CN203703959U - Cement kiln local oxygen-enriched combustor - Google Patents
Cement kiln local oxygen-enriched combustor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203703959U CN203703959U CN201420006145.8U CN201420006145U CN203703959U CN 203703959 U CN203703959 U CN 203703959U CN 201420006145 U CN201420006145 U CN 201420006145U CN 203703959 U CN203703959 U CN 203703959U
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- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- nozzle
- enriched
- burner
- enriched air
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011426 transformation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a cement kiln local oxygen-enriched combustor. An oxygen-enriched air channel is arranged outside a combustor axial-flow air channel, and nozzles are disposed at an outlet of the oxygen-enriched air channel. The nozzles are distributed below the outer circumference of axial-flow air nozzles and are close to clinker, so that the local concentration oxygen of a contact side between the lower portion of the combustor and the oxygen-enriched air channel is increased and the combustion speed of fuel is increased to directly lead to local heat aggregation. With the progress of oxygen diffusion, heat transfer and heat radiation, adjacent fuel starts combusting, therefore, the temperature of a contact side between rotary kiln clinker or similar matters and the oxygen-enriched air channel obviously rises to cope with raw material quality fluctuation caused by ingredients. In addition, a central angle corresponding to a distribution area of the nozzles in a circumferential direction is set to be smaller than or equal to 270 degrees and can fully cover an area between fuel and cement clinker or similar matters that rotate along with a rotary kiln, such that oxygen-enriched air is guaranteed to be utilized precisely and saved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of industrial burner of producing cement or analog, particularly utilizes the oxygen-enriched burner of inferior fuel or alternative fuel.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the continuous expansion of manufacture of cement scale and the atrophy in integral cement market, domestic cement production enterprise all energy has been produced from extensive style then focus on the production cost that how to improve clinker quality, reduce each process procedure, the discharge that reduces waste gas and dust comes up.
Cement rotary kiln kiln hood burner coal consumption occupies 30% ~ 50% of whole production line, and from manufacture of cement angle, the cost consumption of raw material (ore), fuel (being mainly coal dust), electricity is that the prime cost of clinker forms, and for part of cement factory, fuel cost even occupies the over half of grog cost.Therefore,, in the situation that not changing system Operation Conditions, using as much as possible inferior fuel with low cost has very big help for the cost of enterprise's reduction product.For this main energy consumption equipment of kiln hood burner, how to promote the stability of burner burning inferior coal and other low calorie fuels, raising has become a current puzzlement industry difficult problem to the adaptability of fuel quality variation.
Produce cement or analog burner used with rotary kiln, the principal element of impact calcining is a wind ratio of burner, coal dust spouting velocity, Exit to all routes wind speed, swirl strength, fuel type, grain fineness, burning atmosphere etc.For common coal burner, burning inferior coal defect is obvious, because the volatile matter content of colm is low, caloric value is low, content of ashes is large, grindability is poor, and when burning, the ignition distance of poor, the breeze airflow of flame holding extends, flame temperature is lower, the easy deflection of flame kernel, ignition smooth combustion difficulty, when misoperation, there will be serious coking phenomenon at burner head, cause having to frequently stopping kiln maintenance, reduced the quality of production and the production efficiency of enterprise.
For manufacturing enterprise, exist due to the restriction of coal mill production capacity thereby cannot improve by reducing fineness of pulverized coal the possibility of burning, so for burning of coal inferior, the structural change of burner is imperative.
In the combustion process of coal dust, the variation of oxygen concentration can have a huge impact coal dust firing, by increasing the concentration of oxygen, the ignition temperature of coal dust can decline, the burnout rate of the speed of combustion reaction, flame temperature, coal dust can get a promotion, especially for colm, according to experiment, the lifting of oxygen concentration is more remarkable for the facilitation of its after-flame.
The rotary kiln that utilizes existing is at present manufactured in the oxygen-enriched combusting technological transformation device of cement or analog, at the residing kiln hood of burner place, the oxygen-enriched air that the oxygen concentration that more frequently uses in the industry membrane separation process to separate is 23% ~ 30% carries out the mode of oxygen enrichment to wind.In the oxygen-enriched air of this part, nitrogen ratios accounts for 68% ~ 75% left and right, although more airborne nitrogen ratios decreases, but the gas of oxygen content 80% ~ 92% concentration of producing compared to VPSA oxygenerator, use the oxygen-enriched air produced of membrane separation process to carry out overall oxygen enrichment+time to a wind, first can cause in the tail gas of discharge containing N
2ratio is too high, and a large amount of heats are through N
2carry out rotary kiln, cause utilization efficiency of heat energy to reduce, second can cause the waste of oxygen, because be not that all sites all needs to carry out oxygen enrichment in rotary kiln.
According to external oxygen enrichment operating experience, original device is carried out to the oxygen enrichment technological transformation methods that adopt extra increase oxygen lance more, although adopt the method installation site, spray angle can be adjusted more neatly, but adopt the method to have obvious drawback: because oxygen lance directly inserts rotary kiln end, coal dust produces the high temperature much larger than 1300 DEG C under oxygen-enriched environment, and for oxygen lance, caliber is generally smaller, pile up comparatively difficulty of castable, and the castable life-span is difficult to be guaranteed, can only protect by modes such as additional thermal sleeves, may cause oxygen rifle average life on the low side, need the problems such as frequent replacing, in addition, burner is running stores for factory, and for changing each time different brands or the burner with brand different structure form, the position of oxygen lance need to be revised by factory, to reach optimum efficiency, has increased so undoubtedly the operation easier of factory.
If burner channel is not improved, and only to primary air fan outlet oxygenation or when axial wind passage is carried out to oxygen enrichment, can cause the waste of oxygen.The side that the calcination process of clinker or analog mainly approaches at burner and grog or analog is carried out, and according to existing combustion technology, does not need that side away from grog or analog on burner to carry out high concentration oxygen enrichment.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved:
For existing burner for inferior fuel, low calorie fuels adaptability is poor, burn-off rate is low, rotary kiln outlet CO concentration is higher, and the existing mode that burner is carried out to oxygen enrichment exists oxygen consumption large, utilization efficiency of heat energy is low, user bears problem with high costs, the utility model provides a kind of burner of setting up oxygen enrichment wind passage and nozzle, this burner has very strong adaptability for the variation of fuel quality, can in the production process of cement or analog, use inferior fuel, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing, steady production, the object reducing costs.
Technical scheme:
In order to overcome the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of cement kiln local oxygen-enriched burner, comprise torch oil gun pipe, air channel, center, one or more eddy flows air channel, one or more fuel channels, axial flow wind passage and torch oil gun, centre wind nozzle, eddy flow wind nozzle, fuel nozzle, axial flow wind nozzle, it is characterized in that: be provided with oxygen-enriched air passage outward and be provided with nozzle in oxygen-enriched air channel outlet at burner axial flow wind passage, arrangement of nozzles is in the bottom of axial flow wind nozzle outer circumference, approach grog, corresponding central angle≤270 °, nozzle distributed areas in a circumferential direction.
As the beneficial effects of the utility model, by oxygen-enriched air passage is set on burner, and in oxygen-enriched air channel outlet, rich-oxygen nozzle is set, burner bottom and oxygen-enriched air passage contact side oxygen local concentration are improved, the burning velocity of fuel can get a promotion, directly cause amount of localized heat to be assembled, along with diffusion and the heat of oxygen are transmitted, the carrying out of heat radiation process, adjacent fuel also takes fire, therefore rotary kiln clinker or analog and oxygen-enriched air passage contact side temperature obviously rise, and can tackle the raw meal quality fluctuation that batching is brought; Meanwhile, because utilization efficiency of heat energy promotes, the mark coal consumption of unit grog or analog declines to some extent, and in addition, higher calcining heat has also been brought the lifting of the output that grog burns till.Suppose the arrangement of nozzles of Local Symmetric structure between axial flow wind nozzle and fuel nozzle; can cause coal dust directly to contact with oxygen-enriched air; coal dust burns rapidly; temperature sharply rises; the axial flow wind of oxygen-enriched air passage outer ring is substituted by oxygen enrichment wind; lost original combustion-supporting effect, the generation speed of thermal NO x and volume all exceed the level of the utility model scheme simultaneously; In addition, by setting nozzle corresponding central angle≤270 °, distributed areas in a circumferential direction, this angular range can cover fuel completely and along with the region between clinker or the analog of rotary kiln rotation, guarantee that the use of oxygen-enriched air is accurate, saved.
Described nozzle is that Local Symmetric formula is arranged.As the beneficial effects of the utility model, by Local Symmetric structure nozzle is set in oxygen-enriched air channel outlet, save oxygen-enriched air consumption, because rotary kiln does not stop to rotate this work characteristics, from kiln hood toward kiln tail direction, clinker or analog are taken up by storeroom frictional force, and section is crescent and is distributed in the side in rotary kiln, part as shown in grog in Fig. 4 or analog 14, calcination reaction completes in this region.According to existing calcining technology, only need to provide oxygen rich gas near a side of grog or analog to burner, flame temperature be can effectively improve, thereby the temperature of reaction zone in rotary kiln, the carrying out of accelerated reaction process improved.Therefore do not need flame overall situation oxygen enrichment, in addition overall oxygen enrichment also can cause: 1. oxygen rich gas exists significant wastage, 2. too high away from grog or analog side local temperature, thus the series of problems such as kliner coating scaling loss and the kiln brick lost of life caused, and 3. thermal NO x output increases.
Described oxygen-enriched air passage is independent of other passage, and apparatus of oxygen supply is connected with oxygen-enriched air passage by pipeline.As the beneficial effects of the utility model, oxygen-enriched air passage is independent of other passage, apparatus of oxygen supply is connected with oxygen-enriched air passage by pipeline, avoid like this interference of gas in other passage, and can add oxygen-enriched air at assigned address, be convenient to accurate measurement control and enter the volume of the oxygen-enriched air of burner, thereby adjust easily one's intention as revealed in what one says speed, and then indirectly regulate the shape of flame by combustion process, improve the calcining effect of clinker or analog.
There is a spray angle scope in the nozzle of described oxygen-enriched air channel outlet setting, on nozzle face, taking single gas molecule position as datum mark, setting is passed through this datum mark and is positive direction perpendicular to burner end face direction, the spray angle of each corresponding gas molecule is limited at one taking this gas molecule position as summit, and cone angle is 120 ° dispersing in circular cone.In the scope of this cone angle, oxygen-enriched air fully contacts with fuel, and the burning of fuel is promoted, and the burnout rate of low heat value, inferior fuel is also improved.
Described nozzle is circular arc and arranges on burner end face.The nozzle that circular arc is arranged is guaranteed equidistant with axial flow wind can make the burning of burner and grog or analog contact jaw uniform and stable.
In described nozzle, single-nozzle end face is circular or closed circle annular not.Described oxygen-enriched air nozzle face form is during for the annular of closed circle not, the reinforcement of inner magnitude setting n >=1.Arranging of reinforcement ensured that oxygen-enriched air nozzle still has stable structure performance under hot environment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the optional end construction profile of one of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the oxygen-rich gas nozzle injection direction schematic diagram that the utility model is set up;
Fig. 4 is from kiln hood to kiln tail direction, the relative position figure of rotary kiln burner rich-oxygen nozzle;
Fig. 5 is a kind of preferred jet expansion end face form schematic diagram of the utility model.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the utility model provides a kind of oxygen-enriched burner, comprise torch oil gun pipe 1, air channel, center 2, one or more eddy flows air channel 3, one or more fuel channel 4, axial flow wind passage 5, centre wind nozzle 11, eddy flow wind nozzle 10, fuel nozzle 9, axial flow wind nozzle 8, outside burner axial flow wind passage 5, be provided with oxygen-enriched air passage 6(as Fig. 3,4,5) and be provided with nozzle 12 in 6 outlets of oxygen-enriched air passage.Igniter is lighted after torch oil gun, and fuel enters through fuel channel 4, air from air channel, center 2, eddy flow air channel 3, the nozzle ejection that axial flow airduct 5 exports enters rotary kiln, for the burning of fuel (coal dust) provides air; And by oxygen-enriched air passage is set on burner, low calorie fuels can be mixed with part oxygen-enriched air, improve burning situation.The ignition point of general coal dust, between 270 ~ 380 DEG C, changes according to the quality of coal, and such as brown coal ignition point is generally 280 DEG C of left and right, meager coal, lean coal etc. are all 370 DEG C of left and right.And after coal dust and oxygen-enriched air mixing, the ignition point of fuel is lowered, and also has shortening in varying degrees ignition time, in improving efficiency of combustion, promote the completing combustion of fuel.Set local oxygen-enriched air nozzle is ensureing fuel combustion simultaneously completely, has saved to the full extent the consumption of oxygen enrichment gas.
Oxygen-enriched air nozzle 12 end face structures and the corresponding central angle angle in region distributing are in a circumferential direction determined according to the kind that uses fuel.Nozzle 12 be arranged in axial flow wind nozzle 8 outer circumference bottom, approach grog, corresponding central angle≤270 °, nozzle 12 distributed areas in a circumferential direction.Described nozzle 12 is Local Symmetric formula layout.
Described oxygen-enriched air passage 6 is independent of other passage, and apparatus of oxygen supply is connected with oxygen-enriched air passage 6 by pipeline 7.The oxygen-enriched air oxygen concentration scope that apparatus of oxygen supply provides for oxygen-enriched burner is between 50% ~ 99.999%.
In the single oxygen-enriched air nozzle spray direction schematic diagram of setting up at the utility model shown in Fig. 3, by profile and the variable nozzle of size, oxygen-enriched air is spurted in flame with the unspecified angle within the scope of the spray angle of Fig. 3 signal, promote after touch the burning of fuel with fuel joint, promote the burnout rate of low heat value, inferior fuel.On burner end face, taking single gas molecule position as datum mark, setting is passed through this datum mark and is positive direction perpendicular to burner end face direction, the spray angle of each corresponding gas molecule is limited at one taking gas molecule position as summit, and cone angle is 120 ° dispersing in circular cone.
As a kind of improvement of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 3,4,5, oxygen-enriched air nozzle 12 arrangement forms are circular arc.
As a kind of preferred version of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 4, single oxygen-enriched air nozzle face is circular.End face is the circular oxygen-enriched air nozzle bottom that is circular arc and is arranged in axial flow wind nozzle 8 outer circumference, approaches grog or analog side, the main overlay area of the gas ejecting of oxygen-enriched air nozzle 12 be fuel and along with rotary kiln rotate grog or analog 14 between part, the oxygen that external apparatus of oxygen supply provides is by pipeline 7 and oxygen-enriched air passage 6, and the oxygen-enriched air nozzle 12 that is annulus through end face is spurted in rotary kiln.
Improve as of the present utility model another, as shown in Figure 5, oxygen-enriched air nozzle 12 end patterns are closed circle annular not.End face is that the oxygen-enriched air nozzle 12 of not closed circle annular is arranged in circumference bottom outside axial flow wind nozzle 8, approaches grog or analog side.For the oxygen-enriched air nozzle 12 that ensures this form has stable structure performance under hot environment, at the reinforcement 13 of the inner magnitude setting of oxygen-enriched air nozzle 12 n >=1, as shown in Figure 5.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not restricted to the utility model, for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in claim scope of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. the local oxygen-enriched burner of cement kiln, comprise torch oil gun pipe (1), air channel, center (2), one or more eddy flows air channel (3), one or more fuel channels (4), axial flow wind passage (5) and torch oil gun, centre wind nozzle (11), eddy flow wind nozzle (10), fuel nozzle (9), axial flow wind nozzle (8), it is characterized in that: outside burner axial flow wind passage (5), be provided with oxygen-enriched air passage (6) and be provided with nozzle (12) in oxygen-enriched air passage (6) outlet, nozzle (12) is arranged in the bottom of axial flow wind nozzle (8) outer circumference, approach grog, nozzle (12) corresponding central angle≤270 °, distributed areas in a circumferential direction.
2. the local oxygen-enriched burner of a kind of cement kiln according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described nozzle (12) is Local Symmetric formula layout.
3. the local oxygen-enriched burner of a kind of cement kiln according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described oxygen-enriched air passage (6) is independent of other passage, and apparatus of oxygen supply is connected with oxygen-enriched air passage (6) by pipeline (7).
4. the local oxygen-enriched burner of a kind of cement kiln according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the nozzle (12) that described oxygen-enriched air passage (6) outlet arranges exists a spray angle scope, on nozzle (12) end face, taking single gas molecule position as datum mark, setting is passed through this datum mark and is positive direction perpendicular to burner end face direction, the spray angle of each corresponding gas molecule is limited at one taking this gas molecule position as summit, and cone angle is 120 ° dispersing in circular cone.
5. the local oxygen-enriched burner of a kind of cement kiln according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described nozzle (12) is circular arc and arranges on burner end face.
6. the local oxygen-enriched burner of a kind of cement kiln according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that: in described nozzle (12), single-nozzle end face is circular or closed circle annular not.
7. the local oxygen-enriched burner of a kind of cement kiln according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described nozzle (12) end face when closed circle is not annular, the reinforcement (13) of inner magnitude setting n >=1.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201420006145.8U CN203703959U (en) | 2014-01-06 | 2014-01-06 | Cement kiln local oxygen-enriched combustor |
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CN201420006145.8U CN203703959U (en) | 2014-01-06 | 2014-01-06 | Cement kiln local oxygen-enriched combustor |
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CN201420006145.8U Expired - Fee Related CN203703959U (en) | 2014-01-06 | 2014-01-06 | Cement kiln local oxygen-enriched combustor |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103672886A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-03-26 | 南京凯盛国际工程有限公司 | Local oxygen-enriched combustor for cement kiln furnace |
CN105509049A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-speed injection and combustion device adapting to various fuels |
CN111306933A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-19 | 沈忠东 | Staged combustion method for saving coal and reducing nitrogen during combustion of rotary cement kiln |
-
2014
- 2014-01-06 CN CN201420006145.8U patent/CN203703959U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103672886A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-03-26 | 南京凯盛国际工程有限公司 | Local oxygen-enriched combustor for cement kiln furnace |
CN105509049A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-speed injection and combustion device adapting to various fuels |
CN111306933A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-19 | 沈忠东 | Staged combustion method for saving coal and reducing nitrogen during combustion of rotary cement kiln |
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C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
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Granted publication date: 20140709 |