CN203908286U - Diamond blah grinding block sintering furnace - Google Patents
Diamond blah grinding block sintering furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203908286U CN203908286U CN201320889086.9U CN201320889086U CN203908286U CN 203908286 U CN203908286 U CN 203908286U CN 201320889086 U CN201320889086 U CN 201320889086U CN 203908286 U CN203908286 U CN 203908286U
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- heater
- pid adjuster
- programmable logic
- logic controller
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009699 differential effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a diamond blah grinding block sintering furnace which comprises a furnace body, a heating circuit, a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of pressure sensors, a PID (proportional-integral-derivative) regulator and a programmable controller, wherein the heating circuit, the temperature sensors, the pressure sensors, the PID regulator and the programmable controller are arranged in the furnace body; the PID regulator is used for receiving observed temperature values provided by the temperature sensors and pressure values provided by the pressure sensors, converting the pressure values into indirect temperature values according to an ideal gas state equation, comparing the observed temperature values and the indirect temperature values with a set temperature value to obtain a deviation value, performing PID calculation to the deviation value to obtain a controlled quantity and then transferring the controlled quantity to the programmable controller; the programmable controller is connected with the heating circuit and used for controlling the heating circuit to perform temperature regulation according to the controlled quantity provided by the PID regulator. According to the diamond blah grinding block sintering furnace, the internal temperature of the furnace body can be accurately regulated, and the uniformity of the internal temperature of the furnace body is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of diamond Brad grinding block sintering furnace.
Background technology
Diamond Brad grinding block is mainly used in grinding and the polishing of the stone material such as marble and granite automatic assembly line, has sharpness good, and grinding force is strong, grinding efficiency is high, abrasion resistance is good, can bear larger load, can meet the significantly characteristic such as requirement of high-speed grinding and accurate grinding technology.Taking diamond particles as abrasive particle, form bonding agent by the powder of various metals or metallic compound, form through high temperature sintering.
The sintering process of diamond Brad grinding block completes in well formula resistance furnace, and sintering temperature general control is below 900 DEG C.The uniformity of furnace temperature is the important technical parameter that ensures diamond Brad grinding block quality, most Temperature Control of Electric Resistance Furnace mode can not ensure that in stove, temperature is adjusted in real time, can not ensure the uniformity of temperature, in addition in order to enhance productivity, the disposing way of Bradley abrading block mould in resistance furnace is the mode that stack is put mutually, this mode has had a strong impact on the being heated evenly property of each Bradley abrading block, causes the mass discrepancy of Bradley abrading block in same stove large, affects quality and the yield rate of Bradley abrading block.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides the one can fine adjustment body of heater internal temperature, and ensures the inhomogeneity a kind of diamond Brad grinding block sintering furnace of body of heater internal temperature.
The purpose of this utility model realizes by following technical solution:
A kind of diamond Brad grinding block sintering furnace, comprises body of heater, is arranged at the heater circuit in body of heater, it is characterized in that: also comprise
Multiple temperature sensors, it is inner and be connected with PID adjuster input that subregion is arranged in body of heater, for detection of the each regional temperature in body of heater inside and pass to PID adjuster;
Multiple pressure sensors, it is inner and be connected with PID adjuster input that subregion is arranged in body of heater, for detection of the each areal pressure in body of heater inside and pass to PID adjuster;
PID adjuster, be connected with Programmable Logic Controller, the force value providing for receiving observed temperature value that temperature sensor provides and pressure sensor, and convert force value to indirect temperature value according to The Ideal-Gas Equation, observed temperature value and indirect temperature value and set temperature value are compared and draw deviate, deviate is carried out to PID computing and draw controlled quentity controlled variable, then controlled quentity controlled variable is passed to Programmable Logic Controller;
Programmable Logic Controller, is connected with heater circuit, carries out temperature adjusting work for the controlled quentity controlled variable control heater circuit providing according to PID adjuster.
Further, the utility model also comprises the interior circulating fan that is arranged at body of heater inside, interior circulating fan is connected with Programmable Logic Controller output, PID adjuster can compare each observed temperature value and each indirect temperature value, in the time that the difference of any two temperatures value is greater than preset value, PID adjuster generates fan starting instruction and passes to Programmable Logic Controller, and Programmable Logic Controller starts blower fan according to this instruction, so that the temperature in the inner each region of body of heater is even.
Further, the utility model also comprises the support for carrying Bradley abrading block mould, and this support is provided with vertically spaced apart some pallets.
The utlity model has following beneficial effect:
The utility model is in obtaining observed temperature value by temperature sensor, also obtain force value by pressure sensor, and according to The Ideal-Gas Equation, force value is converted into indirect temperature value, by the redundancy of observed temperature and indirect temperature, feed back more exactly each regional temperature of body of heater inside, guarantee the validity and reliability of controlling.
PID adjuster compares the observed temperature value of obtaining and indirect temperature value and set temperature value to draw deviate, deviate is carried out to PID computing and draw controlled quentity controlled variable, then controlled quentity controlled variable is passed to Programmable Logic Controller, the controlled quentity controlled variable control heater circuit that Programmable Logic Controller provides according to PID adjuster carries out temperature adjusting work.
In body of heater inside, interior circulating fan is set, and is arranged in the time that the difference of any two temperatures value is greater than preset temperature value, start blower fan and carry out work, to ensure the temperature homogeneity in the inner each region of body of heater.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is functional block diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the spatial distribution map of the utility model temperature sensor.
Fig. 3 is the spatial distribution map of the utility model pressure sensor.
Fig. 4 is control principle drawing of the present utility model.
The support that Fig. 5 provides for the utility model and the Pareto diagram of Bradley abrading block mould.
Fig. 6 is the Pareto diagram of Bradley abrading block mould on pallet.。
Fig. 7 is temperature profile of the present utility model.
Detailed description of the invention
Shown in Fig. 7, a kind of diamond Brad grinding block sintering furnace, comprise body of heater (not shown), heater circuit 6, temperature sensor 2, pressure sensor 4, PID adjuster 3, interior circulating fan 5, PLC Programmable Logic Controller 1 and support, wherein, sintering furnace is well formula resistance furnace, its body of heater and heater circuit 6 are prior art, here no longer describe in detail.
Temperature sensor 2 is arranged at body of heater inside, have eight, adopt the industrial nickel chromium triangle-nisiloy of II level (K type) armoured thermocouple, the distribution of thermocouple as shown in Figure 2, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h represents eight temperature sensors, each thermocouple is measured the temperature of regional in the mode of measurement of comparison each other, a and b reference each other, measure the temperature in same level, b and c reference each other, measure temperature in perpendicular, by that analogy, thereby accurately obtain the temperature in the inner each region of body of heater, temperature sensor 2 is connected with PID adjuster 3 inputs, for detection of the each regional temperature in body of heater inside and pass to PID adjuster 3,
Pressure sensor 4 is arranged at body of heater inside, have three, the distribution mode of pressure sensor 4 as shown in Figure 3, i, j, k represent three pressure sensors 4, pressure sensor 4 is connected with PID adjuster 3 inputs, for detection of the each areal pressure in body of heater inside and pass to PID adjuster 3, the force value that PID adjuster 3 provides pressure sensor 4 by The Ideal-Gas Equation is converted into indirect temperature value.
PID adjuster 3 is connected with Programmable Logic Controller 1, the force value providing for receiving observed temperature value that temperature sensor 2 provides and pressure sensor 4, and convert force value to indirect temperature value according to The Ideal-Gas Equation, observed temperature value and indirect temperature value and set temperature value are compared and draw deviate, deviate is carried out to PID computing and draw controlled quentity controlled variable, then controlled quentity controlled variable is passed to Programmable Logic Controller 1.
The output of Programmable Logic Controller 1 is connected with heater circuit 6 and interior circulating fan 5 respectively, carry out temperature adjusting work and control interior circulating fan 5 and work for the controlled quentity controlled variable control heater circuit 6 providing according to PID adjuster 3, PID adjuster 3 can compare each observed temperature value and each indirect temperature value, in the time of 5 DEG C of the differences of any two temperatures value, PID adjuster 3 generates fan starting instruction and passes to Programmable Logic Controller 1, circulating fan 6 in Programmable Logic Controller 1 starts according to this instruction, body of heater internal gas circulates and makes the temperature in each region even under interior circulating fan 6 effects.
Support is used for carrying Bradley abrading block mould 8, and this support is made up of column 71 and some pallets 72, and pallet 72 vertically interval is arranged on column 71.
The theoretical foundation of this sintering heating temperature control is as follows:
The temperature and pressure functional relation that The Ideal-Gas Equation is fixed at volume one and electric energy conversion are heat energy the heat transfer type by radiation and convection current.
(1) by The Ideal-Gas Equation
PV=nRT
In formula, the amount of substance that n is furnace gas, R is constant.
Known resistance stove inner volume is definite value, and resistance furnace is airtight, and furnace gas amount of substance is constant, and the pressure P of furnace gas is directly proportional to temperature T, and along with the rising of temperature in stove, pressure is also in continuous rising.When sintered body is when carrying out heat radiation, heat exchange around, measure the pressure in stove by pressure sensor, and be converted to temperature value by The Ideal-Gas Equation, with this coordinate temperature value that thermocouple records totally 11 measured values judge and control the uniformity of temperature in stove, more reliable.
(2) in resistance furnace inside, be heat energy the heat transfer type heated parts by radiation and convection current by heating by electric energy conversion, conventionally can use model description
In formula, temperature rise in X-resistance furnace (referring to temperature and the room temperature temperature difference in stove); K-amplification coefficient; τ
0-pure delay time; T-heat time; T-time coefficient; V-control voltage.
Surface of the work obtains after heat, transmits immediately with the centripetal portion of mode of heat conduction.In the time that workpiece heats, its interior temperature distribution changes in time and constantly, and its conduction process belongs to unsteady heat conduction.The temperature variations of surface of the work and heart portion is decided by the heat exchange of surface of the work and surrounding medium and the conduction process of inside workpiece.The subject matter that workpiece heating is calculated is: determine heated object interior temperature distribution rule over time.
Temperature control adopts PID control technology to control in the ratio of deviation, integration and differentiation.The PID formula of actual temperature control is:
P
out(t)=K
p*e(t)+K
i*∑e(t)+K
d*(e(t)-e(t-1))
In formula, e (t)---the deviation of actual measurement temperature and design temperature; P
out(t)---the controlled quentity controlled variable of adjuster output; K
pthat ratio regulates parameter; K
iit is integral adjustment parameter; K
dthat differential regulates parameter;
These three basic parameter K
p, K
i, K
deffect in working control:
(a), proportional control action: be the deviation of reaction system in proportion, once deviation has appearred in system, ratio regulates and produces immediately regulating action in order to reduce deviation.Proportional action is large, can accelerate to regulate, and reduces error, but excessive ratio makes the stability decreases of system, even causes the unstable of system.
(b), autocatalytic reset action: be to make system eliminate steady-state error, improve without margin.Because there is error, integral adjustment just carries out, until error free, integral adjustment stops, often value of integral adjustment output one.The power of integral action depends on integration time constant Ti (Ki=1/Ti), and Ti is less, and integral action is stronger, otherwise Ti is greatly a little less than integral action, adds integral adjustment can make the stability of a system decline, and dynamic response is slack-off.
(c), derivation regulating action: the differential action reflects the rate of change of system deviation signal, has foresight, can predict the trend of change of error, therefore can produce leading control action, before deviation does not also form, is eliminated by derivation regulating action.Therefore, can improve the dynamic property of system.Select suitable in the situation that, can reduce overshoot in derivative time, reduce the adjusting time.The differential action has amplification to noise jamming, and therefore the excessively strong differential that adds regulates, unfavorable to system rejection to disturbance.In addition, what differential reacted is rate of change, and in the time that input does not change, the differential action is output as zero.
(3) technology that realizes of this intelligent temperature control is pressure control (temperature control indirectly) and thermocouple control (directly temperature control) redundancy, guarantees the validity and reliability of controlling.
Specific works mode is as follows:
(1), the Bradley abrading block mould 8 that mixed-powder is housed be placed on the pallet 72 of support and send in body of heater, the arrangement mode of Bradley abrading block mould 8 on pallet 72 is to arrange the circle spacing, gap between adjacent two Bradley abrading block moulds 8 on pallet 72 is greater than the volume of single Bradley abrading block mould 8, be specially on a pallet 72 five Bradley abrading block moulds are set, the Bradley abrading block mould 8 on adjacent two pallets 72 is staggered.
(2), Programmable Logic Controller 1 is worked according to default temperature curve control heater circuit 6, and obtain the controlled quentity controlled variable of heater circuit 6 by PID adjuster 3, PID adjuster 3 obtains the observed temperature value in the inner each region of body of heater and obtains the indirect temperature value in the inner each region of body of heater according to three pressure sensors 4 according to eight temperature sensors 2, observed temperature value and indirect temperature value and set temperature value are compared and draw deviate, deviate is carried out to PID computing and draw controlled quentity controlled variable, then controlled quentity controlled variable is passed to Programmable Logic Controller 1, the controlled quentity controlled variable control heater circuit 6 that Programmable Logic Controller 1 provides according to PID adjuster 3 carries out temperature adjusting work.
When the difference of any two temperatures value of obtaining when PID adjuster 3 is greater than 5 DEG C, PID adjuster 3 generates fan starting instruction and passes to Programmable Logic Controller 1, circulating fan 5 in Programmable Logic Controller 1 starts according to this instruction, so that the temperature in the inner each region of body of heater is even.
Shown in Fig. 7, temperature curve is: heat 2 hours to temperature be 200 DEG C, be then incubated 0.5 hour; Heat again 1 hour to temperature be 300 DEG C, be then incubated 0.5 hour; Heat again 1 hour to temperature be 500 DEG C, be then incubated 0.5 hour; Heat again 1 hour to temperature be 800 DEG C, be then incubated 2 hours, when temperature retention time arrives, mixed-powder completes sintering, stops resistance furnace deenergization, no longer heating, carries out stove cold.
500 DEG C time, bonding agent starts to melt, and arrives 700 DEG C through certain hour, and diamond abrasive grain starts to be infiltrated, combined dose of coated coupling together; Temperature further raises and arrives 800 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, and diamond abrasive grain and bonding agent complete sintering, have good adhesion.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, therefore can not limit the scope that the utility model is implemented with this, the equivalence of doing according to the utility model claim and description changes and modifies, and all should still belong in the scope that the utility model patent contains.
Claims (3)
1. a diamond Brad grinding block sintering furnace, comprises body of heater, is arranged at the heater circuit in body of heater, it is characterized in that: also comprise
Multiple temperature sensors, it is inner and be connected with PID adjuster input that subregion is arranged in body of heater, for detection of the each regional temperature in body of heater inside and pass to PID adjuster;
Multiple pressure sensors, it is inner and be connected with PID adjuster input that subregion is arranged in body of heater, for detection of the each areal pressure in body of heater inside and pass to PID adjuster;
PID adjuster, is connected with Programmable Logic Controller;
Programmable Logic Controller, is connected with heater circuit.
2. a kind of diamond Brad grinding block sintering furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the interior circulating fan that is arranged at body of heater inside, interior circulating fan is connected with Programmable Logic Controller output, PID adjuster can compare each observed temperature value and each indirect temperature value, in the time that the difference of any two temperatures value is greater than preset value, PID adjuster generates fan starting instruction and passes to Programmable Logic Controller, Programmable Logic Controller starts blower fan according to this instruction, so that the temperature in the inner each region of body of heater is even.
3. a kind of diamond Brad grinding block sintering furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise the support for carrying Bradley abrading block mould, this support is provided with vertically spaced apart some pallets.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320889086.9U CN203908286U (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2013-12-30 | Diamond blah grinding block sintering furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320889086.9U CN203908286U (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2013-12-30 | Diamond blah grinding block sintering furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203908286U true CN203908286U (en) | 2014-10-29 |
Family
ID=51782551
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320889086.9U Expired - Lifetime CN203908286U (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2013-12-30 | Diamond blah grinding block sintering furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203908286U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118009742A (en) * | 2024-04-08 | 2024-05-10 | 湘潭新大粉末冶金技术有限公司 | Mobile terminal service system of full-digital vacuum dewaxing and pressurizing sintering furnace |
-
2013
- 2013-12-30 CN CN201320889086.9U patent/CN203908286U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118009742A (en) * | 2024-04-08 | 2024-05-10 | 湘潭新大粉末冶金技术有限公司 | Mobile terminal service system of full-digital vacuum dewaxing and pressurizing sintering furnace |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20141029 |