CN203732638U - On-line measurement probe of insulator surface charge - Google Patents
On-line measurement probe of insulator surface charge Download PDFInfo
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- CN203732638U CN203732638U CN201420084954.0U CN201420084954U CN203732638U CN 203732638 U CN203732638 U CN 203732638U CN 201420084954 U CN201420084954 U CN 201420084954U CN 203732638 U CN203732638 U CN 203732638U
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- probe
- connector
- surface charge
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to an on-line measurement probe of an insulator surface charge. The probe comprises an SMA connector, a shielding element, a coaxial cable and an electrometer. The SMA connector is connected with the coaxial cable by the shielding element; and the coaxial cable is connected with the electrometer. The SMA connector is arranged at the shielding element and a fixed element is arranged at one side; and the SMA connector, the coaxial cable and an electrified capacitor form a loop. According to the scheme, the provided probe has the following beneficial effects: firstly, the leakage distance along the surface between the induction probe and the shielding cover is large and the distance can be adjusted according to demands; secondly, portions contacted with the induction probe mostly are the air, so that the capacitance of the capacitance probe itself can be reduced and the capacitance probe resolution ratio can be improved; and discharging time constant reduction caused by capacitance reduction can be compensated by increasing of leakage resistance along the surface; and thirdly, the structure is compact and the shielding performance is good; easy dismounting and probe installation can be realized; and gauges with different diameters can be used for measurement according to measurement demands.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of band electric detector, specifically relates to a kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe.
Background technology
Insulator in numerous high-power components such as X-ray tube, high power klystron, neutron beam diode, pulse power switch, particle accelerator and large-scale tip device generally uses in vacuum environment again, the edge flashing of insulator causes the phenomenon that product is damaged to happen occasionally, and in vacuum, the edge flashing phenomenon of insulator has restricted the electrical insulation properties of above-mentioned device and equipment, so due to reasons such as prior art electromagnetic interference (EMI) and vacuum seals, in on-line measurement vacuum, the charged situation of insulator is still inaccurate.The inventor finds through long-term observation, research, because above reason needs the equipment of CHARGE DISTRIBUTION situation in a kind of convenience, accurate Real-Time Monitoring insulator and method to judge the generation of insulator edge flashing phenomenon and to guarantee the said goods safe operation.
Utility model content
For the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe of the utility model, because the insulator in numerous high-power components such as X-ray tube, high power klystron, neutron beam diode, pulse power switch, particle accelerator and large-scale tip device is all applied in a vacuum, and in vacuum, the edge flashing phenomenon of insulator has restricted the electrical insulation properties of above-mentioned device and equipment.Therefore in vacuum, the distribution of the surface charge of insulator has been subject to showing great attention to, and in research, many scholars propose at present, and insulator edge flashing phenomenon is relevant with its surperficial surface charge properties.On-line measurement system in product in the past, it can only measure the charged situation of insulator surface in air, and can not directly measure in a vacuum surface Charge, causes measuring result error very large otherwise will affect vacuum tightness.The utility model creation object is studied exactly utility model one and is directly measured in a vacuum surface Charge probe, and accuracy of measurement is very high, thereby can study more easily insulator surface flashover characteristics.
The purpose of this utility model is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
A kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe, its improvements are, described probe comprises sub-miniature A connector, shielding part, concentric cable and electrometer;
Described sub-miniature A connector is connected with concentric cable by shielding part;
Described shielding part comprises drum type corrosion resistant plate and square corrosion resistant plate;
Between described shielding part, be fixedly connected with threaded hole by inlaying to connect;
Described concentric cable connects electrometer;
Described sub-miniature A connector is positioned on described shielding part and a side is provided with fixture; Described sub-miniature A connector and concentric cable and charged electric capacity form loop.
Preferably, described sub-miniature A connector is antenna terminal, and it comprises inner threaded, the anti-level of the SMA property male of contact-carrying.
Preferably, described shielding part is made after adopting stainless steel processing, and precision machining is to 1mm.
Preferably, it is RG-58A/U that described concentric cable adopts model, and diameter is 5 millimeters, and characteristic impedance is the thin coaxial cable of 50 ohm.
Preferably, welding bnc connector plug of described concentric cable is connected with electrometer, other end welding sub-miniature A connector.
Preferably, the range ability of described electrometer voltage measurement is 2V～200V, and resolution is 10 μ V～10 × 10 μ V, and can survey electric current is 1 × 10
-16a～1 × 10
-15a.
Preferably, described sub-miniature A connector and tested charged electric capacity form the high-voltage capacitance C of voltage divider
2; Form low-pressure side capacitor C by concentric cable transmission voltage signal and with electrometer
1; The tested charged charging capacitor C that is equivalent to
3.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
In engineering application, especially in service at high voltage direct current GIS, disc insulator surface charges is gathered with conductive particle existence can change insulator surface Electric Field Distribution, cause edge flashing phenomenon to occur, the safe operation of serious harm GIS, measure by the utility model the safe condition that the method for surface Charge can Efficient Evaluation GIS, most important to GIS safe operation.
The external normal probe body electric capacity that increases.But after electric capacity increases, the Voltage-output that the static charge of equivalent produces will diminish, i.e. the decrease resolution of capacitance probe.And probe output voltage reduce to make the Voltage-output that preposition amplifier bias current causes to become very large to the impact of test result, even make measure cannot carry out.The utility model probe: 1, large along face leakage distance between inductive probe and radome, and can adjust on demand; 2, the major part contacting with inductive probe is air, can reduce the electric capacity of capacitance probe self, improve the resolution of capacitance probe, and the discharge time constant that can be reduced to cause by the increase building-out capacitor along face bleeder resistance diminishes; 3, compact conformation, advantages of good shielding performance, and the installation of easily dismantling and popping one's head in, and can measure with the wire gauge of different-diameter according to the needs of measuring.
For ensureing the characteristic of electrostatic charge probe measurement system and preventing from, between electrostatic charge probe end and measured surface, electrostatic breakdown accident occurs, the utility model has adopted following mode to carry out verification to measuring system.With a metallic conductor replacement measured surface, make the DC voltage (U of different sizes on metallic conductor band
1), electrostatic charge probe is positioned at apart from a distance, metallic conductor surface, with the output voltage of electrometer measurement of electrostatic charge-measuring system.By the size of the output voltage of relatively popping one's head in, just can obtain actual measurement sensitivity and the linear characteristic of measuring system in different DC voltage situations.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model.
A kind of surface Charge on-line measurement sonde configuration schematic diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the utility model.
A kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe equivalent circuit diagram that Fig. 3 provides for the utility model.
The relation curve of the electrostatic charge measuring system input and output that Fig. 4 surveys for a kind of surface Charge on-line measurement that the utility model provides.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.
The utility model adopts static capacity probe method, and static is popped one's head in without vibrating device, so whole sonde configuration is simple, can survey some cannot use dynamic condenser to pop one's head in occasion because insulator surface is complex-shaped.
As shown in Figure 1, be the basic structure of the utility model capacitance probe, 1 is sub-miniature A connector, and 2～5 is shielding part, and 6 is concentric cable.
Concrete parts introduction:
1) adopt standard SMA(Sub-Miniature-A) joint, this joint generally in circuit for input and output signal, also be a kind of typical microwave high-frequency connector simultaneously, it uses highest frequency is 18GHz, what in the utility model, use is the anti-level of SMA property male, is exactly antenna terminal, is inner threaded, the inside is contact (sectional area is 0.42 square millimeter), and it and tested electric charge form capacitor C
2, be convenient to measure.
2) shielding part: in Fig. 1,2-5 is shielding part, makes after the processing of employing stainless steel, and precision machining is to 1mm, and parts 5 are a drum type stainless steel, and in Fig. 1,5 are fixedly connected with by threaded hole with parts 4, play the effect of fixed mask concentric cable; Parts 4 are a square corrosion resistant plate, and its right side has groove to inlay and be connected with parts 3; Parts 3 are a drum type stainless steel, in fixing and parts 4 grooves; Parts 2 are opened the drum type stainless steel of threaded hole for top, make the SMA can be smoothly by connecting.
3) concentric cable: because this covering device volume is smaller, if with thicker concentric cable, be difficult in inner space bending, so employing model is RG-58A/U, diameter is 5 millimeters, characteristic impedance is the thin coaxial cable of 50 ohm, and the resistance sum of the resistance of the center conductor of cable and screen layer is no more than 10 milliohm/rice (measuring at 20 DEG C).Welding bnc connector plug of concentric cable is connected with electrometer, and other end welding sub-miniature A connector, plays the effect of transmission voltage signal: the two ends that are arranged on cablet section.
4) electrometer: enough high in order to ensure the input impedance of surveying instrument, output voltage surveying instrument is selected 6514 type electrometers of Keithley company of the U.S..Input impedance when this apparatus measures voltage is greater than 2 × 10
14Ω, the range ability of voltage measurement is 2V～200V, and resolution is 10 μ V～10 × 10 μ V, and it is 1 × 10 that I is surveyed electric current
-16a～1 × 10
-15a.
The utility model can be measured by following realization:
1) first check whether whole device all parts connects reliable, check whether whether SMA probe intact at correct position and concentric cable.
2) while test, SMA probe is moved on to measured object appropriate location.
3) by changing trial voltage U
1can draw U according to Related Computational Methods
2, concrete calculation procedure is:
1, measuring sonde and measured surface electric charge form the high-voltage capacitance C of voltage divider
2;
2, regulate input voltage U
1and record output U
2;
3, computer recording U
1and U
2variation relation curve;
4, pass through C
1for 113pF, by formula
calculate C
2;
5, by C
2calculate capacitor equivalent area A according to electric capacity computing formula;
6, by formula S=C
1/ A, calculates sensitivity S;
7, by formula σ=SU
2calculate electric density.
Wherein, sub-miniature A connector is connected with concentric cable by shielding part, and shielding part reaches shielding action by securing member, and concentric cable connects electrometer, output voltage can be passed to electrometer and facilitate reading.Sub-miniature A connector and concentric cable and charged electric capacity form electric loop.
Wherein, SMA is for forming capacitor C with tested electric charge
2; Shielding part is used for reaching shield effectiveness, reduces outside electromagnetic interference; Concentric cable forms capacitor C for transmission voltage signal and with electrometer
1; Electrometer is for forming capacitor C with concentric cable
1and measurement output voltage signal.
The probe diameter of the utility model actual measurement electrostatic charge probe is 0.732mm, according to formula
it is 0.269 μ C/(m2mV that the I of this measuring system is surveyed electric density), spatial resolution is less than 1.5mm2.
Electrostatic charge probe is actual is a capacitive voltage divider.Electric capacity between end and the tested powered surfaces of probe forms the high-voltage capacitance C of voltage divider
2, low-pressure side capacitor C
1input capacitance and lead capacitance by measurement instrument form.Tested powered surfaces can be equivalent to a capacitor C of having charged
3.
As shown in Figure 2, if C
1very large (the μ F order of magnitude), capacitance probe current potential, close to zero, is equivalent to ground connection, and now static capacity probe is called electric charge probe;
If C
1very little (the pF order of magnitude), probe suspends, and capacitance probe is now called floating potential probe.
As shown in Figure 3, C in Fig. 2
1for the entrance capacitance sum of static probe and measurement circuit; C
2for the equivalent capacity between static probe sensitive surface and measured surface electric charge; C
3for insulator surface is with respect to the equivalent capacity on ground; U
1the voltage of insulator surface; U
2it is the measuring voltage of probe.Can be obtained by equivalent circuit diagram.
Wherein A is the area of probe, can be obtained fom the above equation:
In formula, S is the sensitivity of probe:
C
1> > C
2, C
2> > C
3so:
Can obtain output voltage U 2 by Fig. 2 with the pass of U1 is:
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is that vacuum tightness is 1 × 10 in vacuum chamber
-3in the situation of Pa, the relation curve of the electrostatic charge measuring system input and output that 2.0mm place, electrostatic charge probe distance measured conductor surface is surveyed.
Can find from Fig. 4, the Linear-phase characteristic of this charge-measuring system is fine, its input voltage (surface potential U
1) and output (electrostatic charge probe output voltage U
2) pass be: U
2=65U
1-33;
According to formula
can obtain C
2/ (C
1+ C
2) be 65 × 10
-6, known C
1for 113pF, can obtain thus C
2be 7.345 × 10-15F, thereby the equivalent area that further calculates (1) electrostatic charge probe is 1.66mm
2, diameter is 1.454mm.Pass between its output voltage (unit is mV) and surface charge density is:
σ＝0.068（U
2＋33）（μC/m
2）。
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that the technical solution of the utility model is not intended to limit, although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement embodiment of the present utility model, and do not depart from any amendment of the utility model spirit and scope or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. a surface Charge on-line measurement probe, is characterized in that, described probe comprises sub-miniature A connector, shielding part, concentric cable and electrometer;
Described sub-miniature A connector is connected with concentric cable by shielding part;
Described shielding part comprises drum type corrosion resistant plate and square corrosion resistant plate;
Between described shielding part, be fixedly connected with threaded hole by inlaying to connect;
Described concentric cable connects electrometer;
Described sub-miniature A connector is positioned on described shielding part and a side is provided with fixture; Described sub-miniature A connector and concentric cable and charged electric capacity form loop.
2. a kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described sub-miniature A connector is antenna terminal, and it comprises inner threaded, the anti-level of the SMA property male of contact-carrying.
3. a kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described shielding part is made after adopting stainless steel processing, and precision machining is to 1mm.
4. a kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, it is RG-58A/U that described concentric cable adopts model, and diameter is 5 millimeters, and characteristic impedance is the thin coaxial cable of 50 ohm.
5. a kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, welding bnc connector plug of described concentric cable is connected with electrometer, other end welding sub-miniature A connector.
6. a kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the range ability of described electrometer voltage measurement is 2V～200V, and resolution is 10 μ V～10 × 10 μ V, and can survey electric current is 1 × 10
-16a～1 × 10
-15a.
7. a kind of surface Charge on-line measurement probe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described sub-miniature A connector and tested charged electric capacity form the high-voltage capacitance C of voltage divider
2; Form low-pressure side capacitor C by concentric cable transmission voltage signal and with electrometer
1; The tested charged charging capacitor C that is equivalent to
3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420084954.0U CN203732638U (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2014-02-27 | On-line measurement probe of insulator surface charge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420084954.0U CN203732638U (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2014-02-27 | On-line measurement probe of insulator surface charge |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203732638U true CN203732638U (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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ID=51202700
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420084954.0U Expired - Lifetime CN203732638U (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2014-02-27 | On-line measurement probe of insulator surface charge |
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|---|---|
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103837753A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-04 | 国家电网公司 | Insulator surface electric charge online measuring probe and measuring method thereof |
| CN105911374A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-31 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Insulator Surface Charge Measurement Experimental Device |
| US11199438B2 (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-12-14 | Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. | Triboelectric-based cable sensors |
| CN114264892A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-04-01 | 厦门理工学院 | Online charge distribution measuring device and method for high-voltage direct-current cable and accessories thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-02-27 CN CN201420084954.0U patent/CN203732638U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103837753A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-04 | 国家电网公司 | Insulator surface electric charge online measuring probe and measuring method thereof |
| CN105911374A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-31 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Insulator Surface Charge Measurement Experimental Device |
| CN105911374B (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2018-09-18 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Insulator Surface Charge Measurement Experimental Device |
| US11199438B2 (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-12-14 | Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. | Triboelectric-based cable sensors |
| CN114264892A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-04-01 | 厦门理工学院 | Online charge distribution measuring device and method for high-voltage direct-current cable and accessories thereof |
| CN114264892B (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2023-11-07 | 厦门理工学院 | On-line charge distribution measuring device and method for high-voltage direct-current cable and accessories thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20140723 |