A kind of external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of flue gas treatment system, is specifically related to a kind of external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system.Belong to firepower power generation equipment technical field.
Background technology
The wet desulphurization unit of thermal power plant smokeless heat exchanger GGH all exists flue gas to carry the problem of gypsum rain secretly, the flue gas that water capacity is saturated is met cold cooling a large amount of water droplets that condense, form the outward appearance that chimney emits " white cigarette ", not only be repugnant to the eye, and the gypsum raindrop of carrying secretly in white cigarette descend slowly and lightly on ground, cause the corrosion of peripheral equipment and pipeline.The solution of domestic employing is limited, and often, because the problems such as investment, place, operating cost cannot be implemented transformation, this problem is perplexing electricity power enterprise all the time.Solve gypsum rain problem and be exactly fundamentally and heat clean flue gas to more than carrying vapo(u)rous temperature, improve flue gas pollutant diffusion, reduce white cigarette, avoid the acid rain of chimney breast and eliminate the corrosive pipeline in flue downstream.Adopt at present following several measures both at home and abroad:
The first, adopts rotary generative flue gas heat-exchange unit (R-GGH); The flue gas that boiler is discharged, after deduster dedusting, is called former flue gas, and former flue-gas temperature is consistent with exhaust gas temperature, is generally 130 ℃ of left and right.The flue gas of flue gas after desulfuration absorbing tower washing is called clean flue gas, namely Low Temperature Wet flue gas, and this flue-gas temperature is generally 50 ℃ of left and right.Principle is to export clean flue gas (temperature 50 C left and right) heat exchange in R-GGH with boiler discharge the former flue gas (the about 130 ℃ of left and right of temperature) after dedusting with absorption tower, clean flue gas to a 75 ℃ left and right is entered to chimney, former flue-gas temperature is down to 90 ℃ from 130 ℃ and enters absorption tower desulfurization, but this technology is owing to containing the alkalescent salt such as gypsum in wet flue gas, the easy fouling of heat exchanger, obstruction, swinging flue gas heat-exchange unit volume is larger, take up an area larger, active service power plant often cannot implement transformation because of lack of space, site examining and repairing maintenance workload is larger.
The second, adopt built-in tubular type flue gas heat-exchange unit (T-GGH) scheme: at desulfuration absorbing tower exhaust pass, pipe heat exchanger (T-GGH) is set, adopt steam or hot water, Low Temperature Wet flue gas is heated to 75 ℃ from 50 ℃, drop in evaporation wet flue gas, enter again in chimney, outlet flue gas in absorption tower is through heat exchanger heating, heat exchanger can adopt steam-flue gas heat exchange or adopt hot water-flue gas heat exchange, 50 ℃ of Low Temperature Wet flue gases are heated to about 75 ℃ discharges, solve chimney and emit " white cigarette " problem.But this heat exchanger is surface-type heat exchanger, because heat exchanger is pipe heat exchanger, the flow resistance of flue gas is larger, causes blower fan power consumption to increase more; Meanwhile, owing to containing the alkalescent salt such as gypsum in wet flue gas, the easy fouling of heat exchanger, obstruction on the one hand, the corrosion of another side heat exchanger is more serious.Heat exchanger is lower service life, and when serious, Tube Sheet of Heat Exchanger row corrosion in 2 years is leaked (vapour), has a strong impact on safe operation of power plant.
The third, adopt contact(-type) heater scheme: at desulfuration absorbing tower exhaust pass, direct contact heat exchanger is set, hot the part of boiler Secondary Air is sneaked in wet flue gas, Low Temperature Wet flue gas is heated to 75 ℃ from 50 ℃, drop in evaporation wet flue gas, enter in chimney, this scheme implementation is convenient, but uneconomical again, owing to adopting the Hot-blast Heating wet flue gas of power plant main body boiler, cause boiler efficiency to decline more, more than unit coal consumption increases about 2g/kWh, unit economy declines more.Under current energy-saving and cost-reducing environment, this scheme is unfavorable for energy-saving and emission-reduction, affects the performance driving economy of unit, also can affect boiler wind pushing temperature, remote-effects burning.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model, that Low Temperature Wet flue gas cost is high, flue gas heat-exchange unit low defect in service life in order to overcome in prior art, a kind of external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system is provided, this system floor space is little, operating cost is low, can avoid the problems such as the upper burn into occurring of flue gas heat-exchange unit GGH blocks, the life-span is low, improve operational reliability, effectively solve chimney " white cigarette " problem.
The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system, comprise desulfuration absorbing tower and chimney, described desulfuration absorbing tower is connected with chimney by flue collector, its design feature is: on flue collector, set out mouth near chimney end, arrange into mouth near desulfuration absorbing tower end, described outlet flue is by the first switch valve, first flow control valve connects the air intake of booster fan, the outlet air end of booster fan connects the cold flue gas input of external vapor heat exchanger by second switch valve, the hot flue gas output of external vapor heat exchanger is communicated with the mouth that enters on flue collector by the 3rd switch valve, the external high temperature vapour of the steam input source of external vapor heat exchanger, form external wet flue gas heating and dehumidification loop, described external wet flue gas heating and dehumidification loop and flue collector form a closed circuit, by external heat source, the Low Temperature Wet flue gas in external wet flue gas heating and dehumidification loop is carried out to heat exchange, obtain high-temperature flue gas and enter again flue collector, the Low Temperature Wet flue gas in desulfuration absorbing tower exit is heated up, and in finally forming, warm flue gas enters chimney.
Further scheme of the present utility model: first flow detector and the first Temperature Detector are set at desulfuration absorbing tower outlet flue place, enter between mouth and outlet flue the second Temperature Detector is set at flue collector, second amount detector and the 3rd Temperature Detector are set at the outlet side place of the 3rd switch valve; Form temperature and gas flow monitoring of structures to external wet flue gas heating and dehumidification loop.
Further scheme of the present utility model: described external vapor heat exchanger is pipes type steaming heater, described external heat source is from auxiliary steam or other heat sources in power plant.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
1, the utility model adopts the external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system that booster fan and external vapor heat exchanger form, extract warm flue gas in part by booster fan and enter external vapor heat exchanger, utilize external heat source centering temperature flue gas to carry out heat exchange, obtain the high-temperature flue gas of 160 ℃, be mixed into middle temperature flue gas with the Low Temperature Wet flue gas in desulfuration absorbing tower exit again, eliminated the phenomenon that occurs " white cigarette " when chimney is discharged; Owing to being centering temperature flue gas, booster fan and external vapor heat exchanger are worked under dry operating mode, can not cause the problems such as fouling, obstruction, corrosion, therefore there is prolongation system service life, system site area is little, can meet continuously, the beneficial effect of safe operation.
2, the utility model is by arranging three Temperature Detectors, wherein two device for detecting temperature are as feedforward or feedback parameter, be convenient to control on the one hand booster fan outlet temperature stable, make the exhaust gas temperature of chimney stable by the flow of first flow control valve control booster fan on the other hand, the middle temperature flue gas of input chimney is remained between 75~85 ℃, meet thereby realize the object of eliminating " white cigarette " with minimum cost; Another temperature-detecting device, by monitoring high-temperature flue-gas, regulates the steam flow of external vapor heat exchanger, makes whole loop all the time in optimal economic running status.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of rotary generative flue gas heat-exchange unit.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of built-in tubular type flue gas heat-exchange unit.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of contact(-type) heater.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.
Specific embodiment 1:
With reference to Fig. 4, the external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system that the present embodiment relates to, comprises desulfuration absorbing tower 1, chimney 2, flue collector 3, booster fan 4, external vapor heat exchanger 5, the first switch valve 6-1, second switch valve 6-2, the 3rd switch valve 6-3, first flow control valve 7-1, first flow detector 8-1, second amount detector 8-2, the first Temperature Detector 9-1, the second Temperature Detector 9-2, the 3rd Temperature Detector 9-3 and external heat source 14, described desulfuration absorbing tower 1 is connected with chimney 2 by flue collector 3, on flue collector 3, sets out mouth near chimney 2 ends, arrange into mouth near desulfuration absorbing tower 1 end, described outlet flue is by the first switch valve 6-1, first flow control valve 7-1 connects the air intake of booster fan 4, the outlet air end of booster fan 4 connects the cold flue gas input of 6-2 external vapor heat exchanger 5 by second switch valve, described external vapor heat exchanger 5 is pipes type steaming heater, the hot flue gas output of external vapor heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the mouth that enters on flue collector 3 by the 3rd switch valve 6-3, the external high temperature vapour of the steam input source of external vapor heat exchanger 5, forms external wet flue gas heating and dehumidification loop 3-1, described external wet flue gas heating and dehumidification loop 3-1 and flue collector 3 form a closed circuit, by external heat source 14, the middle temperature flue gas 10 in external wet flue gas heating and dehumidification loop 3-1 is carried out to heat exchange, obtain high-temperature flue gas 12 and enter again flue collector 3, the Low Temperature Wet flue gas 11 in desulfuration absorbing tower exit is heated up, in finally forming, warm flue gas 10 enters chimney 2, and described external heat source 14 is from auxiliary steam or other heat sources in power plant.
At desulfuration absorbing tower 1 outlet flue place, first flow detector 8-1 and the first Temperature Detector 9-1 are set, in entering between mouth and outlet flue of flue collector 3, the second Temperature Detector 9-2 is set, second amount detector 8-2 and the 3rd Temperature Detector 9-3 are set at the outlet side place of the 3rd switch valve 6-3; Form temperature and gas flow monitoring of structures to external wet flue gas heating and dehumidification loop 3-1.
With reference to Fig. 2-Fig. 4, the external vapor heat exchanger 5 that the present embodiment relates to, can adopt rotary generative flue gas heat-exchange unit, built-in tubular type flue gas heat-exchange unit or contact(-type) heater side.
The external heated type wet flue gas dehumanization method that the present embodiment relates to:
1) external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system is set, heats by extracting warm flue gas in part again, this part flue gas after heating refills in Low Temperature Wet flue gas 11 after becoming high-temperature flue gas 12 again, to promote the final exhaust temperature of flue gas;
2) extract warm flue gas in part in chimney porch, send into the external vapor heat exchanger 5 of external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system, heating steam is from auxiliary steam or other heat sources in thermal power plant, in described external vapor heat exchanger 5, this part flue gas extracting is warming up to the high-temperature flue gas 12 of 160 ℃, after being boosted by booster fan 4, send into again in Low Temperature Wet flue gas 11, after whole Low Temperature Wet flue gases 11 is heated to be to middle temperature flue gas 10, enter chimney, complete wet flue gas is dehumidified.
At described external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system set temperature test point, monitoring desulfuration absorbing tower exit gas temperature T1, enter the middle temperature flue-gas temperature T2 of chimney, the high-temperature flue-gas T3 after bypass flue heating, auxiliary steam is the temperature of external heat source;
1) monitoring desulfuration absorbing tower exit gas temperature T1, whether the flue-gas temperature of monitoring absorption tower outlet after the washing on absorption tower is in saturation state, be whether temperature is between 45-50 ℃, this temperature point signal feedovers as system, in the time that load variations causes that temperature significantly changes, send the control signal input of Steam Heating variable signal to external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system; T1 is as feed-forward signal, when external disturbance causes that the Low Temperature Wet flue gas 11 of desulfurizing tower outlet significantly changes, in advance conditioning signal delivered to external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system, in advance steam regulation add heat.
2) monitoring enters the middle temperature flue-gas temperature T2 of chimney, for eliminating chimney " white cigarette " phenomenon, need flue-gas temperature higher than the temperature under saturated vapor partial pressure, when the saturated flue gas temperature under this pressure reaches 75-85 ℃, chimney emission is eliminated " white cigarette " phenomenon.If be greater than the flue-gas temperature of 85 ℃, need more dielectric heating flue gas, cause waste, uneconomical, therefore, need Monitoring and Controlling chimney emission temperature not higher than 85 ℃.According to the middle temperature flue-gas temperature T2 feedback that enters chimney, regulate the fans entrance throttle opening of external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system, to adjust bypass flue gas recirculation amount, control chimney emission temperature in the interval of economical rationality, 75 ℃-80 ℃ of the exhaust temperatures that mixed flue-gas temperature is arrived set.
3) the high-temperature flue-gas T3 after bypass flue heating, by the monitoring of the high-temperature flue-gas T3 to after bypass flue heating, makes high-temperature flue-gas maintain 160 ° of C; By the monitoring of T3 measuring point, the high-temperature flue-gas that keeps the external vapor heat exchanger 5 of external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system to export reaches 160 ℃, when T3 temperature is less than 160 ℃, increases quantity of steam; In the time that flue-gas temperature equals 160 ℃, maintain quantity of steam; In the time that flue-gas temperature is greater than 160 ℃, reduce quantity of steam.
Operation principle of the present utility model:
Extract warm flue gas 10 in the part of flue collector 3 heats by booster fan 4 again, this part flue gas after heating becomes 160 ℃ of high-temperature flue gas, refill again in flue collector 3, Low Temperature Wet flue gas 11 is mixed with high-temperature flue gas 12, reach the object that promotes the final exhaust temperature of flue gas.Warm flue-gas temperature 70-80 ℃ in the import of external vapor heat exchanger 5 of the present utility model, the outlet high-temperature flue-gas of external vapor heat exchanger 5 is 160 ℃, all higher than saturation temperature, not only can effectively solve heat exchanger and directly be installed on the problems such as the stifled ash of corrosion in wet flue gas, booster fan 4 always works in the dry operating mode of middle temperature flue gas, do not have equally the problem of corrosion, no matter heat exchanger or blower fan all can the stable operations of long-term safety.Make the final exhaust gas temperature of whole system higher than saturation temperature, eliminate chimney " white cigarette ", and make the system operating condition in minimum heating cost all the time.
Specific embodiment 2:
The feature of the present embodiment 2 is: described external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system, also comprise a mixing chamber and screen pack, flue collector 3 is provided with mixing chamber, mixing chamber is connected with external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system, external heated type wet flue gas dehumidification system is by booster fan 4 extracting airs 13, by external vapor heat exchanger 5, air 13 is heated, air 12 after heating enters mixing chamber, be mixed into middle temperature flue gas 10 with the Low Temperature Wet flue gas 11 in flue collector 3, exchange as screen pack at the first switch valve 6-1 of booster fan 4 front ends, air 13 is filtered.All the other are with specific embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment 3:
The feature of the present embodiment 3 is: the 4th Temperature Detector and the 4th flow regulator are set on external heat source, and other features are identical with specific embodiment 1.
This external heated type wet flue gas dehumanization method, absorb air 13 by booster fan 4, air 13 is heated to 160 ℃, then high temperature air is inputted in flue collector 3 and be mixed into middle temperature flue gas 13 with Low Temperature Wet flue gas 11, make final exhaust gas temperature higher than " white cigarette " temperature.Other features are identical with specific embodiment 1 or specific embodiment 2.