CN203668256U - Aerobic composting device - Google Patents
Aerobic composting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203668256U CN203668256U CN201420013157.3U CN201420013157U CN203668256U CN 203668256 U CN203668256 U CN 203668256U CN 201420013157 U CN201420013157 U CN 201420013157U CN 203668256 U CN203668256 U CN 203668256U
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- compost reactor
- temperature
- compost
- aerobic composting
- composting device
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- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
An aerobic composting device comprises a perforated plate, wherein the perforated plate divides a container into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part adopts a compost reactor, and the lower part adopts an air chamber; a detachable seal cover is arranged at the top of the compost reactor, and a gas outlet, an ammonia gas sampling port and a greenhouse gas sampling port are formed in the seal cover; the ammonia gas sampling port is connected with a gas inlet of an ammonia gas absorption device, and the greenhouse gas sampling port is connected with a gas inlet of the greenhouse gas collecting device; a first temperature measuring point is arranged outside the compost reactor, a second temperature measuring point and a third temperature measuring point in different heights are arranged in the compost reactor, and a temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature; a ventilating pipe is mounted in the air chamber and connected with an air outlet of an air compressor through a rotor flow meter and an electromagnetic valve, and a percolate discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the air chamber; and the temperature sensor and the electromagnetic valve are both electrically connected to a PLC (programmable logic controller) in a PLC automatic control system which is controlled by a touch screen on the scene.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to solid organic castoff aerobic compost process field, particularly a kind of aerobic composting device based on automatic control.
Background technology
China's town sewage is processed development rapidly in recent years, and 2010 produce mud (water ratio 80%) 2039.87 ten thousand tons per year, and the 3000000 tons of mud (water ratio 80%) compared with 2005 have increased nearly 7 times.But China exists " the light mud of heavy water " phenomenon in the past, sewage sludge harmlessness is processed disposal rate far below wastewater treatment rate, and for example, it is only 25.1% that national sewage sludge harmlessness in 2010 is processed disposal rate.Meanwhile, Ye Shi livestock and poultry cultivation big country of China, intensive livestock and poultry cultivation has produced a large amount of ight soil, has caused serious problem of environmental pollution, according to " national Pollutant source investigation communique for the first time ", 2.43 hundred million tons of the ight soil generations of China's livestock and poultry breeding industry in 2007.
Mud and feces of livestock and poultry are rich in organic matter, nitrogen phosphorus nutrient, are good organic fertilizer resources, but also contain pathogenic bacteria and hazardous and noxious substances (as heavy metal, microbiotic).If not treated disposal is with regard to directly carrying out soil utilization, not only can pollute surrounding enviroment and underground water, and can cause the diffusion of pathogenic bacteria, by surrounding enviroment and human health are formed to huge potential threat, receive much concern.Aerobic compost is widely used in processing disposal and the resource utilization of mud and feces of livestock and poultry, be that China organic solid waste is processed and the Main Trends of The Development of resource utilization, but the management of mud and feces of livestock and poultry, processing, disposal process are also one of important emission sources of the dusty gas such as greenhouse gases and ammonia.
When in to composting process, nutritive element variation and gas discharge characteristics are studied, the environment of on-the-spot composting test is comparatively severe, healthy and personnel safety to scientific research personnel causes certain risk, and adopt small-sized composting test, need to consider the specific surface area size of heap body, temperature is scattered and disappeared, the factors such as operability.The compost reactor that can be incubated can solve small-sized composting test the heat excessive and on-the-spot composting test difficult shortcoming of sampling that runs off, and meets scientific research personnel's composting test research needs.
At present, small-sized compost reactor is in order to meet the research to composting process, and as material physical and chemical properties change, gaseous emission feature, optimizes amendment proportioning and design, and reactor is generally the container of upper opening.Poor for pre-existing reactors control performance, the shortcomings such as gas sample acquisition difficulty, need the more effective intelligent compost reaction unit of design.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model be to provide a kind of can intelligent control composting process, the convenient aerobic composting device that gathers volatilization gas.
For achieving the above object, the aerobic composting device that the utility model provides, mainly comprises:
One perforation plate, is divided into upper and lower two portions by a container, and top is divided into compost reactor, and bottom is divided into air compartment;
The top of compost reactor is dismountable sealing cover, and on sealing cover, is provided with air outlet, ammonia thief hatch and greenhouse gases thief hatch;
Ammonia thief hatch connects the inlet mouth of ammonia absorption device, and greenhouse gases thief hatch connects the inlet mouth of greenhouse gases collection device;
The outside of compost reactor is provided with the first point for measuring temperature, is provided with the second point for measuring temperature and the 3rd point for measuring temperature of different heights in compost reactor, carries out thermometric by temperature sensor;
Air compartment is provided with vent-pipe, and vent-pipe is connected the air outlet of air compressor with magnetic valve by spinner-type flowmeter;
The bottom of air compartment is provided with percolate vent pipe;
Temperature sensor and magnetic valve are all electrically connected to the PLC controller in PLC automatic control system, and PLC automatic control system is manipulated by on-the-spot touch screen.
Described aerobic composting device, wherein, perforation plate is arranged on the prop on wall of container.
Described aerobic composting device, wherein, the porosity of perforation plate is 3～6%, aperture is 5～8mm.
Described aerobic composting device, wherein, the outer wall of compost reactor is provided with thermal insulation layer.
Described aerobic composting device, wherein, multiple compost reactors can parallel running, is controlled respectively by PLC automatic control system.
The utility model carries out aerobic compost reaction, can real time record pile body internal temperature and feed back to PLC automatic control system, and the Ventilation Strategies of setting by on-the-spot touch screen, controls ventilation time automatically; Meanwhile, can gather easily in compost material sample and composting process and discharge gas.Compost reaction unit manipulation is convenient, and multiple compost reactor can parallel running, and Ventilation Strategies is set respectively, improves operability and the efficiency of test design.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Sign flag explanation in accompanying drawing:
1 air compressor, 2 vent-pipes, 3 magnetic valves, 4 spinner-type flowmeters, 5 perforation plates, 6 air compartments, 7 percolate vent pipes, 8 thermal insulation layers, 9 temperature sensors, 10 ammonia absorption devices, 11 greenhouse gases collection devices, 12 first points for measuring temperature, 13 second points for measuring temperature, 14 the 3rd points for measuring temperature, 15PLC controller, 16PLC automatic control system, 17 on-the-spot touch screens, 18 compost reactors, 19 props, 20 air outlets, 21 ammonia thief hatchs, 22 greenhouse gases thief hatchs.
Embodiment
Aerobic composting device of the present utility model as shown in Figure 1, comprising: reactor assembly, ventilation system and monitor control system.Above-mentioned each system connects to form by pipeline and cable.
Reactor assembly is made up of compost reactor 18, perforation plate 5, thermal insulation layer 8, percolate vent pipe 7.
Ventilation system is made up of air compressor 1, vent-pipe 2, magnetic valve 3, spinner-type flowmeter 4, air compartment 6.
Monitor control system is made up of temperature sensor 9, ammonia absorption device 10, greenhouse gases collection device 11, the first point for measuring temperature 12, the second point for measuring temperature 13, the 3rd point for measuring temperature 14 and PLC automatic control system 16, and wherein PLC automatic control system 16 is made up of PLC controller 15 and on-the-spot touch screen 17.
Particularly, aerobic composting device of the present utility model is, by a perforation plate 5, a container (as cylindrical vessel) is divided into upper and lower two portions, and top is divided into compost reactor 18, and bottom is divided into air compartment 6.
Perforation plate 5 is arranged on the prop 19 on wall of container; The porosity of perforation plate 5 is 3～6%, and aperture is 5～8mm.
The top of compost reactor 18 is provided with dismountable sealing cover, and on sealing cover, is provided with air outlet 20, ammonia thief hatch 21 and greenhouse gases thief hatch 22; The inlet mouth of ammonia absorption device 10 is communicated with ammonia thief hatch 21 by pipeline, and the inlet mouth of greenhouse gases collection device 11 is communicated with greenhouse gases thief hatch 22 by pipeline.
The outer wall of compost reactor 18 is provided with thermal insulation layer 8, and the outside of compost reactor 18 is provided with the first point for measuring temperature 12, is provided with the second point for measuring temperature 13 and the 3rd point for measuring temperature 14 of different heights in compost reactor 18, carries out thermometric by temperature sensor 9.
One side of air compartment 6 is provided with described vent-pipe 2, and vent-pipe 2 is communicated with the air outlet of spinner-type flowmeter 4 by pipeline, and the inlet mouth of spinner-type flowmeter 4 is communicated with magnetic valve 3 by pipeline, and magnetic valve 3 is connected with the air outlet of air compressor 1 by pipeline; The bottom of air compartment 6 is provided with percolate vent pipe 7.
On-the-spot touch screen 17 can show the operation running condition of aerobic composting device, comprising:
1) can show temperature curve and the real time temperature of the first point for measuring temperature, the second point for measuring temperature, the 3rd point for measuring temperature;
2) can set temperature frequency acquisition;
3) Ventilation Strategies interface be can show, and on touch screen, ventilation time and stand-by time adjusted at the scene;
4) can show current time and total run time etc.
Below lifting a specific embodiment is further described.
One cylindrical vessel (useful volume 47.4L, tubular aspect ratio is 1.17), is divided into upper and lower two portions by perforation plate 5, and top is divided into compost reactor 18, and bottom is divided into air compartment 6.It is corrosion resistant material that cylindrical vessel uses material, and what the present embodiment used is 316 stainless steels.
Perforation plate 5 is mounted on the prop 19 on wall of container, and the porosity of the perforation plate of the present embodiment is 3～6%, and aperture is 5～8mm.
The top of compost reactor 18 is provided with removable seal lid, and mode of connection is that flange connects, and on sealing cover, is provided with air outlet 20, ammonia thief hatch 21, greenhouse gases thief hatch 22.Air outlet 20 diameters are 10～15cm, and the moisture volatilizing in composting process is by this mouthful of discharge.In the time of gas collecting, available soft rubber ball seals air outlet 20.Ammonia thief hatch 21 is the straight-through threading formula joint of stainless steel cutting ferrule, and diameter is 2～5mm.Ammonia absorption device 10(QCS-6000, Yancheng Galaxy Science & Technology Co., Ltd.) inlet mouth be connected with ammonia thief hatch 21 by polyfluortetraethylene pipe.Greenhouse gases thief hatch 22 is the straight-through threading formula joint of stainless steel cutting ferrule, and diameter is 2～5mm.Greenhouse gases collection device 11(50ML, Shanghai Zhi Yu Medical Devices Co., Ltd.) inlet mouth be connected with greenhouse gases thief hatch 22 by polyfluortetraethylene pipe.By above-mentioned ammonia absorption device and greenhouse gases collection device, can easily sample be taken back to lab analysis test sample.
Described thermal insulation layer 8 is installed in compost reactor 18 outsides, and the material of thermal insulation layer 8 is rubber and plastic warming plate, and above-mentioned thermal insulation layer can reduce the impact of external environment on composting process, reduces heap body heat content and scatters and disappears.Temperature sensor 9(KZW/P-221, the Kunlun, Beijing Zhong great industry control Technology Dev Company Ltd.) be provided with the first point for measuring temperature 12 in the outside of compost reactor 18, be provided with the second point for measuring temperature 13 at the middle part of compost reactor 18, be provided with the 3rd point for measuring temperature 14 in the bottom of compost reactor.
One side of air compartment 6 is provided with vent-pipe 2, the inlet mouth of vent-pipe 2 is communicated with the air outlet of spinner-type flowmeter 4 by pipeline, the inlet mouth of spinner-type flowmeter 4 is communicated with magnetic valve 3 by pipeline, magnetic valve 3 is by pipeline and air compressor 1(Z-550-24L, Shanghai Luo Di air compressor machine company limited) air outlet connect, in the opposite side bottom of air compartment 6, percolate vent pipe 7 is installed.
Temperature sensor and magnetic valve are all connected to described PLC automatic control system 16 by cable, by on-the-spot touch screen 17MCGS, Beijing Kunlun Tongtai Automation Software Technology Co., Ltd.) can set the ventilation condition of aerobic compost reaction unit, ventilation condition is divided into the time and controls and temperature control.Time controls and temperature control is by PLC controller 15(S7-200CN, Siemens) switching of control magnetic valve 3, as open 10s/ and stop 10min.When temperature control, be that magnetic valve 3 is opened in the time that the temperature of the 3rd point for measuring temperature is greater than preset value (such as 60 DEG C), be down to while being less than 55 DEG C when the temperature of the 3rd point for measuring temperature, magnetic valve 3 cuts out.In the time carrying out temperature control, time control stops.
On-the-spot touch screen can show the operation running condition of compost reaction unit, comprising: temperature curve and the real time temperature that can show the first described point for measuring temperature, the second point for measuring temperature, the 3rd point for measuring temperature; Can set temperature frequency acquisition; Can show Ventilation Strategies interface, and adjust ventilation time and stand-by time on described on-the-spot touch screen; Can show current time and total run time etc.
Aerobic composting device of the present utility model can provide efficiently operating method intuitively, automatically reliable, convenient collection in compost material sample and composting process discharges gas, and multiple compost reactor can parallel running, Ventilation Strategies is set respectively, improves operability and the efficiency of test design.
Claims (5)
1. an aerobic composting device, is characterized in that, comprising:
One perforation plate, is divided into upper and lower two portions by a container, and top is divided into compost reactor, and bottom is divided into air compartment;
The top of compost reactor is dismountable sealing cover, and on sealing cover, is provided with air outlet, ammonia thief hatch and greenhouse gases thief hatch;
Ammonia thief hatch connects the inlet mouth of ammonia absorption device, and greenhouse gases thief hatch connects the inlet mouth of greenhouse gases collection device;
The outside of compost reactor is provided with the first point for measuring temperature, is provided with the second point for measuring temperature and the 3rd point for measuring temperature of different heights in compost reactor, carries out thermometric by temperature sensor;
Air compartment is provided with vent-pipe, and vent-pipe is connected the air outlet of air compressor with magnetic valve by spinner-type flowmeter;
The bottom of air compartment is provided with percolate vent pipe;
Temperature sensor and magnetic valve are all electrically connected to the PLC controller in PLC automatic control system, and PLC automatic control system is manipulated by on-the-spot touch screen.
2. aerobic composting device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, perforation plate is arranged on the prop on wall of container.
3. aerobic composting device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the porosity of perforation plate is 3～6%, and aperture is 5～8mm.
4. aerobic composting device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the outer wall of compost reactor is provided with thermal insulation layer.
5. aerobic composting device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, multiple compost reactors can parallel running, is controlled respectively by PLC automatic control system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420013157.3U CN203668256U (en) | 2014-01-09 | 2014-01-09 | Aerobic composting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420013157.3U CN203668256U (en) | 2014-01-09 | 2014-01-09 | Aerobic composting device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203668256U true CN203668256U (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420013157.3U Expired - Lifetime CN203668256U (en) | 2014-01-09 | 2014-01-09 | Aerobic composting device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106631223A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Closed type aerobic sludge composting device and use method thereof |
| CN108117414A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-05 | 深圳市安思科电子科技有限公司 | A kind of high energy-saving organic fertilizer production equipment of production efficiency |
| CN112763666A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 河北省产品质量监督检验研究院 | Portable compost maturity quality rapid detection device |
-
2014
- 2014-01-09 CN CN201420013157.3U patent/CN203668256U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106631223A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Closed type aerobic sludge composting device and use method thereof |
| CN108117414A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-05 | 深圳市安思科电子科技有限公司 | A kind of high energy-saving organic fertilizer production equipment of production efficiency |
| CN112763666A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 河北省产品质量监督检验研究院 | Portable compost maturity quality rapid detection device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20140625 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |