CN203754436U - Ammonia synthetic tower with grille catalyst baskets - Google Patents
Ammonia synthetic tower with grille catalyst baskets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203754436U CN203754436U CN201420096470.8U CN201420096470U CN203754436U CN 203754436 U CN203754436 U CN 203754436U CN 201420096470 U CN201420096470 U CN 201420096470U CN 203754436 U CN203754436 U CN 203754436U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- basket
- bed
- grille
- cylindrical shell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an ammonia synthetic tower with grille catalyst baskets. The synthetic tower is in a vertical axial-radial-flow three-bed-layer reactor structure, wherein first and second heat exchangers are arranged between catalyst beds of first and second beds respectively; the catalyst bed of each bed serves as the catalyst basket which is formed by a barrel body consisting of an outer distributor and an inner distribution collector and is used for containing catalysts; a porous plate for ventilation is arranged at the top of the catalyst basket of the bed, and the bottom of the catalyst basket of the bed is supported by a spherical middle seal head; the spherical middle seal head is connected with an external barrel body and an internal barrel body to form seal. According to the synthetic tower, grille strips are adopted for forming the outer distributors and the inner distribution collectors, and the requirements of small particle catalysts are met by controlling gaps between the grille strips, so that the small particle catalysts can be effectively blocked; due to the axial gap structure, the phenomenon of passing area blockage caused by stuffing of catalyst particles cannot occur, and the integral structural strength is high; the tower can be suitable for the small particle catalysts and large devices.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of grid basket ammonia synthesis converter for chemical fertilizer such as raw material production synthetic ammonia, urea such as oil, coal, Sweet natural gas that is applicable to.
Background technology
Ammonia synthesis converter is commonly called the heart of synthesis ammonia plant, is the main key core equipment in whole synthetic ammonia installation.The selection of catalyst is considered: bed temperature distributes and meets the active temperature scope of catalyst the best; The selection of catalyst granularity is an important factor of reactor design, and small-particle catalyst is due to the little effect of intraparticle diffusion that reduced of its diameter, and its active larger particles catalyst is high.
Ammonia converter internals comprises basket, several parts of interchanger, its internals are for containing catalyst and being the spot of building-up reactions, its operation operating mode harshness is as high in temperature, pressure is high, have problem to be not easy to find at device interior, also will prevent spilling of catalyst etc. simultaneously.
The design of internals need to consider following some: effectively remove reaction heat, ensure that gas uniform ground is by catalyst layer, many as much as possible dress catalyst, lower resistance of catalyst bed falls, simple and reliable for structure, allows internals free expansion etc. in tower.
The pattern of basket is various, have individual layer and multilayer, axially and radially, interior cold-peace cold shock, vertical and horizontal, byproduct steam and not byproduct steam etc. consider to distinguish, at present basket be substantially all many beds, the inner parts structure pattern of interchanger radially or in the catalyst bed band of axle radial flow.Radially or the inner parts structure of axle radial flow design, catalyst bed is filled between 2 cylindrical shells, and gas is short by the distance of catalyst bed, can make the resistance drop minimum of catalyst bed, is more suitable for big-and-middle-sized tower.For the reaction gas that makes access arrangement fully reacts by catalyst bed equably, the sparger of basket bed is the structure design key of wherein internals.
The synthetic ammonia tower inner parts structure of distributor adopting at present has: 1) sparger is the structure of perforate on waved plate, this structure be subject to waved plate thickness restriction the size of perforate, therefore can not be applied on the reactor that adopts small-particle catalyst; 2) sparger is the size that bilayer structure that perforated panel adds silk screen is controlled perforate, wide-bore on plate, add silk screen and stop short grained catalyst, the one, the material rate of silk screen is had relatively high expectations, the 2nd, fixing being relatively difficult between silk screen and perforated panel ensures, thereby easily causes silk screen landing catalyst to leak.Several structures all exist circular port to stop up the possibility of gas passage because catalyst grains is absorbed in above simultaneously.
Utility model content
Goal of the invention of the present utility model is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, provide a kind of catalyst that should not cause to stop up perforate passage and the high grid basket ammonia synthesis converter of intensity.
The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in that grid basket ammonia synthesis converter, it is characterized in that: described synthetic tower is vertical shaft radial flow three bed reactor structures, between first and second catalyst bed, be respectively arranged with the first and second interchanger, catalyst bed in every is formed for the basket of splendid attire catalyst by the cylindrical shell of outer sparger and interior distribution collector composition, the basket top of every was provided with the porous plate of gas, its bottom is supported by spherical Middle head, described spherical Middle head and outside cylindrical shell, inner cylindrical shell is connected to form sealing.
Grid basket ammonia synthesis converter described in the utility model, described in it, the outer sparger of basket and interior distribution collector surround by the grille strip of some equidistant layouts the inside and outside tubular cooperatively interacting respectively, vertical being arranged on the inside and outside gusset support retaining plate that has equidistant breach of grille strip of described some equidistant layouts, described inside and outside gusset supports retaining plate and is fixedly connected with spherical Middle head respectively.
Grid basket ammonia synthesis converter described in the utility model, multiple waveforms that described in it, outer sparger is made up of some grille strips form, and its periphery leans against on outside cylindrical shell, and described interior distribution collector forms round shape by some grille strips.
Grid basket ammonia synthesis converter described in the utility model, described in it, the cross section of grille strip is the ladder structure that top is wedge angle, in the outer part, in the inner part, the spacing between adjacent grid bar is less than 1mm to small end face to its large end face.
The utility model adopts grille strip to form outer sparger and interior distribution collector, meet the requirement of small-particle catalyst by the gap between control grille strip, therefore can effectively stop small-particle catalyst, simultaneously because it is axial gap structure, catalyst grains can not occur and fill in and stop the phenomenon by area, and overall construction intensity is high.Go for small-particle catalyst completely, be applicable to the device maximizing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the utility model China and foreign countries sparger.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of a waveform in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged view of multiple grille strips in Fig. 3.
Mark in figure: 1 is first, 2 is second, 3 is outer sparger, 4 is interior distribution collector, 5 is spherical Middle head, and 6 is outside cylindrical shell, and 7 is inner cylindrical shell, 8 is grille strip, 9 for inner reinforced plate supports retaining plate, and 10 is that outer gusset supports retaining plate, and 11 is porous plate, 12 is the 3rd, collection tube centered by 13.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail.
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, grid basket ammonia synthesis converter, described synthetic tower is vertical shaft radial flow three bed reactor structures, specifically comprise first 1, second bed 2 and the 3rd 12, between first 1 and second 2 catalyst bed, be respectively arranged with the first and second interchanger, utilize the heat preheating of reaction to enter the gas of synthetic tower reaction, thereby the temperature that simultaneously reduces the reaction gas by a upper bed reaction make every section all to reach optimal reaction temperature, the cylindrical shell that catalyst bed in every forms by outer sparger 3 and interior distribution collector 4 is formed for the basket of splendid attire catalyst, the basket top of every was provided with the porous plate 11 of gas, can pass through gas, avoid dead band, make full use of catalyst, its bottom is supported by spherical Middle head 5, described spherical Middle head 5 and outside cylindrical shell 6, inner cylindrical shell 7 is connected to form sealing, the outer sparger 3 of described basket and interior distribution collector 4 respectively by the grille strip 8 of some equidistant layouts surround cooperatively interact in, outer cylindrical, the grille strip 8 of described some equidistant layouts is vertical be arranged on have equidistant breach in, outer gusset supports retaining plate 9, on 10, in described, outer gusset supports retaining plate 9, 10 are fixedly connected with spherical Middle head 5 respectively.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, multiple waveforms that described outer sparger 3 is made up of some grille strips 8 form, its periphery leans against on outside cylindrical shell 6, described outer sparger is arranged on outer gusset and supports after in place on retaining plate and be welded and fixed, its top is fixing can upwards expansion not, in the time making the outer sparger of above-mentioned waveform, must not roll, must by being positioned at outer gusset, to support on retaining plate grille strip welding in place, welding adopts Laser Welding; Described interior distribution collector 4 forms round shape by some grille strips 8, and described interior distribution collector is arranged on inner reinforced plate and supports after in place on retaining plate and be welded and fixed; As shown in Figure 4, the cross section of described grille strip 8 is the ladder structure that top is wedge angle, its large end face in the outer part, small end face in the inner part, trapezoidal height is approximately 2 times of its large end width, spacing between adjacent grid bar 8 is less than 1mm, and to prevent that catalyst from leaking, concrete gap is by the requirement setting of catalyst grains.
Principle of work of the present utility model: reaction gas slave unit bottom enters, upwards flow through by the annular space between shell and basket cylindrical shell, enter successively the outside of first from the perforate at basket cylindrical shell top, from basket cylindrical shell, sparger enters bed after being uniformly distributed, gas radial flow is crossed bed, goes out bed and enter the shell side of interchanger between bed from inner distribution collector; The tube side that another gas feed slave unit top directly enters interchanger between the bed of second of basket is preheated the tube side that reduces by second reacted gas temperature simultaneously and upwards enter first interchanger, then with the reaction gas heat exchange of first.The reactant gases that goes out first enters again the outside of second, and gas is identical at first of the runner of second catalyst layer; The 3rd bed is without interchanger between bed, and the reactant gases that goes out second enters the outside of the 3rd, and ecto-entad radially, by after bed, is collected backward lower outflow synthetic tower by central collection tube 13.Wherein, the sparger being made up of grille strip, because its gap is little, can stop small-particle catalyst effectively, simultaneously because it is axial gap structure, catalyst grains can not occur and fill in and stop and the phenomenon by area go in large-scale plant completely.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any amendments of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. grid basket ammonia synthesis converter, it is characterized in that: described synthetic tower is vertical shaft radial flow three bed reactor structures, between first (1) and the catalyst bed of second (2), be respectively arranged with the first and second interchanger, catalyst bed in every is formed for the basket of splendid attire catalyst by the cylindrical shell of outer sparger (3) and interior distribution collector (4) composition, the basket top of every was provided with the porous plate (11) of gas, its bottom is supported by spherical Middle head (5), described spherical Middle head (5) and outside cylindrical shell (6), inner cylindrical shell (7) is connected to form sealing.
2. grid basket ammonia synthesis converter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer sparger (3) of described basket and interior distribution collector (4) surround by the grille strip (8) of some equidistant layouts the inside and outside tubular cooperatively interacting respectively, vertical being arranged on the inside and outside gusset support retaining plate (9,10) that has equidistant breach of grille strip (8) of described some equidistant layouts, described inside and outside gusset supports retaining plate (9,10) and is fixedly connected with spherical Middle head (5) respectively.
3. grid basket ammonia synthesis converter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: multiple waveforms that described outer sparger (3) is made up of some grille strips (8) form, it is upper that its periphery leans against outside cylindrical shell (6), and described interior distribution collector (4) forms round shape by some grille strips (8).
4. according to the grid basket ammonia synthesis converter described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the cross section of described grille strip (8) is the ladder structure that top is wedge angle, in the outer part, in the inner part, the spacing between adjacent grid bar (8) is less than 1mm to small end face to its large end face.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420096470.8U CN203754436U (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2014-03-05 | Ammonia synthetic tower with grille catalyst baskets |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420096470.8U CN203754436U (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2014-03-05 | Ammonia synthetic tower with grille catalyst baskets |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203754436U true CN203754436U (en) | 2014-08-06 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420096470.8U Expired - Lifetime CN203754436U (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2014-03-05 | Ammonia synthetic tower with grille catalyst baskets |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203754436U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112588207A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | Vertical radial flow reactor |
-
2014
- 2014-03-05 CN CN201420096470.8U patent/CN203754436U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112588207A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | Vertical radial flow reactor |
| CN112588207B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-09-16 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | Vertical radial flow reactor |
| CN115253924A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-11-01 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | Vertical radial flow reactor |
| CN115253924B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2023-06-16 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | Vertical radial flow reactor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20140806 |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |