CN203929706U - Lambda sensor - Google Patents
Lambda sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN203929706U CN203929706U CN201420141707.XU CN201420141707U CN203929706U CN 203929706 U CN203929706 U CN 203929706U CN 201420141707 U CN201420141707 U CN 201420141707U CN 203929706 U CN203929706 U CN 203929706U
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- Prior art keywords
- lambda sensor
- fuel
- electrolyte
- utility
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of fuel cell lambda sensor, comprising: oxygen cathode; For controlling oxygen to the diffusion control device of the speed of negative electrode diffusion; Fuel; Can obtain by the electrochemical oxidation of fuel the electro-catalysis anode of electric current; And electrolyte, described fuel meat or be dissolved in fully in described electrolyte.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to electrochemical sensor, relates in particular to lambda sensor.
Background technology
From 20th century the seventies, oxygen sensor (galvanic oxygen sensor) is to be developed and first electrochemical sensor of the marketization.
Its simplest a kind of pattern of lambda sensor based on electrochemical principle work is exactly two electrode systems.Modal pattern comprises lead anode and oxygen cathode.Its working electrode and electrode is separated by skim electrolytic solution and via a very little resistance UNICOM external circuit.When gas diffuses into after sensor, on sensitive electrode surface, be oxidized or reduction reaction generation current by external circuit two electrodes of flowing through.The size of this electric current and the concentration of gas are proportional, can be measured by the load resistance of external circuit.
For reaction can be occurred, the current potential of sensitive electrode must remain in a specific scope.But when the concentration of gas increases, kinetic current also increases, so cause electrode potential to change (polarization).Because two electrodes couple together by a simple load resistance, although the current potential of sensitive electrode also can change along with the current potential one to electrode.If the concentration of gas constantly raises, the current potential of sensitive electrode finally likely shifts out its allowed band.So far sensor is non-linear, so the upper limit concentration that two-electrode gas sensor detects is subject to certain limitation.
To polarization of electrode, suffered restriction can be introduced three-electrode system (being third electrode, reference electrode and the constant potential operating circuit that utilizes an outside) and avoided.In a kind of like this device, sensitive electrode curve keeps a fixed value with respect to reference electrode.In reference electrode, no current flows through, so these two electrodes all maintain a constant current potential.To electrode, still can polarize, but sensor has not been produced to any restriction.
Such lambda sensor has lot of advantages.Their compactnesses, reliably, not electricity consumption and can be across accepting temperature range operation without heating.Although they can provide gratifying performance, its leaded fact has caused concern now, and nowadays people are actively finding new lead-free recipe.The selection of available metal is limited to the content of periodic table and their alloy, and the success or not of this classpath judges by substituting the success of plumbous oxygen sensor.
What the unleaded lambda sensor having come into the market adopted is above-described three-electrode system, therefore structurally more complicated, and and the lambda sensor of existing type between there is the incompatible problem of pin.
Therefore, people need to develop the unleaded lambda sensor of a kind of employing two electrode systems, its not only compact, reliably, not electricity consumption, can be across accepting temperature range operation without heating, and environmentally friendly.
Utility model content
In view of the above-mentioned subject matter of mentioning, the fuel cell lambda sensor of setting forth in the utility model, comprise: oxygen cathode, for controlling oxygen to the diffusion control device of the speed of negative electrode diffusion, fuel, can obtain by the electrochemical oxidation of fuel the electro-catalysis anode of electric current, and electrolyte, described fuel meat or be dissolved in fully in described electrolyte.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, negative electrode platiniferous.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, negative electrode is containing gold.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, negative electrode argentiferous.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, negative electrode carbon containing.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, diffusion control device is hole.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, diffusion control device is microporous barrier.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, diffusion control device is non-porous film.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, anode platiniferous.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, fuel is alcohol.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, electrolyte is acid.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, electrolyte is alkaline.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, the electric current producing discharges by resistor.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, fuel is 1,2-ethylene glycol (ethylene glycol).
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, fuel is Glycerin (glycerine).
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, electrolyte sulfur acid.
In an embodiment of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model, electrolyte is containing potassium hydroxide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is according to the schematic diagram of the fuel cell lambda sensor of the utility model one embodiment.
Embodiment
In order to understand better the utility model, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated.But protection domain of the present utility model is not only confined to the following examples.Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the utility model, within the scope that these equivalent form of values limit at appended claims equally.
In lambda sensor of the present utility model, the oxygen that enters sensor from air can strictly be controlled by following three kinds of modes conventionally:
1. little pore;
2. the microporous barrier of low-permeability;
3. non-porous film.
First two mode provides and is directly proportional to oxygen number percent and in effective range, is linear value, is not therefore subject to the impact of change of atmospheric pressure.These modes are comparatively conventional, are widely used in industry and pharmacy industry.The third mode provides partial pressure value, and can be used to the specialized application such as underwater respiring system, conventionally linear in 100%.
On the other hand, inventor attempts to use other materials to substitute the new unleaded lambda sensor of lead electrode to obtain, these equivalent material can comprise some metals and the alloy thereof in periodic table, but in fact metal is not unique material that can be used as anode, molecule-fuel that can be oxidized-also can be used as material of anode.In principle, fuel can be the form of gas, solid or liquid.Gas volume is excessive, is not easy to store, and therefore in practical operation, can not adopt.
We consider to use solid in the electrolyte dissolve in selected acidity or alkalescence and the fuel of liquid form.Alkaline electrolyte may be preferred, because base metal material can be used for current-carrying, but they are easy to by carbonating, selects alkaline electrolyte to be conducive to suppress the generation of this kind of phenomenon, in selection material, this factor must be taken into account.Described carbonating is that the oxidation product due to carbon-containing fuel causes, rather than caused by airborne carbon dioxide.Specifically, because the ratio of Carbon Dioxide in Air is originally just very low, even compare with the oxygen content that the mode strictly to limit is introduced this lambda sensor from air, the content of carbon dioxide also will low several orders of magnitude, and therefore airborne carbon dioxide is not the reason that causes base metal material carbonating.
The desired characteristic of selected fuel comprises:
1. hypotoxicity, there is no benefit because substitute another kind of toxic ingredient with a kind of toxic ingredient;
2. low volatility, otherwise fuel can be because evaporation and loss;
3. the dissolubility in electrolyte, otherwise fuel cannot react with gratifying degree at anode place;
4. low-freezing, makes fuel/electrolyte mixture in wide as far as possible scope, to be used for operating thus;
5. high-energy-density, not only has low molecular weight, and each molecule discharges a plurality of electronics when oxidation;
6. the oxidation product at anode place should not be preferably insoluble, and must not cause electrode catalyst poisoning.
A fluid-like state fuel that meets most these requirements is liquid polyol, specifically ethylene glycol (1,2-ethylene glycol) seemingly.Ethylene glycol toxicity is low, and in preferred design, its liquid temperature scope is for approximately-50 ℃ to more than 100 ℃, and is developing and do not observing during prototype test solid reaction products.
Therefore, the component part of fuel cell comprises: negative electrode (oxygen electrode), contains platinum, gold or silver-colored conventionally; Control oxygen to the diffusion control device of the speed of negative electrode diffusion; Electro-catalysis anode, preferably comprises platinum black catalyst; And electrolyte/fuel mixture.This fuel cell continued operation, the electric current producing discharges to produce the current potential of 1 to 15 millivolt by being generally the resistors in parallel of 100 Ω, and this depends on the diameter of hole or the character of aforementioned other diffusion control mechanism.Produce the electric current of such current potential thus conventionally in the scope of 10 to 150 milliamperes.
Fig. 1 is according to the schematic diagram of the fuel cell lambda sensor of the utility model one embodiment.
By the hole in disk 3, control the process that oxygen enters sensor from air, this hole is by porous PTFE film 1 and 4 protections.At negative electrode 6 places, oxygen molecule is reduced into hydroxide ion.This reaction needed is passed through external circuit (normally pull-up resistor) in osculatory 5 supplies electrons from osculatory 8, this electronics is that the fuel such as ethylene glycol (1,2-ethylene glycol) by being dissolved in electrolyte is supplied in the oxidation at catalytic activity anode 7 places.Fuel/electrolyte mixture is kept in container 9, thereby the fuel that antianode 7 places consume supplements.Hydroxide ion is shifted to anode to complete internal circuit by electrolyte from negative electrode, makes thus the imbalance of electric charge be able to balance.Whole assembly is accommodated in shell 9.The amount of the electric current producing depends on the number percent of oxygen in the air adjacent with sensor entrance.
In an embodiment of the practical operation of the fuel cell lambda sensor shown in Fig. 1, airborne oxygen sees through PTFE film 1, in a controlled manner by the hole in disk 3, by PTFE film 4, arrives negative electrode 6.At catalytic activity anode 7 places, there is oxidation reaction in fuel, the electronics discharging is derived by osculatory 8, by external circuit (comprising pull-up resistor), arrive osculatory 5, then these electronics contact from airborne oxygen with above-mentioned on negative electrode 6, and reduction forms hydroxide ion.The hydroxide ion of this formation moves to anode 7 from negative electrode 6 under electromotive force effect.Described electronics is moving to the process of osculatory 5 from osculatory 8 by external circuit, externally in circuit, produces corresponding electric current and electromotive force, by measuring this electric current and electromotive force, can determine exactly the number percent of oxygen in the air that enters this sensor.
Two examples of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model are below described.
Example 1
Alkaline fuel cell lambda sensor, by au cathode, platinum black anode, be of a size of the diffusion hole of 10 to 100 microns and the electrolyte consisting of the ethylene glycol of percentage by weight 25% and the 4M potassium hydroxide of percentage by weight 75%.
Example 2
Acidic fuel cell lambda sensor, by platinum cathode, platinum black anode, be of a size of the diffusion hole of 10 to 100 microns and the electrolyte consisting of the ethylene glycol of percentage by weight 75% and the 4M sulfuric acid of percentage by weight 25%.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above example is only two examples of fuel cell lambda sensor of the present utility model.
Herein the unleaded lambda sensor of described employing two electrode systems not only compact, reliably, not electricity consumption and can be across accepting temperature range operation without heating, and environmentally friendly.
Claims (10)
1. a lambda sensor, comprising:
Oxygen cathode,
For controlling oxygen to the diffusion control device of the speed of negative electrode diffusion,
Fuel,
Can obtain by the electrochemical oxidation of described fuel the electro-catalysis anode of electric current, and
Electrolyte, described fuel meat or be dissolved in fully in described electrolyte.
2. lambda sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described diffusion control device is hole.
3. lambda sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described diffusion control device is microporous barrier.
4. lambda sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described diffusion control device is non-porous film.
5. lambda sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described fuel is alcohol.
6. lambda sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described electrolyte is acid.
7. lambda sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described electrolyte is alkaline.
8. lambda sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the electric current producing discharges by resistor.
9. lambda sensor as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described fuel is 1,2-ethylene glycol.
10. lambda sensor as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described fuel is Glycerin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420141707.XU CN203929706U (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | Lambda sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420141707.XU CN203929706U (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | Lambda sensor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203929706U true CN203929706U (en) | 2014-11-05 |
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| CN201420141707.XU Expired - Lifetime CN203929706U (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | Lambda sensor |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104950029A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-09-30 | 达特传感器（深圳）有限公司 | Oxygen sensor |
| CN105987942A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2016-10-05 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Lead-free primary battery type oxygen sensor |
| CN106383155A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-02-08 | 深圳市深安旭传感技术有限公司 | New-energy vehicle hydrogen sensor with gas diffusion channel |
| CN106596684A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-04-26 | 深圳市深安旭传感技术有限公司 | Hydrogen sensor |
| CN106770582A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳市深安旭传感技术有限公司 | Used in new energy vehicles hydrogen gas sensor |
| CN108254420A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-06 | 深圳市普晟传感技术有限公司 | A kind of hydrogen gas sensor for quickly detection low-concentration hydrogen |
-
2014
- 2014-03-26 CN CN201420141707.XU patent/CN203929706U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104950029A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-09-30 | 达特传感器（深圳）有限公司 | Oxygen sensor |
| WO2015143954A1 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-10-01 | 达特传感器（深圳）有限公司 | Oxygen sensor |
| CN104950029B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2018-10-23 | 达特传感器（深圳）有限公司 | Lambda sensor |
| CN105987942A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2016-10-05 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Lead-free primary battery type oxygen sensor |
| CN105987942B (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2019-08-23 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Unleaded galvanic cell type lambda sensor |
| CN106383155A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-02-08 | 深圳市深安旭传感技术有限公司 | New-energy vehicle hydrogen sensor with gas diffusion channel |
| CN106596684A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-04-26 | 深圳市深安旭传感技术有限公司 | Hydrogen sensor |
| CN106770582A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳市深安旭传感技术有限公司 | Used in new energy vehicles hydrogen gas sensor |
| CN108254420A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-06 | 深圳市普晟传感技术有限公司 | A kind of hydrogen gas sensor for quickly detection low-concentration hydrogen |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20141105 |