Three-phase tri-level active filter
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of active filter, particularly relates to a kind of three level active filters.
Background technology
Due to the application of power electronic equipments a large amount of in modernization construction, the harmonic current that these power electronic equipments are produced produces serious interference and pollution to electrical network, in order to solve well this defect, thereby active filter is applied on these power electronic equipments.
Active filter is a kind of for dynamically suppressing the novel electric power electric device of harmonic wave, compensating reactive power, harmonic wave and the idle of variation that it can all change big or small and frequency compensate, why be called active, as the term suggests this device need to provide power supply, its application can overcome that traditional harmonic wave such as LC filter (passive filter) suppresses and reactive-load compensation method can only fixed compensation shortcoming, realize dynamic tracking compensation, and can not only mend harmonic wave but also mend idle.
In active filter, ripple current and current response rate are two indexs of contradiction, and as Active Power Filter-APF, its basic principle is to detect load harmonic wave, injects anti-phase harmonic wave, reaches the object of filtering with cancelling out each other of harmonic wave.General active filter is the voltage source inverter of a Controlled in Current Mode and Based.Output current is that the voltage exported by inverter acts on outputting inductance and produces.Inverter adopts pulse width modulation, and according to electrician's basic principle, ripple current determined by the size institute of switching frequency, DC bus-bar voltage, outputting inductance, and irrelevant with the control of electric current loop.
Wherein more high ripple current is less, DC bus-bar voltage is higher for switching frequency, and ripple current is larger.And outputting inductance is larger, ripple current is less.And the output current that inverter is expected is controlled by electric current loop.Active filter output harmonic wave electric current, if press first-harmonic 50Hz, compensation 50 subharmonic calculate, and higher harmonic frequencies will reach 2.5kHz, so active filter has very high requirement to current response rate, but current response rate is relevant with outputting inductance size with DC bus-bar voltage.So DC bus-bar voltage is higher, current response is faster; Outputting inductance is larger, and current response is slower.
So those skilled in the art's desired output ripple current is the smaller the better, The faster the better for current response rate, but as can be seen from the above analysis, the way that two level active power filters solve this contradiction can only be to improve switching frequency.The switching frequency of two level active power filter products of some producer has reached 20kHz now.But, what the raising of switching frequency brought is higher switching loss and drives loss, the single-machine capacity of active filter can be restricted, and for the active filter of voltage levels more, the IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor of high pressure, insulated gate bipolar transistor) not allow so high switching frequency.
So the harmonic filtration effect of existing active filter is undesirable, reactive power compensation effect neither be very desirable, cannot well realize the target of energy environment protection.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is harmonic filtration effect and the undesirable defect of compensation effect of the active filter in order to overcome prior art, a kind of three-phase tri-level active filter is provided, by adopting IGBT pipe removably in parallel, thereby it is effective to have harmonic filtration, the advantage that reactive power compensation is satisfactory for result.
The utility model solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals:
The utility model provides a kind of three-phase tri-level active filter, is characterized in every in described three-phase tri-level active filter and includes mutually:
Bridge arm circuit, once bridge arm circuit and a middle bridge arm circuit on one, described middle bridge arm circuit comprises the forward IGBT circuit and the reverse IGBT circuit that are connected in series;
Described upper bridge arm circuit, lower bridge arm circuit, forward IGBT circuit and reverse IGBT circuit include some IGBT pipes that are removably connected in parallel;
The quantity of the IGBT pipe being connected in parallel in described forward IGBT circuit and oppositely IGBT circuit is the half of the quantity of the IGBT pipe that is connected in parallel in described upper bridge arm circuit and lower bridge arm circuit.
In three level active filters, can export positive and negative, 03 kinds of voltages, in the time calculating ripple current, only need to calculate by the half of DC bus-bar voltage, making intermediate axle arm output current is the half of upper and lower bridge arm output current.Thus, under the prerequisite requiring at same switch frequency, identical DC bus-bar voltage, identical ripple current, the outputting inductance of three level is the half of two level, and the ripple loss on switching loss and the inductance of device simultaneously also can reduce.Calculating when current response rate, what work will be whole DC bus-bar voltage, and the reducing by half of outputting inductance, by accelerating the response speed of electric current, described above, ripple current is reduced and speed current response rate, thereby boostfiltering effect, improves single-machine capacity.
And because the IGBT being removably connected in parallel of active filter of the present utility model manages, so the size of rated power that can be as required increases and decreases the upper bridge arm circuit of each phase and the forward IGBT circuit of lower bridge arm circuit and middle brachium pontis and the reverse quantity of IGBT in parallel in IGBT circuit accordingly, make it there is harmonic filtration effective, the advantage that reactive power compensation is satisfactory for result.
Preferably, the upper bridge arm circuit of every phase is all electrically connected with one first drive circuit, the lower bridge arm circuit of every phase is all electrically connected with one second drive circuit, and the forward IGBT circuit of every phase is all electrically connected with one the 3rd drive circuit, and the reverse IGBT circuit of every phase is all electrically connected with one the 4th drive circuit.
Be in the utility model by making each brachium pontis adopt one drive circuit, can realize well the IGBT pipe current-sharing output of each brachium pontis, ensure the safe operation of source filter, reduce costs simultaneously.
Preferably, described the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit are arranged at a pcb board (Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board (PCB)), and described the 3rd drive circuit and the 4th drive circuit are arranged at another pcb board.
The utility model is being that each brachium pontis adopts under the prerequisite of a drive circuit, by being integrated into respectively two pcb boards, reduce reciprocal influence and interference between parts on the one hand, also simplified on the other hand the structure of active filter, can also further reduce the cost in addition.
Preferably, described three-phase tri-level active filter also comprises three power supplys, and described the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit are connected with respectively a power supply, and described the 3rd drive circuit and the 4th drive circuit are electrically connected to respectively a power supply.
The utility model is by being further the mode that each brachium pontis adopts independent current source, the drive circuit that is exactly specifically upper brachium pontis adopts an independent current source, the drive circuit of lower brachium pontis adopts two drive circuits of independent current source, middle brachium pontis to share a power supply, thereby realizes better the IGBT pipe current-sharing output of each brachium pontis.
Preferably, described three-phase tri-level active filter is that switching frequency is the three-phase tri-level active filter of 9.6KHz-30KHz.
The switching frequency of the active filter of parallel IGBT pipe of the present utility model adopts more than on the one hand can be increased to 20KHz, and then raising filtration result, on the other hand, active filter of the present utility model can be applicable to the active filter of the switching frequency that requires 9.6KHz-30KHz.
Preferably, the positive voltage of the driving voltage of described the first drive circuit, the second drive circuit, the 3rd drive circuit and the 4th drive circuit is 16V, and the negative voltage of driving voltage is-9V.
And IGBT conducting in the forward IGBT circuit of the series connection of upper bridge arm circuit, lower bridge arm circuit and the middle brachium pontis of the positive voltage 16V driving correspondence of driving voltage in the utility model and reverse IGBT circuit, IGBT shutoff in the forward IGBT circuit of the series connection of upper bridge arm circuit, lower bridge arm circuit and the middle brachium pontis of negative voltage-9V driving correspondence and reverse IGBT circuit.
Preferably, the quantity of the IGBT pipe being connected in parallel in the upper bridge arm circuit of every phase and lower bridge arm circuit is 4, and the quantity of the IGBT pipe being connected in parallel in the forward IGBT circuit of every phase and oppositely IGBT circuit is 2.
Preferably, described IGBT manages as rated current is 45A, the single tube IGBT of 1200V pipe when rated voltage.
The IGBT pipe of above-mentioned kind and quantity adopts more than can be promoted to 20KHz by the switching frequency of active filter of the present utility model.
Meeting on the basis of this area general knowledge, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can combination in any, obtains the each preferred embodiments of the utility model.
Positive progressive effect of the present utility model is:
Three-phase tri-level active filter of the present utility model, by adopting IGBT pipe removably in parallel, thereby it is effective to have harmonic filtration, the advantage that reactive power compensation is satisfactory for result.And really realized energy environment protection by independent current source, drive circuit and the design that is integrated into pcb board, and economical and practical, safe and reliable target.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the topological circuit figure of A phase in three-phase tri-level active filter of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram that A of the present utility model goes up the drive circuit of bridge arm circuit mutually.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram that A of the present utility model descends the drive circuit of bridge arm circuit mutually.
Fig. 4 is the A of the present utility model circuit diagram of the drive circuit of the forward IGBT circuit of middle bridge arm circuit mutually.
Fig. 5 is the A of the present utility model circuit diagram of the drive circuit of the reverse IGBT circuit of middle bridge arm circuit mutually.
Embodiment
Mode below by embodiment further illustrates the utility model, but therefore the utility model is not limited among described scope of embodiments.
Every bridge arm circuit on, once bridge arm circuit and middle bridge arm circuit of including mutually of three-phase tri-level active filter of the present utility model, described middle bridge arm circuit comprises the forward IGBT circuit and the reverse IGBT circuit that are connected in series; Described upper bridge arm circuit, lower bridge arm circuit, forward IGBT circuit and reverse IGBT circuit include some IGBT pipes that are removably connected in parallel; The quantity of the IGBT pipe being connected in parallel in described forward IGBT circuit and oppositely IGBT circuit is the half of the quantity of the IGBT pipe that is connected in parallel in described upper bridge arm circuit and lower bridge arm circuit.Thereby the size that realizes rated power that can be as required increases and decreases the upper bridge arm circuit of each phase and the forward IGBT circuit of lower bridge arm circuit and middle brachium pontis and the reverse quantity of IGBT in parallel in IGBT circuit accordingly, make it there is harmonic filtration effective, the advantage that reactive power compensation is satisfactory for result.
Specifically be described in detail by following embodiment:
Three-phase tri-level active filter of the present utility model comprises A phase, B phase and C phase, Figure 1 shows that A phase topological circuit figure, because structure and the annexation of B phase and C phase are all identical with A mutually, so those skilled in the art can imagine according to the schematic diagram of the topological circuit of A phase the schematic diagram of the topological circuit that all the other phases, the schematic diagram of the topological circuit of each phase is just shown no longer one by one here.So the present embodiment only specifically describes A phase structure.
As shown in Figure 1, A comprises a upper bridge arm circuit 1 and a lower bridge arm circuit 2 mutually, bridge arm circuit in the middle of one, described middle bridge arm circuit comprises a forward IGBT circuit 31 and a reverse IGBT circuit 32, described forward IGBT circuit 31 and oppositely IGBT circuit 32 are connected in series.The upper bridge arm circuit of A phase and lower bridge arm circuit include 4 single tube IGBT in parallel, and forward IGBT circuit 31 and oppositely IGBT circuit 32 comprise 2 single tube IGBT in parallel respectively.
Equally, the upper bridge arm circuit of B phase and C phase and lower bridge arm circuit also include 4 single tube IGBT in parallel, and the forward IGBT circuit being connected in series in middle bridge arm circuit and oppositely IGBT circuit also include 2 single tube IGBT in parallel.
In the present embodiment, the rated current of each single tube IGBT is 45A, rated voltage is 1200V, thereby the rated current of described active filter output can be 50A, those IGBT pipes that described active filter comprises are equivalent to linked switch, each IGBT pipe all has a switching frequency, when multiple IGBT in these IGBT pipes in parallel manage conducting simultaneously like this, just make more than the switching frequency of described active filter rises to 20KHz, with respect to the 10-20KHz of the switching frequency scope of general active filter, more than the switching frequency of the active filter of the present embodiment can be increased to 20KHz effectively, make harmonic filtration effective, reactive power compensation is satisfactory for result.
Due to the upper bridge arm circuit of every phase and lower bridge arm circuit and forward IGBT circuit and the size of the rated power that oppositely quantity of single tube IGBT in parallel can be as required in IGBT circuit increase and decrease accordingly, so in another embodiment when bridge arm circuit and lower bridge arm circuit on each all adopt 2 single tube IGBT, forward IGBT circuit and oppositely IGBT circuit all adopt 1 single tube IGBT, are 25A thereby make the rated current of described active filter output.
So by adjusting and experiment to IGBT pipe value volume and range of product, the optimised working region of the switching frequency of the active filter of the present embodiment is 9.6KHz-30KHz.
In addition in the present embodiment, the upper bridge arm circuit of every phase is all electrically connected with the first drive circuit, be A phase, B phase and C mutually in the upper bridge arm circuit of any one be all connected to the first drive circuit, the lower bridge arm circuit of same every phase is all electrically connected with the second drive circuit, the forward IGBT circuit of every phase is all electrically connected with the 3rd drive circuit, and the reverse IGBT circuit of every phase is all electrically connected with the 4th drive circuit.
And described the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit be arranged at a pcb board, described the 3rd drive circuit and the 4th drive circuit are arranged at another pcb board.
That is to say, the upper bridge arm circuit of every phase of the present embodiment and lower bridge arm circuit are connected to a drive circuit respectively, the drive circuit of the drive circuit of the upper bridge arm circuit of every phase and lower bridge arm circuit is integrated on same pcb board, the forward IGBT circuit of the middle brachium pontis of every phase and oppositely IGBT circuit are also connected to a drive circuit respectively, and the forward IGBT circuit of the middle brachium pontis of every phase and the oppositely drive circuit of IGBT circuit are integrated on same pcb board.Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, be respectively the second drive circuit, the 3rd drive circuit of forward IGBT circuit and the 4th drive circuit of reverse IGBT circuit of the first drive circuit of the upper bridge arm circuit of A phase, lower bridge arm circuit.
The first drive circuit of the upper bridge arm circuit of A phase converts PWM1 signal to output signal G1-E1, drives 4 single tube IGBT in parallel of the upper bridge arm circuit of A phase.The second drive circuit of the lower bridge arm circuit of A phase converts PWM4 signal to output signal G2-E2, drives 4 single tube IGBT in parallel of the lower bridge arm circuit of A phase.The 3rd drive circuit of the forward IGBT circuit of A phase converts PWM3 signal to output signal G2-E1, drive 2 single tube IGBT in parallel of the forward IGBT circuit of A phase, the 4th drive circuit of the reverse IGBT circuit of A phase converts PWM2 signal to output signal G1-E1, drives 2 single tube IGBT in parallel of the reverse IGBT circuit of A phase.
All independently adopt one drive circuit just because of each bridge arm circuit, can realize well IGBT current-sharing output, guarantee the safe operation of this active filter, reduce costs simultaneously.
In addition, the structure chart of the drive circuit of the structure chart of drive circuit of the drive circuit of the forward and reverse IGBT circuit of series connection of the upper and lower bridge arm circuit of B phase and middle brachium pontis and the forward and reverse IGBT circuit of series connection of the upper and lower bridge arm circuit of C phase and middle brachium pontis and the forward and reverse IGBT circuit of series connection of the upper bridge arm circuit of A phase and middle brachium pontis is identical, so just no longer the structure chart of the drive circuit of the forward and reverse IGBT circuit of series connection of the drive circuit of the forward and reverse IGBT circuit of series connection of the upper and lower bridge arm circuit of B phase and middle brachium pontis and the upper and lower bridge arm circuit of C phase and middle brachium pontis is all illustrated one by one at this, those skilled in the art just can imagine the structure chart of the drive circuit of the forward and reverse IGBT circuit of series connection that the upper and lower bridge arm circuit of B phase and the drive circuit of the forward and reverse IGBT circuit of series connection of middle brachium pontis and the upper and lower bridge arm circuit of C phase and middle brachium pontis according to the drive circuit of the forward and reverse IGBT circuit of series connection of the upper bridge arm circuit of A phase and middle brachium pontis.
In addition, the active filter of the present embodiment also comprises three power supplys (not being shown in figure), and described the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit are connected with respectively a power supply, and described the 3rd drive circuit and the 4th drive circuit are electrically connected to respectively a power supply.
It is the mode that each brachium pontis adopts independent current source, the drive circuit that is exactly specifically upper brachium pontis adopts an independent current source, the drive circuit of lower brachium pontis adopts two drive circuits of independent current source, middle brachium pontis to share a power supply, thereby realizes better the IGBT pipe current-sharing output of each brachium pontis.
And the positive voltage of the driving voltage of described the first drive circuit, the second drive circuit, the 3rd drive circuit and the 4th drive circuit is 16V, the negative voltage of driving voltage is-9V.
IGBT conducting in the forward IGBT circuit of the series connection of upper bridge arm circuit, lower bridge arm circuit and the middle brachium pontis of the positive voltage 16V driving correspondence of described driving voltage and oppositely IGBT circuit, IGBT shutoff in the forward IGBT circuit of the series connection of upper bridge arm circuit, lower bridge arm circuit and the middle brachium pontis of negative voltage-9V driving correspondence and reverse IGBT circuit.
Although more than described embodiment of the present utility model, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that these only illustrate, protection range of the present utility model is limited by appended claims.Those skilled in the art is not deviating under the prerequisite of principle of the present utility model and essence, can make various changes or modifications to these execution modes, but these changes and modification all fall into protection range of the present utility model.