CN203824640U - Automobile steering system inherent frequency measuring system - Google Patents
Automobile steering system inherent frequency measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203824640U CN203824640U CN201420105837.8U CN201420105837U CN203824640U CN 203824640 U CN203824640 U CN 203824640U CN 201420105837 U CN201420105837 U CN 201420105837U CN 203824640 U CN203824640 U CN 203824640U
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Abstract
Provided is an automobile steering system inherent frequency measuring system which is mainly composed of an excitation system, a measuring sensor and a measuring analysis system. An acceleration signal of an acceleration sensor and an exciting force signal generated by an electromagnetic oscillator are measured by the system, and resonance is judged. When resonance occurs, frequency of the exciting force signal is inherent frequency of a steering system. The system can be easily mastered by measuring personnel, and measurement is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to detect field of measuring technique, relate in particular to a kind of automobile steering system natural frequency measuring system.
Background technology
The vibration of automobile steering system is the sensitivity vibration that driver can directly perceive, and it directly affects control stability and the ride performance of car load.Research is found, steering system vibration be mainly due to automobile in the process of running at high speed road surface the idling excitation of not gentle engine cause, and the buffeting of steering wheel is the most responsive under engine idle, the engine vibration that automobile produces the in the situation that of idling is because the inertial force of reciprocating motion of the pistons causes, its vibration frequency is relevant with cylinder number and the rotating speed of engine, passenger vehicle engine idling speed is generally 700-1000rPm, its excited frequency of passenger car for 4 cylinders is about 20-35Hz, passenger car excited frequency for 6 cylinders is about 35-50Hz.In the time that the natural frequency of steering and vibrational excitation frequency approach, will cause the excessive vibration of steering wheel.Because car steering wheel and driver's hand directly contacts, therefore the magnitude of vibrations of steering wheel must be controlled within the scope of acceptable, otherwise can cause driver's fatigue, and car comfort is affected.So in the time of design vehicle, for fear of resonance, the natural frequency of its steering of passenger car of four cylinders need be greater than 35Hz; The natural frequency of its steering of passenger car of six cylinders need be greater than 50Hz.
Existing motor turning test macro is all employing power hammer advocate approach generally, due in the time testing and make firmly to hammer into shape, test to trigger and arrange, trigger the force signal that the signal source arranging is power hammer, when each power hammer excitation only reaches the toggle area of setting, system just can gather and deal with data.In addition, because needs carry out multiple averaging, when each power hammer excitation, need the dynamics of tester's held stationary, each excitation does not answer difference too large, is also noted that simultaneously, should avoid because of member twice hammering causing that rebound when hammering.Although pulse hammer exciting is simple and effective, aspect the control of the size of center of effort position, power, direction, to there iing skilled operation skill, otherwise can produce very large stochastic error, this is not easy to grasp for general measure personnel, and test effect is also poor.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical matters occurring in test process, the present invention proposes a kind of automobile steering system measuring technique scheme with natural frequency, this technical scheme is by measuring the natural frequency of steering, judge that it is whether within the scope of excitation frequency, to optimize steering system vibration characteristic, to suppress resonance.
The invention provides a kind of automobile steering system natural frequency measuring system, this system is mainly made up of excitation system, survey sensor and measuring and analysis system:
Wherein,
Excitation system is made up of electromagnetic exciter, hertz oscilltor drive system;
Survey sensor adopts three-dimensional acceleration transducer;
Measuring and analysis system comprises signal condition amplifying circuit, data collecting card and industrial computer.
Hertz oscilltor drive system is mainly made up of PIC single-chip microcomputer, pwm signal circuit for generating, inverter circuit, amplitude modulation direct supply and filtering circuit.This hertz oscilltor drive system is taking PIC single-chip microcomputer as main control unit, in conjunction with pwm signal circuit for generating, adopt full-bridge inverting formula power stage mode, export large current oscillation square wave, circuit is transformed into sine wave after filtering, drive electromagnetic exciter to carry out simple harmonic oscillation, thereby steering is carried out to vibrational excitation, make steering wheel obtain the exciting force of the sinusoidal wave form of certain amplitude, frequency.
Electromagnetic exciter is fixed on the energized position of steering wheel, namely 12 o ' clock positions.
Seven three-dimensional acceleration transducers are arranged on steering wheel, wherein six three-dimensional acceleration transducers are evenly arranged on the fulcrum of steering wheel, a three-dimensional acceleration transducer is arranged in steering wheel centre, be respectively used to measure each measuring point radially, the acceleration signal of tangential and vertical direction;
Three output pin Xout, Yout, Zout of each three-dimensional acceleration transducer are respectively tangential X, the acceleration signal in Y, tri-directions of vertical Z radially;
For the precision that improves measurement is provided with preposition RC wave filter on each output pin.
Detecting and analysing system comprises signal condition amplifying circuit, data collecting card and industrial computer;
The vibration signal of the steering wheel that conditioning amplifying circuit is measured three-dimensional acceleration transducer amplifies, filtering;
Data collecting card can gather the signal of multiple passages simultaneously, and first passage receives hertz oscilltor and produces exciting force signal, and other passages receive respectively the acceleration signal producing in three directions of seven measuring point acceleration transducers;
The signal that data collecting card receives the most at last transfers to industrial computer.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, to be described by the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art below, apparently, to those skilled in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work other accompanying drawings that can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of system;
Fig. 2 is excitation system composition frame chart;
Fig. 3 is steering wheel coordinate definition figure;
Fig. 4 is the layout of steering wheel measuring point and point of excitation;
Fig. 5 judges that by acceleration diagnostic method Lee's Sa resonating is as figure.
Embodiment
The basic test principle of this test macro is to measure judgement by resonance: in the time that the frequency of exciting force equates with system frequency, cause system resonance, when resonance, amplitude and phase place have significant change, by these two parameters are measured, can whether resonate by judgement system, thereby determine the natural frequency of system.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is further elaborated.
Automobile steering system natural frequency test macro of the present invention is mainly made up of excitation system, survey sensor and measuring and analysis system three parts.As shown in Figure 1, excitation system is made up of electromagnetic exciter, hertz oscilltor drive system; Survey sensor adopts three-dimensional acceleration transducer; Measuring and analysis system comprises signal condition amplifying circuit, data collecting card and industrial computer.
As shown in Figure 2, hertz oscilltor drive system is mainly made up of PIC single-chip microcomputer, pwm signal circuit for generating, inverter circuit, amplitude modulation direct supply and filtering circuit.This hertz oscilltor drive system is taking PIC single-chip microcomputer as main control unit, in conjunction with pwm signal circuit for generating, adopt full-bridge inverting formula power stage mode, export large current oscillation square wave, circuit is transformed into sine wave after filtering, drive electromagnetic exciter to carry out simple harmonic oscillation, thereby steering is carried out to vibrational excitation, make steering wheel obtain the exciting force of the sinusoidal wave form of certain amplitude, frequency.
Hertz oscilltor drive system output voltage and frequency are adjustable continuously, the wherein frequency of PIC Single-chip Controlling exciting force signal, the amplitude of amplitude modulation DC power control exciting force signal.Drive system frequency and amplitude stability are reliable, flexible adjustment, and adjustable continuously within the scope of 20Hz-1000Hz and 2V-5V respectively, degree of regulation can reach respectively 1Hz and 0.1V.The exciting force signal of this system output transfers to industrial computer by data collecting card.
Use electromagnetic exciter as steering vibration test energisation mode, output band is wide, can produce the exciting force signal of 20-1000Hz frequency range, overcome the defect that survey frequency scope that the mode of common employing power hammer excitation causes is narrower and tester is had relatively high expectations.
Three-dimensional acceleration transducer is as survey sensor, measure respectively each measuring point radially, the acceleration signal of tangential and vertical direction.Fig. 3 is steering wheel coordinate definition figure, wherein tangential (driver's the sensitive direction) of the corresponding steering wheel of X, the corresponding steering wheel of Y radially with vertical (the steering wheel turnover direction) of Z correspondence steering wheel.
When test, first need to arrange measuring point and point of excitation, automobile steering system natural frequency test macro of the present invention, very important effect is accurately played for what measure in the position of determining measuring point, and the selection of position can directly affect the accuracy of test result.The quantity of three-dimensional acceleration transducer and position should be determined according to the spoke architecture of steering wheel.Because the tie point of steering wheel and stiffness variation are obvious, three-dimensional acceleration transducer should be evenly arranged on the fulcrum of steering wheel, and ensures that the signal gathering is uniformly distributed in the exemplary position of steering wheel.Therefore, three-dimensional acceleration transducer should be evenly distributed on steering wheel.The design illustrates choosing of three-dimensional acceleration transducer position as an example of four-wheel width steering wheel example.As shown in Figure 4, start to be evenly arranged 6 measuring points from steering wheel 3 o ' clock positions, each measuring point interval 60 is spent, and is labeled as respectively #1-#6 measuring point in figure, and the 7th measuring point #7 is arranged in steering wheel centre.When test, electromagnetic exciter is fixed on steering wheel 12 o ' clock positions.
In concrete test process, electromagnetic exciter is fixed on to the energized position of steering wheel, as shown in Figure 4, regulates the excitation force frequency of electromagnetic exciter from low to high, gather the vibration signal of three directions of exciting force signal and seven three-dimensional acceleration transducers.Three output pin Xout, Yout, Zout of each acceleration transducer are respectively the acceleration signal in X, Y, tri-directions of Z, for the precision that improves measurement is provided with preposition RC wave filter on each output pin.The explanation signal analysis principle as an example of the acceleration signal of #1 measuring point directions X example.
Data collecting card gathers the signal of multiple passages simultaneously, and first passage receives hertz oscilltor and produces exciting force signal, and the second to the 22 passage receives respectively the common Er Shi mono-road acceleration signal producing in three directions of seven measuring point acceleration transducers.Hertz oscilltor generation exciting force signal inputs to the first passage of data collecting card, the directions X acceleration signal input second channel that #1 measuring point acceleration transducer produces, it is x direction that first passage is set in LabVIEW software, and it is y direction that second channel is set, and x is vertical with y.Exciting force drives steering wheel to do simple harmonic oscillation, and the exciting force signal of x direction and the acceleration signal of y direction are respectively:
Exciting force signal is:
Wherein:
t-the time,
athe amplitude of-exciting force signal;
the frequency of-exciting force signal.
Acceleration signal is:
-steering wheel #1 measuring point directions X acceleration,
-acceleration signal frequency,
b-acceleration signal amplitude,
the phase differential of-x axis signal and y axis signal.
Vibration vertical, different frequency is synthetic mutually, on oscillograph, can demonstrate complicated figure, cries Li Sa as figure.Frequency ratio and the initial phase of the shape of figure and two vibrations are relevant.
The design obtains resonant frequency by the variation that judges lissajous figures shape, i.e. the natural frequency of system.
If the natural frequency of steering wheel is
, in the time there is resonance in steering wheel,
,
, the phase differential of x axis signal and y axis signal is
.As known in figure principle according to Li Sa, the synthetic of two sinusoidal vibrations that orthogonal frequency is identical is oval, when
equal
time,
, the image in the display interface of realizing by LabVIEW will be a positive ellipse, when
be slightly less than
or be slightly larger than
time,
or
time, image is tiltedly oval, its change procedure is as shown in Figure 5.Therefore image becomes the frequency of positive ellipse from oblique ellipse
it is exactly the natural frequency of steering wheel
.
The natural frequency that different measuring points different directions records may be inconsistent, the natural frequency of knowing steering wheel need to be done vibration-testing in different directions, measure vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the multiple measuring point different directions of steering wheel, finally in some directions, the frequency of the measuring point of amplitude maximum is that steering wheel is in the party's natural frequency upwards simultaneously.Natural frequency obtained above is only the natural frequency of #1 measuring point directions X, the acceleration signal of three direction collections of other measuring points is inputted respectively other passages of capture card, each passage and x passage are made as orthogonal, obtain the natural frequency on different measuring points different directions according to situation of change (as the analysis mode of the #1 measuring point directions X signal) judgement of the lissajous figures of the signal of each passage and the formation of x channel input signal.This measurement mechanism adopts seven three-dimensional acceleration transducers to carry out the test of steering wheel natural frequency, the different resonant frequency recording according to each acceleration transducer X, Y, tri-directions of Z and resonance brief acceleration value, in each direction, the resonant frequency of the measuring point of accekeration maximum is the party's natural frequency upwards.The strongest by testing which the direction vibration of excitation that can infer for particular frequency range, this conclusion is improved reliable theoretical foundation is provided for the optimization of steering vibration characteristics.
Detecting and analysing system comprises signal condition amplifying circuit, data collecting card and industrial computer.The vibration signal of the steering wheel that conditioning amplifying circuit is measured three-dimensional acceleration transducer amplifies, filtering, then transfer to industrial computer by data collecting card, data collecting card adopts the multi-channel data acquisition board of NI company, as PCI-6224M, can gather 32 road signals, software is write the reproduction and the real-time analysis that realize collection signal by LabVIEW.
The design adopts phase judgment method, and phase value and resonance front and back Phase Changing special during according to resonance judge whether to resonate.The in the situation that of simple harmonic quantity power exciting, compare amplitude diagnostic method, judge that with phase method resonance is a kind of comparatively responsive method, and frequency when resonance is exactly the undamped natural frequency of a mechanical system of system, can get rid of the impact of damping factor.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to this, in the technical scope that any those of ordinary skill in the art disclose in the present invention; can expect easily, be out of shape or replace, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (2)
1. an automobile steering system natural frequency measuring system, is characterized in that, this system is mainly made up of excitation system, survey sensor and measuring and analysis system:
Wherein,
Excitation system is made up of electromagnetic exciter, hertz oscilltor drive system;
Survey sensor adopts three-dimensional acceleration transducer;
Measuring and analysis system comprises signal condition amplifying circuit, data collecting card and industrial computer.
2. natural frequency measuring system according to claim 1, wherein,
Hertz oscilltor drive system is mainly made up of PIC single-chip microcomputer, pwm signal circuit for generating, inverter circuit, amplitude modulation direct supply and filtering circuit; This hertz oscilltor drive system is taking PIC single-chip microcomputer as main control unit, in conjunction with pwm signal circuit for generating, adopt full-bridge inverting formula power stage mode, export large current oscillation square wave, circuit is transformed into sine wave after filtering, drive electromagnetic exciter to carry out simple harmonic oscillation, thereby steering is carried out to vibrational excitation, make steering wheel obtain the exciting force of the sinusoidal wave form of certain amplitude, frequency;
Electromagnetic exciter is fixed on the energized position of steering wheel, namely 12 o ' clock positions;
Seven three-dimensional acceleration transducers are arranged on steering wheel, wherein six three-dimensional acceleration transducers are evenly arranged on the fulcrum of steering wheel, a three-dimensional acceleration transducer is arranged in steering wheel centre, be respectively used to measure each measuring point radially, the acceleration signal of tangential and vertical direction;
Three output pin Xout, Yout, Zout of each three-dimensional acceleration transducer are respectively tangential X, the acceleration signal in Y, tri-directions of vertical Z radially;
For the precision that improves measurement is provided with preposition RC wave filter on each output pin;
The vibration signal of the steering wheel that conditioning amplifying circuit is measured three-dimensional acceleration transducer amplifies, filtering;
Data collecting card can gather the signal of multiple passages simultaneously, and first passage receives hertz oscilltor and produces exciting force signal, and other passages receive respectively the acceleration signal producing in three directions of seven measuring point acceleration transducers;
The signal that data collecting card receives the most at last transfers to industrial computer.
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| CN201420105837.8U CN203824640U (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Automobile steering system inherent frequency measuring system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420105837.8U CN203824640U (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Automobile steering system inherent frequency measuring system |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103837223A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-04 | 山东科技大学 | Inherent frequency measuring system and method of automobile steering system |
| CN106918388A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-04 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of frequency testing system of steering column |
| CN107063448A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of device and method of testing for simulating photovoltaic mount vibration frequency |
| CN109975001A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-05 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of the mould measurement device and test method of crankshaft tortional vibration damper |
| CN111337121A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 沈阳科网通信息技术有限公司 | Vibration signal deviation soft measurement and correction method for motor rotating equipment |
| CN112161699A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-01-01 | 河南科技大学 | Resonance monitoring system and method for unmanned automobile |
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2014
- 2014-03-07 CN CN201420105837.8U patent/CN203824640U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103837223A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-04 | 山东科技大学 | Inherent frequency measuring system and method of automobile steering system |
| CN106918388A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-04 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of frequency testing system of steering column |
| CN107063448A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of device and method of testing for simulating photovoltaic mount vibration frequency |
| CN107063448B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2024-01-19 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | Device for simulating vibration frequency of photovoltaic bracket and testing method |
| CN109975001A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-05 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of the mould measurement device and test method of crankshaft tortional vibration damper |
| CN109975001B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2024-04-19 | 河北工业大学 | Modal testing device and method for crankshaft torsional vibration damper |
| CN111337121A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 沈阳科网通信息技术有限公司 | Vibration signal deviation soft measurement and correction method for motor rotating equipment |
| CN112161699A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-01-01 | 河南科技大学 | Resonance monitoring system and method for unmanned automobile |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140910 Termination date: 20160307 |