Background technology
Crude oil in China major part is full-bodied under the high content of wax, high condensation point, low temperature " three height " crude oil.In the time of high temperature, wax is present in liquid crude oil with molecular conformation; Along with the reduction of temperature, the wax crystalline substance in crude oil is separated out gradually, in the time that the wax crystalline substance of separating out reaches finite concentration, between wax crystalline substance, forms spatial mesh structure, shows complicated non-Newtonian fluid rheology characteristic.
Waxy crude oil adopts the defeated technique of pipe that heating is carried mostly at present.Although it is effective measure to high pour point and viscous crude oil that heating is carried, corresponding operation and investment cost are also very high; Meanwhile, hot oil pipeline unavoidably can planned or accident stopping transportation in operational process.After stopping transportation, constantly outwards heat radiation of crude oil in pipe, oil temperature reduces, and viscosity increases, and wax crystalline substance is constantly separated out, and waxy crude oil inside has formed the jelling structure with certain structural strength.Along with shutdown time extends, jelling structure intensity constantly increases, and pipeline entirety loses flowability.At this moment, need to provide the startup energy far above the defeated pressure of normal pipe, pipeline could start.If shutdown time is long, restart the pressure needing and exceed lift or the pipeline bearing capacity that pump can provide, start unsuccessfully, there is the solidifying event of running affairs.
Rheological characteristics, the restart pressure size etc. of oil temperature before and after shutdown time length, stopping transportation and soil moisture field distribution, crude oil depended in the success or not that stopping transportation is restarted, relate to complicated waterpower and heating power problem, comprise the unsteady-state heat transfer of the interior oil product of pipe and the outer medium of pipe, and astable flowing and heat transfer coupled problem.Must consider these factors, just can obtain result accurately.
Based on above reason, the stopping transportation that those skilled in the art constantly carry out crude oil is restarted test to obtain correlation test data to ensure that in actual crude oil pipeline the success that stopping transportation is restarted carries out.
At present in Crude Oil Transportation technique, all adopt the valve of being furnished with electronic execution architecture both at home and abroad, adopt motor to drive, switch motion completes all needs the valve of certain hour to regulate.In short distance Crude Oil Transportation technical study, go out crude oil after pump and can just can reach through longer distance the state of even running.Through reaching during this period of time after stationary phase, crude oil has also entered into the latter end of course of conveying.Research for Crude Oil Transportation technique does not have effect.Meanwhile, for the control after switching and the pipeline leakage of conveying flow process, general electrically operated valve could be opened completely or close for a long time, has caused waste and accident odds.
Utility model content
Based on the shortcoming of above prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of can create the equipment of the liquid medium operating condition with constant pressure boundary and the measuring system that can measure under the condition in pressure stability at liquid medium.
In order to realize above-mentioned utility model object, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
Establishment has an equipment for the liquid medium operating condition of constant pressure boundary, and described equipment comprises: liquid medium reservoir vessel, and described liquid medium reservoir vessel is for storage of liquids medium; Stream, described stream is connected in described liquid medium reservoir vessel, for flowing therein for described liquid medium; Drive soon quick-closing valve, the described quick-closing valve of opening is soon arranged at described stream, for controlling flowing of described liquid medium; And pump, described pump is arranged at described stream, for driving flowing of described liquid medium.Drive soon quick-closing valve by control so a kind of equipment that can create the liquid medium operating condition with constant pressure boundary just can be provided.
Preferably, described stream comprises trunk stream and one or more bypass flow path in parallel with at least a portion of described trunk stream, is respectively arranged with one or more described quick-closing valves of opening soon in the part in parallel with described bypass flow path of each described bypass flow path and described trunk stream.In addition preferably, in described bypass flow path, be also provided with except described open soon quick-closing valve for control described liquid medium flow and with the described diverse one or more operation valves of quick-closing valve of opening soon.Can ensure that like this operating condition to liquid medium and course of conveying are controlled the in the situation that of needs (opening and closing).Preferably, the described default condition of closing can at least comprise: 1) described liquid medium completes described course of conveying, need to cut off the course of conveying of described liquid medium and normally close; 2) there is security incident problem in described liquid medium in described course of conveying, needs emergency cut-off; 3) completing after for described liquid medium, the parameter under specific run operating mode is measured, need to normally close.
In addition preferably, one or more described pumps are arranged at least described trunk stream in described trunk stream and described bypass flow path.To drive the proper flow of liquid medium in equipment.
More preferably, can make described stream comprise trunk stream, in sequential series in described trunk stream described liquid medium reservoir vessel is set, with described diverse the first operation valve of quick-closing valve of opening soon, described pump, one described open soon quick-closing valve and with described diverse the second operation valve of quick-closing valve of opening soon, and described stream also comprises a bypass flow path in parallel with the described part of opening soon quick-closing valve and described the second operation valve of being provided with of described trunk stream, in described bypass flow path series connection be provided with one described open soon quick-closing valve and with described diverse the 3rd operation valve of quick-closing valve of opening soon.
In addition, preferably, the described predetermined reaction time threshold value of driving soon quick-closing valve is for being not more than 0.5s.Utilize equipment of the present utility model to carry out in the process of parameter measurement, the described quick-closing valve of opening soon opens in real time or cuts out in real time and refers to and open or cut out being not more than this predetermined reaction time threshold time.Meet this condition, can ensure that course of conveying and the operating condition to liquid medium effectively controlled in real time.Further, the described quick-closing valve of opening soon adopts manually control and/or automatically controls, and the described quick-closing valve of opening is soon normally close valve.So just can be different in the situation that the course of conveying to liquid medium and operating condition control.
A kind of measuring system, described measuring system comprises: establishment as above has the equipment of the liquid medium operating condition of constant pressure boundary, and measurement mechanism, described measurement mechanism is for measuring the parameter of described liquid medium under the condition in pressure stability at described liquid medium.
Preferably, in the part in parallel with described bypass flow path in described trunk stream, described measurement mechanism is arranged on described downstream on the flow direction of described liquid medium of driving soon quick-closing valve.In addition preferably, described measurement mechanism comprises many group thermometric/pressure measuring units.
It should be noted that, " operating condition " refers to that liquid medium has " constant pressure boundary " and moves under stable pressure condition; The implication of " constant pressure boundary " is in liquid medium pipeline is restarted circular track test, to ensure inlet pressure stable (or fluctuation in more among a small circle), the meaning that realizes " constant pressure boundary " is, simplified the boundary condition of liquid medium, so test data reflection is the information of primary study substantially.
Described liquid medium in the utility model is preferably crude oil, and above-mentioned parameter can at least be included in crude oil pump restarts temperature, pressure and the flow of the crude oil under above-mentioned " operating condition " in test.
Further it should be noted that, " the driving soon quick-closing valve " in the utility model refers to that reaction time threshold time is less than the various valves that can be used in liquid medium operational outfit of 0.5s.
By adopting technique scheme, the utility model provides the equipment of the operating condition that can create the liquid medium with constant pressure boundary and the measuring system that can measure under the condition in pressure stability at liquid medium.It has obtained following beneficial effect: in the stopping transportation of liquid medium is restarted test, can obtain quickly and accurately the correlation test data about liquid medium operation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail.For the sake of simplicity, only show in the accompanying drawings the label for the required parts that relate to of explanation technical solutions of the utility model.
Fig. 1 is according to the connection diagram of the measuring system of an embodiment of the present utility model, and it comprises the equipment according to the establishment of an embodiment of the present utility model with the liquid medium operating condition of constant pressure boundary.Reaction time is set in this equipment to be not more than two of predetermined reaction time threshold value and to drive soon quick-closing valve (first drive soon quick-closing valve 163 and second drive soon quick-closing valve 164) for controlling course of conveying and the operating condition of liquid medium, and in this equipment, is also provided with and comprises other accessories such as tank, pump, optional valve for other purposes.In embodiment in Fig. 1, first drives quick-closing valve 163 is soon arranged in trunk stream, and second drives quick-closing valve 164 is soon arranged in the bypass flow path in parallel with a part for trunk stream, and pump B is arranged in trunk stream.The control liquid medium flow process that simple declaration below adopts in Fig. 1 and operating condition are to carry out the process of parameter measurement:
(1) flow process is switched: initial flow process is that tank G-motorized valve 215-pump B-the first opens quick-closing valve 163-motorized valve 174-hand valve 175-motorized valve 101-motorized valve 213-tank G soon; After flow is stable, quick-closing valve 164 is driven soon in quick unlatching second and quick-closing valve 163 is driven in quick closedown first soon, and in the time that current input quantity/pressure working condition declines, flow process switches to tank G-motorized valve 215-pump B-the second and opens soon quick-closing valve 164-gate valve 131-gate valve 132-motorized valve 171-hand valve 175-motorized valve 101-motorized valve 213-tank G.
(2) startup that builds the pressure: open following flow process, tank G-motorized valve 215-pump B-the second opens all valves in quick-closing valve 164-gate valve 131-gate valve 132-motorized valve 171-hand valve 175-motorized valve 101-motorized valve 213-tank G soon, then close second and drive soon quick-closing valve 164; Then start pump B, until reaching after setting value at the second pressure of opening soon the liquid medium inflow side of quick-closing valve 164, open fast second and drive soon quick-closing valve 164, realize constant pressure border and start.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the stream between gate valve 131 and gate valve 132 be one section that there is predetermined length and be arranged on pipeline below ground, this predetermined length is preferably 600 meters.This measuring system be also included in second open soon quick-closing valve 164 fluid media (medium) flow the downstream of direction, as the measurement mechanism S between gate valve 131 and gate valve 132 in Fig. 1, and the first flow meter LL-1 and the second flowmeter LL-2 that arrange respectively in the upstream side of gate valve 131 and the downstream of gate valve 132.This measurement mechanism S comprises that at least 12 groups are for measuring the pressure parameter of stream and the sensor of temperature parameter between gate valve 131 and gate valve 132, and every group of sensor comprises and at least comprise two pressure transducers and a temperature sensor; And the flow that first flow meter LL-1 and the second flowmeter LL2 are used for measuring the flow of the liquid medium that flows into gate valve 131 and flow out the liquid medium of gate valve 132, measuring system of the present utility model so just can be measured needed parameter.It should be noted that and starting pump B in starting to set pressure and opening second and record test section (pipeline section between gate valve 131-gate valve 132) pressure, temperature and two ends data on flows etc. in driving soon quick-closing valve 164 building the pressure.
In the present embodiment, between tank G and motorized valve 213 and motorized valve 215, be provided with the hand valve 211 and the hand valve 215 that in the time that said electric valve lost efficacy, worked.In addition, be also provided with retaining valve 217 in the downstream of motorized valve 213.
In addition, be provided with in turn motorized valve 411 and filtrator GL-1 at the upstream side of pump B, be provided with in turn retaining valve 412 and motorized valve 413 in downstream, be provided with motorized valve in parallel 181 and hand valve 180 in the downstream of motorized valve 413.
Further, in bypass flow path, be also provided with hand valve 162 in the first downstream of driving soon quick-closing valve 163; In trunk stream, be also provided with motorized valve 112 in the second downstream of driving soon quick-closing valve 164.
It should be noted that, be also communicated with by another bypass flow path that is provided with motorized valve 100 at the upstream side of motorized valve 411 and the upstream side of motorized valve 101.
The reaction time threshold value that in embodiment shown in Figure 1 first driven quick-closing valve is soon 0.5s, and to be less than 0.5s be also feasible to this reaction time threshold value certainly.
In stream, first drives quick-closing valve 163 and second soon opens soon the effect that quick-closing valve 164 plays and is, in the time that pump discharge pressure reaches setting value or reach setting value in the inflow side of fluid media (medium) of driving soon quick-closing valve, open fast, thereby create " constant pressure boundary " condition for restarting test.
Make in the time that the pressure of opening soon quick-closing valve inflow side reaches predetermined pressure condition, to activate the described quick-closing valve of opening soon to carry described liquid medium when liquid medium with regard to having realized like this, and then make liquid medium there is constant pressure boundary and the pressure in the whole course of conveying of liquid medium to keep stable, the parameter of the described liquid medium to pressure stability is measured.
In addition, drive soon quick-closing valve and close in real time when reaching default while closing condition, can controlling, to stop in real time the conveying of described liquid medium.Below adopt example to describe.
Example 1: when carrying out the evaluation test of drag reducer, use high pressure nitrogen is power source, and the crude oil in the first tank is proceeded in the second tank fast, wholely turns the material time only for several minutes.After preventing that crude oil from having turned, a large amount of high pressure nitrogens enter the second tank, may cause crude oil leakage, and that need to close setting drives quick-closing valve soon.When practical operation, the crude oil in the second tank arrives default liquid level, closes immediately and drives soon quick-closing valve, cuts off rapidly Crude Oil Transportation, prevents the generation of security incident in Crude Oil Transportation process.
Example 2: mainly occur in first few minutes because the parameter that transfer pump is restarted changes, when carrying out later the restarting when test of crude oil shutdown, first transfer pump is started, quick-closing valve is driven in unlatching soon rapidly again, just can effectively collect the needed operational factor of test, Crude Oil Transportation initial launch operating mode under simulation specified pressure, carry the crude oil running status under operating mode to carry out data analysis for difference, instruct the research method of Crude Oil Transportation technique, then after completing whole process of the test, close and drive soon quick-closing valve.
In actual application, can set as required the condition of closing of driving soon quick-closing valve of closing.More specifically, the default condition of closing can at least comprise: 1) described liquid medium completes described course of conveying, need to cut off described liquid medium course of conveying and normally closes; 2) there is security incident problem in described liquid medium in described course of conveying, needs emergency cut-off; 3) running status of described liquid medium is carried out, after data analysis, need to normally closing completing for described operating mode.
Lucid and lively changing up closed the concrete structure that can adopt of valve furtherly below.This is driven soon quick-closing valve and at least comprises: drive unit, and it is for providing driving force to activate the course of conveying of opening soon quick-closing valve and then On/Off liquid medium to driving soon quick-closing valve being not more than in default reaction time threshold time; Valve body, it is communicated with drive unit, and the driving force that receives drive unit is to complete the action of course of conveying of On/Off liquid medium.Further, drive soon quick-closing valve and also can comprise electrical control gear, it is for carrying out field control and/or Long-distance Control to driving soon quick-closing valve.Preferably, drive unit is electric liquid drive unit, the fluid that electricity liquid drive unit needs while work for stores hydraulic pressure device, provides required pressure oil and reclaims the hydraulic oil that hydraulic means flows back to hydraulic means simultaneously, makes hydraulic means that driving force can be provided.Realize the quick opening and closing of driving soon quick-closing valve by the control to fluid pressure drive device.
In addition, the drive unit of driving soon quick-closing valve provides driving force until the T.T. that valve body has moved is not more than 0.5s to valve body.Can ensure like this to use and drive soon quick-closing valve in real time in the course of conveying of described liquid medium.
And this is opened in the process of quick-closing valve soon in specific implementation, can adopt following parameter request:
The basic parameter of electricity liquid drive unit:
The advantages such as drive soon quick-closing valve and preferably adopt butterfly valve structure, driving so soon quick-closing valve, just to have adjusting function good, easy for installation, opens and closes rapidly, and fluid resistance is little.And the feature of driving soon quick-closing valve realizing is like this to change rapidly its duty, can realize rapid switching and the initial launch operating mode of Simulation of Crude Oil delivery line under certain specified pressure of Crude Oil Transportation flow process, can carry out emergency treatment to accident, avoid the generation of serious accident etc. simultaneously.
By adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the utility model provides a kind of can create the equipment of the liquid medium operating condition with constant pressure boundary and the measuring system that can measure under the condition in pressure stability at liquid medium.It has obtained following beneficial effect: in the stopping transportation of liquid medium is restarted test, can obtain quickly and accurately the correlation test data about liquid medium operation.