CN203688799U - Apparatus for detecting barriers in visual blind area for bus - Google Patents
Apparatus for detecting barriers in visual blind area for bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN203688799U CN203688799U CN201320828519.XU CN201320828519U CN203688799U CN 203688799 U CN203688799 U CN 203688799U CN 201320828519 U CN201320828519 U CN 201320828519U CN 203688799 U CN203688799 U CN 203688799U
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- triode
- motorbus
- ultrasonic sensor
- voltage comparator
- dead zone
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of bus barrier detection, and discloses an apparatus for detecting barriers in visual blind areas for a bus. At least one ultrasonic sensor is arranged on the front and rear ends of the bus, each ultrasonic sensor facing the outer side of the bus body. The signal output end of each ultrasonic sensor is provided with a corresponding supersonic signal processing circuit, and each supersonic signal processing circuit comprises a voltage comparator, a triode and an acoustic alarm. In each supersonic signal processing circuit, the in-phase input terminal of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with signal output terminal of the corresponding ultrasonic sensor, and the output terminal of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the base electrode of the triode. The emitter electrode of the triode is grounded, and the collector electrode of the triode is electrically connected to a dc source after serially connected with the acoustic alarm.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to motorbus detection of obstacles technical field, particularly a kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector.
Background technology
There is huge vehicle body at current motorbus, for example, common motorbus has 9 meters long, 2.5 meters high, air-conditioned coach has 11 meters long, 2.8 meters high, like this, can cause vision dead zone to driver, left side (when especially vehicle turns left), dead astern and the front 1m of car that a large amount of drivers react bus are vision dead zones with the place of interior (to the children of the not enough 1.3m of height), these blind areas can cause driver not observe the situation of motorbus periphery, thereby cause the generation that rolls the accident such as pedestrian or electric motor car, bicycle.
The rearview mirror in motorbus front can help driver to see vehicle body both sides road conditions around, but rearview mirror be can't see the road conditions in rear view of vehicle and front.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector.Near the situation that this motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector can avoid pedestrian or electric motor car, bicycle etc. motorbus to be rolled occurs.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, the utility model adopts following technical scheme to be achieved.
A kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector, respectively arranges at least one ultrasonic sensor in the front-end and back-end of described motorbus, and each ultrasonic sensor is towards motorbus vehicle body outside;
The signal output part of described each ultrasonic sensor is provided with a corresponding ultrasonic signal treatment circuit, described each ultrasonic signal treatment circuit comprises voltage comparator, triode and voice guard, in each ultrasonic signal treatment circuit, the in-phase input end of described voltage comparator is electrically connected the signal output part of corresponding ultrasonic sensor, the base stage of the output terminal electrical connection triode of described voltage comparator; The grounded emitter of described triode, the collector of described triode is electrically connected direct supply after serial connection voice guard.
Feature of the present utility model and further improvement are:
Described ultrasonic sensor is T/R-40 serial universal ultrasound wave transmitting/receiving sensor, and described voltage comparator is LT311 type voltage comparator.
Outer left side and outside right side at described motorbus respectively arrange at least one ultrasonic sensor.
Described a kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector, also comprises the power module for direct supply is provided to each ultrasonic sensor, each ultrasonic signal treatment circuit.
Described voice guard is fixed on driver's operation bench.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: motorbus of the present utility model vision dead zone obstacle detector can detect all road conditions of vehicle periphery as far as possible all sidedly, and realize in real time and detecting, and reduce better the generation of the accident that rolls.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of a kind of motorbus of the present utility model vision dead zone obstacle detector;
Fig. 2 is the ultrasonic sensor transmitting terminal electrical block diagram of a kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the ultrasonic sensor receiving terminal circuit structural representation of a kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the ultrasonic signal treatment circuit schematic diagram of a kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector of the utility model embodiment;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail:
With reference to Fig. 1, it is the electrical block diagram of a kind of motorbus of the present utility model vision dead zone obstacle detector.Front end, rear end, outer left side and outside right side at motorbus respectively arrange at least one ultrasonic sensor, and ultrasonic sensor is for detecting obstacles thing.The number of the ultrasonic sensor arranging can arrange according to the body dimensions of motorbus, for example, is fixed with the first ultrasonic sensor, is fixed with the second ultrasonic sensor in the rear end of motorbus at the front end of motorbus; Wherein, the first ultrasonic sensor is positioned on the longitudinal centre line of front end face of motorbus, and its height is overhead between 1 meter to 1.5 meters; The second ultrasonic sensor is positioned on the longitudinal centre line of motorbus rear end face, and its height is overhead between 1 meter to 1.5 meters.Outer left side and outside right side at motorbus are respectively provided with 3 ultrasonic sensors, wherein, be positioned at 3 ultrasonic sensors of outer left side of motorbus in same level height (height is overhead between 1 meter to 1.5 meters), and be laterally evenly arranged on the outer left side of motorbus; Be positioned at 3 ultrasonic sensors on outside right side of motorbus in same level height (height is overhead between 1 meter to 1.5 meters), and be laterally evenly arranged on the outside right side of motorbus.Each ultrasound wave comprises a transmitting terminal (for outwards launching ultrasound wave), a receiving end (for receiving the ultrasound wave reflecting).In the utility model embodiment, the receiving end of each ultrasonic sensor and transmitting terminal are towards motorbus vehicle body outside.
In the utility model embodiment, each ultrasonic sensor adopts T/R-40 serial universal ultrasound wave transmitting/receiving sensor, and it is made up of transmitting terminal (or claiming ripple transmitter), receiving end (or claiming ripple receiver) and control section.If the piezoelectric ceramic piece that is 40KHz to transmitting terminal interior resonance frequency (twin crystal oscillator) applies 40KHz HF voltage, piezoelectric ceramic piece just extends according to added high frequency polarity of voltage and shortens, so send the ultrasound wave of 40KHz frequency, its ultrasound wave is propagated (density degree can be modulated by control circuit) with density form, returns to receiving end after running into barrier.Receiving end is the principle of utilizing the piezoelectric effect that pressure transducer adopts, on piezoelectric element, exerts pressure, and makes piezoelectric element generation strain, and producing one side is "+" utmost point, and another side is the 40KHz sinusoidal signal of "-" utmost point.This sinusoidal signal, through amplifying after processing, is outwards exported through the signal output part of ultrasonic sensor.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, be provided with a corresponding ultrasonic signal treatment circuit at the signal output part of each ultrasonic sensor, each ultrasonic signal treatment circuit comprises voltage comparator, triode and voice guard, in each ultrasonic signal treatment circuit, the signal output part that the in-phase input end of voltage comparator is electrically connected corresponding ultrasonic sensor (refers to ultrasound wave, the inverting input of voltage comparator is used for accessing reference voltage signal, the base stage of the output terminal electrical connection triode of voltage comparator.The amplitude of reference voltage signal is setting value, and for example, in the time that barrier is positioned at front 1 meter of of ultrasonic sensor, ultrasonic sensor signal output part is the magnitude of voltage of the sinusoidal signal of output outwards.In the utility model embodiment, voltage comparator adopts LT311 type voltage comparator, this voltage comparator is for the magnitude of voltage of the voltage magnitude of comparison reference voltage signal and the sinusoidal signal of ultrasonic sensor signal output part output, and for according to comparative result, outwards export corresponding low and high level signal.In the time that the input voltage of the in-phase input end of voltage comparator is greater than the input voltage of inverting input, the output terminal output high level signal of voltage comparator; Otherwise,, the output terminal output low level signal of voltage comparator.
The aerial velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave is v, and according to transmitting ultrasound wave and the hyperacoustic mistiming △ t of reception, just can calculate the distance S of launching site apart from barrier, that is: S=v △ t/2, known according to analyzing: mistiming △ t and S in above formula are closely related, sound wave amplitude can reduce along with the increase of S simultaneously, energy reduces thereupon, because ultrasonic sensor can utilize piezoelectric effect, the mechanical vibration that act on above it are converted to corresponding electric signal again, play the effect of energy conversion, when v and S mono-timing, ultrasonic sensor can be exported the voltage signal of amplitude and specific, the amplitude of this voltage signal is exactly the amplitude (S is 1 meter) of voltage comparator inverting input reference voltage.Reference voltage signal can directly generate through divider resistance dividing potential drop.In addition, according to above-mentioned principle, in the time that barrier is less than 1 meter to the distance of ultrasonic sensor, the amplitude of the output voltage of ultrasonic sensor signal output part is greater than the amplitude of reference voltage, the output terminal output high level signal of voltage comparator; Otherwise, the output terminal output low level signal of voltage comparator.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the grounded emitter of triode, the collector of triode is electrically connected direct supply after serial connection voice guard.Triode is NPN triode.Triode plays the effect of a switch, and in the time that the signal of voltage comparator output is low level signal, base current is 0, and transistor collector electric current is 0, and now, triode is in cut-off state, and voice guard is not worked; In the time that the signal of voltage comparator output is high level signal, base current is larger, to such an extent as to triode is saturated, and at this moment, voice guard is switched on, the alarm signal of can sounding.Voice guard is positioned on driver's operation bench and (is for example positioned on panel board), is convenient to driver and hears audible alarm, and in the utility model embodiment, audible alarm adopts voice alarm device.
In the utility model embodiment, also comprise the power module (for example using car battery) for direct supply is provided to each ultrasonic sensor, each ultrasonic signal treatment circuit.Power end at ultrasonic sensor transmitting terminal is provided with hand push button, and this hand push button is positioned on pilothouse operation bench and (is for example positioned on panel board).Like this, driver can judge whether to open this motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector (realizing by pressing hand push button) according to road conditions.
A specific embodiment of the present utility model below:
With reference to Fig. 2, it is the ultrasonic sensor transmitting terminal electrical block diagram of a kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector of the utility model embodiment.In this ultrasonic sensor transmitting terminal circuit, the positive pole of direct supply U is in parallel with the first capacitor C 1 after serial connection hand push button S, the positive pole of direct supply U is electrically connected the common node of one end of the first divider resistance R1 and one end of the second divider resistance R2 after serial connection hand push button S, the negative electricity of direct supply U connects the emitter of the first triode VT1, the common node of the anode of the emitter of the second triode VT2 and the first voltage stabilizing diode VD1, one end of T-40-16 ultrasonic transducer is electrically connected the common node of the negative electrode of the first voltage stabilizing diode VD1 and the base stage of the first triode VT1, the other end of T-40-16 ultrasonic transducer is electrically connected the other end of the second divider resistance R2, and the common node of the collector of the second triode VT2, the collector of the first triode VT1 is electrically connected the other end of the first divider resistance R1, and the common node of the base stage of the second triode VT2.The first triode VT1 and the second triode VT2 are 9013 type triodes, and the model of the first voltage stabilizing diode VD1 is 1N4148.The first triode VT1 and the strong feedback of the second triode VT2 composition resonator oscillator, oscillation frequency equals the resonant frequency of T-40-16 ultrasonic transducer.T-40-16 ultrasonic transducer is feedback coupling element, is again output transducer for circuit.The waveform at T-40-16 ultrasonic transducer two ends is similar to square wave, and voltage amplitude approaches supply voltage.In the first triode VT1 base stage, reversal connection the first voltage stabilizing diode VD1 can stablize base voltage to ground.The maximum current that the first triode VT1 collector can reach is U
0/ R
1, the maximum current that the second triode VT2 collector can reach is U
0/ R
2, U
0for the magnitude of voltage of direct supply U, R
1be the resistance value of the first divider resistance R1, R
2it is the resistance value of the second divider resistance R2.
Circuit switches on power after (being hand push button S closure), provides base bias current by the first divider resistance R1 and the second divider resistance R2 to the second triode VT2 and the first triode VT1 simultaneously, makes two triodes enter magnifying state.The first triode VT1 first works, the collector of the first triode VT1 amplifies electric current, this small amplification will be amplified and feed back to the base stage of the first triode VT1 by the second triode VT2, again through the amplification of the first triode VT1, form chain reaction, make rapidly the first triode VT1 collector current reach maximum current U
0/ R
1thereby, make the first triode VT1 enter state of saturation, now the first triode VT1 is equivalent to the switch of a connection.Now, the second triode VT2 collector current becomes 0, in cut-off state, the second triode VT2 is equivalent to the switch disconnecting, and the first capacitor C 1 is by the second triode VT2 electric discharge, along with the electric discharge of the first capacitor C 1, owing to there being the effect of power supply U, the base voltage of the second triode VT2 raises gradually and starts conducting and enters amplification region, can occur at once again chain reaction in circuit, the second triode VT2 is saturated rapidly, the first triode VT1 cut-off.This time, capacitor C 1 was by the first triode VT1 charging.This charge and discharge process can make again the first triode VT1 again saturated, the second triode VT2 cut-off.So go round and begin again, form oscillator signal, this oscillator signal produces the ultrasound wave of 40KHZ by sonac piezoelectric effect.
With reference to Fig. 3, it is the ultrasonic sensor receiving terminal circuit structural representation of a kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector of the utility model embodiment.In this ultrasonic sensor receiving terminal circuit, one end of direct supply U electrical connection the 5th resistance R 5, one end of the 6th resistance R 6, and the common node of one end of the 3rd capacitor C 3, the emitter of earth potential electrical connection the 4th triode VT4 of GND, the anode of the second voltage stabilizing diode VD2, the common node of one end of the emitter of the 3rd triode VT3 and R-40-16 piezoelectric element, the base stage of other end electrical connection the 3rd triode VT3 of R-40-16 piezoelectric element, the common node of one end of the 3rd resistance R 3, the other end of collector electrical connection the 3rd resistance R 3 of the 3rd triode VT3, the other end of the 5th resistance R 5, and the common node of one end of the second capacitor C 2, the other end of the second capacitor C 2 is electrically connected the negative electrode of the second voltage stabilizing diode VD2, the base stage of the 4th triode VT4, and the common node of one end of the 4th resistance R 4, the other end of the 4th resistance R 4, the collector of four triode VT4, and the common node of the other end of the 6th resistance R 6 electrical connection signal output part U2.The 3rd triode VT3 and the 4th triode VT4 are 9018 type triodes, and the model of the second voltage stabilizing diode VD2 is 1N4148.
R-40-16 piezoelectric element adopts the principle of piezoelectric effect, exerts pressure on this piezoelectric element when ultrasound wave, makes this piezoelectric element generation strain, produces sine voltage signal.The voltage signal now producing is fainter, so be provided with the 3rd triode VT3 and the 4th triode VT4 in circuit, carries out two-stage amplification and modulation by the voltage signal to faint, by signal output part U2 output voltage signal.
R-40-16 piezoelectric element is connected between the base stage and emitter of the 3rd triode VT3, the faint voltage signal being received carries out one-level amplification by the 3rd triode VT3, the collector of the 3rd triode VT3 is connected with the base stage of the 4th triode VT4 by the second capacitor C 2 again, the 4th triode VT4 carries out secondary amplification by voltage signal again, form final output voltage, wherein the second capacitor C 2 plays the effect of filtered noise, modulation signal in circuit.The 3rd resistance R 3 and the 4th resistance R 4 are respectively the 3rd triode VT3 and the 4th triode VT4 provides base current.The second voltage stabilizing diode VD2 of reversal connection between the 4th triode VT4 base stage and emitter can stablize the base voltage of the 4th triode VT4, stablizes quiescent point.The effect that can play protection direct supply of the 3rd capacitor C 3.
With reference to Fig. 4, it is the ultrasonic signal treatment circuit schematic diagram of a kind of motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector of the utility model embodiment.The in-phase input end of the signal output part U2 electrical connection voltage comparator M of ultrasonic sensor, one end of inverting input electrical connection the 7th resistance R 7 of voltage comparator M, and the common node of one end of the 8th resistance R 8, the negative electrode of output terminal electrical connection the 3rd voltage stabilizing diode VD3 of voltage comparator M, one end of the 9th resistance R 9, and the common node of the base stage of the 5th triode VT5, the negative power end of voltage comparator M, the other end of the 8th resistance R 8, the anode of the 3rd voltage stabilizing diode VD3, and the common node ground connection of the emitter of the 5th triode VT5, the positive power source terminal of voltage comparator M, the other end of the 7th resistance R 7, and the common node of the other end of the 9th resistance R 9 electrical connection direct supply U, the collector of the 5th triode VT5 is electrically connected direct supply U after serial connection phonetic alarm T.
The input voltage of the inverting input of voltage comparator M is reference voltage, this reference voltage level is determined by a point compression functions for the 7th resistance R 7 and the 8th resistance R 8, select the 7th resistance R 7 and the 8th resistance R 8 of suitable resistance, both can obtain the reference voltage signal of amplitude and specific.The 9th resistance R 9 is the base resistance of the 5th triode VT5, and for the 5th triode VT5 provides base current, the 3rd voltage stabilizing diode VD3 plays the effect of stablizing base voltage.If the input voltage of the in-phase input end of voltage comparator M is U
2, the input voltage of the inverting input of voltage comparator M is U
1, work as U
2>U
1time, voltage comparator M exports high level signal, and now the 5th triode VT5 conducting, is equivalent to closed switch, and phonetic alarm is given the alarm; Work as U
2<U
1time, end of oppisite phase voltage is during higher than in-phase end, voltage comparator M output low level signal, and now the 5th not conducting of triode VT5, phonetic alarm is not worked.
In the time that driver feels traffic conditions more complicated around of motorbus or is difficult to predicting road conditions, driver can press hand push button S, make hand push button S closure, make motorbus of the present utility model vision dead zone obstacle detector in running order, thereby can detect the road conditions of vision dead zone.
Motorbus of the present utility model vision dead zone obstacle detector can detect all road conditions of vehicle periphery as far as possible all sidedly, and realizes in real time and detecting, and reduces better the generation of the accident that rolls.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not depart from spirit and scope of the present utility model the utility model.Like this, if within of the present utility model these are revised and modification belongs to the scope of the utility model claim and equivalent technologies thereof, the utility model is also intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (5)
1. a motorbus vision dead zone obstacle detector, is characterized in that, in the front-end and back-end of described motorbus, at least one ultrasonic sensor is respectively set, and each ultrasonic sensor is towards motorbus vehicle body outside;
The signal output part of described each ultrasonic sensor is provided with a corresponding ultrasonic signal treatment circuit, described each ultrasonic signal treatment circuit comprises voltage comparator, triode and voice guard, in each ultrasonic signal treatment circuit, the in-phase input end of described voltage comparator is electrically connected the signal output part of corresponding ultrasonic sensor, the base stage of the output terminal electrical connection triode of described voltage comparator; The grounded emitter of described triode, the collector of described triode is electrically connected direct supply after serial connection voice guard.
2. a kind of motorbus as claimed in claim 1 vision dead zone obstacle detector, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic sensor is T/R-40 serial universal ultrasound wave transmitting/receiving sensor, and described voltage comparator is LT311 type voltage comparator.
3. a kind of motorbus as claimed in claim 1 vision dead zone obstacle detector, is characterized in that, on outer left side and the outside right side of described motorbus, at least one ultrasonic sensor is respectively set.
4. a kind of motorbus as claimed in claim 1 vision dead zone obstacle detector, is characterized in that, also comprises the power module for direct supply is provided to each ultrasonic sensor, each ultrasonic signal treatment circuit.
5. a kind of motorbus as claimed in claim 1 vision dead zone obstacle detector, is characterized in that, described voice guard is fixed on driver's operation bench.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320828519.XU CN203688799U (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Apparatus for detecting barriers in visual blind area for bus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320828519.XU CN203688799U (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Apparatus for detecting barriers in visual blind area for bus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203688799U true CN203688799U (en) | 2014-07-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320828519.XU Expired - Fee Related CN203688799U (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Apparatus for detecting barriers in visual blind area for bus |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN203688799U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103675826A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-26 | 长安大学 | Bus vision dead zone barrier detection device |
-
2013
- 2013-12-13 CN CN201320828519.XU patent/CN203688799U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103675826A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-26 | 长安大学 | Bus vision dead zone barrier detection device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140702 Termination date: 20161213 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |