Utility model content
For the problems referred to above, therefore the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of charging circuit, and this charging circuit carries out short-circuit protection by the mode of pure electric circuit inspection, carries out the instable problem of short-circuit protection to solve mechanical collision mode.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of charging circuit, comprises power supply, control unit, switch element, charging detecting unit, and charging electrode, control unit connects respectively charging detecting unit and switch element, and switch element also connects respectively power supply and charging electrode.
Preferably, switch element comprises P channel MOS tube and the first triode; The grid of P channel MOS tube is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, and the source electrode of P channel MOS tube connects power supply, and the drain electrode of P channel MOS tube connects charging electrode, connects the first resistance between the grid of P channel MOS tube and source electrode; The base stage of the first triode is connected with control unit by the second resistance, the grounded emitter of the first triode.
Preferably, charging detecting unit comprises detecting electrode and the second triode; Detecting electrode is connected with the base stage of the second triode; The collector electrode of the second triode is connected with control unit, and is connected to DC power supply by the 3rd resistance; The grounded emitter of the second triode.
Preferably, charging circuit also comprises smart machine, and smart machine comprises controller and battery management system, and controller connects respectively battery management system and detecting electrode.
For achieving the above object, the utility model also provides a kind of cradle, comprises above-mentioned any one charging circuit.
Preferably, the cross section of cradle is circular, and charging electrode is the annular electrode that is looped around cradle side surface.
Preferably, cradle also comprises at least one high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit, and high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit is connected with the control unit of charging circuit.
Preferably, high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit comprises the 3rd triode and at least one infrarede emitting diode; The 3rd base stage of triode and the control unit of charging circuit are connected; The collector electrode of the 3rd triode connects infrarede emitting diode, and is connected to DC power supply by the 4th resistance; The grounded emitter of the 3rd triode.
Preferably, cradle top has columnar projections, and infrarede emitting diode is arranged on the side surface of columnar projections.
Preferably, cradle comprises 6 high frequency-infrared line transmitter units, and 6 high frequency-infrared line transmitter units comprise 6 infrarede emitting diodes, and 6 infrarede emitting diodes are evenly arranged on the side surface of columnar projections.
Compared with prior art, the charging circuit that the utility model provides includes charging detecting unit, adopts the mode of pure electric circuit inspection to trigger the work of cradle charging circuit, realize short-circuit protection, only have in the time charging request having been detected, charging circuit is just connected, reliable and stable; The cradle that the utility model provides simultaneously comprises high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit, can realize the automatic location charging of external smart equipment by high frequency-infrared line transmitting reception technique, orientation distance is long, and can not be subject to the ultrared interference in sunlight, and it is more accurate to locate.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of charging circuit block diagram that the utility model embodiment provides, this charging circuit comprises power supply 11, switch element 12, control unit 13, charging detecting unit 14, charging electrode 15; Wherein, control unit 13 is connected with switch element 12, charging detecting unit 14 respectively, and switch element 12 is connected with power supply 11, charging electrode 15 respectively.
Be illustrated in figure 2 a kind of charging circuit block diagram that the utility model preferred embodiment provides, charging detecting unit 14 inclusion test electrodes 141, smart machine 30 charges by charging electrode 15 and detecting electrode 141 these charging circuits of access, smart machine 30 comprises controller and battery management system, and controller connects respectively battery management system and detecting electrode.In the utility model embodiment, smart machine 30 is robot.
Be charged as the short-circuit protection function of the above-mentioned charging circuit of example explanation below to robot with charging circuit; charging circuit detects the charging request of robot by charging detecting unit 14, and by control unit 13, the control of switch element 12 is realized to the charging to robot.
The switch element 12 of charging circuit initially disconnects, and now charging electrode 15 is in electroless state.As battery management system (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, english abbreviation BMS) detect when the electric weight of robot is not enough, controller starts to continue to send charging request signal, when robot by be arranged on body corresponding electrode respectively with the charging electrode 15 of charging circuit, after detecting electrode 141 touches, the controller of robot interior continues to send charging request signal to detecting electrode 141, charging detecting unit 14 is received the charging request signal passing over from detecting electrode 141, this charging request signal is sent to control unit 13, control unit 13 sends control signal according to the charging request signal receiving to switch element 12, make switch element 12 conductings, can charge to robot.
After battery management system detects and has charged, the controller of robot interior stops sending charging request signal, charging detecting unit 14 will can't detect charging request signal, stop subsequently transmitting charging request signal to control unit 13, control unit 13 correspondingly sends control signal to switch element 12, switch element 12 is disconnected, and charging electrode 15 recovers electroless state, stops robot charging.
As from the foregoing; in the time that robot does not access charging circuit and send charging request signal, charging electrode 15 is in electroless state, even now because external cause causes exposed charging electrode 15 short circuits; also can not exert an influence to charging circuit, can realize the short-circuit protection of charging circuit.
Be illustrated in figure 3 a kind of charging circuit circuit diagram that the utility model embodiment provides.In figure, switch element 12 comprises P channel MOS tube Q1 and triode Q2, wherein, contact resistance R1 between the source electrode of P channel MOS tube Q1 and grid, the drain electrode of Q1 connects the pin 1 of J1, and the source electrode of Q1 connects power supply 11, and the grid of Q1 connects the collector electrode of Q2; The base stage of triode Q2 is connected with control unit 13 by resistance R 2, the grounded emitter of Q2.
Control unit 13 is made up of main control chip STM32F103 and peripheral circuit thereof.
Charging detecting unit 14 comprises triode Q3, the collector electrode connection control unit 13 of Q3, and the collector electrode of Q3 is connected to DC power supply VDD33 by resistance R 3 simultaneously, and the base stage of Q3 connects the pin 3 of J1, the grounded emitter of Q3.
Pin 1 and the pin 2 of J1 are drawn charging electrode 15, pin 2 ground connection of J1, and the pin 3 of J1 is drawn detecting electrode 141.
Below the charging course of work of this circuit is elaborated:
In uncharged state, between the pin 1 of power supply 11 and J1, disconnect, so there is no voltage on charging electrode 15.When the electrode that robot draws by J2 is correspondingly connected to after the charging electrode 15 and detecting electrode 141 that JI draws, I/O of controller control of robot interior continues to send one and allows signal, i.e. Allow signal in figure, this Allow signal is sent to the pin 3 of J1 by the pin 3 of J2, Allow signal is a high level, this high level can make the triode Q3 conducting in charging detecting circuit 14, like this, the collector potential of Q3 can be changed to low level from high level, become 0V from 3.3V, in the time that control unit 13 detects the variation of level, will export immediately a high level and make its conducting to the base stage of triode Q2, the grid potential of the P channel MOS tube Q1 of the low next stage of triode Q2 conducting post-tensioning, thereby make P channel MOS tube Q1 conducting, power supply 11 is communicated with the pin 1 of J1, just can charge to robot thus.
After charging finishes, the controller of robot interior stops sending Allow signal, the collector potential of triode Q3 can recover high level, accordingly, control unit 13 is exported a low level to triode Q2, and P channel MOS tube Q1 will end like this, and power supply 11 disconnects again with the pin 1 of J1, charging electrode 15 recovers again electroless state, stops robot charging.
The charging circuit that the utility model provides includes charging detecting unit; adopt the mode of pure electric circuit inspection to trigger the work of cradle charging circuit; realize short-circuit protection; only have in the time charging request having been detected, charging circuit is just connected, even because external cause causes exposed charging electrode 15 short circuits; also can not exert an influence to charging circuit; reliable and stable, and circuit is simple, and cost is low.
Be illustrated in figure 4 a kind of cradle that the utility model embodiment provides, this cradle 21 comprises above-mentioned charging circuit.
The cross section of cradle 21 is circular, and the charging electrode 15 of charging circuit and detecting electrode 142 are for being looped around the annular electrode of cradle 21 side surfaces.
The setting of annular electrode, facilitates robot to charge from each orientation, is also convenient to multiple robots be charged simultaneously.
The another kind of cradle providing for the utility model embodiment as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, this cradle 21 also comprises at least one high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit 16 on the basis of Fig. 4, wherein, high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit 16 is connected with control unit 13, contain infrarede emitting diode 161, can externally launch high frequency-infrared line.
Cradle 21 top center axial location are provided with columnar projections 22, and infrarede emitting diode 161 is arranged on the side surface of columnar projections 22, and in the utility model embodiment, the cross section of columnar projections 22 is circular.
In order to realize the comprehensive covering of infrared ray, around the side surface of columnar projections 22,6 infrarede emitting diodes 161 are evenly set; In another case, columnar protrusions 22 can left rotation and right rotation, under this situation, in the time that being less than 6 infrarede emitting diodes 161, the setting of the side of columnar projections 22 also can realize comprehensive covering, if multiple infrarede emitting diodes 161 are set, infrarede emitting diode 161 uniform ring are around the side that is arranged on columnar projections.
Increase after high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit 16, charge in conjunction with the automatic location that is arranged on infrared receiver in robot and can realizes robot.
In order to guarantee the accuracy of robot positioning charging block, prevent from being subject to the infrared ray in sunlight to disturb or be subject to distance limit, cradle 21 is by high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit 16 infrared ray that outwards transmission carrier frequency is 38KHZ regularly, so just can not affect location because of the ultrared interference in sunlight, the ultrared receiving range of this high frequency can reach 10 meters simultaneously, considerably beyond common ultrared receiving range.
The infrared receiver being arranged on robot body comprises left infrared receiver and right infrared receiver, the centre position of left and right sides infrared receiver is provided with a baffle plate and isolates infrared signal, can not be received by the right infrared receiver on the right so that the baffle plate left side passes the infrared signal of coming, baffle plate the right passes the infrared signal of coming and also can not be received by the left infrared receiver on the left side.
The infrared remote receiver being arranged on robot body can receive the infrared signal that fixed carrier frequency is 38KHZ, infrared signal outside this frequency will not respond without exception, in the time receiving carrier frequency and be the infrared signal of 38KHZ, infrared receiver can be exported a low level signal, and the controller of robot judges according to this signal.
The ultrared carrier frequency that cradle 21 is launched can be also 36KHZ or 40KHZ or 56KHZ etc., and accordingly, the infrared receiver of installing on robot body receives only the infrared signal that fixed carrier frequency is 36KHZ, 40KHZ, 56KHZ.
Below the detailed process of robot positioning charging block 21 is described as follows:
As battery management system (the BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM of robot interior, english abbreviation BMS) detect when battery electric quantity is not enough, robot starts to find cradle, first the controller of robot can check the infrared signal whether infrared receiver has the high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit 16 that receives cradle 21 to launch, if infrared receiver does not receive infrared signal, can judge that cradle 21 is not near robot.In the case, robot can under the driving of removable drive, mobile detection cradle 21 sends in a different manner infrared signal, in mobile, detect front with barrier detector and whether have barrier, in the time detecting barrier or go to certain nominal distance, just turn to again and move with random angle, continue the infrared signal that detecting cradle 21 sends, constantly expand hunting zone, until detect the infrared signal that cradle 21 sends.
When robot detects after the infrared signal that cradle 21 sends, the controller of robot first judges whether left and right infrared receiver all receives infrared signal, whether the direction that can determine accordingly robot faces cradle 21, if controller judges left and right infrared receiver and all receive infrared signal, controller control moves linearly forward and further approaches cradle 21.
When robot detects after the infrared signal that cradle 21 sends, when but the controller of robot is judged left and right infrared receiver and is not received infrared signal simultaneously, if controller judgement only has left infrared receiver to receive infrared signal, controller control, to anticlockwise until right infrared receiver also can receive infrared signal, can determine that the direction of robot faces cradle accordingly; If controller judgement only has right infrared receiver to receive infrared signal, controller control, to right rotation until left infrared receiver also can receive infrared signal, can determine that the direction of robot faces cradle accordingly; Correct by direction, determine that the direction of robot faces after cradle, controller control moves linearly forward and approaches cradle 21.
In rectilinear movement process forward, because the factor Hui Ling robots such as environment wander off, controller control must carry out following detection and action constantly revises navigation channel and makes the annular electrode of the electrode energy contact charging seat 21 of robot.Method is: if controller judgement only has left infrared receiver to receive infrared signal, controller control is to anticlockwise until right infrared receiver also can receive infrared signal; If controller judgement only has right infrared receiver to receive infrared signal, controller control is to right rotation until left infrared receiver also can receive infrared signal; If controller judges left and right infrared receiver and all receives infrared signal, controller control further forward rectilinear movement until electrode can touch the annular electrode of cradle 21.
Controller judges that the electrode of robot has touched after the annular electrode of cradle 21, and controller control stops mobile, and cradle 21 starts robot to charge according to the charging request of robot subsequently.
Between cradle 21 and robot, locate by the infrared ray transmitter and receiver technology that adopts high frequency, can realize the automatic location charging of robot, orientation distance is long, and can not be subject to the ultrared interference in sunlight, and it is more accurate to locate.
Be illustrated in figure 7 the physical circuit figure of a kind of high frequency-infrared line transmitter unit that the utility model embodiment provides.
Have as shown the structure of 16,6 infra-red ray transmitting unit 16 of 6 infra-red ray transmitting unit identical, infra-red ray transmitting unit 16 is all connected with control unit 13.
Take one of them infra-red ray transmitting unit 16 as example, infra-red ray transmitting unit 16 comprises NPN type triode Q4 and pull-up resistor R4, and infrarede emitting diode LED1, the base stage of Q4 is connected with control unit 13, the collector electrode of Q4 connects LED1, collector electrode is connected to DC power supply VDD33 by resistance R 4 simultaneously, the grounded emitter of Q4.Other 5 groups of infra-red ray transmitting unit corresponding NPN type triode Q5 – Q8 respectively, pull-up resistor R5 – R8, infrarede emitting diode LED2 – LED6.Also can only have an infra-red ray transmitting unit 16, on the collector electrode of Q4, connect multiple infrarede emitting diodes.
Can realize by above-mentioned infra-red ray transmitting unit the ultrared transmitting that carrier frequency is 38KHZ, implementation method is as follows:
As shown in Figure 7, control unit 13 is controlled 6 groups of infra-red ray transmitting unit by 6 I/O respectively.Take the infra-red ray transmitting unit at NPN type triode Q4 place as example, in the time that I/O is low level, NPN type triode Q4 is in cut-off state, collector potential is 5V high level, in the time that the level of I/O is high level, this NPN type triode Q4 conducting, collector potential becomes low level from high level, so one-period is a pulse, in the time that control I/O changes with the frequency height of 38KHZ, just can drive the infrared ray that infrarede emitting diode LED1 transmission carrier frequency be 38KHZ by the collector electrode of NPN type triode Q4.
In the time that control I/O changes with the frequency height of 36KHZ or 40KHZ or 56KHZ, correspondingly can obtain carrier frequency is 36KHZ or 40KHZ or 56KHZ infrared ray.
Adopt the infrared ray transmitter and receiver technology of high frequency to locate, orientation distance is long, and can not be subject to the ultrared interference in sunlight, and it is more accurate to locate.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not in order to limit the utility model, all any modifications within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection range of the present utility model.