Background technology
Hole stake method (PBA) construction Underground Subway Station all adopts contrary sequence method to construct, after two lining button arch constructions, the sedimentation of earth's surface, top, station, pipeline and surrounding building is basicly stable, security risk elementary solution removes, rapid construction two lining button arch concretes, can reduce earth's surface, pipeline and surrounding building cumulative settling, simultaneously also for soil excavation provides precondition.
Under Station confined space operating environment, because the pilot tunnel preliminary bracing segmentation of former upper strata is removed, narrow space, is unfavorable for that main equipment carries out operation.Prior art is normal adopts the loose mould bases of spelling, add scaffold support construction two lining button arch concretes, also even have utilize simple and easy chassis construction, but equal Shortcomings, impact construction.
The loose mould bases of spelling adds scaffold support construction method: loose spelling mould bases is mainly to utilize steel pipe scaffold or bowl fastening type scaffold as support, with i arch frame and fritter punching block, carries out on-site consolidation, and formwork erection carries out two lining buttons arch concretes and builds.Assembled and Demolition Construction speed is slower, and easily there is the phenomenons such as faulting of slab ends, spillage in piece.
Console mode chassis construction method: existing chassis is generally console mode chassis, console mode chassis adopts i iron processing, chassis is heavier, need to plow on the soil layer after digging and lay track at first button, track laying needs sleeper to carry out the levelling of leveling repeatedly, and chassis, from great mobile difficulty, makes it use very inconvenience.
Chinese patent CN102758640A discloses a kind of Subway Tunnel Lining chassis steel form system, comprise chassis steel form, described chassis steel form by top template with and two hinged side templates of two ends form, between described two side templates and chassis truss, support and connection have the side cylinder of inclination, between described top template and the top of chassis truss, are supported with jacking cylinder; Side support screw has also been threaded between described two side templates and chassis truss, upper support screw mandrel has also been threaded between the top of described top template and chassis truss, described chassis truss bottom and ground supports have lower support leading screw, described chassis truss bottom is also installed with road wheel, on described ground, be provided with and the corresponding road wheel track of road wheel, described road wheel is driven by dynamical system.Its core is that chassis is walked on the track of tunnel bottom setting, and goes to prop up the template of whole lining.This structure is high for the track requirement of bottom, because the pressure that track need to bear is large, comprises the weight of chassis and the weight concrete that lining cutting is built.And, also must guarantee that in lining cutting casting process, sedimentation does not appear in track.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome two lining button arch construction methods conventional in prior art and exists speed of application slow, of poor quality, expends the shortcomings such as many man-hour, provides a kind of tunnel construction trolley, especially a kind of hole stake method Tunnel Second Lining Construction chassis.
In order to realize above-mentioned improving eyesight, the utility model provides following technical scheme:
A tunnel construction trolley, comprises from top to bottom arranging: template, mould bases and lifting body;
Described mould bases comprises arch, middle web member, lower edge pull bar and walking mechanism;
Described mould bases has a plurality of;
Described upper arch is arch, adapts with the shape of lining cutting.
Described template is fixedly connected with upper arch.The arch that winds up can be used as the reinforcing rib at the template back side, the load capacity of balance template each several part.
Described lower edge pull bar is straight-bar; The two ends of described upper arch are fixedly connected with the two ends of lower edge pull bar, and both form bow-shaped structural.Form arched mould bases more stable, when bearing pressure, be difficult for deforming.
In the middle of described, web member is arranged in the middle of bow-shaped structural, and middle web member connects upper arch and lower edge pull bar.Middle web member plays main support effect, and the pressure that carrys out self-template that upper arch is suffered disperses and going down, makes overall structure stress balance.One of preferred version, upper arch, middle web member and lower edge pull bar form domatic truss.It is few that composition trussed construction has material consumption, good stability, the feature that is difficult for deforming.Another preferred version, middle web member is vertically set in the middle of bow-shaped structural.In the middle of vertically arranging, web member can make to bear the direction of pressure and the axial overlaid of middle web member, improves the anti-pressure ability of web member.
Described template is adjustable template, adapts with lining to be onstructed.Adopt adjustable template can improve template for the fitting percentage under different condition of construction, improve the utilization rate of template, reduce idle.Preferably, described template is the template with curved surfaces.The template of arcwall face and lining concrete to build surface label right good, the concrete planarization that solidifies rear surface is good.
Described walking mechanism is arranged on the bottom of lower edge pull bar, and can adapt with guide rail.Preferably, described walking mechanism is a plurality of guide rail wheels, and guide rail wheel construction is simple, and buying is convenient, and without special mounting requirement, meeting requirement of engineering does not increase again installation difficulty.Preferred, described walking mechanism is four guide rail wheels, and chassis is separated with lining cutting part in moving process, and weight is not too large, make four guide rail wheels can substantially meet mobile demand, and less guide rail wheel more easily completes leveling correction work.Described guide rail wheel is the guide rail wheel adapting with guide rail.Further, between a plurality of mould bases, with reinforcing bar, steel pipe or shaped steel, be connected and fixed.A plurality of mould bases support the template of its top jointly, will between a plurality of mould bases, be fixedly connected with, and can, by being fixed into an overall structure, have better stability.Also can protect chassis each mould bases in movement not deform.
Below lower edge pull bar, lifting body is set, described lifting body and lower edge pull bar are for removably connecting or separable structure.When lifting body is worked, the whole construction chassis of jack-up, and the walking mechanism of chassis and guide rail are separated; When lifting body is regained, chassis falls guide rail wheel and contacts with guide rail, and chassis weight drops on guide rail.Lifting body no longer bears the weight of chassis, lifting body can be dismantled and be separated with chassis, or between lifting body and chassis because lose the effect of gravity natural separation, the separation of lifting body can greatly reduce the weight of chassis, facilitates the transfer/movement of chassis.Described lifting body has a plurality of identical lifting structures.Preferably, described lifting body is jack.Preferably, it is just pedestal that lifting body (as jack) be take pilot tunnel, forms the supporting structure of supporting chassis.Preferably, described jack has even number, plays the effect of jacking chassis, supports whole chassis, the bracing force that load dividing dolly both sides are subject to.Preferably, described jack is screw jack.
Further, mould bases is fixedly connected with and is made by i iron, preferably by i iron welding, is made, and does not get rid of to adopt and uses other to be fixedly connected with the mould bases of mode machine-shaping.Between i iron, being welded to connect firmly, being difficult for destroyedly, is continuous propelling construction during due to the lining cutting of chassis in building same pilot tunnel, by guide rail, advances laying, does not consider other carrying problem, welds and has just had unique advantage.
Further, below lower edge pull bar, arrange and prolong the assembly steel frame construction that lining construction direction is extended, make pressure unification between each mould bases on steelframe.Preferably, lifting body, to be flexibly connected/to removably connect mode, is arranged under assembly steelframe.Facilitate lifting body to unify jacking, dispense pressure.Preferably, described assembly steel frame construction is Two bors d's oeuveres i iron or box steel.
A tunnel construction trolley apparatus system, comprises template, mould bases, lifting body and guide rail;
Described mould bases comprises arch, middle web member, lower edge pull bar and walking mechanism;
Described mould bases has many groups;
Described template is fixedly connected with upper arch;
The two ends of described upper arch are fixedly connected with the two ends of lower edge pull bar, and both form bow-shaped structural;
In the middle of described, web member is arranged in the middle of described bow-shaped structural; Middle web member connects upper arch and lower edge pull bar;
Described walking mechanism is arranged on the bottom of lower tension chord lower edge pull bar, and can adapt with guide rail;
Jack arranges lifting body below drop-down string pull bar, and described lifting body and lower edge pull bar are the whole construction chassis of the jack-up that removably connects, and can make the walking mechanism of chassis and guide rail be separated;
Described guide rail is just to prop up the supporting steel frame on side wall by being erected at pioneer bore, and the rail steel being fixedly mounted on supporting steel frame forms;
Described guide rail wheel is suitable with rail steel.
Described guide rail is just to prop up the first supporting steel frame on side wall by being erected at pioneer bore, and the rail steel being fixedly mounted on supporting steel frame forms.Preferably, described guide rail is set up and forms along pilot tunnel bearing of trend (excavation direction) by i iron.Preferred, described guide rail is that to take pilot tunnel be just pedestal, and pilot tunnel arranges a plurality of the first horizontal supporting steel frames just; Preferably, described the first supporting steel frame is the first i iron (described is laterally along in pilot tunnel cross-sectional direction), and a plurality of the first supporting steel frames (preferably i iron) are parallel to each other, the distance that interval is identical; The guide rail along pilot tunnel bearing of trend arranging on the i iron of horizontally set, preferred described guide rail is the second i iron, according to the number of guide rail wheel, the second i iron of being arranged to guide rail is two above parallel i iron.Between the first i iron and the second i iron, be fixedly connected with.Utilize pilot tunnel just to prop up the foundation that forms guide rail is set, saved the laying cost on guide rail basis, accelerated speed of application, the more important thing is the feature of utilizing the first Zhi Zuowei guide rail foundation of pilot tunnel to there is good stability.Because it is whole concrete structure that pilot tunnel just props up, and is again the integral structure of continuous structure, its stability as guide rail basis even independently arranges guide rail basis over the later stage.
Below lower edge pull bar, lifting body is set, described lifting body and lower edge pull bar are for removably connecting or separable structure.When lifting body is worked, the whole construction chassis of jack-up, and the walking mechanism of chassis and guide rail are separated; When lifting body is regained, chassis falls guide rail wheel and contacts with guide rail, and chassis weight drops on guide rail.Lifting body no longer bears the weight of chassis, and lifting body can be dismantled and be separated with chassis, or between lifting body and chassis because lose the effect of gravity natural separation.Preferably, described lifting body is jack.Preferably, it is just pedestal that lifting body or jack be take pilot tunnel, forms the supporting structure of supporting chassis.Preferably, described jack has even number, plays the effect of jacking chassis, supports whole chassis, the bracing force that load dividing dolly both sides are subject to.Preferably, described jack is screw jack.
At work progress, use above-mentioned trolley device system, method is as follows: utilize pilot tunnel just to prop up, lay guide rail, chassis is located on guide rail.Along lining construction direction, promote chassis and arrive destination.Set jack, with jack jacking chassis, make the template surface top, hole to treating lining cutting in place of chassis.Now chassis is separated with guide rail, and guide rail does not bear chassis and concrete weight in lining cutting process; And the corresponding position by jack console height and template.
Different according to execution conditions, jack is set up in the site that only need reach design load at ground loading capacity; When there is no applicable pressure-bearing site, only need be in the place of minority pre-concreting carry out sedimentation pressure test.As the sedimentation phenomenon that meets accident, due to jack have a plurality of, so be difficult for toppling.When sedimentation occurs in certain site, jack place, the height of the jack that again raises can adjust the height of chassis, needn't reinstall supporting mechanism.
Preferably, below lower edge pull bar, arrange and prolong the assembly steel frame construction that lining construction direction is extended, make pressure unification between each mould bases on steelframe, facilitate the unified jacking of lifting body (as jack), dispense pressure.Preferably, described assembly steel frame construction is Two bors d's oeuveres i iron or box steel.
Especially, under the construction environment of hole stake method, when on dismounting is original, pilot tunnel just props up, reserve part is Zhi Gaodu just, utilizes the just supporting of existing pilot tunnel to be stressed, and can further reduce the site setting in chassis construction.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model:
1. improve speed of application: outstanding rail formula chassis makes full use of existing condition as support platform, greatly shorten the time of two lining button arch concrete construction installation and removal moulds, shortened the duration.Especially in the construction of hole stake method, the pilot tunnel that can not abolish is Zhi Zuowei support platform just, and its bearing capacity is good, and locations of structures, along pilot tunnel depth direction, is conveniently constructed continuously.
2. cost-saving: to compare with the loose mould bases form of construction work of spelling, adopt outstanding rail formula chassis to save mould bases and spell the labour cost of tearing open, saved scaffold and taken and tear labour cost open.Compare with console mode chassis, saved track foundation disposal cost, lighter than console mode chassis, saved chassis manufacturing cost.
3. reliable construction quality: the utility model chassis is because tear operation open without spelling, and during longitudinal extension operation, advance balance (according to the guide rail of field condition setting, only to bear chassis pressure, not yielding), improved while extending operation the precision of building between adjacent lining cutting, solve faulting of slab ends and the spillage problem of the assembled easy appearance of loose spelling mould bases, guaranteed concrete pouring quality.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with test example and the specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as to the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the utility model only limits to following embodiment, all technology realizing based on the utility model content all belong to scope of the present utility model.
As concrete parallel embodiment of the present utility model, in tunnel construction trolley, template can be symmetrical domatic, asymmetric domatic, hemidome.According to practice of construction situation, adjust the slope structure shape of chassis, make the suitable construction environment of structure of template, guarantee the seam density of template and other end mode structure, improve lining construction precision.
Further, there is reinforcing rib structure at the described template back side.Preferably, the structure of described reinforcing rib and upper arch is one, and reinforcing rib is the structural reinforcing part of template, is again a part for upper arch, and when arched stability is strengthened, the bearing strength of template is large lifting also.
Further, described template is arc formwork, and the mould bases that template below arranges is domatic truss.Certainly, some steel frame constructions be can also below domatic truss, set up, the height of chassis and the bearing capacity of truss increased.Preferably, described steel frame construction is parallel truss, or is set to the domatic truss that bottom has certain altitude, and top is domatic, the trussed construction of bottom cube structure.
Further, described walking mechanism can also be other parallel moving mechanism.
Further, be provided with backing plate below jack, described backing plate is by the lumps of wood and steel plate is overlapping forms.
Embodiment 1
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-5, carry out embodiment 1 explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, in PBA engineering method, not exclusively abolish pilot tunnel and just prop up 8, utilize and do not abolish just Zhi Zuowei chassis formwork erection and mobile main support platform.Guaranteeing has enough gaps between chassis and the bottom earthwork 9, and convenient construction personnel, transport of materials are passed through.Chassis adopts i iron mould bases 2, adjustable formwork 1 forms, chassis length is 7.5m, i iron mould bases is divided into wind up arch 201, middle web member 203 and lower edge pull bar 202, along the long limit of template, (or build bearing of trend along lining cutting, being pilot tunnel bearing of trend) every 0.75m arranges one and amounts to 11 assembly mould frames (with different shown in Fig. 1) across, each chassis, by 0.75m spacing, be welded on the longitudinal Two bors d's oeuveres i iron of I20 (or case steel work steel); Between every two assembly mould frames, adopt φ 48 steel pipes (205 in Fig. 5) to connect (every assembly mould frame arranges 6), guarantee that it is stable; Template adopts the adjustable sheet steel form of 1500x750x5mm, and button arch in long edge longitudinally arranges, and template directly adopts bolt to fix, and after template assembly completes, is welded and fixed with mould bases.Longitudinally Two bors d's oeuveres i iron is divided into 25t screw jack 3, screw jack setting space 1.0m.
Before construction, abolish part pilot tunnel and just prop up, make the top lifting height of the suitable lining trolley of residual altitude of first, as shown in first that partly abolishes in Fig. 1 or Fig. 3.On first of both sides, set up the first i iron 401 (i iron operation crossbearer), then prolonged longitudinal the second i iron 402 arranging of pilot tunnel as guide rail in the added setting of the first i iron (crossbearer).Chassis prolongs guide rail and advances to lining cutting position, by jack 3 jackings to lining cutting height, pouring construction.After completing, remove the pressure of jack, under chassis, roll back on guide rail, promote chassis and advance to next section of construction site, jack jacking chassis is in place, starts next section of pouring construction.
Carry out cost analysis comparison with the construction of loose spelling mould bases, the construction of console mode chassis of prior art, result is as following table:
Table 1. cost analysis
Outstanding rail formula chassis of the present utility model has been saved construction cost, especially labour cost greatly.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, in PBA engineering method, not exclusively abolish pilot tunnel and just prop up, utilize and do not abolish just Zhi Zuowei chassis formwork erection and mobile main support platform.Chassis adopts i iron mould bases+adjustable formwork to form, chassis length is 7.5m, i iron mould bases is divided into the arch that winds up, middle web member and lower edge pull bar, along the long every 0.75m in limit (or building bearing of trend along lining cutting) of template arrange one across, each chassis amounts to 11 assembly mould frames, by 0.75m spacing, is welded on the longitudinal Two bors d's oeuveres i iron of I20 (or case steel work steel); Between every two assembly mould frames, adopt φ 48 steel pipes to connect (every assembly mould frame arranges 6), guarantee that it is stable; Template adopts the adjustable sheet steel form of 1500x750x5mm, and button arch in long edge longitudinally arranges, and template directly adopts bolt to fix, and after template assembly completes, is welded and fixed with mould bases.Longitudinally Two bors d's oeuveres i iron is divided into 25t screw jack, screw jack setting space 1.0m.
Before construction, abolish part pilot tunnel and just prop up, make the top lifting height of the suitable lining trolley of residual altitude of first.On first of both sides, set up i iron operation crossbearer, then prolonged the longitudinal i iron arranging of pilot tunnel as guide rail in the added setting of crossbearer.Chassis prolongs guide rail and advances to lining cutting position, by jack jacking to lining cutting height, pouring construction.After completing, remove the pressure of jack, under chassis, roll back on guide rail, promote chassis and advance to next section of construction site, jack jacking chassis is in place, starts next section of pouring construction.