CN203827197U - Modular H bridge cascaded multilevel mutually-balanced electric power electronic transformer - Google Patents
Modular H bridge cascaded multilevel mutually-balanced electric power electronic transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN203827197U CN203827197U CN201420226368.5U CN201420226368U CN203827197U CN 203827197 U CN203827197 U CN 203827197U CN 201420226368 U CN201420226368 U CN 201420226368U CN 203827197 U CN203827197 U CN 203827197U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a modular H bridge cascaded multilevel mutually-balanced electric power electronic transformer, which forms a power electronic device on the basis of IGBT, utilizes effective control strategy so that the electric power electronic transformer satisfies the condition of four-quadrant controlled operation, can be used for carrying out bidirectional power flow control, facilitates the large-scale modular production since the main circuit adopts an H bridge cascaded multilevel modular structure, can satisfy the actual high-level class application, makes the harmonic content of output voltage lower, the switching frequency of the device lower and the consumption smaller, and avoids the problem of voltage equalizing. The system structure provided by the utility model is in an AC/DC/AC mode, comprises a high-voltage level, an isolating level and a low-voltage level, and can complete the function of power flow control and electric energy quality adjustment while completing the functions such as voltage transformation, isolation and energy transfer of the conventional transformer.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of transformer, is specifically related to the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of a kind of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level.
Background technology
Electric power electric transformer is called again solid-state transformer or flexible transformer, it is that to take electric electronic current change technology and electromagnetic induction technology be basic novel transformer, it has changed the system configuration of traditional transformer thoroughly, realizing on the basis of the basic functions such as conventional electric power transformer voltage grade transformation, electrical isolation and energy transmission, can also realize many additional functionalities such as bi-directional current control, quality of power supply control, be the critical equipment that intelligent grid of future generation is built.Adopt full-control type composite electric insulating electronic device grid bipolar transistors (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), can realize the flexible control of electric power electric transformer, facilitate it can be at four quadrant running.Yet the highest withstand voltage of this kind of device is lower than 6.5 kilovolts at present, and the current power distribution network low voltage distribution transformer of China is also more than 10 kilovolts, if adopt the mode of device series average-voltage, also must install in addition equalizer circuit and control method additional, even the two level structures that adopt power device directly to connect, also have dynamic and static voltage-sharing, and dv/dt are larger, can produce reluctant electromagnetic interference problem, exist the hidden danger such as power device inefficacy even punctures.Therefore be subject to the restriction of power electric component development level, be adapted to the high pressure of electrical network demand, the electric power electric transformer that meets four quadrant running of high-power, large electric current from practical also far apart.
The proposition of multilevel converter, for research and the application of mesohigh type high-power converter provides a brand-new thinking, and there are the not commeasurable a series of advantages of two level current transformers,, good voltage waveform high such as output voltage grade, harmonic wave are little etc., and it mainly contains three kinds of topological structures: diode-clamped, leap capacitor-clamped type, have the H bridge cascade connection type of independent direct current voltage source.Leaping the many level current transformers of capacitor-clamped type needs the electric capacity of a large amount of large volumes, and the many level current transformers of diode-clamped exist intrinsic direct current midpoint potential imbalance problem, and the many level current transformers of H bridge cascade voltage type do not exist Neutral-point Potential Fluctuation problem.Some current electric power electric transformer technology do not possess the ability of three-phase electric energy automatic mutual balance, need to control separately and could solve.
Electric power electric transformer is the novel electric power transformer progressively growing up along with the development of high-power electric and electronic technology in recent years.It is being realized on the basis of the basic functions such as conventional electric power transformer voltage grade transformation, electrical isolation and energy transmission, can also realize many additional functionalities such as trend control, quality of power supply control, this is because it can comprise electrical energy parameters such as the amplitude of voltage (or electric current), phase place, frequency, the number of phases, phase sequence and waveforms in working control.
Utility model content
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer, take IGBT as basic comprising power electronic device, utilize effective control strategy to make electric power electric transformer meet four-quadrant controlling run, can carry out bi-directional current control, and main circuit adopts H bridge cascading multiple electrical level modular construction, facilitate extensive modularization to produce, can meet actual voltage levels application, and make harmonic wave of output voltage content lower, devices switch frequency is low, loss is less, without voltage-sharing.The system configuration that this patent proposes is AC/DC/AC mode, possesses hiigh pressure stage, isolation level and low-pressure stage, when completing the functions such as conventional transformer transformation, isolation, energy transmission, can also complete trend and control and quality of power supply regulatory function.
To achieve these goals, the utility model is taked following scheme:
The invention provides the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of a kind of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level, described electric power electric transformer comprises AC/DC rectifier, DC/AC current transformer, high frequency transformer, AC/DC current transformer, low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module and DC/AC inverter; Described AC/DC rectifier connects described DC/AC current transformer by high voltage dc bus, described DC/AC current transformer, high frequency transformer and AC/DC current transformer are connected successively, described AC/DC current transformer connects low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module by low-voltage direct bus, and described low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module connects described DC/AC inverter.
Industrial frequency AC input signal is transformed to the first d. c. voltage signal through described AC/DC rectifier, described DC/AC current transformer is modulated to high-frequency ac square-wave signal by described the first d. c. voltage signal, described high-frequency ac square-wave signal is realized electric pressure conversion and electromagnetic isolation through described high frequency transformer, described AC/DC current transformer is converted to the second d. c. voltage signal by the high-frequency ac square-wave signal of high frequency transformer output again, described the second d. c. voltage signal inputs to described DC/DC inverter by low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module, DC/AC inverter is transformed to required industrial frequency AC output signal by the second d. c. voltage signal, the power supply of realization to load.
Described AC/DC rectifier consists of a plurality of single-phase H bridge current transformer module-cascades, the electric pressure of surveying to improve electric power electric transformer input; The cascade number of described H bridge converter module depends on the electric pressure of electric power electric transformer power distribution network that high-pressure side connects and the withstand voltage level of power device used, and the three-phase circuit of AC/DC rectifier adopts star structure.
Described DC/AC current transformer is comprised of n single-phase full bridge DC/AC converter module, and its DC side is connected with the DC side of described AC/DC rectifier by high voltage dc bus, completes the first d. c. voltage signal to the conversion of high-frequency ac square-wave signal.
The every phase winding of described high frequency transformer all adopts n to enter three winding constructions that go out, and realizes the high/low conversion of high-frequency ac square-wave signal electric pressure and the electrical isolation of arbitrarily downgrading.
Described AC/DC current transformer is comprised of three independent single-phase full bridge AC/DC converter modules of controlling, and completes high-frequency ac square-wave signal to the conversion of the second d. c. voltage signal.
The direct voltage output DC of described AC/DC current transformer
ai, DC
biand DC
ciin parallel accordingly, form the output DC of described low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module
a, DC
band DC
c, i=1,2,3 wherein.
Described DC/AC inverter is exported needed industrial frequency AC output signal by three single-phase full bridge DC/AC converter modules through LC filter, completes voltage transformation and the delivery of electrical energy of electric power electric transformer.
On described high voltage dc bus and low-voltage direct bus, be respectively equipped with a plurality of DC capacitors.
Described AC/DC rectifier and DC/AC inverter lay respectively at hiigh pressure stage and low-pressure stage, and described high-frequency AC/DC current transformer, high frequency transformer and high-frequency AC/DC current transformer are all positioned at isolation level.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1. adopt H bridge cascading multiple electrical level structure, not only can reduce device usage quantity, minimizing harmonic effects but also can adapt to high voltage grade, and there is modular construction characteristic;
2. adopt three-phase sub-unit structure, facilitate three-phase independently to control and can realize again modularization production;
3. adopt the corresponding mutual balanced design in parallel of low-pressure stage DC bus, can realize when low-pressure side or high-pressure side system generation three-phase imbalance, need not adopt special control strategy just can automatically maintain the original poised state of whole system;
4. can realize to and fro flow of power, both can be used as step-down transformer, also can be used as step-up transformer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level structure chart;
Fig. 2 is the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level structure chart in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level circuit topological structure figure in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 4 is AC/DC rectifier topology structure figure in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 5 is DC/AC converter topologies figure in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the utility model embodiment medium/high frequency transformer topology diagram;
Fig. 7 is AC/DC converter topologies figure in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the utility model embodiment mesolow level DC bus parallel module topology diagram;
Fig. 9 is DC/AC inverter topology figure in the utility model embodiment;
Figure 10 is the utility model embodiment mesohigh level control strategy figure;
Figure 11 is isolation level control strategy figure in the utility model embodiment;
Figure 12 is the utility model embodiment mesolow level control strategy figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
As Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the invention provides the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of a kind of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level, described electric power electric transformer comprises AC/DC rectifier, DC/AC current transformer, high frequency transformer, AC/DC current transformer, low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module and DC/AC inverter; Described AC/DC rectifier connects described DC/AC current transformer by high voltage dc bus, described DC/AC current transformer, high frequency transformer and AC/DC current transformer are connected successively, described AC/DC current transformer connects low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module by low-voltage direct bus, and described low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module connects described DC/AC inverter.
Industrial frequency AC input signal is transformed to the first d. c. voltage signal through described AC/DC rectifier, described DC/AC current transformer is modulated to high-frequency ac square-wave signal by described the first d. c. voltage signal, described high-frequency ac square-wave signal is realized electric pressure conversion and electromagnetic isolation through described high frequency transformer, described AC/DC current transformer is converted to the second d. c. voltage signal by the high-frequency ac square-wave signal of high frequency transformer output again, described the second d. c. voltage signal inputs to described DC/DC inverter by low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module, DC/AC inverter is transformed to required industrial frequency AC output signal by the second d. c. voltage signal, the power supply of realization to load.
As Fig. 4, described AC/DC rectifier consists of a plurality of single-phase H bridge current transformer module-cascades, the electric pressure of surveying to improve electric power electric transformer input; The cascade number of described H bridge converter module depends on the electric pressure of electric power electric transformer power distribution network that high-pressure side connects and the withstand voltage level of power device used, and the three-phase circuit of AC/DC rectifier adopts star structure.The advantages such as this topological structure of AC/DC rectifier has that input voltage waveform is good, harmonic content is few, and the good and power factor of current waveform quality is adjustable.
As Fig. 5, described DC/AC current transformer is comprised of n single-phase H bridge DC/AC converter module, and its DC side is connected with the DC side of described AC/DC rectifier by high voltage dc bus, completes the first d. c. voltage signal to the conversion of high-frequency ac square-wave signal.
As Fig. 6, described high frequency transformer frequency is usually operated at KHz (kHz) rank, and the object of high frequency is mainly significantly dwindle the volume of transformer, weight reduction, minimizing heat radiation and improve transformer capacity and efficiency etc.In high frequency transformer, every phase winding all adopts n to enter three winding constructions that go out, and realizes the high/low conversion of high-frequency ac square-wave signal electric pressure and the electrical isolation of arbitrarily downgrading.
As Fig. 7, described AC/DC current transformer is comprised of three independent single-phase H bridge AC/DC converter modules of controlling, and completes high-frequency ac square-wave signal to the conversion of the second d. c. voltage signal.
As Fig. 9, described DC/AC inverter is exported needed industrial frequency AC output signal by three single-phase H bridge DC/AC converter modules through LC filter, completes voltage transformation and the delivery of electrical energy of electric power electric transformer.
H bridge cascade converter DC bus capacitor is separate, is easy to realize the equilibrium control of each cascade module direct voltage.And, often by the identical several voltage-source type single-phase full bridge current transformer cascade of structure, form, be therefore easy to realize modularized design.Because its DC power supply is relatively independent, also can be by its bypass if there is H bridge unit to break down, reliability is high.
The corresponding mutual balanced design in parallel of low-pressure stage DC bus, can realize when low-pressure side or high-pressure side system generation three-phase imbalance, need not adopt special control strategy just can automatically maintain the original poised state of whole system.
As Fig. 8, the direct voltage output DC of AC/DC current transformer
ai, DC
biand DC
ciin parallel accordingly, form the output DC of described low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module
a, DC
band DC
c, i=1,2,3 wherein.This great advantage at low-voltage bus bar DC side crisscross parallel is to have solved unbalanced the influencing each other of electric power electric transformer high and low pressure side system from structure, and automatically improved power supply reliability, as long as a submodule normal operation just can guarantee basic electricity, greatly improved power supply reliability, and it is simple in structure, control is convenient, this electric power electric transformer that is also this patent designs can be realized the key point of automatic mutual equilibrium function.
As Fig. 2, described AC/DC rectifier and DC/AC inverter lay respectively at hiigh pressure stage and low-pressure stage, and described high-frequency AC/DC current transformer, high frequency transformer and high-frequency AC/DC current transformer are all positioned at isolation level.
As Figure 10, the control target of described hiigh pressure stage comprises that hiigh pressure stage DC bus-bar voltage is constant and industrial frequency AC input current sinusoidal and power factor is adjustable flexibly;
The AC/DC rectifier that is positioned at hiigh pressure stage adopts Double-loop Control Strategy, i.e. direct voltage outer shroud and exchanges that input current is interior to be encircled;
Direct voltage outer shroud is in order to control AC/DC rectifier DC side voltage constant, and exchanging ring in input current is to carry out Current Control according to the active current command value of direct voltage outer shroud output.As realize the adjustable sine-wave current of power factor and control, adopt voltage feed-forward control decoupling zero to control and make ring (i in three-phase AC/DC converter current
d, i
q) realize decoupling zero, and can eliminate grid disturbances.Adopt feed forward decoupling control strategy, and current regulator and voltage regulator obtaining the Mathematical Modeling equation of hiigh pressure stage H bridge cascade connection multi-level current transformer under dq coordinate system by transformation matrix and be while all adopting PI controller:
Wherein, L is AC filter inductance, i
d, i
qbe respectively three-phase alternating current input current i
a, i
b, i
cd, q axle component;
be respectively d, q axis AC input reference current value; e
d, e
qbe respectively d, the q axle component of three phase network voltage;
be respectively three-phase modulations signal
d, q axle component.
Transformation matrix is:
For maintaining the constant of direct voltage summation, this patent adopts PI to control, actual DC voltage summation is obtained to actual DC average voltage divided by H bridge cascade module number, by this mean value and given DC voltage average value comparison, export after PI (1) controller as current inner loop active current command value.In addition in order to avoid as far as possible because the not quite identical direct voltage that causes between Cascade H bridge of H pontic characteristic or circuit parameter is uneven, in DC voltage control ring, by the direct voltage of single H bridge module and the comparison of actual DC average voltage, the deviation of output after PI (2) controller as phase shift compensation signal delta δ
i, in order to revise the phase angle difference of each Cascade H bridge module modulating wave, thereby reach, control the constant object of each Cascade H bridge module direct voltage, and adopt phase-shifted SPWM modulation technique.
In alternating current, ring adopts state feedback decoupling to control, three-phase alternating current input current i
a, i
b, i
cthrough coordinate transform, obtain d, q axle component i
d, i
q, respectively with current instruction value separately
relatively, the deviation obtaining is through PI (3), PI (4) controller, then with voltage feed-forward control signal e
d, e
qand i
d, i
qcross feedback decoupling zero signal synthesis, finally as d, q axle modulating wave command voltage signal
, after coordinate transform, obtain
, be input to hiigh pressure stage modulation signal generator, produce switch controlling signal, thereby realize DC-side Voltage Stabilization, control and exchange the sinusoidal control of input current unity power factor.
As Figure 11, the control target of described isolation level comprises electrical isolation and the electric pressure conversion of hiigh pressure stage and low-pressure stage; The DC/AC current transformer that connects the former limit of high frequency transformer is modulated into high-frequency ac square-wave signal by the first d. c. voltage signal, is coupled to secondary, then is transformed to the second d. c. voltage signal through connecting the AC/DC current transformer of its secondary through high frequency transformer.
The direct voltage U of isolation level secondary converter
owith with reference to direct voltage U
refdo, after difference, through PI, to regulate and obtain former limit converter voltage u
abwith secondary converter voltage u
cdphase shifting angle θ, by controlling phase shifting angle θ, realize the DC bus-bar voltage of determining of secondary converter and control.
As Figure 12, the control target of described low-pressure stage is no matter the in the situation that of balanced load or asymmetric load, to realize phase voltage constant amplitude and obtain sinusoidal waveform; The DC/AC inverter of low-pressure stage adopts dicyclo to control, and outer shroud is that output voltage instantaneous value is controlled, and keeps output voltage amplitude constant; Interior ring is that filter capacitor current instantaneous value is controlled, and adopts SPWM to control, and makes the given sine wave of voltage-tracing, maintains the good sine of output waveform.
At outer shroud, measure output phase voltage instantaneous value u
0with sinusoidal wave reference voltage u
refrelatively, form error signal, process PI controller is as the instantaneous reference value of current inner loop, with the filter capacitor current i of feedback
ccompare, the margin of error obtains modulating wave u after P controller
r, with triangle wave, form pulse signal and drive inverter.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that the technical solution of the utility model is not intended to limit, although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement embodiment of the present utility model, and do not depart from any modification of the utility model spirit and scope or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level, is characterized in that: described electric power electric transformer comprises AC/DC rectifier, DC/AC current transformer, high frequency transformer, AC/DC current transformer, low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module and DC/AC inverter; Described AC/DC rectifier connects described DC/AC current transformer by high voltage dc bus, described DC/AC current transformer, high frequency transformer and AC/DC current transformer are connected successively, described AC/DC current transformer connects low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module by low-voltage direct bus, and described low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module connects described DC/AC inverter.
2. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: industrial frequency AC input signal is transformed to the first d. c. voltage signal through described AC/DC rectifier, described DC/AC current transformer is modulated to high-frequency ac square-wave signal by described the first d. c. voltage signal, described high-frequency ac square-wave signal is realized electric pressure conversion and electromagnetic isolation through described high frequency transformer, described AC/DC current transformer is converted to the second d. c. voltage signal by the high-frequency ac square-wave signal of high frequency transformer output again, described the second d. c. voltage signal inputs to described DC/DC inverter by low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module, DC/AC inverter is transformed to required industrial frequency AC output signal by the second d. c. voltage signal, the power supply of realization to load.
3. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described AC/DC rectifier consists of a plurality of single-phase H bridge current transformer module-cascades the electric pressure of surveying to improve electric power electric transformer input; The cascade number of described H bridge converter module depends on the electric pressure of electric power electric transformer power distribution network that high-pressure side connects and the withstand voltage level of power device used, and the three-phase circuit of AC/DC rectifier adopts star structure.
4. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DC/AC current transformer is comprised of n single-phase full bridge DC/AC converter module, its DC side is connected with the DC side of described AC/DC rectifier by high voltage dc bus, completes the first d. c. voltage signal to the conversion of high-frequency ac square-wave signal.
5. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the every phase winding of described high frequency transformer all adopts n to enter three winding constructions that go out, realize the high/low conversion of high-frequency ac square-wave signal electric pressure and the electrical isolation of arbitrarily downgrading.
6. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described AC/DC current transformer is comprised of three independent single-phase full bridge AC/DC converter modules of controlling, and completes high-frequency ac square-wave signal to the conversion of the second d. c. voltage signal.
7. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the direct voltage output DC of described AC/DC current transformer
ai, DC
biand DC
ciin parallel accordingly, form the output DC of described low-pressure stage DC bus parallel module
a, DC
band DC
c, i=1,2,3 wherein.
8. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DC/AC inverter is exported needed industrial frequency AC output signal by three single-phase full bridge DC/AC converter modules through LC filter, completes voltage transformation and the delivery of electrical energy of electric power electric transformer.
9. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on described high voltage dc bus and low-voltage direct bus, be respectively equipped with a plurality of DC capacitors.
10. the mutual balancing electric power electronic transformer of modularization H bridge cascading multiple electrical level according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described AC/DC rectifier and DC/AC inverter lay respectively at hiigh pressure stage and low-pressure stage, described high-frequency AC/DC current transformer, high frequency transformer and high-frequency AC/DC current transformer are all positioned at isolation level.
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CN103956911A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-30 | 国家电网公司 | Modularized H-bridge cascade multilevel mutual-balance power electronic transformer |
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CN112398308B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2022-08-26 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Multi-port energy router and control system and control method thereof |
CN110798074A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-14 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Cascade type single-phase alternating current-to-direct current isolation converter |
CN110798074B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-06-18 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Cascade type single-phase alternating current-to-direct current isolation converter |
CN112117784A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-22 | 上海交通大学 | Operation control method of virtual transformer |
CN113037117A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-06-25 | 燕山大学 | MMC-SST topology based on four active bridges and control method |
CN115642783A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-01-24 | 眉山博雅新材料股份有限公司 | High-frequency power supply and power device for high-frequency power supply |
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