CN203880674U - Shell-and-tube high-temperature waste heat steam boiler with small circulation ratio - Google Patents
Shell-and-tube high-temperature waste heat steam boiler with small circulation ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN203880674U CN203880674U CN201420274008.2U CN201420274008U CN203880674U CN 203880674 U CN203880674 U CN 203880674U CN 201420274008 U CN201420274008 U CN 201420274008U CN 203880674 U CN203880674 U CN 203880674U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a shell-and-tube high-temperature waste heat steam boiler with the small circulation ratio. The shell-and-tube high-temperature waste heat steam boiler comprises a drum and a shell-and-tube evaporative heat exchanger, wherein the drum and the shell-and-tube evaporative heat exchanger are arranged in the vertical direction, respectively arranged horizontally and connected through an ascending tube set and a descending tube set. The shell-and-tube high-temperature waste heat steam boiler with the small circulation ratio has the advantages of being small in circulation ratio, energy-efficient, long in service life, small in occupied area, convenient to install on site and capable of utilizing the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas in the chemical engineering field, and original facilities can be transformed conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to high-temperature flue gas waste heat utilization equipment technical field, is specifically related to a kind of shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power.
Background technology
The high-temperature flue gas of discharging from various process equipments is the huge energy source of a kind of potentiality to be exploited.Such as: metallurgical furnace, heating furnace, Industrial Stoves, apparatus for gasifying fuel etc., have a large amount of flue gases up to 1000 ℃ to discharge.China still has a large amount of high-temperature residual heats not developed completely at present, and even some is not developed completely.
At present, because high-temperature residual heat steam boiler tube side high-temperature flue-gas is high, flow is large, and high-temperature gas directly washes away heat exchanger tube and panel weld, easily causes heat-exchanging tube bundle and tube sheet jointing to occur that high-temperature oxydation and cracking leak, thereby it is short to reduce its service life.Search to the bottom, the external causes such as the physics at heat-exchanging tube bundle and tube sheet jointing position, chemistry, mechanical environment are the key reasons that causes its cracking to leak by the synergy of the internal causes such as material, structure and technique.And because the circulating ratio of waste heat equipment is too small, the outer steam water interface of heat exchanger tube causing flows not smooth, steam bubble is stranded in the phenomenons such as junction of tube wall and heat exchanger tube and tube sheet, brought out the heat transfer deterioration of heat-exchanging tube bundle, thereby improved the thermic load of heat-exchanging tube bundle and tube sheet junction, the severe degree of having aggravated its environment, has more increased the possibility that occurs crackle and high temperature corrosion, finally shortens the service life of waste heat equipment.
Existing market is at the high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of use, and the shortest of life cycle under its partial circulating multiplying power condition is left and right one year, and the longest also needs once every two years overhaul.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power, the feature not only with little, the energy-efficient and long service life of circulating ratio, and the high-temperature flue gas waste heat of chemical field is installed, can rationally be utilized to floor space urine in scene.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is, the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power, include the drum and the shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger that go to upper and lower setting, drum and shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger are all horizontal layout, and drum is connected with shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger by tedge group, down-comer group respectively.
Feature of the present utility model is also:
Shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger, include tubular shell, the two ends of tubular shell are welded with respectively front tube sheet, back tube sheet, have been horizontally disposed with heat-exchanging tube bundle in tubular shell, weld with front tube sheet, back tube sheet respectively at the two ends of heat-exchanging tube bundle, is provided with current-sharing water distributing plate on the sidewall in tubular shell; On the outer wall of tubular shell, have a plurality of down-comer connecting holes, a plurality of down-comer connecting holes are positioned on same level straight line; On described tubular shell, be also respectively arranged with blow-off pipe interface and water inlet interface, the bottom of tubular shell is arranged at respectively on support saddle;
Drum, includes drum body, in drum body, is provided with steam-water separator, is respectively arranged with safety valve, steam pipe interface and water inlet pipe interface on drum body, and drum body one side is provided with manhole.
Heat-exchanging tube bundle is comprised of the many heat exchanger tubes that be arranged in parallel; Many heat exchanger tubes are multiple lines and multiple rows setting, and many heat exchanger tubes adopt and by close, to white-out, are listed as from bottom to top in the vertical direction, until heat exchanger tube is covered with the inner space of tubular shell.
Heat exchanger tube all adopts threaded flue or bellows tube.
Current-sharing water distributing plate becomes curved surface by steel plate bending; Current-sharing water distributing plate is welded in described inner walls, and current-sharing water distributing plate is positioned at the top of a plurality of down-comer connecting holes.
The upper end of tedge group is welded in the positive lower end of drum with plug-in type, the positive upper end inwall of the lower end of tedge group and tubular shell flushes welding; The upper end of down-comer group flushes welding with the positive lower end inwall of drum, the lower end of down-comer group flush be welded in tubular shell lower than the side-lower inwall of current-sharing water distributing plate or under inwall; Tedge group and down-comer group interphase distribution.
Tedge group is comprised of the many different pipelines of caliber, in the pipeline of tedge group, is provided with liquid level gauge.
Many pipelines adopt along flow of flue gas direction, and caliber diminishes gradually, and the mode that spacing between pipes increases is successively arranged.
Down-comer group is comprised of many crooked pipelines.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, in shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger, be provided with current-sharing water-locator, with even down-comer water outlet, and guided to the below of shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger, improve the uniformity of shell-side Working fluid flow field, reduce steam water interface flow resistance, improve the speed that it washes away heat-exchanging tube bundle, prevent the heat transfer deterioration that steam bubble causes in wall delay, the equipment of assurance has longer service life.
(2) the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, in shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger, be covered with heat-exchanging tube bundle, to guarantee in housing without air space, cause compact equipment, floor space and volumetric spaces are dwindled, there is good heat transfer boundary condition and guarantee that heat-exchanging tube bundle and tube sheet junction have compared with low heat loads, thus the service life of extension device.
(3) the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, heat exchanger tube in shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger adopts spiral smoke pipe or bellows tube, strengthen tube bank heat exchange property, increase its heat exchange area, thus the floor space of reduction equipment and volumetric spaces; In addition, increase shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger shell-side steam water interface in the disturbance of wall, reduce the possibility that steam bubble is detained.
(4) the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, heat-exchanging tube bundle in shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger adopt along direction vertically upward by close to thin, tube pitch becomes greatly gradually, pipe and housing spacing become large arrangement mode gradually, the flow section that the steam quality of formation and shell-side steam water interface matches, guarantee its smooth and easy heat-exchanging tube bundle that washes away equably, the heat transfer deterioration that prevents steam bubble to be detained and produce, the service life of extension device.
(5) the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, its tedge group is taked the change caliber corresponding with managing interior high-temperature flue-gas, is become tube pitch arrangement mode, with the shell-side steam water interface of coincidence tube shell-type evaporating heat exchanger along flow of flue gas direction steam quality by the regularity of distribution reducing greatly, thereby the outlet steam quality that guarantees every tedge is consistent, cause working medium in drum when equipment has compared with partial circulating multiplying power, also can flow evenly, stablize, smooth and easy, to stop the generation of heat transfer deterioration phenomenon.
(6) the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, the lower end of its tedge group and the concordant welding of the positive upper end of shell inwall, the plug-in type welding of the positive lower end of the upper end of tedge group and drum, with this, effectively guide the rising of tedge group outlet gas-phase working medium to flow, thoroughly avoid down-comer to occur the situation that gas phase is carried, guarantee that the vapour-liquid distribution field of shell-side working medium is even, stablize.
(7) the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, the upper end of its down-comer group is arranged under drum, to avoid down-comer group to occur the situation that gas phase is carried, and increase down-comer group import and export cross section pressure reduction, strengthen circulation power in shell-side working medium.
(8) the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, its tedge group layout alternate with down-comer group; Because shell-side steam water interface has density contrast along flow of flue gas direction, its aerodynamic field not only contains radial velocity, also there is axial velocity, this arrangement meets the evaporating heat exchanger shell-side working medium aerodynamic field regularity of distribution, cause down-comer outlet working medium and shell-side working medium aerodynamic field collaborative, guarantee that boiler shell-side working medium circulation is smooth and easy, even.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power;
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to cutaway view;
In figure, 1. shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger, 2. front tube sheet, 3. back tube sheet, 4. drum, 5. safety valve, 6. tedge group, 7. steam pipe interface, 8. down-comer group, 9. liquid level gauge, 10. manhole, 11. blow-off pipe interfaces, 12. support saddles, 13. steam-water separators, 14. water inlet pipe interfaces, 15. current-sharing water distributing plates, 16. housings, 17. heat-exchanging tube bundles.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is elaborated.
The shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, its structure as shown in Figure 1, include the drum 4 and the shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger 1 that go to upper and lower setting, drum 4 and shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger 1 are all horizontal layout, between drum 4 and shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger 1, connect respectively by tedge group 6, down-comer group 8.
Shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger 1, as shown in Figure 1, include tubular shell 16, the two ends of tubular shell 16 are welded with respectively front tube sheet 2, back tube sheet 3, in tubular shell 16, be horizontally disposed with heat-exchanging tube bundle 7, weld with front tube sheet 2, back tube sheet 3 respectively at the two ends of heat-exchanging tube bundle 7; As shown in Figure 2, be provided with current-sharing water distributing plate 15 on the sidewall in tubular shell 16, have a plurality of down-comer connecting holes on the outer wall of tubular shell 16, a plurality of down-comer connecting holes are positioned on same level straight line; The bottom of tubular shell 16 is arranged on support saddle 12, is also respectively arranged with blow-off pipe interface 11 and water inlet interface 18 on tubular shell 16.
Heat-exchanging tube bundle 7 is comprised of the many heat exchanger tubes that be arranged in parallel, many heat exchanger tubes are multiple lines and multiple rows setting, as shown in Figure 2, many heat exchanger tubes adopt and by close, to white-out, are listed as from bottom to top in the vertical direction, the spacing between adjacent two row heat exchanger tubes becomes large arrangement mode successively from bottom to top in the vertical direction, until heat exchanger tube is covered with the inner space of tubular shell 16.Between two adjacent row heat exchanger tubes, be provided with water dividing plate 3; Water dividing plate 3, its structure as shown in Figure 3, includes water dividing plate body, on water dividing plate body, is provided with several apertures.
Heat exchanger tube in heat-exchanging tube bundle 7 all adopts threaded flue or bellows tube.
Current-sharing water distributing plate 15 in shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger 1 becomes curved surface by steel plate bending, and current-sharing water distributing plate 15 is welded on housing 16 inwalls, and current-sharing water distributing plate 15 is positioned at the top of a plurality of down-comer connecting holes.
Support saddle 12, for stay pipe shell-type evaporating heat exchanger 1, arranges two by support saddle 12, and two support saddles 12 are left and right and are symmetrical arranged, and blow-off pipe interface 11 and water inlet interface 18 is symmetrical both sides that are arranged at two support saddles 12 respectively.
Drum 4, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, includes drum body, in described drum body, is provided with steam-water separator 13, is respectively arranged with safety valve 5, steam pipe interface 7, water inlet pipe interface 1 on drum body, and drum body one side is provided with manhole 10.
Drum 4 is respectively by tedge group 6 and down-comer group 8 and 1 welding of shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger, concrete mode is: the upper end of tedge group 6 is welded in the positive lower end of drum 4 with plug-in type, the positive upper end inwall of the lower end of tedge group 6 and tubular shell 16 flushes welding, tedge group 6 is comprised of the many different pipelines of caliber, many pipelines in tedge group 6 adopt along flow of flue gas direction, caliber diminishes gradually, and the mode that spacing between pipes increases is successively arranged; The upper end of down-comer group 8 flushes welding with the positive lower end inwall of drum 4, the lower end of down-comer group 8 flush be welded in tubular shell 16 lower than the side-lower inwall of current-sharing water-locator 15 or under inwall, down-comer group 8 is comprised of many crooked pipelines; Tedge group 6 and down-comer group 8 interphase distributions.
In the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power, many heat exchanger tubes in heat-exchanging tube bundle 7 can adopt the heat exchanger tube that caliber is identical, also can adopt Φ 48, Φ 45, Φ 42, Φ 38, the heat exchanger tube of Φ 32 different tube diameters such as grade, and increase successively pitch between heat exchanger tube (as shown in Figure 2), the flow section that the steam quality of formation and shell-side steam water interface matches, guarantee its smooth and easy heat-exchanging tube bundle that washes away equably, the refrigerant flow rate reduction being brought along with working medium steam quality increases to adapt to top heat exchanger tube row, steam bubble is stranded in metal wall, heat-transfer capability reduces, be easy to occur the undesirable conditions such as incrustation scale contamination, improve heat-exchanging tube bundle 7 and pass heat availability, the service life of extension device.
As shown in Figure 1, tedge group 6 is comprised of many (being provided with 3 in Fig. 1) different pipelines of caliber, the upper end plug-in type of tedge group 6 is welded in the positive lower end of drum 4, the positive upper end inwall of the lower end of tedge group 6 and housing 16 flushes welding, and adopt along flow of flue gas direction, caliber diminishes gradually, and the mode that tube pitch increases is successively arranged; Adopt successively the pipeline of Φ 273, Φ 159, Φ 108 different tube diameters, with the shell-side steam water interface of coincidence tube shell-type evaporating heat exchanger along flow of flue gas direction steam quality by the regularity of distribution reducing greatly, thereby the outlet steam quality that guarantees every pipeline in tedge group is consistent, cause working medium in drum when equipment has compared with partial circulating multiplying power, also can flow evenly, stablize, smooth and easy, to stop the generation of heat transfer deterioration phenomenon.
As shown in Figure 1, down-comer group 8 is comprised of many (being provided with 3 in Fig. 1) crooked pipelines, the positive lower end inwall of the upper end of down-comer group 8 and drum 4 flushes welding, the lower end of down-comer group 8 flush be welded on housing 16 inwalls lower than the inwall of the side-lower of current-sharing water-locator 15 or under inwall, down-comer group 8 and tedge group 6 interphase distributions.
The operation principle of the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the utility model partial circulating multiplying power is: high-temperature residual heat flue gas enters heat-exchanging tube bundle 7 by the front tube sheet 2 of shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger 1, along journey heated Tube housing 16 is interior, approach saturated boiler water, smoke gas flow is discharged through back tube sheet 18; The boiler feedwater water inlet pipe interface 14 of flowing through enters in drum 4, by down-comer group 8, flow into current-sharing water-locator 15 and enter shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger 1 and carry out heating evaporation, steam water interface in tubular shell 16 flows in drum 4 through tedge group 6 again, by the steam-water separator 13 in drum 4, obtain saturated vapor moisture and that impurity is few, circulation power is mainly provided by high-order system and the carbonated drink density contrast of drum 4, and so circulation reaches the safe operation of shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat boiler.
For guaranteeing under partial circulating multiplying power condition can safe and efficient long-term operation, mainly take following measure:
(1) the upper end plug-in type of tedge group 6 is welded in the positive lower end of drum 4, down-comer group 8 upper ends flush welding with drum 4 positive lower end inwalls, tedge group 6 and down-comer group 8 interphase distributions, thoroughly avoid down-comer to occur the situation that gas phase is carried, guarantee that the circulation of shell-side steam water interface is smooth and easy and there is even, stable vapour-liquid distribution field.
(2) tedge group 6 is taked the change caliber corresponding with managing interior high-temperature flue-gas, is become tube pitch arrangement mode, with the shell-side steam water interface of coincidence tube shell-type evaporating heat exchanger 1 along flow of flue gas direction steam quality by the regularity of distribution reducing greatly, the outlet steam quality that guarantees every pipeline in tedge group 6 is consistent, there is steam bubble trapping phenomena in the import of stopping tedge group 6, guarantees smooth and easy stable the carrying out of shell-side working medium circulation.
(3) heat-exchanging tube bundle 7 adopt along direction vertically upward by close to thin, heat exchanger tube spacing becomes greatly gradually, heat exchanger tube and tubular shell 16 spacing become large arrangement mode gradually, the flow section that the steam quality of formation and shell-side steam water interface matches, shell-side steam water interface flow resistance is reduced, flow velocity improves, and guarantees that the heat exchange of metal wall is smooth and easy.
Comprehensive above 3 measures, the circulation power field of scientific and reasonable adjusting device shell-side working medium, the present invention can accomplish that under partial circulating multiplying power condition, shell-side working medium circulation is smooth and easy, avoid steam bubble to be stranded in the heat transfer deterioration that metal wall causes, effectively prevention and control heat-exchanging tube bundle and tube sheet jointing occur that cracking leaks, guarantee its safe and efficient long-term operation, and have floor space urine concurrently in plurality of advantages such as scene installation, former transformation of facility.
Claims (9)
1. the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power, it is characterized in that, include the drum (4) and the shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger (1) that go to upper and lower setting, described drum (4) and shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger (1) are horizontal layout, and described drum (4) is connected with described shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger (1) by tedge group (6), down-comer group (8) respectively.
2. the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger (1), include tubular shell (16), the two ends of described tubular shell (16) are welded with respectively front tube sheet (2), back tube sheet (3), in described tubular shell (16), be horizontally disposed with heat-exchanging tube bundle (7), weld with described front tube sheet (2), back tube sheet (3) respectively at the two ends of described heat-exchanging tube bundle (7), on the sidewall in described tubular shell (16), is provided with current-sharing water distributing plate (15); On the outer wall of described tubular shell (16), have a plurality of down-comer connecting holes, a plurality of down-comer connecting holes are positioned on same level straight line; On described tubular shell (16), be also respectively arranged with blow-off pipe interface (11) and water inlet interface (18), the bottom of described tubular shell (16) is arranged at respectively on support saddle (12);
Described drum (4), include drum body, in described drum body, be provided with steam-water separator (13), on described drum body, be respectively arranged with safety valve (5), steam pipe interface (7) and water inlet pipe interface (14), described drum body one side is provided with manhole (10).
3. the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described heat-exchanging tube bundle (7) is comprised of the many heat exchanger tubes that be arranged in parallel; Many heat exchanger tubes are multiple lines and multiple rows setting, and many heat exchanger tubes adopt and by close, to white-out, are listed as from bottom to top in the vertical direction, until heat exchanger tube is covered with the inner space of tubular shell (16).
4. the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described heat exchanger tube all adopts threaded flue or bellows tube.
5. the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described current-sharing water distributing plate (15) becomes curved surface by steel plate bending; Described current-sharing water distributing plate (15) is welded on described housing (16) inwall, and described current-sharing water distributing plate (15) is positioned at the top of a plurality of down-comer connecting holes.
6. the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the upper end of described tedge group (6) is welded in the positive lower end of drum (4) with plug-in type, the positive upper end inwall of the lower end of described tedge group (6) and tubular shell (16) flushes welding;
The upper end of described down-comer group (8) flushes welding with the positive lower end inwall of described drum (4), the lower end of described down-comer group (8) flush be welded in tubular shell (16) lower than the side-lower inwall of current-sharing water distributing plate (15) or under inwall;
Described tedge group (6) and down-comer group (8) interphase distribution.
7. according to the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the partial circulating multiplying power described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that, described tedge group (6) is comprised of the many different pipelines of caliber, is provided with liquid level gauge (9) in the pipeline of described tedge group (6);
8. the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of partial circulating multiplying power according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described many pipelines adopt along flow of flue gas direction, and caliber diminishes gradually, and the mode that spacing between pipes increases is successively arranged.
9. according to the shell-and-tube high-temperature residual heat steam boiler of the partial circulating multiplying power described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that, described down-comer group (8) is comprised of many crooked pipelines.
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CN201420274008.2U CN203880674U (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | Shell-and-tube high-temperature waste heat steam boiler with small circulation ratio |
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CN201420274008.2U CN203880674U (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | Shell-and-tube high-temperature waste heat steam boiler with small circulation ratio |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP4053452A1 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-09-07 | ALFA LAVAL OLMI S.p.A. | Process heat recovery system |
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2014
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4053452A1 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-09-07 | ALFA LAVAL OLMI S.p.A. | Process heat recovery system |
WO2022184757A1 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-09-09 | Alfa Laval Olmi S.P.A | Process heat recovery system |
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C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Granted publication date: 20141015 Termination date: 20160526 |