, and enter the 6th step if do not mated; If coupling enters the 8th step;
The 8th step, integrated controller cuts off the power supply of main drive motor, main drive motor freedom of entry pattern;
The 9th step, integrated controller drives gear shifting motor running, controls gear-shifting actuating mechanism two-speed transmission is cut to gear to be joined; Enter second step.
Integrated controller of the present utility model is when work, and the output connection of 12V DC bus can connect vehicle-mounted low voltage equipment, as equipment such as car light, car door motor, Wiper motors, is its power supply.Electrokinetic cell DC bus input wires is connected with power battery pack, and three plase alternating current output connection is connected with vehicle electric motor, and the galvanic output connection of turning 12V is connected with gear shift DC machine; Acquisition of signal wiring on the input end of main drive motor temperature collection circuit, acceleration pedal Acquisition Circuit, brake pedal Acquisition Circuit, main drive motor rotor-position signal Acquisition Circuit, vehicle speed signal Acquisition Circuit and gear positions signal acquisition circuit is connected with corresponding signal picker respectively.The utility model integrated level is high, take up room little, space availability ratio is high, wiring is succinct, fast response time, is quick on the draw, reliability is high, with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is electronic line structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is that the utility model is used Time Controller outside connection lead schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the diagram of circuit of the utility model control method.
Fig. 4 is each power lead of the utility model and controller housing ground terminal electrical block diagram.
The specific embodiment
Short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller as shown in the figure, comprise controller housing and radiator, in controller housing, be provided with microcontroller 7(MCU), main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit 16, the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit 17 that MOSFET forms, the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit 14 that gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit 15 and MOSFET form, microcontroller 7(MCU) select the TMS320F28335 of 32, radiator is connected with the power device in controller housing, for its heat radiation, foregoing circuit and structure are prior art, repeat no more.The VDD-to-VSS line interface and 5V(volt that is characterised in that microcontroller 7 of the present utility model) DC/DC change-over circuit 5 mouths are connected, 5V(volt) input end of DC/DC change-over circuit 5 lies prostrate through 12V() DC/DC change-over circuit 1 is connected with electrokinetic cell DC bus input wires, the different AD(analog quantitys of microcontroller turn digital quantity) gather on port and be connected with respectively the external supply current Acquisition Circuit 4 of 12V direct current, 12V vdc Acquisition Circuit 6, electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage collection circuit 2, main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit 18, main drive motor temperature collection circuit 19, acceleration pedal Acquisition Circuit 12, brake pedal Acquisition Circuit 10, MOSFET temperature signal collection circuit 9 and gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit 13, MOSFET temperature signal collection circuit 9 is connected with the temperature sensor on radiator, the difference of microcontroller catches on port and is connected with respectively main drive motor rotor-position signal Acquisition Circuit 3 and vehicle speed signal Acquisition Circuit 11, three railway digital IO(input and output of microcontroller) gather on port and be connected with gear positions signal acquisition circuit 8, the input end of the external supply current Acquisition Circuit 4 of 12V direct current and 12V vdc Acquisition Circuit 6 and 12V(volt) mouth of DC/DC change-over circuit 1 is connected, the external supply current Acquisition Circuit of 12V direct current mouth is provided with the output connection of 12V DC bus, electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage collection circuit is connected with electrokinetic cell DC bus input wires, main drive motor temperature collection circuit, acceleration pedal Acquisition Circuit, brake pedal Acquisition Circuit, main drive motor rotor-position signal Acquisition Circuit, on the input end of vehicle speed signal Acquisition Circuit and gear positions signal acquisition circuit, be respectively equipped with acquisition of signal wiring, the input end of main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit is connected with 6 road PWM output ports of microcontroller, mouth is connected with the control end (gate pole) of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the mouth of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is connected with the input end of main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit, and the mouth of main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit is provided with three plase alternating current output connection, the input end of gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit is connected with 4 road PWM output ports of microcontroller, mouth is connected with the control end (gate pole) of the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the mouth of the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is connected with the input end of gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit, and gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit mouth is provided with the galvanic output connection of the turning 12V of output, the power end of the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit, gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET form is connected with 12V DC bus, and the power end of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is provided with the wiring of electrokinetic cell DC bus.
The utility model further improves, and described electrokinetic cell DC bus ground terminal is connected with one end of capacitor C 1, and the other end of capacitor C 1 is connected with one end of resistance R 1, resistance R 2, capacitor C 2, and the other end of capacitor C 2 is connected with 5V DC bus ground terminal; 12V DC bus ground terminal is connected with one end of capacitor C 4; The other end of capacitor C 4 is connected with one end of resistance R 3, resistance R 4, capacitor C 5, and the other end of capacitor C 3 is connected with 5V DC bus ground terminal; Resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, the other end of resistance R 4 and the ground terminal of controller housing are connected, and the resistance of resistance R 1, R2, R3, R4 is 20 ohm, and the capacitance of capacitor C 1, C2, C3, C4 is 2.2nF.The connection structure of above-mentioned ground terminal has solved the interference problem of a plurality of high power devices to microcontroller in controller housing of integrated controller; guarantee detecting reliability and the precision of acquisition of signal port; as: the level that guarantees the collection of IO mouth is consistent with actual incoming level; avoid system to be failure to actuate or misoperation; the voltage that guarantees the collection of AD mouth more approaches actual voltage value, precision is higher; avoid not protecting or mistake protection of system; guarantee to catch mouthful speed error gathering less; while avoiding speeds match also not reach requirement, enter shelves, cause and beat tooth.
Through experiment, detect, integrated controller can guarantee that the level of IO mouth collection is consistent with actual incoming level, guarantees that the error of AD mouth collection is less than millesimal, and the error that speed detects is less than 1%; While adopting the direct coupled mode of ground terminal of electrokinetic cell DC bus ground terminal, 5V DC bus ground terminal, 12V DC bus ground terminal and controller housing, the level that IO mouth gathers and the probability of the inconsistent generation of actual incoming level are more than 1%, the error that AD mouth gathers is more than 15%, and the error that speed detects is more than 10%; Adopting existing other antijamming blackouts, the probability of the level of IO mouth collection and the inconsistent generation of actual incoming level is ten thousand/more than, the error that AD mouth gathers is more than 1%, and the error that speed detects is more than 3%; Level and actual incoming level that IO mouth gathers are inconsistent; can cause system to be failure to actuate or misoperation; the voltage error that AD mouth gathers is larger; the probability of not protecting or protecting by mistake of system is higher; it is larger that speed detects error; gear pair speed to be engaged while entering grade is poor larger, beats tooth phenomenon more serious, and noise is larger.
The characteristic and the purposes that input or output wiring and microcontroller internal signal of the pure electric passenger vehicle motor of short distance, change-speed box and DC/DC conv integrated controller are as shown in Figure 1 as follows:
(1) 12V DC bus, this lead-in wire is 12V DC power line, for vehicle-mounted low voltage equipment power supply, specifically comprises the equipment such as car light, car door motor, Wiper motor;
(2) the AD(analog quantity that the external supply current Acquisition Circuit of 12V direct current is connected to MCU turns digital quantity) gather port, MCU obtains the external supply current size of 12V direct current by this port, realizes overcurrent protection function;
(3) the AD(analog quantity that 12V vdc Acquisition Circuit is connected to MCU turns digital quantity) gather port, MCU obtains 12V vdc size by this port, realizes high-low pressure defencive function;
(4) electrokinetic cell DC bus is exported 12V direct current by DC/DC change-over circuit, then by DC/DC change-over circuit output 5V direct current, this 5V DC bus is MCU power supply, and the VDD-to-VSS line of receiving MCU connects;
(5) rotor-position feedback, this lead-in wire, for main drive motor rotor-position feedback input signal, is generally square-wave signal, and the low pressure of square-wave signal is 0V, and high pressure is 5V;
(6) main drive motor rotor-position signal Acquisition Circuit is connected to the seizure port of MCU, by the time gap catching between the hopping edge of square-wave signal and the saltus step of calculating square-wave signal, obtains main drive motor spinner velocity;
(7) electrokinetic cell DC bus, this lead-in wire is the DC power line of 48-144V, for main drive motor and DC/DC modular converter provide electric energy;
(8) the AD(analog quantity that electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage collection circuit is connected to MCU turns digital quantity) gather port, MCU obtains electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage size by this port, realizes high-low pressure defencive function;
(9) it is DC bus powered that main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit adopts 12V, be connected to the 6 road PWM output ports of MCU, main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit is exported the stronger pwm signal of 6 road power, be connected to the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, control the break-make of 6 groups of switch mosfets of three-phase H bridge circuit;
(10) the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, under the control of the stronger pwm signal of 6 road power, is initial three plase alternating current by the electrokinetic cell DC bus signal inversion of input, and the method for inversion can adopt the SVPMW mode of current main flow;
(11) three plase alternating current, this lead-in wire, for three-phase AC power line, is connected to main drive motor, when driving, for main drive motor provides electric energy, the electric energy sending of main drive motor is fed back to electrokinetic cell when braking energy reclaims;
(12) the AD(analog quantity that main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit is connected to MCU turns digital quantity) gather port, MCU obtains main drive motor three phase current size by this port, realize overcurrent protection function, due to three phase current be zero, therefore only need in actual use to gather any biphase current in three-phase, the two-way AD(analog quantity of access MCU turns digital quantity) collection port;
(13) motor temperature feedback, this lead-in wire is main drive motor temperature feedback incoming signal, be generally thermo-sensitive resistor signal, according to the variation of motor temperature, feed back different resistance values, by measuring the dividing potential drop acquiring size feedback signal of thermo-sensitive resistor, the dividing potential drop of thermo-sensitive resistor is generally 0-5V continually varying analog signal;
(14) the AD(analog quantity that main drive motor temperature collection circuit is connected to MCU turns digital quantity) gather port, MCU obtains main drive motor temperature level by this port, realizes high low temperature defencive function;
(15) speed of a motor vehicle feedback signal, this lead-in wire, for transmission output speed feedback input signal, is generally square-wave signal, and the low pressure of square-wave signal is 0V, and high pressure is 5V;
(16) vehicle speed signal Acquisition Circuit is connected to the seizure port of MCU, by the time gap between the hopping edge of seizure square-wave signal and the saltus step of calculating square-wave signal, obtain the rotating speed of transmission output shaft, the rotating speed of transmission output shaft and the ratio of the speed of a motor vehicle are fixed, and by the speed ratio of main reducer of drive axle, are determined;
(17) acceleration pedal signal, this lead-in wire, for acceleration pedal incoming signal, is generally 0-5V continually varying analog signal;
(18) the AD(analog quantity that acceleration pedal Acquisition Circuit is connected to MCU turns digital quantity) gather port, MCU obtains the size of acceleration pedal applied signal voltage by this port, the acceleration intention of perception chaufeur, if the paranormal scope of acceleration pedal applied signal voltage measuring, enters acceleration pedal abnormity protection function;
(19) brake pedal signal, this lead-in wire, for brake pedal incoming signal, is generally 0-5V continually varying analog signal;
(20) the AD(analog quantity that brake pedal Acquisition Circuit is connected to MCU turns digital quantity) gather port, MCU obtains the size of brake pedal applied signal voltage by this port, the braking intention of perception chaufeur, if the paranormal scope of brake pedal applied signal voltage measuring, enters brake pedal abnormity protection function;
(21) be positioned at the temperature sensor signal on radiator, this signal is radiator temperature feedback input signal, be generally thermo-sensitive resistor signal, according to the variation of motor temperature, feed back different resistance values, by measuring the dividing potential drop acquiring size feedback signal of thermo-sensitive resistor, the dividing potential drop of thermo-sensitive resistor is generally 0-5V continually varying analog signal;
(22) the AD(analog quantity that MOSFET temperature signal collection circuit is connected to MCU turns digital quantity) gather port, MCU obtains radiator temperature size by this port, realizes high low temperature defencive function;
(23) gear positions feedback signal, this lead-in wire is transmission shift fork position feedback incoming signal, be generally the digital signal of 0V or 5V, can realize by contact switch or approach switch, according to the position of the current transmission shift fork of Voltage Feedback of signal, gear positions feedback signal Wei San road, respectively corresponding top grade, low grade and Neutral Position;
(24) gear positions signal acquisition circuit is connected to the three railway digital IO(input and output of MCU) gather port, MCU obtains gear positions by this port;
(25) gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit adopts 12V DC bus powered, be connected to the 4 road PWM output ports of MCU, gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit is exported the stronger pwm signal of 4 road power, be connected to the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, control the break-make of 4 groups of switch mosfets of H bridge circuit;
(26) the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is under the control of the stronger pwm signal of 4 road power, the 12V DC bus of input is converted to initial turning 12V direct current (DC), and the galvanic polarity of initial turning 12V is determined by the target gear of gear shift;
(27) turning 12V direct current (DC), this lead-in wire, for turning 12V DC power line, is connected to gear shift DC machine, can, according to the rotation direction of the Polarity Control gear shift DC machine of turning 12V direct current, realize the switching of high and low shift interdigit.
(28) the AD(analog quantity that gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit is connected to MCU turns digital quantity) gather port, MCU obtains gear shift DC machine drive current size by this port, realizes overcurrent protection function;
The utility model is controlled main drive motor to be divided into three kinds of patterns: (1) torque mode; (2) free schema; (3) rotating speed pattern.
(1) torque mode: normal vehicle operation, do not need to carry out gear-change operation, integrated controller is controlled main drive motor by the chaufeur signal of collection and the pattern of signals of vehicles employing torque closed loop, drives Vehicle Driving Cycle;
(2) free schema: need carry out gear-change operation, integrated controller cuts off the power supply of main drive motor, main drive motor idle running, so that change-speed box incision neutral gear;
(3) rotating speed pattern: change-speed box is positioned at neutral gear, according to current vehicle speed and gear ratios to be joined, calculate the rotating speed of target of main drive motor, integrated controller adopts the pattern of speed closed loop to control main drive motor, make main drive motor rotating speed and this rotating speed of target coupling, meet shift condition.The absolute difference that rotating speed coupling is defined as to main drive motor rotating speed and this rotating speed of target is less than setting threshold, for example, is less than 50r/min;
The utility model is divided into three kinds of mode of operations by two-speed transmission: (1) low grade; (2) top grade; (3) neutral gear.
(1) low grade, two-speed transmission, can transmitted power, the rotating speed of main drive motor and the speed ratio of vehicle wheel rotational speed maximum in bonding state.
(2) top grade, two-speed transmission, can transmitted power, the rotating speed of main drive motor and the speed ratio of vehicle wheel rotational speed minimum in bonding state.
(3) neutral gear, two-speed transmission is in bonding state not, can not transmitted power, between the rotating speed of main drive motor and vehicle wheel rotational speed, there is no association.
The mode of operation of above-mentioned integrated controller is:
The first step, system powers on, and integrated controller is controlled Transmission gear initialization.
The effect of this step is that when car load is started, change-speed box is for low-grade, and abnormal power-down in the process of anti-locking system gear switch, causes Transmission gear position uncertain simultaneously.After system powers on, integrated controller cuts off main drive motor power supply, makes main drive motor there is no power output, and integrated controller drives gear shifting motor, controls gear-shifting actuating mechanism, and two-speed transmission incision is low-grade.
Concrete control process: now integrated controller is ignored acceleration pedal signal and the brake pedal signal of actual acquisition, integrated controller is by main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit, close the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, cut off the power supply of main drive motor, main drive motor does not have power output.Integrated controller gathers gear positions feedback signal, if gear positions feedback is not low-grade, comprise the middle optional position of top grade, neutral gear or gear, MCU is by gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit, control the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the 12V direct current (DC) of output particular polarity is to gear shift DC machine, drive gear shift DC machine to rotate along specific direction, by gear-shifting actuating mechanism shift fork, move, until gear positions feedback signal is low-grade, MCU controls turning 12V direct current (DC) and stops output, and change-speed box is hung into low grade.
Enter second step.
Second step, integrated controller, according to chaufeur incoming signal and vehicle feedback signal, is controlled main drive motor and is operated in torque mode.
Concrete control process: now integrated controller gathers actual acceleration pedal signal and brake pedal signal, controls main drive motor running in MCU inside with the pattern of torque closed loop, makes main drive motor be operated in drive pattern or braking energy take-back model.
Enter the 3rd step.
The 3rd step, whether integrated controller needs gear shift according to vehicle feedback signal and chaufeur input-signal judging.
Concrete control process: now integrated controller judges whether to need gear shift according to vehicle feedback signal (electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage signal, electrokinetic cell DC bus stream signal, main drive motor rotor-position signal, main drive motor temperature signal, main drive motor three-phase current signal, Transmission gear position signal, vehicle speed signal, gear shifting motor current signal) and chaufeur incoming signal (acceleration pedal signal and brake pedal signal), while judging whether gear shift, adopt double-deck master mode, comprise dynamic property layer and economy layer.Dynamic property is relevant with safety, guarantees that vehicle possesses the shortest acceleration demand, can fast speed completes the dangerous working condition such as overtake other vehicles, thus in the selection of master mode the priority of dynamic property layer higher than economy layer.After meeting the prerequisite of dynamic property, then make main drive motor be operated in high efficient area as far as possible, extend the continual mileage of the pure electric passenger vehicle of short distance.
If need gear shift, target setting gear value, enters the 4th step; If do not need gear shift, enter second step.
The 4th step, integrated controller cuts off the power supply of main drive motor, main drive motor freedom of entry pattern.
Concrete control process: now integrated controller is ignored acceleration pedal signal and the brake pedal signal of actual acquisition, integrated controller is by main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit, close the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, cut off the power supply of main drive motor, main drive motor does not have power output.
Enter the 5th step.
The 5th step, integrated controller drives gear shifting motor running, controls gear-shifting actuating mechanism two-speed transmission is cut to neutral gear.
Concrete control process: MCU is by gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit, control the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the 12V direct current (DC) of output particular polarity is to gear shift DC machine, drive gear shift DC machine to rotate along specific direction, by gear-shifting actuating mechanism shift fork, move, until gear positions feedback signal is neutral gear, MCU controls turning 12V direct current (DC) and stops output, and change-speed box is hung into neutral gear.
Enter the 6th step.
The 6th step, integrated controller is controlled main drive motor and is entered rotating speed pattern, according to current vehicle speed and gear ratios to be joined, calculates the rotating speed of target of main drive motor, integrated controller is controlled main drive motor speed governing, makes main drive motor rotating speed and this rotating speed of target coupling.
Concrete control process: now integrated controller is ignored acceleration pedal signal and the brake pedal signal of actual acquisition, according to speed of a motor vehicle feedback signal and change-speed box gear ratios to be joined, calculate main drive motor rotating speed of target, integrated controller carries out speed control according to this rotating speed of target to main drive motor, makes this rotating speed of target of main drive motor rotating speed fast approaching.
Enter the 7th step.
The 7th step, judges whether main drive motor rotating speed and this rotating speed of target mate.
Concrete control process: adaptation condition is that the absolute value of the difference of main drive motor rotating speed and this rotating speed of target is less than certain threshold value, and this threshold value can be chosen for 50r/min.
If do not mated, enter the 6th step; If coupling enters the 8th step.
The 8th step, integrated controller cuts off the power supply of main drive motor, main drive motor freedom of entry pattern.
Concrete control process: now integrated controller is ignored acceleration pedal signal and the brake pedal signal of actual acquisition, integrated controller is by main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit, close the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, cut off the power supply of main drive motor, main drive motor does not have power output.
Enter the 9th step.
The 9th step, integrated controller drives gear shifting motor running, controls gear-shifting actuating mechanism two-speed transmission is cut to gear to be joined.
Concrete control process: MCU is by gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit, control the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the 12V direct current (DC) of output particular polarity is to gear shift DC machine, drive gear shift DC machine to rotate along specific direction, by gear-shifting actuating mechanism shift fork, move, until gear positions feedback signal is target shift place value, MCU controls turning 12V direct current (DC) and stops output, and change-speed box is hung into target gear.
Enter second step.
In the utility model, integrated controller adopts single MCU, can realize the function of main drive motor controller, gear shifting motor controller and DC/DC conv simultaneously, utilize fully MCU resource, reduce costs.
Concentrate designing power supply treatment circuit, the electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage of removing discrete part main drive motor controller is transformed into the circuit of 12V direct current, directly the electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage of use DC/DC conv is transformed into the circuit of 12V direct current, circuit structure is simplified, circuit card is less, can effectively reduce circuit card making sheet and component purchase cost.
Adopt single body skin, the heat spreader structures part of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that integrated design MOSFET forms, DC/DC change-over circuit output 12V direct current (DC) and gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit, reduced the quantity of radiating element, can reduce radiating piece cost, make integrated controller less on spatial volume, be easier to the layout on car load.
Wiring aspect, former discrete part main drive motor rotor-position signal, main drive motor temperature signal, main drive motor three-phase current signal, acceleration pedal signal, brake pedal signal demand offer main drive motor controller, gear shifting motor controller simultaneously, above-mentioned signal demand is drawn two cover wiring simultaneously, and wiring is complicated; Integrated controller of the present utility model adopts single MCU, and above-mentioned feedback signal only needs a set of wiring, and IO interface is the lead-in wire of dotted line frame outside in Fig. 1, and annexation during use is consistent with Fig. 2.Wiring is more succinct, can effectively reduce physical connection fault and ambient interference aspect wiring, and the reliability of elevator system, effectively reduces wire harness cost;
Aspect real-time: for transmit a large amount of control and feedback signal between discrete control unit, if adopt vehicle-mounted bus to connect, although can avoid the problem of wiring complexity, but because vehicle-mounted bus has adopted multiplexed transmission structure, the transmission cycle of message is restricted, according to < < automotive control system local area network (CAN bus) communication protocol the 5th part: application layer-vehicle > > regulation, the periodic transfer of the shortest employing 10ms, and when a plurality of messages send simultaneously, the message that priority is low can be lost arbitration, further affect transmission cycle, and then affect the real-time of control system.It is 1ms that integrated controller of the present utility model adopts control cycle, on system real time, than original system, can improve an order of magnitude, can produce following beneficial effect: the choice accuracy of (1) Shift gear moment is higher, gear incision choose opportunities is finer and smoother, rotating speed matching precision is higher, and shifting shock is less; (2) the gear shift cycle shorter, car load is because the power interruption time that gear shift produces is also shorter.
Integrated controller can disposal system abnormal power-down in the process of gear switch, causes two-speed transmission gear positions indeterminacy phenomenon.Be specially, after system powers on, integrated controller is controlled and is cut off main drive motor power supply, makes main drive motor keep static, and integrated controller drives gear shifting motor, controls gear-shifting actuating mechanism, and two-speed transmission incision is low-grade.
Gear-shifting control process is characterized as: integrated controller is according to vehicle feedback signal (electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage signal, electrokinetic cell DC bus stream signal, main drive motor rotor-position signal, main drive motor temperature signal, main drive motor three-phase current signal, Transmission gear position signal, vehicle speed signal, gear shifting motor current signal) and chaufeur incoming signal (acceleration pedal signal, brake pedal signal) judge whether to need gear shift, judge whether gear shift according to being to meet under the prerequisite of dynamic property, make main drive motor be operated in high efficient area as far as possible, extend the continual mileage of the pure electric passenger vehicle of short distance.If need gear shift, integrated controller cuts off the power supply of main drive motor, main drive motor freedom of entry pattern; Integrated controller drives gear shifting motor running, controls gear-shifting actuating mechanism two-speed transmission is cut to neutral gear; Integrated controller is controlled main drive motor and is entered rotating speed pattern, according to current vehicle speed and gear ratios to be joined, calculates the rotating speed of target of main drive motor, and integrated controller is controlled main drive motor speed governing, makes main drive motor rotating speed and this rotating speed of target coupling; After main drive motor rotating speed and this rotating speed of target coupling, integrated controller drives gear shifting motor running, controls gear-shifting actuating mechanism two-speed transmission is cut to gear to be joined.
The utility model integrated level is high, reliability is high, fast response time, be quick on the draw, and greatly promotes battery-driven car overall performance.

Claims (3)

1. a short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller, comprise controller housing and radiator, in controller housing, be provided with microcontroller, main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit, the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET form, the VDD-to-VSS line interface that it is characterized in that microcontroller is connected with 5VDC/DC change-over circuit mouth, the input end of 5VDC/DC change-over circuit is connected with electrokinetic cell DC bus input wires through 12VDC/DC change-over circuit, the AD of microcontroller gathers on port and is connected with respectively the external supply current Acquisition Circuit of 12V direct current, 12V vdc Acquisition Circuit, electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage collection circuit, main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit, main drive motor temperature collection circuit, acceleration pedal Acquisition Circuit, brake pedal Acquisition Circuit, MOSFET temperature signal collection circuit and gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit, on the seizure port of microcontroller, be connected with respectively main drive motor rotor-position signal Acquisition Circuit and vehicle speed signal Acquisition Circuit, three railway digital IO of microcontroller gather on port and are connected with gear positions signal acquisition circuit, the input end of the external supply current Acquisition Circuit of 12V direct current and 12V vdc Acquisition Circuit is connected with the mouth of 12VDC/DC change-over circuit, the external supply current Acquisition Circuit of 12V direct current mouth is provided with the output connection of 12V DC bus, electrokinetic cell DC bus-bar voltage collection circuit is connected with electrokinetic cell DC bus input wires, main drive motor temperature collection circuit, acceleration pedal Acquisition Circuit, brake pedal Acquisition Circuit, main drive motor rotor-position signal Acquisition Circuit, on the input end of vehicle speed signal Acquisition Circuit and gear positions signal acquisition circuit, be respectively equipped with acquisition of signal wiring, the input end of main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit is connected with 6 road PWM output ports of microcontroller, mouth is connected with the control end of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the mouth of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is connected with the input end of main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit, and the mouth of main drive motor three phase current Acquisition Circuit is provided with three plase alternating current output connection, the input end of gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit is connected with 4 road PWM output ports of microcontroller, mouth is connected with the control end of the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms, the mouth of the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is connected with the input end of gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit, and gear shift DC machine drive current Acquisition Circuit mouth is provided with the galvanic output connection of the turning 12V of output, the power end of the gear shift DC machine H bridge circuit that main drive motor three-phase MOSFET driving circuit, gear shift DC machine MOSFET driving circuit and MOSFET form is connected with 12V DC bus, and the power end of the main drive motor three-phase H bridge circuit that MOSFET forms is provided with electrokinetic cell DC bus input wires.
2. short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described electrokinetic cell DC bus ground terminal is connected with one end of capacitor C 1, the other end of capacitor C 1 is connected with one end of resistance R 1, resistance R 2, capacitor C 2, and the other end of capacitor C 2 is connected with 5V DC bus ground terminal; 12V DC bus ground terminal is connected with one end of capacitor C 4; The other end of capacitor C 4 is connected with one end of resistance R 3, resistance R 4, capacitor C 5, and the other end of capacitor C 3 is connected with 5V DC bus ground terminal; Resistance R 1, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, the other end of resistance R 4 and the ground terminal of controller housing are connected.
3. short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller according to claim 2, is characterized in that the resistance of described resistance R 1, R2, R3, R4 is 20 ohm, and the capacitance of capacitor C 1, C2, C3, C4 is 2.2nF.
CN201420383099.3U 2014-07-11 2014-07-11 Short distance pure electric vehicle integrated controller Withdrawn - After Issue CN204020601U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104210372A (en) * 2014-07-11 2014-12-17 王大方 Drive motor-transmission-DC/DC (direct current/direct current) convertor integrated controller for short-distance full electric vehicle
CN110758112A (en) * 2019-10-12 2020-02-07 北京北方华德尼奥普兰客车股份有限公司 Control method of integrated assembly controller

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104210372A (en) * 2014-07-11 2014-12-17 王大方 Drive motor-transmission-DC/DC (direct current/direct current) convertor integrated controller for short-distance full electric vehicle
CN104210372B (en) * 2014-07-11 2016-04-20 王大方 Short distance pure electric vehicle driving motor, change-speed box, DC/DC conv integrated controller
CN110758112A (en) * 2019-10-12 2020-02-07 北京北方华德尼奥普兰客车股份有限公司 Control method of integrated assembly controller

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