Background technology
Ingot casting is exactly by the aluminum melt through being up to the standards (determining according to alloy kind) 690 DEG C~720 DEG C time, by metaideophone instrument, be poured in the crystallizer (mould) with water cooling facility, make melt fill under gravity type, cooling, be frozen into the technical process with mold cavity shape aluminium ingot base, be that melt metal passes through crystallizer continuously, realize the ingot blank production technology of solidification and crystallization moulding.In engineering, this ingot ways is called for short to DC method, i.e. direct water-cooling ingot casting method.Because being subject to the restriction of casting unit bulk, the inferior strand length of each casting all can not exceed the scope that equipment allows, and therefore this method can only be semi-continuous.
When semicontinuous ingot casting, metal bath is imported outer wall equably with in water-cooled crystallizer, rapid solidification and crystallization under the acting in conjunction of crystallizer wall and crystallizer base, and form a firmer solidified shell.When in device to be crystallized, the horizontal liquid level of metal bath reach a certain height, the haulage gear of pig moulding machine just drive base together with being set in the solidified shell on base with certain speed continuously, move down equably.The part that is frozen into strand that is separated from crystallizer is subject to directly cooling from the secondary cooling water of crystallizer lower edge immediately, and the crystallizing layer of ingot blank also advances to central area and solidification and crystallization completely thereupon continuously.Reach after given size until strand length, stop ingot casting, unload strand, pig moulding machine base is got back to home position, completes a casting time.
Semicontinuous ingot casting method can be divided into two kinds of vertical or horizontals by the strand method of operation.The semicontinuous ingot casting of vertical direct water-cooling, is succeeded in developing by Frenchman for 1933.So far become the production method that copper, aluminium, magnesium, zinc and alloy ingot blank thereof extensively adopt.
Though the semicontinuous ingot casting method of vertical or horizontal for realizing continuously, solidification and crystallization process by using stably, in unit interval melt bring into total amount of heat in crystallizer must with keep balance by cooling channels such as crystallizer, cooling waters to space dispersed heat, otherwise normal technical process will be destroyed.The process characteristic of semicontinuous ingot casting is: the reasonable disposition in ingot casting process between running gate system and crystallization, reduce splashing and disturbance of metal liquid, and prevent sneaking into of the harmful substance such as oxide-film and slag inclusion; Can be continuously, stably melt metal is injected to crystallizer, therefore can adopt lower pouring temperature to carry out ingot casting, this is conducive to eliminate pore and the rarefaction defect of ingot casting; Taking water as cooling medium, the solidification and crystallization of ingot casting is to complete in extremely strong crossing under cool condition, and the densification of ingot casting crystalline structure, again because crystallization remains order of crystallization, has obvious directionality, and this is conducive to remove shrinkage cavity and crack defect; The length of ingot casting is longer, can rationally cut off according to job shop technological requirement, and this can reduce the loss of crop, back-end crop; Better than working condition with pig iron ingot casting method.
At present, the semicontinuous ingot casting of vertical direct water-cooling is single ingot casting, and the shortcoming of the semicontinuous single ingot casting of vertical direct water-cooling is as follows:
1, second-rate: because the contraction of condensation shell in crystallizer forms air gap, to produce serious Pian Xi Neoplasms on the surface of ingot casting, even occur surperficial drawing crack, bleedout phenomenon, because the instability of level control produces cold shut and dreg defect.
2, operating efficiency is lower: because of at every turn can only 6 meters of long ingot castings of ingot casting, with
magnesium alloy casting rod calculate, one ton of product of ingot casting needs 22 hours altogether.
3, production cost is higher: the founding time of 22 hours, and need to make melt always in heating and keeping warm mode, casting unit is always in start running status.Manpower, electric power, material resources are all among a large amount of consumption.
4, be difficult to realize the production operation of automation: because operating, there is no enough working spaces in extremely narrow crystallizer die cavity, so automatic controlling liquid level apparatus can not be installed, can only rely on experienced workman and carry out operation.
Current domestic Ye You enterprise carries out the mode of production of semicontinuous many ingot castings, produces 2 even simultaneously, controls separately wherein 1 by 2 people simultaneously; If produce 4 simultaneously, control separately wherein 1 by 4 people simultaneously and carry out the sea of faces and operate, if increase again radical, but because not having the position that many people stand to realize.In addition,, due to for example, because of melt (magnesium and magnesium alloy) oxidizing fire very easily in air, all do not realize at present the semicontinuous industrial production system of simultaneously casting more than 4 magnesium alloy ingot of vertical direct water-cooling both at home and abroad.
Utility model content
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of casting platform for ingot casting, cannot realize simply efficiently the problem of the semicontinuous many ingot castings casting of vertical direct water-cooling for solving prior art.
For achieving the above object and other relevant objects, the utility model provides a kind of casting platform for ingot casting, is connected with casting furnace by liquid-transport pipe-line, and described casting platform at least comprises: the crystallizer that has multiple ingot casting die cavities and can cast simultaneously many ingot castings; Be connected with described crystallizer for melt being branched to the shunting disk of the each ingot casting die cavity of described crystallizer; Funnel runner and pricker plug, described pricker plug is connected with described liquid-transport pipe-line, makes melt flow into described shunting disk through funnel runner by opening pricker plug; Buckle closure is connected at described crystallizer and with described shunting disk for the hot top that prevents in shunting disk or the melt generation condensation of funnel runner place is stopped up; Being connected in mutually casting machine with described crystallizer draws the ingot casting of condensation by dummy ingot bracket and makes when descending melt liquid level in crystallizer remain on the level control instrument of predeterminated position; Be loaded with the cooling water tank that cooling water also passes through the mobile cold fuse-element of cooling water.
Preferably, described crystallizer is provided with crystallizer housing outward, and the multiple ingot casting die cavities in described crystallizer are circularly and evenly distributed; Described crystallizer also comprise the connecting hole of the center of described crystallizer and be connected to connecting hole and multiple ingot casting die cavity between multiple brace summers.
Preferably, described crystallizer housing is provided with for passing into protection gas in case the air admission hole of the melt generation oxidizing fire that fluid stopping goes out to casting platform; Described crystallizer housing bottom is provided with some cooling water apopores.
Preferably, the quantity of ingot casting die cavity is 4~8.
Preferably, described shunting disk comprises: the liquid collecting bag of the melt flowing into from described funnel runner for splendid attire; Communicate with described liquid collecting bag and be placed in described liquid collecting bag outer surface for melt in described liquid collecting bag being branched to multiple shunting nozzles of the each ingot casting die cavity of described crystallizer; Be arranged at the connecting plate on described liquid collecting bag top.
Preferably, described in each, shunting nozzle comprises a base plate and two side plates that are arranged at described base plate both sides.
Preferably, described hot top comprises: hot top body, and described hot top body one side offers diffluence pass; Be installed in the hot top gland of described hot top bodies top; Be installed in the hot top pressure pad between described hot top body and described hot top gland; Be installed in the hot top heater of described hot top body bottom.
As mentioned above, a kind of casting platform for ingot casting of the present utility model, has following beneficial effect:
1, the casting platform in the utility model by employing have the crystallizer of multiple ingot casting die cavities and with the supporting structure such as shunting disk, hot top of crystallizer, can cast 6~8 ingot castings simultaneously, effectively improve the production efficiency of ingot casting, shorten the founding time of ingot casting, corresponding manpower, electric power, material resources all can be a large amount of saving, thereby reduced production cost.
2, the casting platform in the utility model is by adopting level control instrument, shortens the height of crystallizer, shrinks the air gap forming because of condensation shell, Pian Xi Neoplasms , drawing crack, bleedout, cold shut and the slag inclusion phenomenon on ingot casting surface are almost eliminated thus reduce.
3, the utility model, because having adopted shunting disk to carry out the steady distribution of melt, has expanded operating space, and automatic controlling liquid level apparatus can be installed, and has realized the automatic control that ingot casting is produced, and has reduced many destabilizing factors of bringing because of Artificial Control.
Detailed description of the invention
By particular specific embodiment, embodiment of the present utility model is described below, person skilled in the art scholar can understand other advantages of the present utility model and effect easily by the disclosed content of this description.
Refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 9.Notice, appended graphic the illustrated structure of this description, ratio, size etc., all contents in order to coordinate description to disclose only, understand and read for person skilled in the art scholar, not in order to limit the enforceable qualifications of the utility model, therefore the not technical essential meaning of tool, the adjustment of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size, do not affecting under effect that the utility model can produce and the object that can reach, all should still drop on the technology contents that the utility model discloses and obtain in the scope that can contain.Simultaneously, in this description, quote as " on ", the term of D score, " left side ", " right side ", " centre " and " " etc., also only for ease of understanding of narrating, but not in order to limit the enforceable scope of the utility model, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, changing under technology contents, when being also considered as the enforceable category of the utility model without essence.
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of casting platform for ingot casting, cannot realize simply efficiently the problem of the semicontinuous many ingot castings casting of vertical direct water-cooling for solving prior art.By describing principle and the embodiment of a kind of casting platform for ingot casting of the present utility model in detail, make those skilled in the art not need creative work can understand a kind of casting platform for ingot casting of the present utility model below.
The utility model provides a kind of casting platform for ingot casting, described casting platform is connected with casting furnace by liquid-transport pipe-line, as shown in Figure 1, described casting platform 1 at least comprises crystallizer 11, hot top 12, shunting disk 13, funnel runner (not shown), pricker plug (not shown), level control instrument (not shown) and cooling water tank 14.
The structure of crystallizer 11 has not only determined the shape and size of ingot casting 2, also has influence on interior tissue, surface quality and the crackle situation of ingot casting 2.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, described crystallizer 11 has multiple ingot casting die cavities 112, can cast many ingot castings 2 simultaneously.
The outer crystallizer housing 111 that is provided with of described crystallizer 11, described crystallizer 11 comprise multiple ingot casting die cavities 112 of being circularly and evenly distributed, the connecting hole 114 of circle centre position and be connected to connecting hole 114 and multiple ingot casting die cavity 112 between multiple brace summers 113.
Multiple ingot casting die cavities 112 are circularly and evenly distributed, and the quantity of ingot casting die cavity 112 is 4~8, and described connecting hole 114 is positioned at the circle centre position of the circle that multiple ingot casting die cavities 112 form.
The annexation of funnel runner and pricker plug (not shown) with act as: described pricker plug is connected with liquid-transport pipe-line, makes melt flow into described shunting disk 13 through funnel runner by opening pricker plug.
Melt for ingot casting flows into described shunting disk 2 through funnel runner.Described shunting disk 13 is connected with described crystallizer 11 for melt being branched to the each ingot casting die cavity 112 of described crystallizer 11, as shown in Figure 3, is shown as the schematic diagram that described shunting disk 13 is combined with the installation of described crystallizer 11.
As shown in Fig. 4~Fig. 6, described shunting disk 13 comprises: the liquid collecting bag 131 of the melt flowing into from described funnel runner for splendid attire; Communicate with described liquid collecting bag 131 and be placed in described liquid collecting bag 131 outer surfaces for the interior melt of described liquid collecting bag 131 being branched to multiple shunting nozzles 132 of the each ingot casting die cavity 112 of described crystallizer 11; Be arranged at the connecting plate 1333 on described liquid collecting bag 131 tops.
Described liquid collecting bag 131 is for splendid attire melt; Particularly, in the present embodiment, described liquid collecting bag 131 is bowl-shape, and the cross section of described liquid collecting bag 131 is circular, and from top to bottom, the area of circular cross-section reduces gradually.
In the present embodiment, described shunting nozzle 132 is square port with the port that described liquid collecting bag 131 communicates, but is not limited to square port, also can be circular port, polygon port etc.
Multiple shunting nozzles 132 are common to described liquid collecting bag 131 the each ingot casting die cavity 112 that the interior melt of described liquid collecting bag 131 is branched to crystallizer 11 mutually.
Particularly, described shunting nozzle 132 is placed in the outer surface of described liquid collecting bag 131, and the quantity of described shunting nozzle 132 is identical with the quantity of each ingot casting die cavity of crystallizer 11.The structure of crystallizer 11 has not only determined the shape and size of ingot casting, also has influence on interior tissue, surface quality and the crackle situation of ingot casting.In the present embodiment, described crystallizer 11 is for casting many ingot castings, and the quantity of ingot casting die cavity 112 is chosen as 4~8, so the quantity of described shunting nozzle 132 is corresponding is also 4~8.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, described in each, shunting nozzle 132 comprises a base plate and two side plates that are arranged at described base plate both sides.
In addition, in the present embodiment, described shunting disk 13 also comprises the connecting plate 133 on the top that is arranged at described liquid collecting bag 131.Particularly, the quantity of described connecting plate 133 is two, and two connecting plate 133 symmetries are installed in the top of described liquid collecting bag 131.
By adopt shunting disk 13 in the present embodiment steadily uniform distribution flow to the melt in crystallizer 11, realized the automatic control that ingot casting 2 is produced, reduced many destabilizing factors of bringing because of Artificial Control.
Described hot top 12 buckle closures are connected at described crystallizer 11 and with described shunting disk 13 for preventing in shunting disk 13 or funnel runner place melt generation condensation obstruction.
As shown in Figure 7, described hot top 12 comprises: hot top body 121, and described hot top body 121 1 sides offer diffluence pass 124; Be installed in the hot top gland 122 at described hot top body 121 tops; Be installed in the hot top pressure pad 123 between described hot top body 121 and described hot top gland 122; Be installed in the hot top heater 125 of the bottom of described hot top body 121.
Wherein, described hot top body 121 1 sides offer diffluence pass 124, described diffluence pass 124 is groove shape, described hot top gland 122 and described hot top pressure pad 123 be respectively equipped with described hot top body 121 on the breach (not shown) that matches of diffluence pass 124.
In the present embodiment, the lid-like of hollow out centered by described hot top body 121, meanwhile, the cross section of described hot top body 121 center hollow out is circular.
In the present embodiment, the outer surface of described hot top body 121 is provided with external screw thread, is connected with crystallizer for hot top 12.
In the present embodiment, the surface of described hot top body 121 is also provided with through hole 126, and particularly, the quantity of described through hole 126 is two.
In the present embodiment, in described hot top 12, be provided with hot top heater 125, melt is heated and be incubated, the shape of the shape of described hot top heater 125 and described hot top body 121 matches.
As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, be shown as the scheme of installation of hot top 12, shunting disk 13 and crystallizer 11, wherein, described crystallizer housing 111 be also provided with hot top 12 in the breach that matches of diffluence pass 124; On described crystallizer housing 111, be equiped with for passing into protection gas in case the air admission hole 111a of the melt generation oxidizing fire that fluid stopping goes out to casting platform 1; Described crystallizer housing 111 bottoms are provided with some cooling water apopore 111b.
In the descending process of ingot casting 2, need constantly to adjust the pricker plug at head piece place, the melt liquid level in crystallizer 11 should be remained in position, height overflows, low bleedout, consequence is very serious.Described level control instrument and described crystallizer 11 are connected in mutually casting machine and draw the ingot casting 2 of condensation by dummy ingot bracket and make the melt liquid level in crystallizer 11 remain on predeterminated position when descending.
The present embodiment is by adopting crystallizer 11 and the level control instrument of ad hoc structure, shorten the height of crystallizer 11, shrink the air gap forming thus reduce because of condensation shell, Pian Xi Neoplasms , drawing crack, bleedout, cold shut and the slag inclusion phenomenon on ingot casting 2 surface are almost eliminated.
Described cooling water tank 14 is loaded with cooling water and passes through the mobile cold fuse-element of cooling water; As shown in Figure 1, described cooling water tank 14 is provided with water inlet pipe 15, and described casting platform 1 is provided with multiple delivery ports 16, to pass through better the mobile cold fuse-element of cooling water.
Cast in the process of ingot casting 2 at casting platform 1, casting machine is the ingot casting 2 from crystallizer 11 condensation out by the traction of dummy ingot bracket.
For making those skilled in the art further understand principle and the course of work of the casting platform for ingot casting of the present utility model, below will describe the course of work of the casting platform for ingot casting of the present utility model in detail.
1, prepare: check crystallizer 11, cooling water tank 14, dummy ingot bracket, casting machine, shunting disk 13, level control instrument etc., make each Plant in good condition stand-by.
2, open cooling water: open and adjust cooling water, make the hydraulic pressure of cooling water tank 14, discharge meet technological requirement.
3, barbecue shunting disk 13, runner: barbecue shunting disk 13, funnel runner, prevent initial melt generation condensation obstruction of flowing out.And open hot top heater 125.
4, opening protection function gas: the melt generation oxidizing fire that prevents outflow.
5, open pricker plug: make melt flow out casting furnace, enter shunting disk 13 along funnel runner.
6, open casting machine: reach after suitable liquid level when flowing into melt in crystallizer 11, open casting machine and adjust the speed of casting machine, by dummy ingot bracket, the ingot casting 2 that draws condensation is descending, and opens level control instrument.
7, open level control instrument: in the descending process of ingot casting 2, by the automatic adjusting of level control instrument, the melt liquid level in crystallizer 11 is remained in position.
8, draw under stopping: when ingot casting 2 reaches after the length of appointment, stop drop-downly, and close air admission hole, close protection gas.
9, close cooling water.
10, hang out ingot casting 2.
11, check machine equipment, enter the inferior Job readiness of next casting.
While casting single ingot casting at present, can only cast 6 meters of long ingot castings at every turn, for example, magnesium alloy casting rod taking diameter as 90mm is calculated, cast one ton of product and need altogether 22 hours, if adopt many casting systems of the present utility model to cast 6-8 root simultaneously, cast one ton of product and need altogether 3-5 hour, effectively improve the production efficiency of ingot casting 2, shorten the founding time of ingot casting 2, the saving that corresponding manpower, electric power, material resources all can be a large amount of, thus reduce production cost.
In sum, casting platform in the utility model by adopt the crystallizer with multiple ingot casting die cavities and with the supporting shunting disk of crystallizer, the structures such as hot top, 6 ~ 8 piece ingot castings can be cast simultaneously, effectively improve the production efficiency of ingot casting, shorten the founding time of ingot casting, corresponding manpower, electric power, material resources all can be a large amount of saving, thus reduce production cost, casting platform in the utility model is by adopting level control instrument simultaneously, shorten the height of crystallizer, the air gap forming is shunk because of condensation shell thus reduce, make the Pian Xi Neoplasms on ingot casting surface, drawing crack, bleedout, cold shut and slag inclusion phenomenon are almost eliminated, in addition, the utility model carries out the steady distribution of melt because have employed shunting disk, expand operating space, automatic controlling liquid level apparatus can be installed, and achieves the automatic control that ingot casting is produced, decreases many destabilizing factors of bringing because of Artificial Control.So the utility model has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present utility model and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the utility model.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can, under spirit of the present utility model and category, modify or change above-described embodiment.Therefore, have in technical field under such as and conventionally know that the knowledgeable modifies or changes not departing from all equivalences that complete under spirit that the utility model discloses and technological thought, must be contained by claim of the present utility model.