CN203827225U

CN203827225U - Energy-efficient single-phase asynchronous motor with electronic switch

Info

Publication number: CN203827225U
Application number: CN201420276942.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐东旭; 张英超; 徐东升; 张润禄; 时海建; 徐东山; 张秀川
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-05-21
Filing date: 2014-05-21
Publication date: 2014-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2024-05-21

Abstract

The utility model provides an energy-efficient single-phase asynchronous motor with an electronic switch. A voltage monitoring bridge drives an isolation optoislator to trigger a thytistor to control a starting relay to act to complete the starting process of the motor; the number of turns is increased and a main winding of a tap is pulled out from the middle, a power supply is switched on through contact transformation of a switching relay, when the motor is started, a complete main winding is switched on to reduce the starting current of the motor, after the starting process is ended, a contact of the switching relay is connected to the position of the tap, part of coil of the main winding participates in the operation so as to enter a large-current working state, and a double-power motor can be made through the control of a change-over switch.

Description

The energy-efficient monopole asynchronous motor of having electronic switch

Technical field:

The utility model relates to a kind of energy-efficient monopole asynchronous motor that uses electronic switch to replace traditional centrifugal switch.

Background technology:

General monopole asynchronous motor relies on " splitting phase " effect of electric capacity, uses auxiliary winding and the main winding arranged in dislocation of series capacitance, forms the rotating magnetic field of motor stator.For ensureing that motor provides enough torques from inactive state to the process running well, conventionally strengthen the capacity of electric capacity in start-up course, concrete way is to use centrifugal switch, access jumbo start-up capacitance at starting process of motor, after reaching certain rotating speed, centrifugal switch moves, and throws start-up capacitance away and only depends on running electric capacity to maintain auxiliary winding electric current (Fig. 1).

Some use controllable silicons that recent market occurs replace the electronic switch of centrifugal switch, and not only cost is higher, and anti-conveyance capacity is too poor, is difficult to be applied widely.

In addition, general monopole asynchronous motor, all by the electromagnetic scheme of the required design winding of normal operation, inevitably reality, electric current while being startup exceedes the several times of normal operating current, be embodied in especially on the motor that power is larger, excessive starting current must impact electrical network and cause significantly voltage fluctuation.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this utility model, is to provide the strong electronic switch of a kind of conveyance capacity with low cost, anti-, replaces traditional centrifugal switch, and for reducing motor start-up electric current, improving motor complete machine effect, provides a kind of Electromagnetic Design scheme of novelty.

Realize technical measures of the present utility model: except the common low-voltage dc power supply being formed by decompression capacitor C1, rectifier bridge ZQ and filter capacitor C2, electronic switch entirety is divided into motor start-up switch and main winding number of turns change-over circuit two parts, the former is the voltage monitoring bridge YQ of resistance R 1～R4 composition, in the time that motor speed improves, the voltage of YQ also raises, rectifier bridge ZQ2 drives the even GO of isolation light to trigger controllable silicon TB1, the coil voltage of bypass start-up relay J 1, J1 discharges the path that disconnects start-up capacitance, completes starting process of motor (Fig. 2); The latter is the main winding LZ that increases the number of turns and draw tap C at mid portion, converts by the contact of switching relay J2 the position switching on power; In the time of motor start-up, J2 normally-closed contact links A point, connects complete main winding to reduce motor start-up electric current; Finish after start-up course, J2 deferred action, its normally opened contact access tap C point position, LZ part winding participates in operation, the operating state (Fig. 3) that enters large electric current.

Brief description of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is the single-phase electromotor circuit schematic diagram of the two capacitance arrangement of common startup/running;

Fig. 2 is simple electric start switching circuit schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is the electric start switching circuit schematic diagram of supporting main winding change-over circuit;

Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of the monopole asynchronous motor of two power.

Each map logo is unitedly described as follows:

LF is auxiliary winding; A, B are the two-end-point of main winding LZ; C is main winding tap; J1 is starting relay; J2 is switching relay; QC is start-up capacitance; YC is running electric capacity; C1 is decompression capacitor; C2 is filter capacitor; C3, C4 are delay capacitor; R1～R11 is resistance, and wherein R1～R4 is combined into voltage monitoring bridge YQ; ZQ1, ZQ2 are rectifier bridge; GO is even for isolating light; TB1, TB2 are controllable silicon; K is power change switch.

Embodiment: the execution mode of further introducing utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Embodiment mono-: simple electric start switch

As shown in Figure 2, connect after motor power, the starting relay J1 action that the low-tension supply of decompression capacitor C1 and rectifier bridge ZQ1 composition directly drives, motor auxiliary winding is connected the startup loop that start-up capacitance QC forms; The voltage monitoring bridge YQ being formed by resistance R 1～R4, the constantly voltage of monitoring starting process of motor, reaching YQ voltage rising after desired speed, drive the even GO of isolation light to trigger the coil voltage of controllable silicon TB1 conducting bypass J1 by rectifier bridge ZQ2, J1 discharges, and its contact disconnects QC path and completes start-up course.

The effect of delay capacitor C3 in figure, be to prevent that mechanical breakdown or other reasons from causing start-up time long and burn auxiliary winding or start-up capacitance QC, export resistance R 6 resistances of connecting at normal start-up course and GO very little, after GO output conducting, C3 voltage raises very soon and triggers rapidly controllable silicon TB1, as GO output conducting in time for some reason, low-tension supply still can complete start-up course by time delay triggering TB1 through resistance R 8 to C3 charging.

The volume of electric start switch is little, can be combined into one with the start-up capacitance QC of the Products Development in Small Type Common solution electric capacity composition of two differential concatenations.

Embodiment bis-: the electric start switch of supporting main winding change-over circuit

In Fig. 3 circuit, connect after motor power, the low-tension supply of decompression capacitor C1 and rectifier bridge ZQ1 composition directly drives starting relay J1 action, motor auxiliary winding is connected the startup loop that start-up capacitance QC forms, because switching relay J2 not yet moves, its normally-closed contact is connected complete main winding LZ at A point; Motor operation reaches after desired speed, and voltage monitoring bridge YQ voltage raises, and rectifier bridge ZQ2 drives the coil voltage of the controllable silicon TB1 conducting bypass J1 that isolates the even GO triggering of light, and after J1 discharges, its contact disconnection QC path completes start-up course; Now, because J1 coil is by TB1 bypass lower end potential rise, resistance R 10 is to delay capacitor C4 charging, and time delay triggers controllable silicon TB2, switching relay J2 action, normally opened contact access tap C point position, main winding LZ reduces because the number of turns reduces impedance, the operating state that enters large electric current.

Embodiment tri-: the monopole asynchronous motor of two power

On the basis of Fig. 3 circuit, increase a simple power change switch K, be used for short circuit J2 coil as required, just become the monopole asynchronous motor (Fig. 4) of two power.High-power operational mode and Fig. 3 are as good as, and closed power change over switch K, because J2 can not move, just enters small-power operational mode (being equal to Fig. 2).

The utility model uses relay to coordinate the electronic switch of electronic component composition, substitute at lower cost traditional centrifugal switch, the anti-conveyance capacity of the electronic switch taking controllable silicon as main formation comparing is stronger, supporting main winding change-over circuit, can effectively reduce motor start-up electric current, avoid the impact of starting process of motor to electrical network, improve complete machine effect of motor.

Claims

1. an energy-efficient monopole asynchronous motor for having electronic switch, is characterized in that: the low-voltage dc power supply being made up of decompression capacitor, rectifier bridge and filter capacitor; The voltage monitoring bridge of four resistance compositions, the motor start-up circuit consisting of the even thyristor controlled starting relay triggering of isolation light and the change-over circuit of switching relay changing-over main winding end points [A] or tap [C] form jointly.

2. the energy-efficient monopole asynchronous motor of having electronic switch according to claim 1, is characterized in that: its motor start-up circuit part, is jointly triggered controllable silicon and is completed start-up course by voltage monitoring bridge, isolation light even summation delay circuit.

3. according to the energy-efficient monopole asynchronous motor of having electronic switch described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: electric start switch can be combined into one with the start-up capacitance [QC] of the Products Development in Small Type Common solution electric capacity composition of two differential concatenations.

4. the energy-efficient monopole asynchronous motor of having electronic switch according to claim 3, is characterized in that: use power change switch [K] to control switching relay [J2], the monopole asynchronous motor of the two power of structure.